2019 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Liberia

Abstract

2019 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Liberia

Relations with the Fund

(As of April 30, 2019)

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Latest Financial Arrangements:

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Formerly PRGF.

Projected Payments to Fund

(SDR Million; based on existing use of resources and present holdings of SDRs):

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Delivery of Debt Relief at the Completion Point:

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Implementation of Catastrophe Containment and Relief (CCR):

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Safeguards Assessment

The 2013 and 2015 update safeguards assessments highlighted a weak governance and control environment at the Central Bank of Liberia (CBL). Given the slow pace of reforms, some of the assessment’s key concerns were addressed by program measures including strengthening the CBL’s investment policies, approving the central bank’s financial plan, and establishing an emergency liquidity assistance (ELA) framework. A forensic audit of the First International Bank of Liberia Limited (FIBLL) in 2017 confirmed supervisory and governance failures which led to financial losses at the CBL, and the authorities developed an action plan to address these issues. However, many items in the Action Plan are outstanding and, as an interim measure, semi-annual external audits of foreign currency reserves are being conducted. The other interim measure, being the monthly submission of foreign exchange information to the CBL Board, has not been met. The Governor was subsequently replaced, and a new Board has been in place since 2018 albeit with members on temporary appointment terms. Notwithstanding these developments, new risks have emerged in domestic currency operations, as highlighted in the recent forensic investigation report, and the CBL will need to take fundamental steps to address these. Key remaining recommendations from safeguards assessments include legal amendments to align the CBL Act with best practices, reconciling suspense accounts, strengthening the internal audit function, and enhancing governance and audit and control oversight.

Exchange Rate Arrangement

The currency of Liberia is the Liberian dollar. The U.S. dollar is also legal tender. The de jure exchange rate regime classification is ‘managed floating’. The Central Bank of Liberia (CBL) intervenes in the foreign exchange market to smooth volatility. Since July 2018, the exchange rate has followed a depreciating trend within a 2 percent band against the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, the de facto exchange rate arrangement was reclassified to “crawl-like” from “other managed”, effective July 23, 2018.3 Liberia maintains an exchange rate system that is free of restrictions on payments for current transfers.

Article IV Consultation

The 2018 Article IV consultation was concluded on June 8, 2018. It is recommended that the next Article IV consultation take place on the standard 12-month cycle.

Technical Assistance 2014–19

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Resident Representative

A resident representative has been posted in Monrovia since April 2, 2006. Currently Mr. Oestreicher is in this role since August 1, 2017.

Statistical Issues

(As of April March 28, 2019)

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Enhanced Data Dissemination Initiative (EDDI) phase 2 funded by the UK Department for International Development.

Liberia: Table of Common Indicators Required for Surveillance

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Any reserve assets that are pledged or otherwise encumbered should be specified separately. Also, data should comprise short-term liabilities linked to a foreign currency but settled by other means, as well as the notional values of financial derivatives to pay and to receive foreign currency, including those linked to a foreign currency but settled by other means.

Both market-based and officially-determined, including discount rates, money market rates, rates on treasury bills, notes and bonds.

Foreign, domestic bank, and domestic nonbank financing.

The general government consists of the central government (budgetary funds, extra budgetary funds, and social security funds) and state and local governments.

Including currency and maturity composition.

Includes external gross financial asset and liability positions vis-à-vis nonresidents.

Daily (D); weekly (W); monthly (M); quarterly (Q); annually (A); irregular (I); and not available (NA).

1

Assistance committed under the original framework is expressed in net present value (NPV) terms at the completion point, and assistance committed under the enhanced framework is expressed in NPV terms at the decision point. Hence these two amounts cannot be added.

2

Under the enhanced framework, an additional disbursement is made at the completion point corresponding to interest income earned on the amount committed at the decision point but not disbursed during the interim period.

3

Staff continue to examine if certain features of the exchange system are in compliance with Liberia’s obligations under Article VIII.