Back Matter

Alexei P Kireyev; Boaz Nandwa; Lorraine Ocampos; Babacar Sarr; Ramzy Al Amine; Allan G Auclair; Yufei Cai; Jean-Francois Dauphin

doi:10.5089/9781484378373.087.A999

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Back Matter

Author:

Mr. Alexei P Kireyev

Mr. Alexei P Kireyev
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Mr. Boaz Nandwa

Mr. Boaz Nandwa
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Ms. Lorraine Ocampos

Ms. Lorraine Ocampos
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Mr. Babacar Sarr

Mr. Babacar Sarr
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Mr. Ramzy Al Amine

Mr. Ramzy Al Amine
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Mr. Allan G Auclair

Mr. Allan G Auclair
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Mr. Yufei Cai

Mr. Yufei Cai
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Mr. Jean-Francois Dauphin

Mr. Jean-Francois Dauphin
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Publication Date:: 13 Feb 2019

ISBN:: 9781484378373

Language:: English

Keywords:: DPPP; DP; Maghreb country; Maghreb trade; export structure; factory Maghreb; growth potential

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Annex 1. Intra-Maghreb Trade: Revealed Comparative Advantages

(Index, HS 2012, four-digit level, cut-off value = 10)

Source: IMF staff calculations based on World Bank WITS (2018).

Algeria
	Libya			Mauritania			Morocco			Tunisia
#	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA
1	1507	Soya-bean oil	79.0	1701	Cane or beet sugar	14.3	2711	Petroleum gases and hydrocarbons	35.9	2711	Petroleum gases and hydrocarbons	24.3
2	1701	Cane or beet sugar	62.7	0804	Dates, figs, and other fruits	9.9	2716	Electrical energy	23.9	2904	Derivatives of hydrocarbons	19.2
3	6809	Plaster	48.6	1902	Pasta	8.3	6809	Plaster	19.4	7005	Glass	13.9
4	1512	Sun-flower seed or cotton-seed oil	25.3	4818	Household, sanitary articles of paper	1.3	2814	Ammonia	14.1	6809	Plaster	13.4
5	0403	Milk or cream	11.4							2009	Fruit and vegetable juices	13.3
6										4707	Waste and scrap of paper	11.3
Mauritania
	Algeria			Libya			Morocco			Tunisia
#	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Description	RCA
1	2827	Chlorides	8385	2402	Cigars, cheroots, and cigarettes	74.4	5901	Textile fabrics	5095	2301	Flours, meal and pellets	4270
2	0302	Fish; fresh or chilled	225.4				0302	Fish; fresh or chilled	359.5	0303	Fish; frozen	160.6
3							2505	Sands	37.8	0302	Fish; fresh or chilled	90.9
4							0409	Honey	36.2	0307	Molluscs	13.2
Morocco
	Algeria			Libya			Mauritania			Tunisia
#	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Description	RCA
1	2101	Coffee, tea or mate	137.5		Aluminium casks, drums, cans, boxes	97.9	0702	Tomatoes; fresh or chilled	14.7	2511	Natural barium sulphate and carbonate	175.7
2	2809	Phosphoric acids	77.9	1517	Margarine	41.6	1507	Soya-bean oil and its fractions	14.7	2102	Yeasts	122.5
3	2511	Natural barium sulphate and carbonate	58.6		Stoppers, caps, lids	25.4	0807	Melons and papaws (papayas); fresh	14.6	2811	Inorganic acids	112.7
4	6211	Track suits, swimwear and garments	53.9	2101	Coffee, tea or mate	17.8	0704	Cabbages, and similar edible brassicas	14.6	2101	Coffee, tea or mate	106.7
5	6210	Garments made up of fabrics	51.3	1701	Cane or beet sugar	14.1	0805	Citrus fruit; fresh or dried	14.6	1703	Molasses from sugar	105.6
6	6217	Clothing accessories	51.2	8544	Insulated wire, and electric conductors	13.4	0709	Vegetables	14.4	7612	Aluminium casks, drums, cans, boxes	92.1
7	0303	Fish; frozen	43.5	1515	Fixed vegetable fats and oils	12.0	3602	Prepared explosives	13.1	2301	Flours	57.7
8	7612	Aluminium casks, drums, cans, boxes	42.5	1507	Soya-bean oil and its fractions	12.0	0403	Milk or cream	12.9	6813	Friction material and articles thereof	52.4
9	2403	Manufactured tobacco and substitutes	40.4				1604	Prepared or preserved fish	12.8	1211	Plants and parts of plants	45.5
10	3905	Polymers of vinyl acetate	40.0				2309	Animal food	12.5	2507	Kaolin and other clays	45.3
11	2507	Kaolin and other kaolinic clays	37.1							2008	Fruit and nuts	39.2
12	7210	Iron or non-alloy steel	36.6							2202	Waters, including mineral and aerated	36.0
13	2005	Vegetable preparations	35.7							4707	Waste and scrap of paper	31.1
14	5808	Braids in the piece	34.9							0713	Vegetables, dried leguminous;	30.6
15	1212	Locust beans, seaweeds and algae	29.2							0511	Animal products	23.2
16	6813	Friction material	29.0							5204	Cotton sewing thread	17.5
17	0813	Fruit, dried	27.7							3305	Hair Preparations	13.0
18	3209	Paints and varnishes	26.5							7801	Lead; unwrought	12.3
19	3204	Synthetic organic colouring matter	25.2							5402	Synthetic filament yarn	10.9
20	3105	Fertilizers; mineral or chemical	24.0							0303	Fish; frozen	10.4
21	2505	Sands	23.2							6910	Ceramic sinks and sanitary fixtures	10.2
22	2008	Fruit, nuts and edible parts of plants	18.1							8524	Records, tapes and recorded media	10.2
23	2104	Soups and broths	17.8
24	5408	Woven fabrics	16.3
25	6405	Footwear	15.8
26	6805	Abrasive powder or grain	15.1
27	1704	Sugar confectionery	14.6
28	7209	Iron or non-alloy steel	14.4
29	0904	Pepper of the genus piper	14.0
30	1509	Olive oil and its fractions	12.3
31	4911	Printed matter	11.4
32	7208	Iron or non-alloy steel	10.8
33	6910	Ceramic sinks and sanitary fixtures	10.8
34	7614	Aluminium	10.8
35	7010	Containers of glass	10.5
36	6101	Coats	10.2
Tunisia
	Algeria			Libya			Mauritania			Tunisia
#	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Description	RCA
1	6914	Ceramic articles	59.8	0807	Melons and papaws (papayas); fresh	21.9	3909	Phenolic resins and polyurethanes	138.5	2835	Phosphates and polyphosphates	120.4
2	2522	Quicklime and hydraulic lime	55.9	0805	Citrus fruit; fresh or dried	21.9	2836	Carbonates; peroxocarbonates	80.0	4820	Registers, account books, diaries;	108.2
3	2835	Phosphates and polyphosphates	44.8	0809	Apricots, cherries, peaches	21.6	0804	Dates, figs, and other fruits	55.4	0804	Dates, figs, and other fruits	102.4
4	2809	Phosphoric and polyphosphoric acids	39.2	1509	Olive oil and its fractions	21.6	1517	Margarine	37.6	9608	Pens;	66.4
5	2511	Natural barium sulphate and carbonate	34.8	2835	Phosphates and polyphosphates	21.4	3907	Polyacetals and other polyethers	25.9	7217	Wire of iron or non-alloy steel	61.5
6	8716	Trailers and semi-trailers	32.4	3905	Polymers of vinyl acetate	19.6	7210	Iron or non-alloy steel	22.2	3915	Waste, parings and scrap, of plastics	43.7
7	2828	Commercial calcium hypochlorite	30.6	0804	Dates, figs, and other fruits	19.5	3208	Paints, varnishes;	21.6	3819	Hydraulic brake fluids	43.3
8	2836	Carbonates; peroxocarbonates	29.1	2520	Gypsum; anhydrite; plasters	19.2	7318	Screws, bolts, nuts, and coach screws	14.0	0207	Meat and edible offal of poultry	41.7
9	3905	Polymers of vinyl acetate	27.5	2501	Salt	17.4	4818	Household, sanitary articles of paper	12.8	3806	Rosin and resin acids	39.0
10	7309	Reservoirs, tanks, and containers;	26.0	2828	Hypochlorites	17.1	9028	Gas, liquid or electricity supply	10.1	1516	Animal or vegetable fats and oils	31.7
11	2001	Vegetables, fruit prepared by vinegar	23.4	4804	Uncoated kraft paper and paperboard	16.6				1509	Olive oil and its fractions;	29.7
12	9028	Gas, liquid or electricity supply	22.7	0702	Tomatoes; fresh or chilled	16.4				3905	Polymers of vinyl acetate	23.2
13	8548	Electrical parts; of machinery	22.2	3105	Fertilizers; mineral or chemical	15.6				3812	Prepared rubber accelerators	22.2
14	1207	Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits	19.6	0709	Vegetables; fresh or chilled	15.5				4803	Tissue, towel, napkin stock or similar	21.1
15	2523	Portland and other cement	18.0	4810	Paper coated with kaolin	15.4				8430	Moving, grading, levelling machinery	18.3
16	0910	Ginger, saffron, and other spices	17.3	4803	Tissue, towel, napkin stock or similar	15.1				3305	Hair preparations	16.7
17	3812	Prepared rubber accelerators	15.2	0403	Milk or cream	14.8				0910	Ginger, saffron, and other spices	15.5
18	7010	Containers of glass	15.1	3912	Cellulose and its chemical derivatives	14.8				7312	Stranded wire, ropes, cables, plaited bands, slings and the like, of iron or steel, not electrically insulated	15.1
19	8609	Containers	15.1	0904	Pepper of the genus piper	13.4				5604	Rubber thread and cord	13.9
20	4803	Tissue, towel, napkin stock or similar	13.9	1516	Animal or vegetable fats and oils	13.1				6901	Bricks, blocks, and other ceramic goods	13.8
21	6807	Asphalt or similar material	13.2	6309	Textiles	13.0				0406	Cheese and curd	12.3
22	3212	Pigments	12.6	4818	Household, sanitary articles of paper	12.9				3306	Oral or dental hygiene preparations	11.9
23	8431	Machinery parts	12.6	0806	Grapes; fresh or dried	12.9				6403	Footwear	11.1
24	7310	Tanks, casks, and similar containers	12.4	7310	Tanks, casks, and similar containers	11.2
25	9015	Surveying instruments and appliances	11.4	2833	Sulphates; alums; peroxosulphates	10.7
26				8903	Yachts and other vessels	10.6
27				1517	Margarine	10.5
28				3903	Polymers of styrene, in primary forms	10.1

Source: IMF staff calculations based on World Bank WITS (2018).

Algeria
	Libya			Mauritania			Morocco			Tunisia
#	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA
1	1507	Soya-bean oil	79.0	1701	Cane or beet sugar	14.3	2711	Petroleum gases and hydrocarbons	35.9	2711	Petroleum gases and hydrocarbons	24.3
2	1701	Cane or beet sugar	62.7	0804	Dates, figs, and other fruits	9.9	2716	Electrical energy	23.9	2904	Derivatives of hydrocarbons	19.2
3	6809	Plaster	48.6	1902	Pasta	8.3	6809	Plaster	19.4	7005	Glass	13.9
4	1512	Sun-flower seed or cotton-seed oil	25.3	4818	Household, sanitary articles of paper	1.3	2814	Ammonia	14.1	6809	Plaster	13.4
5	0403	Milk or cream	11.4							2009	Fruit and vegetable juices	13.3
6										4707	Waste and scrap of paper	11.3
Mauritania
	Algeria			Libya			Morocco			Tunisia
#	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Description	RCA
1	2827	Chlorides	8385	2402	Cigars, cheroots, and cigarettes	74.4	5901	Textile fabrics	5095	2301	Flours, meal and pellets	4270
2	0302	Fish; fresh or chilled	225.4				0302	Fish; fresh or chilled	359.5	0303	Fish; frozen	160.6
3							2505	Sands	37.8	0302	Fish; fresh or chilled	90.9
4							0409	Honey	36.2	0307	Molluscs	13.2
Morocco
	Algeria			Libya			Mauritania			Tunisia
#	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Description	RCA
1	2101	Coffee, tea or mate	137.5		Aluminium casks, drums, cans, boxes	97.9	0702	Tomatoes; fresh or chilled	14.7	2511	Natural barium sulphate and carbonate	175.7
2	2809	Phosphoric acids	77.9	1517	Margarine	41.6	1507	Soya-bean oil and its fractions	14.7	2102	Yeasts	122.5
3	2511	Natural barium sulphate and carbonate	58.6		Stoppers, caps, lids	25.4	0807	Melons and papaws (papayas); fresh	14.6	2811	Inorganic acids	112.7
4	6211	Track suits, swimwear and garments	53.9	2101	Coffee, tea or mate	17.8	0704	Cabbages, and similar edible brassicas	14.6	2101	Coffee, tea or mate	106.7
5	6210	Garments made up of fabrics	51.3	1701	Cane or beet sugar	14.1	0805	Citrus fruit; fresh or dried	14.6	1703	Molasses from sugar	105.6
6	6217	Clothing accessories	51.2	8544	Insulated wire, and electric conductors	13.4	0709	Vegetables	14.4	7612	Aluminium casks, drums, cans, boxes	92.1
7	0303	Fish; frozen	43.5	1515	Fixed vegetable fats and oils	12.0	3602	Prepared explosives	13.1	2301	Flours	57.7
8	7612	Aluminium casks, drums, cans, boxes	42.5	1507	Soya-bean oil and its fractions	12.0	0403	Milk or cream	12.9	6813	Friction material and articles thereof	52.4
9	2403	Manufactured tobacco and substitutes	40.4				1604	Prepared or preserved fish	12.8	1211	Plants and parts of plants	45.5
10	3905	Polymers of vinyl acetate	40.0				2309	Animal food	12.5	2507	Kaolin and other clays	45.3
11	2507	Kaolin and other kaolinic clays	37.1							2008	Fruit and nuts	39.2
12	7210	Iron or non-alloy steel	36.6							2202	Waters, including mineral and aerated	36.0
13	2005	Vegetable preparations	35.7							4707	Waste and scrap of paper	31.1
14	5808	Braids in the piece	34.9							0713	Vegetables, dried leguminous;	30.6
15	1212	Locust beans, seaweeds and algae	29.2							0511	Animal products	23.2
16	6813	Friction material	29.0							5204	Cotton sewing thread	17.5
17	0813	Fruit, dried	27.7							3305	Hair Preparations	13.0
18	3209	Paints and varnishes	26.5							7801	Lead; unwrought	12.3
19	3204	Synthetic organic colouring matter	25.2							5402	Synthetic filament yarn	10.9
20	3105	Fertilizers; mineral or chemical	24.0							0303	Fish; frozen	10.4
21	2505	Sands	23.2							6910	Ceramic sinks and sanitary fixtures	10.2
22	2008	Fruit, nuts and edible parts of plants	18.1							8524	Records, tapes and recorded media	10.2
23	2104	Soups and broths	17.8
24	5408	Woven fabrics	16.3
25	6405	Footwear	15.8
26	6805	Abrasive powder or grain	15.1
27	1704	Sugar confectionery	14.6
28	7209	Iron or non-alloy steel	14.4
29	0904	Pepper of the genus piper	14.0
30	1509	Olive oil and its fractions	12.3
31	4911	Printed matter	11.4
32	7208	Iron or non-alloy steel	10.8
33	6910	Ceramic sinks and sanitary fixtures	10.8
34	7614	Aluminium	10.8
35	7010	Containers of glass	10.5
36	6101	Coats	10.2
Tunisia
	Algeria			Libya			Mauritania			Tunisia
#	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Description	RCA
1	6914	Ceramic articles	59.8	0807	Melons and papaws (papayas); fresh	21.9	3909	Phenolic resins and polyurethanes	138.5	2835	Phosphates and polyphosphates	120.4
2	2522	Quicklime and hydraulic lime	55.9	0805	Citrus fruit; fresh or dried	21.9	2836	Carbonates; peroxocarbonates	80.0	4820	Registers, account books, diaries;	108.2
3	2835	Phosphates and polyphosphates	44.8	0809	Apricots, cherries, peaches	21.6	0804	Dates, figs, and other fruits	55.4	0804	Dates, figs, and other fruits	102.4
4	2809	Phosphoric and polyphosphoric acids	39.2	1509	Olive oil and its fractions	21.6	1517	Margarine	37.6	9608	Pens;	66.4
5	2511	Natural barium sulphate and carbonate	34.8	2835	Phosphates and polyphosphates	21.4	3907	Polyacetals and other polyethers	25.9	7217	Wire of iron or non-alloy steel	61.5
6	8716	Trailers and semi-trailers	32.4	3905	Polymers of vinyl acetate	19.6	7210	Iron or non-alloy steel	22.2	3915	Waste, parings and scrap, of plastics	43.7
7	2828	Commercial calcium hypochlorite	30.6	0804	Dates, figs, and other fruits	19.5	3208	Paints, varnishes;	21.6	3819	Hydraulic brake fluids	43.3
8	2836	Carbonates; peroxocarbonates	29.1	2520	Gypsum; anhydrite; plasters	19.2	7318	Screws, bolts, nuts, and coach screws	14.0	0207	Meat and edible offal of poultry	41.7
9	3905	Polymers of vinyl acetate	27.5	2501	Salt	17.4	4818	Household, sanitary articles of paper	12.8	3806	Rosin and resin acids	39.0
10	7309	Reservoirs, tanks, and containers;	26.0	2828	Hypochlorites	17.1	9028	Gas, liquid or electricity supply	10.1	1516	Animal or vegetable fats and oils	31.7
11	2001	Vegetables, fruit prepared by vinegar	23.4	4804	Uncoated kraft paper and paperboard	16.6				1509	Olive oil and its fractions;	29.7
12	9028	Gas, liquid or electricity supply	22.7	0702	Tomatoes; fresh or chilled	16.4				3905	Polymers of vinyl acetate	23.2
13	8548	Electrical parts; of machinery	22.2	3105	Fertilizers; mineral or chemical	15.6				3812	Prepared rubber accelerators	22.2
14	1207	Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits	19.6	0709	Vegetables; fresh or chilled	15.5				4803	Tissue, towel, napkin stock or similar	21.1
15	2523	Portland and other cement	18.0	4810	Paper coated with kaolin	15.4				8430	Moving, grading, levelling machinery	18.3
16	0910	Ginger, saffron, and other spices	17.3	4803	Tissue, towel, napkin stock or similar	15.1				3305	Hair preparations	16.7
17	3812	Prepared rubber accelerators	15.2	0403	Milk or cream	14.8				0910	Ginger, saffron, and other spices	15.5
18	7010	Containers of glass	15.1	3912	Cellulose and its chemical derivatives	14.8				7312	Stranded wire, ropes, cables, plaited bands, slings and the like, of iron or steel, not electrically insulated	15.1
19	8609	Containers	15.1	0904	Pepper of the genus piper	13.4				5604	Rubber thread and cord	13.9
20	4803	Tissue, towel, napkin stock or similar	13.9	1516	Animal or vegetable fats and oils	13.1				6901	Bricks, blocks, and other ceramic goods	13.8
21	6807	Asphalt or similar material	13.2	6309	Textiles	13.0				0406	Cheese and curd	12.3
22	3212	Pigments	12.6	4818	Household, sanitary articles of paper	12.9				3306	Oral or dental hygiene preparations	11.9
23	8431	Machinery parts	12.6	0806	Grapes; fresh or dried	12.9				6403	Footwear	11.1
24	7310	Tanks, casks, and similar containers	12.4	7310	Tanks, casks, and similar containers	11.2
25	9015	Surveying instruments and appliances	11.4	2833	Sulphates; alums; peroxosulphates	10.7
26				8903	Yachts and other vessels	10.6
27				1517	Margarine	10.5
28				3903	Polymers of styrene, in primary forms	10.1

Source: IMF staff calculations based on World Bank WITS (2018).

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Caution is needed when comparing survey-based structural indicators across countries. Although these indicators are updated yearly and survey methodologies are revised frequently, they are perception indicators and partly constrained by the data that can realistically be collected.

Trade complementarity index (on a 0 to 100 scale) indicates to what extent the export profile of the reporting country matches, or complements, the import profile of the partner country. A high index may indicate that the two countries would stand to gain from increased trade.

The revealed comparative advantage (RCA) index measures how competitive a product is in countries’ exports compared with the product’s share in world trade. Products with a high RCA are competitive and can be exported to countries with a low RCA. If estimated at high levels of product disaggregation, the RCA can focus attention on nontraditional products that might be successfully traded.

The Trade Integration Mechanism was introduced in 2004 to assist member countries to meet balance of payments shortfalls that might result from trade liberalization measures implemented by other countries. The Trade Integration Mechanism is not a special lending facility, but rather a policy designed to make resources more predictably available under existing IMF lending facilities (IMF 2018b).

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Economic Integration in the Maghreb: An Untapped Source of Growth

Author:

Mr. Alexei P Kireyev

Mr. Boaz Nandwa

Ms. Lorraine Ocampos

Mr. Babacar Sarr

Mr. Ramzy Al Amine

Mr. Allan G Auclair

Mr. Yufei Cai

, and

Mr. Jean-Francois Dauphin

Volume/Issue:: Volume 2019: Issue 003

Publisher:: International Monetary Fund

ISBN:: 9781484378373

ISSN:: 2616-5333

Pages:: 47

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781484378373.087

Keywords
Annex 1. Intra-Maghreb Trade: Revealed Comparative Advantages
References

Foresee

Algeria
	Libya			Mauritania			Morocco			Tunisia
#	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA
1	1507	Soya-bean oil	79.0	1701	Cane or beet sugar	14.3	2711	Petroleum gases and hydrocarbons	35.9	2711	Petroleum gases and hydrocarbons	24.3
2	1701	Cane or beet sugar	62.7	0804	Dates, figs, and other fruits	9.9	2716	Electrical energy	23.9	2904	Derivatives of hydrocarbons	19.2
3	6809	Plaster	48.6	1902	Pasta	8.3	6809	Plaster	19.4	7005	Glass	13.9
4	1512	Sun-flower seed or cotton-seed oil	25.3	4818	Household, sanitary articles of paper	1.3	2814	Ammonia	14.1	6809	Plaster	13.4
5	0403	Milk or cream	11.4							2009	Fruit and vegetable juices	13.3
6										4707	Waste and scrap of paper	11.3
Mauritania
	Algeria			Libya			Morocco			Tunisia
#	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Description	RCA
1	2827	Chlorides	8385	2402	Cigars, cheroots, and cigarettes	74.4	5901	Textile fabrics	5095	2301	Flours, meal and pellets	4270
2	0302	Fish; fresh or chilled	225.4				0302	Fish; fresh or chilled	359.5	0303	Fish; frozen	160.6
3							2505	Sands	37.8	0302	Fish; fresh or chilled	90.9
4							0409	Honey	36.2	0307	Molluscs	13.2
Morocco
	Algeria			Libya			Mauritania			Tunisia
#	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Description	RCA
1	2101	Coffee, tea or mate	137.5		Aluminium casks, drums, cans, boxes	97.9	0702	Tomatoes; fresh or chilled	14.7	2511	Natural barium sulphate and carbonate	175.7
2	2809	Phosphoric acids	77.9	1517	Margarine	41.6	1507	Soya-bean oil and its fractions	14.7	2102	Yeasts	122.5
3	2511	Natural barium sulphate and carbonate	58.6		Stoppers, caps, lids	25.4	0807	Melons and papaws (papayas); fresh	14.6	2811	Inorganic acids	112.7
4	6211	Track suits, swimwear and garments	53.9	2101	Coffee, tea or mate	17.8	0704	Cabbages, and similar edible brassicas	14.6	2101	Coffee, tea or mate	106.7
5	6210	Garments made up of fabrics	51.3	1701	Cane or beet sugar	14.1	0805	Citrus fruit; fresh or dried	14.6	1703	Molasses from sugar	105.6
6	6217	Clothing accessories	51.2	8544	Insulated wire, and electric conductors	13.4	0709	Vegetables	14.4	7612	Aluminium casks, drums, cans, boxes	92.1
7	0303	Fish; frozen	43.5	1515	Fixed vegetable fats and oils	12.0	3602	Prepared explosives	13.1	2301	Flours	57.7
8	7612	Aluminium casks, drums, cans, boxes	42.5	1507	Soya-bean oil and its fractions	12.0	0403	Milk or cream	12.9	6813	Friction material and articles thereof	52.4
9	2403	Manufactured tobacco and substitutes	40.4				1604	Prepared or preserved fish	12.8	1211	Plants and parts of plants	45.5
10	3905	Polymers of vinyl acetate	40.0				2309	Animal food	12.5	2507	Kaolin and other clays	45.3
11	2507	Kaolin and other kaolinic clays	37.1							2008	Fruit and nuts	39.2
12	7210	Iron or non-alloy steel	36.6							2202	Waters, including mineral and aerated	36.0
13	2005	Vegetable preparations	35.7							4707	Waste and scrap of paper	31.1
14	5808	Braids in the piece	34.9							0713	Vegetables, dried leguminous;	30.6
15	1212	Locust beans, seaweeds and algae	29.2							0511	Animal products	23.2
16	6813	Friction material	29.0							5204	Cotton sewing thread	17.5
17	0813	Fruit, dried	27.7							3305	Hair Preparations	13.0
18	3209	Paints and varnishes	26.5							7801	Lead; unwrought	12.3
19	3204	Synthetic organic colouring matter	25.2							5402	Synthetic filament yarn	10.9
20	3105	Fertilizers; mineral or chemical	24.0							0303	Fish; frozen	10.4
21	2505	Sands	23.2							6910	Ceramic sinks and sanitary fixtures	10.2
22	2008	Fruit, nuts and edible parts of plants	18.1							8524	Records, tapes and recorded media	10.2
23	2104	Soups and broths	17.8
24	5408	Woven fabrics	16.3
25	6405	Footwear	15.8
26	6805	Abrasive powder or grain	15.1
27	1704	Sugar confectionery	14.6
28	7209	Iron or non-alloy steel	14.4
29	0904	Pepper of the genus piper	14.0
30	1509	Olive oil and its fractions	12.3
31	4911	Printed matter	11.4
32	7208	Iron or non-alloy steel	10.8
33	6910	Ceramic sinks and sanitary fixtures	10.8
34	7614	Aluminium	10.8
35	7010	Containers of glass	10.5
36	6101	Coats	10.2
Tunisia
	Algeria			Libya			Mauritania			Tunisia
#	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Product	RCA	HS	Description	RCA
1	6914	Ceramic articles	59.8	0807	Melons and papaws (papayas); fresh	21.9	3909	Phenolic resins and polyurethanes	138.5	2835	Phosphates and polyphosphates	120.4
2	2522	Quicklime and hydraulic lime	55.9	0805	Citrus fruit; fresh or dried	21.9	2836	Carbonates; peroxocarbonates	80.0	4820	Registers, account books, diaries;	108.2
3	2835	Phosphates and polyphosphates	44.8	0809	Apricots, cherries, peaches	21.6	0804	Dates, figs, and other fruits	55.4	0804	Dates, figs, and other fruits	102.4
4	2809	Phosphoric and polyphosphoric acids	39.2	1509	Olive oil and its fractions	21.6	1517	Margarine	37.6	9608	Pens;	66.4
5	2511	Natural barium sulphate and carbonate	34.8	2835	Phosphates and polyphosphates	21.4	3907	Polyacetals and other polyethers	25.9	7217	Wire of iron or non-alloy steel	61.5
6	8716	Trailers and semi-trailers	32.4	3905	Polymers of vinyl acetate	19.6	7210	Iron or non-alloy steel	22.2	3915	Waste, parings and scrap, of plastics	43.7
7	2828	Commercial calcium hypochlorite	30.6	0804	Dates, figs, and other fruits	19.5	3208	Paints, varnishes;	21.6	3819	Hydraulic brake fluids	43.3
8	2836	Carbonates; peroxocarbonates	29.1	2520	Gypsum; anhydrite; plasters	19.2	7318	Screws, bolts, nuts, and coach screws	14.0	0207	Meat and edible offal of poultry	41.7
9	3905	Polymers of vinyl acetate	27.5	2501	Salt	17.4	4818	Household, sanitary articles of paper	12.8	3806	Rosin and resin acids	39.0
10	7309	Reservoirs, tanks, and containers;	26.0	2828	Hypochlorites	17.1	9028	Gas, liquid or electricity supply	10.1	1516	Animal or vegetable fats and oils	31.7
11	2001	Vegetables, fruit prepared by vinegar	23.4	4804	Uncoated kraft paper and paperboard	16.6				1509	Olive oil and its fractions;	29.7
12	9028	Gas, liquid or electricity supply	22.7	0702	Tomatoes; fresh or chilled	16.4				3905	Polymers of vinyl acetate	23.2
13	8548	Electrical parts; of machinery	22.2	3105	Fertilizers; mineral or chemical	15.6				3812	Prepared rubber accelerators	22.2
14	1207	Oil seeds and oleaginous fruits	19.6	0709	Vegetables; fresh or chilled	15.5				4803	Tissue, towel, napkin stock or similar	21.1
15	2523	Portland and other cement	18.0	4810	Paper coated with kaolin	15.4				8430	Moving, grading, levelling machinery	18.3
16	0910	Ginger, saffron, and other spices	17.3	4803	Tissue, towel, napkin stock or similar	15.1				3305	Hair preparations	16.7
17	3812	Prepared rubber accelerators	15.2	0403	Milk or cream	14.8				0910	Ginger, saffron, and other spices	15.5
18	7010	Containers of glass	15.1	3912	Cellulose and its chemical derivatives	14.8				7312	Stranded wire, ropes, cables, plaited bands, slings and the like, of iron or steel, not electrically insulated	15.1
19	8609	Containers	15.1	0904	Pepper of the genus piper	13.4				5604	Rubber thread and cord	13.9
20	4803	Tissue, towel, napkin stock or similar	13.9	1516	Animal or vegetable fats and oils	13.1				6901	Bricks, blocks, and other ceramic goods	13.8
21	6807	Asphalt or similar material	13.2	6309	Textiles	13.0				0406	Cheese and curd	12.3
22	3212	Pigments	12.6	4818	Household, sanitary articles of paper	12.9				3306	Oral or dental hygiene preparations	11.9
23	8431	Machinery parts	12.6	0806	Grapes; fresh or dried	12.9				6403	Footwear	11.1
24	7310	Tanks, casks, and similar containers	12.4	7310	Tanks, casks, and similar containers	11.2
25	9015	Surveying instruments and appliances	11.4	2833	Sulphates; alums; peroxosulphates	10.7
26				8903	Yachts and other vessels	10.6
27				1517	Margarine	10.5
28				3903	Polymers of styrene, in primary forms	10.1

Source: IMF staff calculations based on World Bank WITS (2018).

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