Abstract
2019 Article IV Consultation-Press Release and Staff Report
Fund Relations
As of May 31, 2019
Membership Status
Joined: September 1990; Article VIII
| General resources account | SDR (million) | Percent of Quota |
|---|---|---|
| Quota | 191.10 | 100.00 |
| Fund holdings of currency | 191.00 | 99.95 |
| Reserve position in Fund | 0.15 | 0.08 |
| General resources account | SDR (million) | Percent of Quota |
|---|---|---|
| Quota | 191.10 | 100.00 |
| Fund holdings of currency | 191.00 | 99.95 |
| Reserve position in Fund | 0.15 | 0.08 |
| SDR Department | SDR (million) | Percent of Quota |
|---|---|---|
| Net cumulative allocation | 130.39 | 100.00 |
| Holdings | 2.39 | 1.83 |
| SDR Department | SDR (million) | Percent of Quota |
|---|---|---|
| Net cumulative allocation | 130.39 | 100.00 |
| Holdings | 2.39 | 1.83 |
Outstanding Purchases and Loans None
Financial Arrangements None
Projected Obligations to Fund
(SDR Million; based on existing use of resources and present holdings of SDRs):
| Forthcoming | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
| Principal | ||||
| Charges/Interest | 0.72 | 1.42 | 1.42 | 1.42 |
| Total | 0.72 | 1.42 | 1.42 | 1.42 |
| Forthcoming | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
| Principal | ||||
| Charges/Interest | 0.72 | 1.42 | 1.42 | 1.42 |
| Total | 0.72 | 1.42 | 1.42 | 1.42 |
Implementation of HIPC Initiative None
Exchange Rate Arrangements. The Namibian dollar is pegged to the South African rand. Namibia accepted the obligations of Article VIII, Section 2, 3, and 4 of the Fund’s Article of Agreement, as of September 20, 1996. In December 2015, the Bank of Namibia suspended an agreement with the Bank of Angola on mutual currency conversion in effect since June 2015 (that exchanged Angolan kwanzas or Namibian dollars to US dollars). Namibia maintains an exchange system free of restrictions on the making of payments and transfers for current international transactions.
Article IV Consultation. Namibia is on a standard 12-month consultation cycle. The last Article IV consultation was concluded by the Executive Board on February 26, 2018.
Technical Assistance, 2014–19
| Department | Dates | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Fiscal Affairs Department (FAD) | May-14 | Customs Administration |
| December-14 | Tax Administration | |
| January-15 | Diagnostic on Revenue Administration | |
| February-15 | Legal framework/Program budgeting | |
| February-15 | PFM Act | |
| April-15 | Customs Administration | |
| April-15 | Legal Framework PFM | |
| June-15 | Tax Administration/Large Taxpayer Unit | |
| September-15 | PFM | |
| October-15 | Cash Management | |
| January-16 | Customs Administration | |
| April-16 | PFM | |
| July-16 | IFMIS | |
| October-16 | Budgeting | |
| February-17 | Revenue Mobilization | |
| May-17 | Budgeting | |
| August-17 | Budgeting | |
| August-17 | Fiscal Reporting (Chart of Accounts and IFMIS) | |
| October-17 | Budgeting | |
| November-17 | Macro-Fiscal forecasting | |
| January-18 | Analysis and management of fiscal risks | |
| July-18 | COA operation in IFMIS, | |
| July-October-18 | Strengthening the budget | |
| September-18 | Risk selectivity criteria | |
| November-18 | Development of a Fiscal Risk Statement | |
| November-18 | Strengthen the MTEF | |
| December-18 | Medium-term strategy for new RA and DRM | |
| January-19 | SOEs fiscal risks | |
| April-19 | Customs Post Clearance Audit | |
| Monetary and Capital Markets Department (MCM) | January-14 | Stress Testing |
| September-14 | Basel II | |
| February-15 | Financial Stability Framework | |
| April-15 | Basel III | |
| June-15 | Macroprudential Framework | |
| April-17 | Non-bank Regulation and Supervision | |
| July-18 | National PFMI | |
| October-18 | Strengthening Insurance Stress | |
| November-18 | Cyber risk and cyber security | |
| December-18 | Strengthening Bank Stress Testing | |
| Statistical Department (STA) | February-14 | National Accounts |
| April-14 | Monetary Statistics | |
| April-14 | Open Data Initiative | |
| July-14 | National Accounts | |
| April-15 | Producer Price Index | |
| April-15 | BOP Statistics | |
| January-16 | GFS Statistics | |
| April-16 | e-GDDS | |
| September-16 | Monetary Statistics | |
| April-17 | Price Statistics | |
| September-17 | Price Statistics | |
| November-17 | National Accounts | |
| February-18 | National Accounts | |
| October-18 | Balance of Payments Statistics | |
| November-18 | National Accounts | |
| February-19 | Government Finance Statistics | |
| March-19 | Consumer Prices/Producer Price | |
| April-19 | National Accounts |
| Department | Dates | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Fiscal Affairs Department (FAD) | May-14 | Customs Administration |
| December-14 | Tax Administration | |
| January-15 | Diagnostic on Revenue Administration | |
| February-15 | Legal framework/Program budgeting | |
| February-15 | PFM Act | |
| April-15 | Customs Administration | |
| April-15 | Legal Framework PFM | |
| June-15 | Tax Administration/Large Taxpayer Unit | |
| September-15 | PFM | |
| October-15 | Cash Management | |
| January-16 | Customs Administration | |
| April-16 | PFM | |
| July-16 | IFMIS | |
| October-16 | Budgeting | |
| February-17 | Revenue Mobilization | |
| May-17 | Budgeting | |
| August-17 | Budgeting | |
| August-17 | Fiscal Reporting (Chart of Accounts and IFMIS) | |
| October-17 | Budgeting | |
| November-17 | Macro-Fiscal forecasting | |
| January-18 | Analysis and management of fiscal risks | |
| July-18 | COA operation in IFMIS, | |
| July-October-18 | Strengthening the budget | |
| September-18 | Risk selectivity criteria | |
| November-18 | Development of a Fiscal Risk Statement | |
| November-18 | Strengthen the MTEF | |
| December-18 | Medium-term strategy for new RA and DRM | |
| January-19 | SOEs fiscal risks | |
| April-19 | Customs Post Clearance Audit | |
| Monetary and Capital Markets Department (MCM) | January-14 | Stress Testing |
| September-14 | Basel II | |
| February-15 | Financial Stability Framework | |
| April-15 | Basel III | |
| June-15 | Macroprudential Framework | |
| April-17 | Non-bank Regulation and Supervision | |
| July-18 | National PFMI | |
| October-18 | Strengthening Insurance Stress | |
| November-18 | Cyber risk and cyber security | |
| December-18 | Strengthening Bank Stress Testing | |
| Statistical Department (STA) | February-14 | National Accounts |
| April-14 | Monetary Statistics | |
| April-14 | Open Data Initiative | |
| July-14 | National Accounts | |
| April-15 | Producer Price Index | |
| April-15 | BOP Statistics | |
| January-16 | GFS Statistics | |
| April-16 | e-GDDS | |
| September-16 | Monetary Statistics | |
| April-17 | Price Statistics | |
| September-17 | Price Statistics | |
| November-17 | National Accounts | |
| February-18 | National Accounts | |
| October-18 | Balance of Payments Statistics | |
| November-18 | National Accounts | |
| February-19 | Government Finance Statistics | |
| March-19 | Consumer Prices/Producer Price | |
| April-19 | National Accounts |
Joint World Bank and IMF Work Program
Namibia: World Bank and IMF Planned Activities
(as of June 2019)
Namibia: World Bank and IMF Planned Activities
(as of June 2019)
| Title | Products | Provisional Timing of Missions | Expected Delivery Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| A. Mutual Information on Relevant Work Programs | |||
| World Bank Work Program |
| First and third quarters of 2019 | Periodic notes and forecasts through 2019 |
| TBD | First semester of 2020 | |
| July 2019 | February 2020 | |
| TBD | TBD | |
| TBD | TBD | |
| IMF Work Program |
| June 2019 | August 2019 |
| 2019 | ||
| 2019 | ||
| 2020 | ||
| 2020 | ||
| 2020 | ||
| 2019 | ||
| 2020 | ||
| 2019 | ||
| 2020 | ||
| B. Requests for Work Program Inputs | |||
| Fund’s requests to Bank | Periodic updates on progress with domestic structural reform agenda, including in context of NDP5, the Industrial Policy Strategy, social protection reviews, the Financial Sector Strategy, and inequality and social programs. | ||
| Bank’s request to the Fund | Periodic updates on macroeconomic/fiscal developments and policies and Fund’s analytical and technical assistance reports provided to the authorities. | ||
Namibia: World Bank and IMF Planned Activities
(as of June 2019)
| Title | Products | Provisional Timing of Missions | Expected Delivery Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| A. Mutual Information on Relevant Work Programs | |||
| World Bank Work Program |
| First and third quarters of 2019 | Periodic notes and forecasts through 2019 |
| TBD | First semester of 2020 | |
| July 2019 | February 2020 | |
| TBD | TBD | |
| TBD | TBD | |
| IMF Work Program |
| June 2019 | August 2019 |
| 2019 | ||
| 2019 | ||
| 2020 | ||
| 2020 | ||
| 2020 | ||
| 2019 | ||
| 2020 | ||
| 2019 | ||
| 2020 | ||
| B. Requests for Work Program Inputs | |||
| Fund’s requests to Bank | Periodic updates on progress with domestic structural reform agenda, including in context of NDP5, the Industrial Policy Strategy, social protection reviews, the Financial Sector Strategy, and inequality and social programs. | ||
| Bank’s request to the Fund | Periodic updates on macroeconomic/fiscal developments and policies and Fund’s analytical and technical assistance reports provided to the authorities. | ||
Statistical Issues
| I. Assessment of Data Adequacy for Surveillance |
| General: Data provision has shortcomings but is broadly adequate for surveillance. The most important shortcomings concern the coverage of fiscal accounts, producer price statistics, and some consistency of external sector statistics. |
| National Accounts: The base year for national accounts (NA) is 2010 and a rebasing is planned for 2019. Quarterly national accounts (QNA) estimates are disseminated on the Namibia Statistics Agency’s (NSA) website, though there is a need to improve its source data and coverage. Plans by the NSA to produce QNA estimates in current prices are ongoing. The NA are produced bi-annually and revised for the past three years. Major revisions for back years such as correction of errors and changes to the economic structure to reflect current economic situations occur at longer intervals. TA in NA resumed in 2017, continued in 2018 and is expected to continue in 2019. |
| Price Statistics: The consumer price index is based on expenditures derived from the 2009/10 Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) and may not be representative of current expenditure patterns. The NSA should update the CPI weights and item basket using the results of the 2015/16 HIES. Assisted by AFRITAC South, the NSA has compiled a producer price index (PPI) on a pilot basis. Labor market data, including labor force, employment, and wages are only collected on a bi-annual basis (the latest annual labor force survey is for 2018). |
| Government Finance Statistics: Annual and monthly budgetary central government data by fiscal year are reported on a cash basis in GFSM 2014 format on the eGDDS NSDP. High discrepancies are common in the fiscal data of the Budgetary Central Government, thus further improvements are needed: data reconciliation of assets and liabilities; consolidation of the general government fiscal data. Monthly or quarterly data should be made available in a timely manner and the authorities are recommended to report debt data to the World Bank’s Public Sector Debt Statistics database. The Fund has been providing assistance to broaden the coverage of fiscal operations accounts. |
| Monetary and Financial Statistics (MFs): The Bank of Namibia (BoN) reports monthly monetary statistics based on standardized report forms (SRFs) for the BoN and Other Depository Corporations (banks and money market funds). Concepts and definitions are broadly in line with the Monetary and Financial Statistics Manual. The BoN has started to report Other Financial Corporations (OFCs) data covering pension funds, insurance companies and the Development Bank since December 2017, and data have been published in the International Financial Statistics. However, timeliness needs improvement. Future work for OFCs should focus on covering asset managers and other remaining OFCs. |
| Financial Soundness Indicators: The BoN reports Financial Soundness Indicators (FSIs) for banks on a quarterly basis for publication on the IMF website. However, FSIs have wide-ranging data quality issues, including aggregation and large unexplained swings. There is no diagnostics of whether the issues are rooted in the quality of the source data and/or compilation methods. FSIs do not cover nonbank financial institutions or other nonfinancial sectors. |
| Balance of Payment and International Investment Position Statistics: The BoN reports balance of payments (BOP) and international investment position (IIP) data on a quarterly basis with a lag of one quarter following the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual, sixth edition (BPM6). The BoN has enhanced the data collection process and incorporated new data sources such as the financial statements of the FDI companies. However, further work is needed to expand the coverage of ESS (e.g., mineral and oil exploration sector and insurance companies) and ensure the consistency across datasets: between the financial statements and FDI data included in the IIP; and between IIP and MFS. Namibia participated for the first time in the Coordinated Direct Investment Survey (CDIS) in 2018. Authorities plan to conduct a detailed reconciliation exercise to identify the reasons for the discrepancies in imports and exports of goods between balance of payments and NA. |
| II. Data Standards and Quality |
| A ROSC (Data Module) for Namibia was published in 2002 and updated in 2005. In June 2016 Namibia implemented the recommendations of the Enhanced General Data Dissemination System (e-GDDS) by launching a National Summary Data Page (NSDP), which serves as a one-stop publication vehicle for essential macroeconomic and financial data in both human and machine-readable formats. The Namibian authorities have committed to follow the data dissemination schedule as provided in their metadata on the IMF’s Data Dissemination Bulletin Board (http://dsbb.imf.org/Pages/GDDS/CtyCtgList.aspx?ctycode=NAM). The authorities are encouraged to make progress through the e-GDDS to higher data standards. |
| III. Reporting to STA |
| The MOF regularly reports annual data for publication in the Government Finance Statistics Yearbook. Work for reporting higher frequency data is ongoing. The BoN also regularly reports MFS, BOP and IIP data for publication in the International Financial Statistics (IFS) and the Balance of Payments Yearbook. |
| I. Assessment of Data Adequacy for Surveillance |
| General: Data provision has shortcomings but is broadly adequate for surveillance. The most important shortcomings concern the coverage of fiscal accounts, producer price statistics, and some consistency of external sector statistics. |
| National Accounts: The base year for national accounts (NA) is 2010 and a rebasing is planned for 2019. Quarterly national accounts (QNA) estimates are disseminated on the Namibia Statistics Agency’s (NSA) website, though there is a need to improve its source data and coverage. Plans by the NSA to produce QNA estimates in current prices are ongoing. The NA are produced bi-annually and revised for the past three years. Major revisions for back years such as correction of errors and changes to the economic structure to reflect current economic situations occur at longer intervals. TA in NA resumed in 2017, continued in 2018 and is expected to continue in 2019. |
| Price Statistics: The consumer price index is based on expenditures derived from the 2009/10 Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) and may not be representative of current expenditure patterns. The NSA should update the CPI weights and item basket using the results of the 2015/16 HIES. Assisted by AFRITAC South, the NSA has compiled a producer price index (PPI) on a pilot basis. Labor market data, including labor force, employment, and wages are only collected on a bi-annual basis (the latest annual labor force survey is for 2018). |
| Government Finance Statistics: Annual and monthly budgetary central government data by fiscal year are reported on a cash basis in GFSM 2014 format on the eGDDS NSDP. High discrepancies are common in the fiscal data of the Budgetary Central Government, thus further improvements are needed: data reconciliation of assets and liabilities; consolidation of the general government fiscal data. Monthly or quarterly data should be made available in a timely manner and the authorities are recommended to report debt data to the World Bank’s Public Sector Debt Statistics database. The Fund has been providing assistance to broaden the coverage of fiscal operations accounts. |
| Monetary and Financial Statistics (MFs): The Bank of Namibia (BoN) reports monthly monetary statistics based on standardized report forms (SRFs) for the BoN and Other Depository Corporations (banks and money market funds). Concepts and definitions are broadly in line with the Monetary and Financial Statistics Manual. The BoN has started to report Other Financial Corporations (OFCs) data covering pension funds, insurance companies and the Development Bank since December 2017, and data have been published in the International Financial Statistics. However, timeliness needs improvement. Future work for OFCs should focus on covering asset managers and other remaining OFCs. |
| Financial Soundness Indicators: The BoN reports Financial Soundness Indicators (FSIs) for banks on a quarterly basis for publication on the IMF website. However, FSIs have wide-ranging data quality issues, including aggregation and large unexplained swings. There is no diagnostics of whether the issues are rooted in the quality of the source data and/or compilation methods. FSIs do not cover nonbank financial institutions or other nonfinancial sectors. |
| Balance of Payment and International Investment Position Statistics: The BoN reports balance of payments (BOP) and international investment position (IIP) data on a quarterly basis with a lag of one quarter following the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual, sixth edition (BPM6). The BoN has enhanced the data collection process and incorporated new data sources such as the financial statements of the FDI companies. However, further work is needed to expand the coverage of ESS (e.g., mineral and oil exploration sector and insurance companies) and ensure the consistency across datasets: between the financial statements and FDI data included in the IIP; and between IIP and MFS. Namibia participated for the first time in the Coordinated Direct Investment Survey (CDIS) in 2018. Authorities plan to conduct a detailed reconciliation exercise to identify the reasons for the discrepancies in imports and exports of goods between balance of payments and NA. |
| II. Data Standards and Quality |
| A ROSC (Data Module) for Namibia was published in 2002 and updated in 2005. In June 2016 Namibia implemented the recommendations of the Enhanced General Data Dissemination System (e-GDDS) by launching a National Summary Data Page (NSDP), which serves as a one-stop publication vehicle for essential macroeconomic and financial data in both human and machine-readable formats. The Namibian authorities have committed to follow the data dissemination schedule as provided in their metadata on the IMF’s Data Dissemination Bulletin Board (http://dsbb.imf.org/Pages/GDDS/CtyCtgList.aspx?ctycode=NAM). The authorities are encouraged to make progress through the e-GDDS to higher data standards. |
| III. Reporting to STA |
| The MOF regularly reports annual data for publication in the Government Finance Statistics Yearbook. Work for reporting higher frequency data is ongoing. The BoN also regularly reports MFS, BOP and IIP data for publication in the International Financial Statistics (IFS) and the Balance of Payments Yearbook. |
Namibia: Common Indicators Required for Surveillance
(As of January 23, 2018)
Daily (D), weekly (W), monthly (M), quarterly (Q), biannual (B), annually (A), irregular (I), and not available (NA).
Reflects the assessment provided in the data ROSC published in September 2005, and based on the findings of the mission that took place from April 13 to 26, 2005, for the data set corresponding to the variable in each row. The assessment indicates whether international standards concerning (respectively) concepts and definitions, scope, classification/sectorization, and basis for recording are fully observed (O), largely observed (LO), largely not observed (LNO), not observed (NO), or not available (NA).
Includes reserve assets pledged or otherwise encumbered as well as net derivative positions.
Both market-based and officially determined, including discount, money market, treasury bill, note, and bond rates.
Foreign, domestic banks, and domestic nonbank financing.
The general government consists of the central government (budgetary funds, extra budgetary funds, and social security funds) and state and local governments.
Including currency and maturity composition.
Namibia: Common Indicators Required for Surveillance
(As of January 23, 2018)
| Date of Latest Observation | Date Received | Frequency of Data 1 | Frequency of Reporting 1 | Frequency of Publication 1 | Memo Items | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Data Quality—Methodological Soundness 2 | Data Quality—Accuracy and Reliability 2 | ||||||
| Exchange rates | May. 2018 | Jun 2019 | D | D | D | ||
| International reserve assets and liabilities of monetary authorities 3 | April 2019 | April 2019 | M | M | M | ||
| International investment position | Q4/ 2018 | Mar. 2019 | Q | Q | Q | ||
| Reserve/base money | April 2019 | Jun 2019 | M | M | M | O, O, LO, LO | O, LO, O, O, O |
| Broad money | April 2019 | Jun 2019 | M | M | M | ||
| Central bank balance sheet | April 2019 | Jun 2019 | M | M | M | ||
| Consolidated balance sheet of the banking system | Nov. 2017 | Jan. 2018 | M | M | M | ||
| Interest rates 4 | 1/15/2018 | 1/15/2018 | D | D | D | ||
| Consumer price index | May. 2019 | Jun. 2019 | M | M | M | ||
| Revenue, expenditure, balance, and composition of financing 5—general government 6 | NA | NA | |||||
| Revenue, expenditure and balance—central government | Q2/2019 | May. 2019 | B | B | B | ||
| Composition of financing4—central government | Q2/2019 | May. 2019 | Q | Q | Q | ||
| Stocks of central government and central government-guaranteed debt 7 | Mar. 2019 | Jun. 2019 | Q | Q | Q | ||
| External current account balance | Q4/ 2018 | Mar. 2019 | Q | Q | Q | ||
| Exports and imports of goods | Q4/ 2018 | Mar. 2019 | Q | Q | Q | ||
| GDP/GNP | Q4/ 2018 | Mar. 2019 | Q | Q | Q | O, O, O, LO | LNO, LO, LO, LO, O |
| Gross external debt | Q4/ 2018 | Mar. 2019 | Q | Q | Q | ||
Daily (D), weekly (W), monthly (M), quarterly (Q), biannual (B), annually (A), irregular (I), and not available (NA).
Reflects the assessment provided in the data ROSC published in September 2005, and based on the findings of the mission that took place from April 13 to 26, 2005, for the data set corresponding to the variable in each row. The assessment indicates whether international standards concerning (respectively) concepts and definitions, scope, classification/sectorization, and basis for recording are fully observed (O), largely observed (LO), largely not observed (LNO), not observed (NO), or not available (NA).
Includes reserve assets pledged or otherwise encumbered as well as net derivative positions.
Both market-based and officially determined, including discount, money market, treasury bill, note, and bond rates.
Foreign, domestic banks, and domestic nonbank financing.
The general government consists of the central government (budgetary funds, extra budgetary funds, and social security funds) and state and local governments.
Including currency and maturity composition.
Namibia: Common Indicators Required for Surveillance
(As of January 23, 2018)
| Date of Latest Observation | Date Received | Frequency of Data 1 | Frequency of Reporting 1 | Frequency of Publication 1 | Memo Items | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Data Quality—Methodological Soundness 2 | Data Quality—Accuracy and Reliability 2 | ||||||
| Exchange rates | May. 2018 | Jun 2019 | D | D | D | ||
| International reserve assets and liabilities of monetary authorities 3 | April 2019 | April 2019 | M | M | M | ||
| International investment position | Q4/ 2018 | Mar. 2019 | Q | Q | Q | ||
| Reserve/base money | April 2019 | Jun 2019 | M | M | M | O, O, LO, LO | O, LO, O, O, O |
| Broad money | April 2019 | Jun 2019 | M | M | M | ||
| Central bank balance sheet | April 2019 | Jun 2019 | M | M | M | ||
| Consolidated balance sheet of the banking system | Nov. 2017 | Jan. 2018 | M | M | M | ||
| Interest rates 4 | 1/15/2018 | 1/15/2018 | D | D | D | ||
| Consumer price index | May. 2019 | Jun. 2019 | M | M | M | ||
| Revenue, expenditure, balance, and composition of financing 5—general government 6 | NA | NA | |||||
| Revenue, expenditure and balance—central government | Q2/2019 | May. 2019 | B | B | B | ||
| Composition of financing4—central government | Q2/2019 | May. 2019 | Q | Q | Q | ||
| Stocks of central government and central government-guaranteed debt 7 | Mar. 2019 | Jun. 2019 | Q | Q | Q | ||
| External current account balance | Q4/ 2018 | Mar. 2019 | Q | Q | Q | ||
| Exports and imports of goods | Q4/ 2018 | Mar. 2019 | Q | Q | Q | ||
| GDP/GNP | Q4/ 2018 | Mar. 2019 | Q | Q | Q | O, O, O, LO | LNO, LO, LO, LO, O |
| Gross external debt | Q4/ 2018 | Mar. 2019 | Q | Q | Q | ||
Daily (D), weekly (W), monthly (M), quarterly (Q), biannual (B), annually (A), irregular (I), and not available (NA).
Reflects the assessment provided in the data ROSC published in September 2005, and based on the findings of the mission that took place from April 13 to 26, 2005, for the data set corresponding to the variable in each row. The assessment indicates whether international standards concerning (respectively) concepts and definitions, scope, classification/sectorization, and basis for recording are fully observed (O), largely observed (LO), largely not observed (LNO), not observed (NO), or not available (NA).
Includes reserve assets pledged or otherwise encumbered as well as net derivative positions.
Both market-based and officially determined, including discount, money market, treasury bill, note, and bond rates.
Foreign, domestic banks, and domestic nonbank financing.
The general government consists of the central government (budgetary funds, extra budgetary funds, and social security funds) and state and local governments.
Including currency and maturity composition.