Abstract
In this issue, John T. Cuddington and Daniel Jerrett from the Colorado School of Mines examine whether metals prices are in a "super cycle" upswing driven by intensive economic growth in China, in particular. Using evidence from U.S. Social Security records, James E. Duggan, Robert Gillingham, and John S. Greenlees look at the empirical relationship between mortality and lifetime income. Pär Österholm and Jeromin Zettelmeyer analyze the effect of external conditions on growth in Latin America, while Junko Koeda presents a debt overhang model for low-income countries. The issue also includes a comprehensive index for Volume 55 (2008) by author, subject, and title.
Volume 55 (2008) comprises four regular issues, as follows: No. 1, 1–210 No. 2, 211–366 No. 3, 367–540 No. 4, 541–694
Authors
Barajas, Adolfo, Lennart Erickson, and Roberto Steiner. Fear of Declaring: Do Markets Care What Countries Say About Their Exchange Rate Policies? 445
Batini, Nicoletta, Pietro Cova, Massimiliano Pisani, and Alessandro Rebucci. Productivity and Global Imbalances: The Role of Nontradable Total Factor Productivity in Advanced Economies 312
Bebee, Jared, and Ben Hunt. The Impact on the United States of the Rise in Energy Prices: Does the Source of the Energy Market Imbalance Matter? 285
Broz, J. Lawrence, Jeffry Frieden, and Stephen Weymouth. Exchange Rate Policy Attitudes: Direct Evidence from Survey Data .417
Chamon, Marcos, and Irineu de Carvalho Filho. A Micro-Empirical Foundation for the Political Economy of Exchange Rate Populism 481
Coletti, Donald, René; Lalonde, and Dirk Muir. Inflation Targeting and Price-Level-Path Targeting in the Global Economy Model: Some Open Economy Considerations 326
Cova, Pietro, Massimiliano Pisani, Nicoletta Batini, and Alessandro Rebucci. Productivity and Global Imbalances: The Role of Nontradable Total Factor Productivity in Advanced Economies 312
Cuddington, John T., and Daniel Jerrett. Super Cycles in Real Metals Prices? 541
Dabla-Norris, Era, and Gabriela Inchauste. Informality and Regulations: What Drives the Growth of Firms? 50
de Carvalho Filho, Irineu, and Marcos Chamon. A Micro-Empirical Foundation for the Political Economy of Exchange Rate Populism 481
Dekle, Robert, Jonathan Eaton, and Samuel Kortum. Global Rebalancing with Gravity: Measuring the Burden of Adjustment 511
Duggan, James E., Robert Gillingham, and John S. Greenlees. Mortality and Lifetime Income: Evidence from U.S. Social Security Records 566
Eaton, Jonathan, Robert Dekle, and Samuel Kortum. Global Rebalancing with Gravity: Measuring the Burden of Adjustment 511
Elekdag, Selim. How Does the Global Economic Environment Influence the Demand for IMF Resources? 624
Elekdag, Selim, René Lalonde, Douglas Laxton, Dirk Muir, and Paolo Pesenti. Oil Price Movements and the Global Economy: A Model-Based Assessment 297
Erickson, Lennart, Adolfo Barajas, and Roberto Steiner. Fear of Declaring: Do Markets Care What Countries Say About Their Exchange Rate Policies? 445
Everaert, Luc, and Werner Schule. Why It Pays to Synchronize Structural Reforms in the Euro Area Across Markets and Countries 356
Fischer, Stanley. Mundell-Fleming Lecture: Exchange Rate Systems, Surveillance, and Advice . 367
Flood, Robert P. Foreword: Special Global Economy Model Issue 211
Frankel, Jeffrey, and Shang-Jin Wei. Estimation of De Facto Exchange Rate Regimes: Synthesis of the Techniques for Inferring Flexibility and Basket Weights 384
Frieden, Jeffry, J. Lawrence Broz, and Stephen Weymouth. Exchange Rate Policy Attitudes: Direct Evidence from Survey Data .417
Gapen, Michael, Dale Gray, Cheng Hoon Lim, and Yingbin Xiao. Measuring and Analyzing Sovereign Risk with Contingent Claims 109
Ghosh, Atish, Manuela Goretti, Bikas Joshi, Alun Thomas, and Juan Zalduendo. Modeling Aggregate Use of IMF Resources—Analytical Approaches and Medium-Term Projections .1
Gillingham, Robert, James E. Duggan, and John S. Greenlees. Mortality and Lifetime Income: Evidence from U.S. Social Security Records 566
Glennerster, Rachel, and Yongseok Shin. Does Transparency Pay? 183
Goretti, Manuela, Atish Ghosh, Bikas Joshi, Alun Thomas, and Juan Zalduendo. Modeling Aggregate Use of IMF Resources—Analytical Approaches and Medium-Term Projections .1
Gray, Dale, Michael Gapen, Cheng Hoon Lim, and Yingbin Xiao. Measuring and Analyzing Sovereign Risk with Contingent Claims 109
Greenlees, John S., James E. Duggan, and Robert Gillingham. Mortality and Lifetime Income: Evidence from U.S. Social Security Records 566
Hunt, Ben, and Jared Bebee. The Impact on the United States of the Rise in Energy Prices: Does the Source of the Energy Market Imbalance Matter? 285
Inchauste, Gabriela, and Era Dabla-Norris. Informality and Regulations: What Drives the Growth of Firms? 50
Jerrett, Daniel, and John T. Cuddington. Super Cycles in Real Metals Prices? 541
Joshi, Bikas, Atish Ghosh, Manuela Goretti, Alun Thomas, and Juan Zalduendo. Modeling Aggregate Use of IMF Resources—Analytical Approaches and Medium-Term Projections .1
Karam, Philippe, Douglas Laxton, David Rose, and Natalia Tamirisa. The Macroeconomic Costs and Benefits of Adopting the Euro 339
Koeda, Junko. A Debt Overhang Model for Low-Income Countries 654
Kortum, Samuel, Robert Dekle, and Jonathan Eaton. Global Rebalancing with Gravity: Measuring the Burden of Adjustment 511
Lalonde, René, Donald Coletti, and Dirk Muir. Inflation Targeting and Price-Level-Path Targeting in the Global Economy Model: Some Open Economy Considerations 326
Lalonde, Rene, Selim Elekdag, Douglas Laxton, Dirk Muir, and Paolo Pesenti. Oil Price Movements and the Global Economy: A Model-Based Assessment 297
Laxton, Douglas. Getting to Know the Global Economy Model and Its Philosophy …297
Laxton, Douglas, Karam, Philippe, David Rose, and Natalia Tamirisa. The Macroeconomic Costs and Benefits of Adopting the Euro 339
Laxton, Douglas, Selim Elekdag, Rene Lalonde, Dirk Muir, and Paolo Pesenti. Oil Price Movements and the Global Economy: A Model-Based Assessment 297
Lim, Cheng Hoon, Michael Gapen, Dale Gray, and Yingbin Xiao. Measuring and Analyzing Sovereign Risk with Contingent Claims 109
Mallick, Sushanta, and Helena Marques. Exchange Rate Transmission into Industry-Level Export Prices: A Tale of Two Policy Regimes in India 83
Marques, Helena, and Sushanta Mallick. Exchange Rate Transmission into Industry-Level Export Prices: A Tale of Two Policy Regimes in India 83
Muir, Dirk, Donald Coletti, and René Lalonde. Inflation Targeting and Price-Level-Path Targeting in the Global Economy Model: Some Open Economy Considerations 326
Muir, Dirk, Selim Elekdag, René Lalonde, Douglas Laxton, and Paolo Pesenti. Oil Price Movements and the Global Economy: A Model-Based Assessment 297
Osterholm, Par, and Jeromin Zettelmeyer. The Effect of External Conditions on Growth in Latin America 595
Pesenti, Paolo. The Global Economy Model: Theoretical Framework 243
Pesenti, Paolo, Selim Elekdag, René Lalonde, Douglas Laxton, and Dirk Muir. Oil Price Movements and the Global Economy: A Model-Based Assessment 297
Pisani, Massimiliano, Pietro Cova, Nicoletta Batini, and Alessandro Rebucci. Productivity and Global Imbalances: The Role of Nontradable Total Factor Productivity in Advanced Economies 312
Rebucci, Alessandro, Pietro Cova, Massimiliano Pisani, and Nicoletta Batini. Productivity and Global Imbalances: The Role of Nontradable Total Factor Productivity in Advanced Economies 312
Rose, David, Philippe Karam, Douglas Laxton, and Natalia Tamirisa. The Macroeconomic Costs and Benefits of Adopting the Euro 339
Samake, Issouf, and Evan Tanner. Probabilistic Sustainability of Public Debt: A Vector Autoregression Approach for Brazil, Mexico, and Turkey .149
Schule, Werner, and Luc Everaert. Why It Pays to Synchronize Structural Reforms in the Euro Area Across Markets and Countries 356
Shin, Yongseok, and Rachel Glennerster. Does Transparency Pay? 183
Steiner, Roberto, Adolfo Barajas, and Lennart Erickson. Fear of Declaring: Do Markets Care What Countries Say About Their Exchange Rate Policies? 445
Tamirisa, Natalia, Karam, Philippe, Douglas Laxton, and David Rose. The Macroeconomic Costs and Benefits of Adopting the Euro 339
Tanner, Evan, and Issouf Samake. Probabilistic Sustainability of Public Debt: A Vector Autoregression Approach for Brazil, Mexico, and Turkey .149
Thomas, Alun, Atish Ghosh, Manuela Goretti, Bikas Joshi, and Juan Zalduendo. Modeling Aggregate Use of IMF Resources—Analytical Approaches and Medium-Term Projections .1
Wei, Shang-Jin, and Jeffrey Frankel. Estimation of De Facto Exchange Rate Regimes: Synthesis of the Techniques for Inferring Flexibility and Basket Weights 384
Weymouth, Stephen, J. Lawrence Broz, and Jeffry Frieden. Exchange Rate Policy Attitudes: Direct Evidence from Survey Data .417
Xiao, Yingbin, Michael Gapen, Dale Gray, and Cheng Hoon Lim. Measuring and Analyzing Sovereign Risk with Contingent Claims 109
Zalduendo, Juan, Atish Ghosh, Manuela Goretti, Bikas Joshi, and Alun Thomas. Modeling Aggregate Use of IMF Resources—Analytical Approaches and Medium-Term Projections .1
Zettelmeyer, Jeromin, and Pär Österholm. The Effect of External Conditions on Growth in Latin America 595
Titles
A Debt Overhang Model for Low-Income Countries. By Junko Koeda 654
Does Transparency Pay? By Rachel Glennerster and Yongseok Shin 183
The Effect of External Conditions on Growth in Latin America. By Pär Österholm and Jeromin Zettelmeyer . 595
Estimation of De Facto Exchange Rate Regimes: Synthesis of the Techniques for Inferring Flexibility and Basket Weights. By Jeffrey Frankel and Shang-Jin Wei 384
Exchange Rate Policy Attitudes: Direct Evidence from Survey Data. By J. Lawrence Broz, Jeffry Frieden, and Stephen Weymouth 417
Exchange Rate Transmission into Industry-Level Export Prices: A Tale of Two Policy Regimes in India. By Sushanta Mallick and Helena Marques .83
Fear of Declaring: Do Markets Care What Countries Say About Their Exchange Rate Policies? By Adolfo Barajas, Lennart Erickson, and Roberto Steiner .445
Foreword: Special Global Economy Model Issue. By Robert P. Flood 211
Getting to Know the Global Economy Model and Its Philosophy. By Douglas Laxton 213
Global Rebalancing with Gravity: Measuring the Burden of Adjustment. By Robert Dekle, Jonathan Eaton, and Samuel Kortum 511
The Global Economy Model: Theoretical Framework. By Paolo Pesenti .243
How Does the Global Economic Environment Influence the Demand for IMF Resources? By Selim Elekda ğ 624
The Impact on the United States of the Rise in Energy Prices: Does the Source of the Energy Market Imbalance Matter? By Jared Bebee and Ben Hunt 285
Inflation Targeting and Price-Level-Path Targeting in the Global Economy Model: Some Open Economy Considerations. By Donald Coletti, René Lalonde, and Dirk Muir 326
Informality and Regulations: What Drives the Growth of Firms? By Era Dabla-Norris and Gabriela Inchauste .50
The Macroeconomic Costs and Benefits of Adopting the Euro. By Philippe Karam, Douglas Laxton, David Rose, and Natalia Tamirisa 339
Measuring and Analyzing Sovereign Risk with Contingent Claims. By Michael Gapen, Dale Gray, Cheng Hoon Lim, and Yingbin Xiao . 109
A Micro-Empirical Foundation for the Political Economy of Exchange Rate Populism. By Irineu de Carvalho Filho and Marcos Chamon 481
Modeling Aggregate Use of IMF Resources—Analytical Approaches and Medium-Term Projections. By Atish Ghosh, Manuela Goretti, Bikas Joshi, Alun Thomas, and Juan Zalduendo 1
Mortality and Lifetime Income: Evidence from U.S. Social Security Records. By James E. Duggan, Robert Gillingham, and John S. Greenlees 566
Mundell-Fleming Lecture: Exchange Rate Systems, Surveillance, and Advice. By Stanley Fischer .367
Oil Price Movements and the Global Economy: A Model-Based Assessment. By Selim Elekdag, Rene Lalonde, Douglas Laxton, Dirk Muir, and Paolo Pesenti 297
Probabilistic Sustainability of Public Debt: A Vector Autoregression Approach for Brazil, Mexico, and Turkey. By Evan Tanner and Issouf Samake 149
Productivity and Global Imbalances: The Role of Nontradable Total Factor Productivity in Advanced Economies. By Pietro Cova, Massimiliano Pisani, Nicoletta Batini, and Alessandro Rebucci 312
Super Cycles in Real Metals Prices? By John T. Cuddington and Daniel Jerrett 541
Why It Pays to Synchronize Structural Reforms in the Euro Area Across Markets and Countries. By Luc Everaert and Werner Schule 356
Subjects
To facilitate electronic storage and retrieval of bibliographic data, IMF Staff Papers has adopted the subject classification scheme of the Journal of Economic Literature (Nashville, Tennessee).
C MATHEMATICAL AND QUANTITATIVE METHODS
C4 Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics C40 General
Mortality and Lifetime Income: Evidence from U.S. Social Security Records. By James E. Duggan, Robert Gillingham, and John S. Greenlees 566
C5 Econometric Modeling
C51 Model Construction and Estimation
Getting to Know the Global Economy Model and Its Philosophy. By Douglas Laxton 213
Inflation Targeting and Price-Level-Path Targeting in the Global Economy Model: Some Open Economy Considerations. By Donald Coletti, René Lalonde, and Dirk Muir 326
The Macroeconomic Costs and Benefits of Adopting the Euro. By Philippe Karam, Douglas Laxton, David Rose, and Natalia Tamirisa .339
C52 Model Evaluation and Selection
Inflation Targeting and Price-Level-Path Targeting in the Global Economy Model: Some Open Economy Considerations. By Donald Coletti, René Lalonde, and Dirk Muir 326
C53 Forecasting and Other Model Applications
Why It Pays to Synchronize Structural Reforms in the Euro Area Across Markets and Countries. By Luc Everaert and Werner Schule . 356
C6 Mathematical Methods and Programming
C67 Input-Output Models
Mortality and Lifetime Income: Evidence from U.S. Social Security Records. By James E. Duggan, Robert Gillingham, and John S. Greenlees 566
D MICROECONOMICS
D3 Distribution
D31 Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
A Micro-Empirical Foundation for the Political Economy of Exchange Rate Populism. By Irineu de Carvalho Filho and Marcos Chamon 481
Mortality and Lifetime Income: Evidence from U.S. Social Security Records. By James E. Duggan, Robert Gillingham, and John S. Greenlees 566
D61 Allocative Efficiency; Cost-Benefit Analysis
Probabilistic Sustainability of Public Debt: A Vector Autoregression Approach for Brazil, Mexico, and Turkey. By Evan Tanner and Issouf Samake .149
E MACROECONOMICS AND MONETARY ECONOMICS
E0 General
Productivity and Global Imbalances: The Role of Nontradable Total Factor Productivity in Advanced Economies. By Pietro Cova, Massimiliano Pisani, Nicoletta Batini, and Alessandro Rebucci 312
E1 General Aggregative Models
E17 Forecasting and Simulation
Inflation Targeting and Price-Level-Path Targeting in the Global Economy Model: Some Open Economy Considerations. By Donald Coletti, René Lalonde, and Dirk Muir 326
E2 Macroeconomics: Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment
E21 Consumption; Saving; Wealth
A Debt Overhang Model for Low-Income Countries. By Junko Koeda .654
E27 Forecasting and Simulation
The Global Economy Model: Theoretical Framework. By Paolo Pesenti . 243
E3 Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles
The Impact on the United States of the Rise in Energy Prices: Does the Source of the Energy Market Imbalance Matter? By Jared Bebee and Ben Hunt .285
Super Cycles in Real Metals Prices? By John T. Cuddington and Daniel Jerrett. . 541
E31 Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
Getting to Know the Global Economy Model and Its Philosophy. By Douglas Laxton 213
Inflation Targeting and Price-Level-Path Targeting in the Global Economy Model: Some Open Economy Considerations. By Donald Coletti, René Lalonde, and Dirk Muir .326
The Macroeconomic Costs and Benefits of Adopting the Euro. By Philippe Karam, Douglas Laxton, David Rose, and Natalia Tamirisa .339
E37 Forecasting and Simulation
The Global Economy Model: Theoretical Framework. By Paolo Pesenti . 243
E5 Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit
E52 Monetary Policy
Getting to Know the Global Economy Model and Its Philosophy. By Douglas Laxton 213
The Impact on the United States of the Rise in Energy Prices: Does the Source of the Energy Market Imbalance Matter? By Jared Bebee and Ben Hunt 285
Inflation Targeting and Price-Level-Path Targeting in the Global Economy Model: Some Open Economy Considerations. By Donald Coletti, René Lalonde, and Dirk Muir 326
The Macroeconomic Costs and Benefits of Adopting the Euro. By Philippe Karam, Douglas Laxton, David Rose, and Natalia Tamirisa 339
Why It Pays to Synchronize Structural Reforms in the Euro Area Across Markets and Countries. By Luc Everaert and Werner Schule 356
E6 Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook
E61 Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination
Measuring and Analyzing Sovereign Risk with Contingent Claims. By Michael Gapen, Dale Gray, Cheng Hoon Lim, and Yingbin Xiao 109
Probabilistic Sustainability of Public Debt: A Vector Autoregression Approach for Brazil, Mexico, and Turkey. By Evan Tanner and Issouf Samake .149
E62 Fiscal Policy
Probabilistic Sustainability of Public Debt: A Vector Autoregression Approach for Brazil, Mexico, and Turkey. By Evan Tanner and Issouf Samake 149
E66 General Outlook and Conditions
Oil Price Movements and the Global Economy: A Model-Based Assessment. By Selim Elekdağ, Rene Lalonde, Douglas Laxton, Dirk Muir, and Paolo Pesenti 297
F INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS F0 General F00 General
Modeling Aggregate Use of IMF Resources—Analytical Approaches and Medium-Term Projections. By Atish Ghosh, Manuela Goretti, Bikas Joshi, Alun Thomas, and Juan Zalduendo 1
F01 Global Outlook
How Does the Global Economic Environment Influence the Demand for IMF Resources? By Selim Elekdağ 624
F1 Trade
F12 Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies
Global Rebalancing with Gravity: Measuring the Burden of Adjustment. By Robert Dekle, Jonathan Eaton, and Samuel Kortum 511
F13 Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
Exchange Rate Transmission into Industry-Level Export Prices: A Tale of Two Policy Regimes in India. By Sushanta Mallick and Helena Marques 83
F14 Country and Industry Studies of Trade
Exchange Rate Transmission into Industry-Level Export Prices: A Tale of Two Policy Regimes in India. By Sushanta Mallick and Helena Marques 83
F3 International Finance
Productivity and Global Imbalances: The Role of Nontradable Total Factor Productivity in Advanced Economies. By Pietro Cova, Massimiliano Pisani, Nicoletta Batini, and Alessandro Rebucci 31
F30 General
Exchange Rate Policy Attitudes: Direct Evidence from Survey Data. By J. Lawrence Broz, Jeffry Frieden, and Stephen Weymouth 417
Global Rebalancing with Gravity: Measuring the Burden of Adjustment. By Robert Dekle, Jonathan Eaton, and Samuel Kortum 511
Mundell-Fleming Lecture: Exchange Rate Systems, Surveillance, and Advice. By Stanley Fischer 367
F31 Foreign Exchange
Exchange Rate Policy Attitudes: Direct Evidence from Survey Data. By J. Lawrence Broz, Jeffry Frieden, and Stephen Weymouth 417
Exchange Rate Transmission into Industry-Level Export Prices: A Tale of Two Policy Regimes in India. By Sushanta Mallick and Helena Marques 83
Estimation of De Facto Exchange Rate Regimes: Synthesis of the Techniques for Inferring Flexibility and Basket Weights. By Jeffrey Frankel and Shang-Jin Wei 384
Fear of Declaring: Do Markets Care What Countries Say About Their Exchange Rate Policies? By Adolfo Barajas, Lennart Erickson, and Roberto Steiner 445
Global Rebalancing with Gravity: Measuring the Burden of Adjustment. By Robert Dekle, Jonathan Eaton, and Samuel Kortum 511
A Micro-Empirical Foundation for the Political Economy of Exchange Rate Populism. By Irineu de Carvalho Filho and Marcos Chamon 481
Mundell-Fleming Lecture: Exchange Rate Systems, Surveillance, and Advice. By Stanley Fischer 367
F32 Current Account Adjustment; Short-Term Capital Movements
Oil Price Movements and the Global Economy: A Model-Based Assessment. By Selim Elekdag, René Lalonde, Douglas Laxton, Dirk Muir, and Paolo Pesenti 297
F33 International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions
Exchange Rate Policy Attitudes: Direct Evidence from Survey Data. By J. Lawrence Broz, Jeffry Frieden, and Stephen Weymouth 417
Fear of Declaring: Do Markets Care What Countries Say About Their Exchange Rate Policies? By Adolfo Barajas, Lennart Erickson, and Roberto Steiner 445
How Does the Global Economic Environment Influence the Demand for IMF Resources? By Selim Elekdağ 624
Modeling Aggregate Use of IMF Resources—Analytical Approaches and Medium-Term Projections. By Atish Ghosh, Manuela Goretti, Bikas Joshi, Alun Thomas, and Juan Zalduendo 1
Mundell-Fleming Lecture: Exchange Rate Systems, Surveillance, and Advice. By Stanley Fischer 367
F34 International Lending and Debt Problems
A Debt Overhang Model for Low-Income Countries. By Junko Koeda .654
Does Transparency Pay? By Rachel Glennerster and Yongseok Shin 183
How Does the Global Economic Environment Influence the Demand for IMF Resources? By Selim Elekdağ 624
Modeling Aggregate Use of IMF Resources—Analytical Approaches and Medium-Term Projections. By Atish Ghosh, Manuela Goretti, Bikas Joshi, Alun Thomas, and Juan Zalduendo 1
F35 Foreign Aid
A Debt Overhang Model for Low-Income Countries. By Junko Koeda .654
F36 Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
Exchange Rate Policy Attitudes: Direct Evidence from Survey Data. By J. Lawrence Broz, Jeffry Frieden, and Stephen Weymouth 417
F37 International Finance Forecasting and Simulation
The Effect of External Conditions on Growth in Latin America. By Pär Österholm and Jeromin Zettelmeyer 595
The Global Economy Model: Theoretical Framework. By Paolo Pesenti . 243
F4 Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance
Productivity and Global Imbalances: The Role of Nontradable Total Factor Productivity in Advanced Economies. By Pietro Cova, Massimiliano Pisani, Nicoletta Batini, and Alessandro Rebucci . 31
F41 Open Economy Macroeconomics
Exchange Rate Policy Attitudes: Direct Evidence from Survey Data. By J. Lawrence Broz, Jeffry Frieden, and Stephen Weymouth 417
Exchange Rate Transmission into Industry-Level Export Prices: A Tale of Two Policy Regimes in India. By Sushanta Mallick and Helena Marques 83
Estimation of De Facto Exchange Rate Regimes: Synthesis of the Techniques for Inferring Flexibility and Basket Weights. By Jeffrey Frankel and Shang-Jin Wei 384
F42 International Policy
How Does the Global Economic Environment Influence the Demand for IMF Resources? By Selim Elekdağ 624
Modeling Aggregate Use of IMF Resources—Analytical Approaches and Medium-Term Projections. By Atish Ghosh, Manuela Goretti, Bikas Joshi, Alun Thomas, and Juan Zalduendo 1
F43 Economic Growth of Open Economies
A Debt Overhang Model for Low-Income Countries. By Junko Koeda .654
The Effect of External Conditions on Growth in Latin America. By Pär Österholm and Jeromin Zettelmeyer 595
F47 Forecasting and Simulation
The Global Economy Model: Theoretical Framework. By Paolo Pesenti. 243
Oil Price Movements and the Global Economy: A Model-Based Assessment. By Selim Elekdag, Rene Lalonde, Douglas Laxton, Dirk Muir, and Paolo Pesenti 297
Why It Pays to Synchronize Structural Reforms in the Euro Area Across Markets and Countries. By Luc Everaert and Werner Schule . 356
G FINANCIAL ECONOMICS
G1 General Financial Markets
Productivity and Global Imbalances: The Role of Nontradable Total Factor Productivity in Advanced Economies. By Pietro Cova, Massimiliano Pisani, Nicoletta Batini, and Alessandro Rebucci . 31
G13 Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing
Measuring and Analyzing Sovereign Risk with Contingent Claims. By Michael Gapen, Dale Gray, Cheng Hoon Lim, and Yingbin Xiao 109
G14 Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies
Does Transparency Pay? By Rachel Glennerster and Yongseok Shin 183
G15 International Financial Markets
Fear of Declaring: Do Markets Care What Countries Say About Their Exchange Rate Policies? By Adolfo Barajas, Lennart Erickson, and Roberto Steiner 445
Measuring and Analyzing Sovereign Risk with Contingent Claims. By Michael Gapen, Dale Gray, Cheng Hoon Lim, and Yingbin Xiao 109
H PUBLIC ECONOMICS
H2 Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
H20 General
Mortality and Lifetime Income: Evidence from U.S. Social Security Records. By James E. Duggan, Robert Gillingham, and John S. Greenlees 566
H6 National Budget, Deficit, and Debt
H63 Debt; Debt Management
Measuring and Analyzing Sovereign Risk with Contingent Claims. By Michael Gapen, Dale Gray, Cheng Hoon Lim, and Yingbin Xiao 109
I HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE
I3 Welfare and Poverty
I38 Government Policy; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
Mortality and Lifetime Income: Evidence from U.S. Social Security Records. By James E. Duggan, Robert Gillingham, and John S. Greenlees 566
L INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION
L2 Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior
L25 Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope
Informality and Regulations: What Drives the Growth of Firms? By Era Dabla-Norris and Gabriela Inchauste . 50
0 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, AND
GROWTH
01 Economic Development
016 Economic Development: Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance
A Debt Overhang Model for Low-Income Countries. By Junko Koeda .654
Fear of Declaring: Do Markets Care What Countries Say About Their Exchange Rate Policies? By Adolfo Barajas, Lennart Erickson, and Roberto Steiner 445
017 Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements
Informality and Regulations: What Drives the Growth of Firms? By Era Dabla-Norris and Gabriela Inchauste . 50
o2 Development Planning and Policy
o21 Planning Models; Planning Policy
A Debt Overhang Model for Low-Income Countries. By Junko Koeda .654
o4 Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity
o43 Institutions and Growth
Informality and Regulations: What Drives the Growth of Firms? By Era Dabla-Norris and Gabriela Inchauste 50
Q AGRICULTURAL AND NATURAL RESOURCE ECONOMICS; ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
Q0 General
Super Cycles in Real Metals Prices? By John T. Cuddington and Daniel Jerrett 541
P ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
P1 Capitalist Systems
P16 Political Economy
A Micro-Empirical Foundation for the Political Economy of Exchange Rate Populism. By Irineu de Carvalho Filho and Marcos Chamon 481
P2 Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies
P26 Political Economy; Property Rights
Informality and Regulations: What Drives the Growth of Firms? By Era Dabla-Norris and Gabriela Inchauste . 50
P3 Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions
P37 Legal Institutions; Illegal Behavior
Informality and Regulations: What Drives the Growth of Firms? By Era Dabla-Norris and Gabriela Inchauste . 50
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