Abstract
The fiscal crisis in the Kingdom of Swaziland emanating from a decline in revenue from the Southern African Customs Union and one of the largest public wage bills in sub-Saharan Africa has reached a critical stage. Faced with revenue shortfalls associated with slowing economic activity, uncontrolled public spending, and lack of financing, the authorities continued to deplete central bank reserves and accumulate domestic arrears. The authorities have been able to finance only a minimal amount of expenditure, including wages, utilities, and essential transfers.
RELATIONS WITH THE FUND
As of November 30, 2011
Membership Status
Joined: September 22, 1969; Article VIII
General Resources Account:
| SDR Million | % Quota | |
|---|---|---|
| Quota | 50.70 | 100.00 |
| Fund holdings of currency | 44.15 | 87.07 |
| Reserve position | 6.56 | 12.94 |
| SDR Million | % Quota | |
|---|---|---|
| Quota | 50.70 | 100.00 |
| Fund holdings of currency | 44.15 | 87.07 |
| Reserve position | 6.56 | 12.94 |
SDR Department:
| SDR Million | % Allocation | |
|---|---|---|
| Net cumulative allocation | 48.28 | 100.00 |
| Holdings | 44.41 | 91.98 |
| SDR Million | % Allocation | |
|---|---|---|
| Net cumulative allocation | 48.28 | 100.00 |
| Holdings | 44.41 | 91.98 |
Outstanding Purchases and Loans: None
Latest Financial Arrangements: None
Projected Payments to Fund 1/
(SDR Million; based on existing use of resources and present holdings of SDRs):
When a member has overdue financial obligations outstanding for more than three months, the amount of such arrears will be shown in this section.
| Forthcoming | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | |
| Principal | |||||
| Charges/Interest | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | |
| Total | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | |
When a member has overdue financial obligations outstanding for more than three months, the amount of such arrears will be shown in this section.
| Forthcoming | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | |
| Principal | |||||
| Charges/Interest | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | |
| Total | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | |
When a member has overdue financial obligations outstanding for more than three months, the amount of such arrears will be shown in this section.
Implementation of HIPC Initiative: Not Applicable
Implementation of Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI): Not Applicable
Implementation of Post-Catastrophe Debt Relief (PCDR): Not Applicable
Exchange Rate Arrangements
The lilangeni (plural: emalangeni) is pegged at parity to the South African rand, which—alongside the lilangeni—is also legal tender. The intervention currency is the U.S. dollar; exchange rates for the U.S. dollar are based on the floating middle rate of the South African rand against the U.S. dollar. The rate on December 1, 2011 was E1 = US$0.12239. Swaziland maintains an exchange restriction subject to Fund approval under Article VIII arising from a 50 percent on the provision for advance payments for the import of certain capital goods.
Article IV Consultation
The last Article IV Consultation was concluded on January 10, 2011. Swaziland is on the standard 12-month Article IV Consultation cycle.
Technical assistance
(2006-present)
Swaziland Revenue Authority.
Ministry of Finance.
Technical assistance
(2006-present)
| Department | Purpose | Date of delivery | Beneficiary Agency |
|---|---|---|---|
| AFS | SRA Customs | August 2011 | SRA1 |
| Legal framework and Public Financial Reform | October 2011 | SRA | |
| (PFM) strategy | |||
| FAD | Revenue administration | March 2007 | MoF 2 |
| Modernizing the Ministry of Finance | May 2009 | MoF | |
| Expenditure execution and budget monitoring | February 2010 | MoF | |
| Diagnostic Revenue Administration | January 2011 | SRA | |
| Expenditure management | February 2011 | MoF | |
| Revenue administration | February 2011 | MoF | |
| Public Financial Management | February 2011 | MoF | |
| TPA TTF Module 4 | September-November 2011 | MoF | |
| LEG | Exchange Control Regulations | April 2007 | CBS 3 |
| Exchange Control Regulations | April 2007 | CBS | |
| Follow up on AML/CFT | December 2007 | CBS | |
| MCM | Foreign exchange operations and foreign exchange reserves management | January 2005 | CBS |
| Long-term TA on reserves management | Oct. 2005-April 2006 | CBS | |
| Central bank accounting, central bank | November 2005 | CBS | |
| organization and financial sector supervision | |||
| Supervision of saving and credit cooperatives | April 2007 | CBS | |
| Bank supervision, follow-up | August 2007 | CBS | |
| MCM | Insurance and pension funds supervision | September 2007 | CBS |
| Supervision of insurance companies | November 2007 | CBS | |
| Insurance supervision | January 2008 | CBS | |
| Review Payment System | March 2008 | CBS | |
| April 2008 | CBS | ||
| Monetary operations, bank supervision, and forex | |||
| Insurance supervision | April 2008 | CBS | |
| Insurance supervision | June 2008 | CBS | |
| Insurance supervision | July 2008 | CBS | |
| Insurance supervision | November 2008 | CBS | |
| Insurance supervision | February 2009 | CBS | |
| Payments system Regional Advisor | February 2009 | CBS | |
| Insurance supervision | April-May 2009 | CBS | |
| Strengthening the CBS, including monetary | February 2011 | CBS | |
| and foreign exchange operations, the | |||
| payment system, and banking supervision | |||
| Financial stability issues | November 2011 | CBS | |
| Financial stability frameworks | May 2011 | CBS | |
| STA | National accounts statistics/GDDS Project for | October 2006 | CSO |
| Anglophone Africa | |||
| Balance of payments statistics/GDDS Project | March 2006 | CBS | |
| for Anglophone Africa | |||
| Consumer Prices Index/GDDS Project for | March 2006 | CSO | |
| Anglophone Africa | |||
| Monetary Statistics/GDDS Project for | March 2006 | CBS | |
| Anglophone Africa | |||
| Consumer Prices Index/GDDS Project for | July 2006 | CSO | |
| Anglophone Africa | |||
| Balance of payments statistics and External | November 2006 | CBS | |
| Debt/GDDS Project for Anglophone Africa | |||
| Consumer Prices Index | June 2007 | CSO | |
| National accounts statistics/GDDS Project for | July 2007 | CSO | |
| Anglophone Africa | |||
| Money and Banking Statistics/GDDS Project | November 2007 | CBS | |
| for Anglophone Africa | |||
| Government Finance Statistics/GDDS Project | July 2008 | MoF | |
| for Anglophone Africa | |||
| National Accounts Module mission/GDDS | October 2008 | CSO | |
| Project for Anglophone Africa | |||
| National accounts statistics/GDDS Project for | March 2009 | CSO | |
| Anglophone Africa | |||
| Money and Banking Statistics/GDDS Project | May 2009 | CBS | |
| for Anglophone Africa | |||
| Balance of Payment statistics | September 2010 | CBS | |
| Monetary and Financial Statistics | August 2011 | CBS |
Swaziland Revenue Authority.
Ministry of Finance.
Technical assistance
(2006-present)
| Department | Purpose | Date of delivery | Beneficiary Agency |
|---|---|---|---|
| AFS | SRA Customs | August 2011 | SRA1 |
| Legal framework and Public Financial Reform | October 2011 | SRA | |
| (PFM) strategy | |||
| FAD | Revenue administration | March 2007 | MoF 2 |
| Modernizing the Ministry of Finance | May 2009 | MoF | |
| Expenditure execution and budget monitoring | February 2010 | MoF | |
| Diagnostic Revenue Administration | January 2011 | SRA | |
| Expenditure management | February 2011 | MoF | |
| Revenue administration | February 2011 | MoF | |
| Public Financial Management | February 2011 | MoF | |
| TPA TTF Module 4 | September-November 2011 | MoF | |
| LEG | Exchange Control Regulations | April 2007 | CBS 3 |
| Exchange Control Regulations | April 2007 | CBS | |
| Follow up on AML/CFT | December 2007 | CBS | |
| MCM | Foreign exchange operations and foreign exchange reserves management | January 2005 | CBS |
| Long-term TA on reserves management | Oct. 2005-April 2006 | CBS | |
| Central bank accounting, central bank | November 2005 | CBS | |
| organization and financial sector supervision | |||
| Supervision of saving and credit cooperatives | April 2007 | CBS | |
| Bank supervision, follow-up | August 2007 | CBS | |
| MCM | Insurance and pension funds supervision | September 2007 | CBS |
| Supervision of insurance companies | November 2007 | CBS | |
| Insurance supervision | January 2008 | CBS | |
| Review Payment System | March 2008 | CBS | |
| April 2008 | CBS | ||
| Monetary operations, bank supervision, and forex | |||
| Insurance supervision | April 2008 | CBS | |
| Insurance supervision | June 2008 | CBS | |
| Insurance supervision | July 2008 | CBS | |
| Insurance supervision | November 2008 | CBS | |
| Insurance supervision | February 2009 | CBS | |
| Payments system Regional Advisor | February 2009 | CBS | |
| Insurance supervision | April-May 2009 | CBS | |
| Strengthening the CBS, including monetary | February 2011 | CBS | |
| and foreign exchange operations, the | |||
| payment system, and banking supervision | |||
| Financial stability issues | November 2011 | CBS | |
| Financial stability frameworks | May 2011 | CBS | |
| STA | National accounts statistics/GDDS Project for | October 2006 | CSO |
| Anglophone Africa | |||
| Balance of payments statistics/GDDS Project | March 2006 | CBS | |
| for Anglophone Africa | |||
| Consumer Prices Index/GDDS Project for | March 2006 | CSO | |
| Anglophone Africa | |||
| Monetary Statistics/GDDS Project for | March 2006 | CBS | |
| Anglophone Africa | |||
| Consumer Prices Index/GDDS Project for | July 2006 | CSO | |
| Anglophone Africa | |||
| Balance of payments statistics and External | November 2006 | CBS | |
| Debt/GDDS Project for Anglophone Africa | |||
| Consumer Prices Index | June 2007 | CSO | |
| National accounts statistics/GDDS Project for | July 2007 | CSO | |
| Anglophone Africa | |||
| Money and Banking Statistics/GDDS Project | November 2007 | CBS | |
| for Anglophone Africa | |||
| Government Finance Statistics/GDDS Project | July 2008 | MoF | |
| for Anglophone Africa | |||
| National Accounts Module mission/GDDS | October 2008 | CSO | |
| Project for Anglophone Africa | |||
| National accounts statistics/GDDS Project for | March 2009 | CSO | |
| Anglophone Africa | |||
| Money and Banking Statistics/GDDS Project | May 2009 | CBS | |
| for Anglophone Africa | |||
| Balance of Payment statistics | September 2010 | CBS | |
| Monetary and Financial Statistics | August 2011 | CBS |
Swaziland Revenue Authority.
Ministry of Finance.
BANK-FUND JOINT MANAGEMENT ACTION PLAN
Dates are tentative. Years are calendar years
| Title | Products | Mission Date 1 | Delivery Date 1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Mutual Information on Relevant Work Program | ||||
| The World Bank work program in the next 12 months | Country Strategy Public Payroll Audit Customs Time Release Study Social Safety Net Review Study on Local Economic Impact of FDI Auditing and Accounting ROSC | Consultation Workshop (Q1 2012) Design and implementation (Q1 2012) Implementation (Q1 2012) Implementation (Q1 2012) Implementation (Q1 2012) | Q3 2012 Q3 2012 Q1 2013 Q3 2012 Q3 2012 Q3 2012 | |
| The Fund work program in the next 12 months | African Department 2011 Article IV Consultation | Nov-11 | Jan-12 | |
| Technical Assistance Supervision of non-bank financial institutions PFM bill Revenue Administration follow-up | Multiple missions in 2012 Jan-12 Multiple missions | Dec-12 Mar-12 Mar-12 | ||
| B. Requests for Work Program Inputs | ||||
| Fund request to Bank | Public Expenditure Review (PER) Update | TBC | ||
| Bank request to Fund | Periodic macro updates | (ongoing) | ||
| C. Agreements on Joint Products and Missions | ||||
| Joint products in next 12 months | Support for implementation of PFM Action Plan | Q1 2012 | Q3 2012 | |
Dates are tentative. Years are calendar years
| Title | Products | Mission Date 1 | Delivery Date 1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Mutual Information on Relevant Work Program | ||||
| The World Bank work program in the next 12 months | Country Strategy Public Payroll Audit Customs Time Release Study Social Safety Net Review Study on Local Economic Impact of FDI Auditing and Accounting ROSC | Consultation Workshop (Q1 2012) Design and implementation (Q1 2012) Implementation (Q1 2012) Implementation (Q1 2012) Implementation (Q1 2012) | Q3 2012 Q3 2012 Q1 2013 Q3 2012 Q3 2012 Q3 2012 | |
| The Fund work program in the next 12 months | African Department 2011 Article IV Consultation | Nov-11 | Jan-12 | |
| Technical Assistance Supervision of non-bank financial institutions PFM bill Revenue Administration follow-up | Multiple missions in 2012 Jan-12 Multiple missions | Dec-12 Mar-12 Mar-12 | ||
| B. Requests for Work Program Inputs | ||||
| Fund request to Bank | Public Expenditure Review (PER) Update | TBC | ||
| Bank request to Fund | Periodic macro updates | (ongoing) | ||
| C. Agreements on Joint Products and Missions | ||||
| Joint products in next 12 months | Support for implementation of PFM Action Plan | Q1 2012 | Q3 2012 | |
Dates are tentative. Years are calendar years
STATISTICAL ISSUES
| I. Assessment of Data Adequacy for Surveillance | |
| General: Data provision has some shortcomings, but is broadly adequate for surveillance. Staff’s analysis is affected by shortcomings in the national accounts and the external sector. The authorities provide available data to the Fund with a lag of one to three months, except for the national accounts, international trade data, and the international investment position, which are reported irregularly. | |
| Real sector statistics: STA GDDS missions have resulted in significant improvements in the national accounts. Current and constant price (base = 2000) GDP estimates are now available from both the production and expenditure approaches. These new estimates have not yet been published, as there are still some shortcomings concerning the treatment of Southern African Customs Union revenue. The authorities are planning the first labor force survey with support from the World Bank/GDDS project. The consumer price index was significantly revised in May 2007 in the context of the GDDS initiative, incorporating improvements in compilation methodology, market basket coverage, flexibility for introducing new pricing outlets and new varieties of products, and enhanced processing capabilities. Four new geographical indices, as well as a national index, with updated market basket weights, are now available. Monthly consumer price data are published by the Central Statistical Office (CSO) with a one-month lag. | |
| Monetary and financial statistics: Although some progress was achieved in the reporting of data on the other depository corporations (ODCs), quality problems remained, particularly in the areas of coverage, classification, and sectorization. The majority of the ODCs reported various degrees of difficulty in providing accurate data to the Central Bank of Swaziland (CBS). Furthermore, the institutional coverage of the depository corporations’ survey is limited, as it covers only the CBS and the commercial banks. Recently, the CBS started to include the Swaziland Building Society into the monetary data backdated to December 2006. The credit and savings cooperatives, representing about 8 percent of the deposits of the commercial banks, are still outside the deposit corporations’ survey. | |
| External sector statistics: Annual balance of payments statistics are compiled by the CBS according to a methodology consistent with the fifth edition of the Balance of Payments Manual (BPM5). However, shortcomings in the timeliness and availability of trade data impart a certain degree of uncertainty to external sector statistics and surveillance. The CSO publishes data on foreign trade on a quarterly basis, but the lack of sufficient computer resources results in long lags in the production of trade data, especially regarding imports. Further actions are required to improve the accuracy and reliability of external sector data. | |
| II. Data Standards and Quality | |
| Participant in the General Data Dissemination System (GDDS) since February 11, 2003. | No data ROSC is available. |
| III. Reporting to STA | |
| The CBS reports monetary and financial statistics to STA regularly, although the timeliness of data could be improved. Balance of payments and international investment position data are published in International Financial Statistics(IFS) and in the Balance of Payments Yearbook. | |
| I. Assessment of Data Adequacy for Surveillance | |
| General: Data provision has some shortcomings, but is broadly adequate for surveillance. Staff’s analysis is affected by shortcomings in the national accounts and the external sector. The authorities provide available data to the Fund with a lag of one to three months, except for the national accounts, international trade data, and the international investment position, which are reported irregularly. | |
| Real sector statistics: STA GDDS missions have resulted in significant improvements in the national accounts. Current and constant price (base = 2000) GDP estimates are now available from both the production and expenditure approaches. These new estimates have not yet been published, as there are still some shortcomings concerning the treatment of Southern African Customs Union revenue. The authorities are planning the first labor force survey with support from the World Bank/GDDS project. The consumer price index was significantly revised in May 2007 in the context of the GDDS initiative, incorporating improvements in compilation methodology, market basket coverage, flexibility for introducing new pricing outlets and new varieties of products, and enhanced processing capabilities. Four new geographical indices, as well as a national index, with updated market basket weights, are now available. Monthly consumer price data are published by the Central Statistical Office (CSO) with a one-month lag. | |
| Monetary and financial statistics: Although some progress was achieved in the reporting of data on the other depository corporations (ODCs), quality problems remained, particularly in the areas of coverage, classification, and sectorization. The majority of the ODCs reported various degrees of difficulty in providing accurate data to the Central Bank of Swaziland (CBS). Furthermore, the institutional coverage of the depository corporations’ survey is limited, as it covers only the CBS and the commercial banks. Recently, the CBS started to include the Swaziland Building Society into the monetary data backdated to December 2006. The credit and savings cooperatives, representing about 8 percent of the deposits of the commercial banks, are still outside the deposit corporations’ survey. | |
| External sector statistics: Annual balance of payments statistics are compiled by the CBS according to a methodology consistent with the fifth edition of the Balance of Payments Manual (BPM5). However, shortcomings in the timeliness and availability of trade data impart a certain degree of uncertainty to external sector statistics and surveillance. The CSO publishes data on foreign trade on a quarterly basis, but the lack of sufficient computer resources results in long lags in the production of trade data, especially regarding imports. Further actions are required to improve the accuracy and reliability of external sector data. | |
| II. Data Standards and Quality | |
| Participant in the General Data Dissemination System (GDDS) since February 11, 2003. | No data ROSC is available. |
| III. Reporting to STA | |
| The CBS reports monetary and financial statistics to STA regularly, although the timeliness of data could be improved. Balance of payments and international investment position data are published in International Financial Statistics(IFS) and in the Balance of Payments Yearbook. | |
Swaziland: Table of Common Indicators Required for Surveillance
(As of December 1, 2011)
Any reserve assets that are pledged of otherwise encumbered should be specified separately. Also, data should comprise short-term liabilities linked to a foreign currency but settled by other means, as well as the notional values of financial derivatives to pay and to receive foreign currency, including those linked to a foreign currency but settled by other means.
Both market-based and officially-determined, including discount rates, money market rates, rates on treasury bills, notes, and bonds.
Foreign, domestic bank, and domestic nonbank financing.
Including currency and maturity composition.
Includes external gross financial asset and liability positions vis-à-vis nonresidents.
Daily (D), weekly (W), monthly (M), quarterly (Q), annually (A), irregular (I); and not available (NA).
Swaziland: Table of Common Indicators Required for Surveillance
(As of December 1, 2011)
| Date of latest observation | Date received | Frequency of Data 6 | Frequency of Reporting 6 | Frequency of Publication 6 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exchange Rates | Nov 11 | Nov 11 | M | D | D |
| International Reserve Assets and Reserve Liabilities of the Monetary Authorities 1 | Nov 11 | Nov 11 | W | M | M |
| Reserve/Base Money | Oct 11 | Nov 11 | M | M | M |
| Broad Money | Oct 11 | Nov 11 | M | M | M |
| Central Bank Balance Sheet | Oct 11 | Nov 11 | M | M | M |
| Consolidated Balance Sheet of the Banking System | Oct 11 | Nov 11 | M | M | M |
| Interest Rates 2 | Nov 11 | Nov 11 | M | M | D |
| Consumer Price Index | Oct 11 | Nov 11 | M | M | M |
| Revenue, Expenditure, Balance and Composition of Financing 3–Central Government | Jun 11 | Nov 11 | M | M | M |
| Stocks of Central Government and Central Government-Guaranteed Debt 4 | Jun 11 | Nov 11 | A | A | A |
| External Current Account Balance | Jun 11 | Nov 11 | Q | A | A |
| Exports and Imports of Goods and Services | Jun 11 | Nov 11 | Q | A | A |
| GDP/GNP | 2009 | Sep 10 | A | A 2/ 3/ | A |
| Gross External Debt | 2010 | Mar 11 | A | A | A |
| International Investment Position 5 | 2010 | Nov 11 | A | A | A |
Any reserve assets that are pledged of otherwise encumbered should be specified separately. Also, data should comprise short-term liabilities linked to a foreign currency but settled by other means, as well as the notional values of financial derivatives to pay and to receive foreign currency, including those linked to a foreign currency but settled by other means.
Both market-based and officially-determined, including discount rates, money market rates, rates on treasury bills, notes, and bonds.
Foreign, domestic bank, and domestic nonbank financing.
Including currency and maturity composition.
Includes external gross financial asset and liability positions vis-à-vis nonresidents.
Daily (D), weekly (W), monthly (M), quarterly (Q), annually (A), irregular (I); and not available (NA).
Swaziland: Table of Common Indicators Required for Surveillance
(As of December 1, 2011)
| Date of latest observation | Date received | Frequency of Data 6 | Frequency of Reporting 6 | Frequency of Publication 6 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exchange Rates | Nov 11 | Nov 11 | M | D | D |
| International Reserve Assets and Reserve Liabilities of the Monetary Authorities 1 | Nov 11 | Nov 11 | W | M | M |
| Reserve/Base Money | Oct 11 | Nov 11 | M | M | M |
| Broad Money | Oct 11 | Nov 11 | M | M | M |
| Central Bank Balance Sheet | Oct 11 | Nov 11 | M | M | M |
| Consolidated Balance Sheet of the Banking System | Oct 11 | Nov 11 | M | M | M |
| Interest Rates 2 | Nov 11 | Nov 11 | M | M | D |
| Consumer Price Index | Oct 11 | Nov 11 | M | M | M |
| Revenue, Expenditure, Balance and Composition of Financing 3–Central Government | Jun 11 | Nov 11 | M | M | M |
| Stocks of Central Government and Central Government-Guaranteed Debt 4 | Jun 11 | Nov 11 | A | A | A |
| External Current Account Balance | Jun 11 | Nov 11 | Q | A | A |
| Exports and Imports of Goods and Services | Jun 11 | Nov 11 | Q | A | A |
| GDP/GNP | 2009 | Sep 10 | A | A 2/ 3/ | A |
| Gross External Debt | 2010 | Mar 11 | A | A | A |
| International Investment Position 5 | 2010 | Nov 11 | A | A | A |
Any reserve assets that are pledged of otherwise encumbered should be specified separately. Also, data should comprise short-term liabilities linked to a foreign currency but settled by other means, as well as the notional values of financial derivatives to pay and to receive foreign currency, including those linked to a foreign currency but settled by other means.
Both market-based and officially-determined, including discount rates, money market rates, rates on treasury bills, notes, and bonds.
Foreign, domestic bank, and domestic nonbank financing.
Including currency and maturity composition.
Includes external gross financial asset and liability positions vis-à-vis nonresidents.
Daily (D), weekly (W), monthly (M), quarterly (Q), annually (A), irregular (I); and not available (NA).
SOCIAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS
| Area (sq. km.) | 17,364 | Population Density (per sq. km) | 69 | ||
| Population | Health | ||||
| Total population (million) | 1.2 | ||||
| Population growth rate (percent) | 1.5 | Physicians per thousand people (2004) | 0.2 | ||
| Life expectancy at birth (2009, years) | 48 | Public health expenditure (2008, percent of GDP) | 3.5 | ||
| Infant mortality rate per thousand | 55 | ||||
| Urban Population (percent of total) | 26 | HIV prevalence rate (ages 15-49, 2009) | 25.9 | ||
| Population younger than 15 (percent of total population) | … | ||||
| GDP per capita (US$) | 3,073 | Education | |||
| Access to safe water (2008) | Adult literacy rate (2009, percent) | 87 | |||
| Percent of total population | 69 | Primary school enrollment (2007, percent) | 83 | ||
| Urban | 92 | ||||
| Rural | 61 | ||||
| Poverty Indicators | |||||
| Labor Statistics (thousands) | |||||
| Labor Force (2009) | 453 | Share of income, lowest 20 percent (2001, percent) | 4.5 | ||
| GINI Index (2001) | 50.7 | ||||
| Formal Employment (2006) | 92 | ||||
| Private Sector | 65 | ||||
| Public Sector | 28 | ||||
| Area (sq. km.) | 17,364 | Population Density (per sq. km) | 69 | ||
| Population | Health | ||||
| Total population (million) | 1.2 | ||||
| Population growth rate (percent) | 1.5 | Physicians per thousand people (2004) | 0.2 | ||
| Life expectancy at birth (2009, years) | 48 | Public health expenditure (2008, percent of GDP) | 3.5 | ||
| Infant mortality rate per thousand | 55 | ||||
| Urban Population (percent of total) | 26 | HIV prevalence rate (ages 15-49, 2009) | 25.9 | ||
| Population younger than 15 (percent of total population) | … | ||||
| GDP per capita (US$) | 3,073 | Education | |||
| Access to safe water (2008) | Adult literacy rate (2009, percent) | 87 | |||
| Percent of total population | 69 | Primary school enrollment (2007, percent) | 83 | ||
| Urban | 92 | ||||
| Rural | 61 | ||||
| Poverty Indicators | |||||
| Labor Statistics (thousands) | |||||
| Labor Force (2009) | 453 | Share of income, lowest 20 percent (2001, percent) | 4.5 | ||
| GINI Index (2001) | 50.7 | ||||
| Formal Employment (2006) | 92 | ||||
| Private Sector | 65 | ||||
| Public Sector | 28 | ||||