Burkina Faso: Staff Report for the 2009 Article IV Consultation and Fifth Review Under the Three-Year Arrangement Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility, and Requests for Augmentation of Access and Modification of Performance Criteria—Informational Annex

In 2008–09, economic activity in Burkina Faso was negatively affected by the increase in global food and fuel prices, the global economic and financial crisis, and heavy flooding in Ouagadougou in September 2009. These shocks are estimated to have contributed to a deterioration in poverty indicators. Spending on emergency and humanitarian needs rose after the 2009 flooding. Fiscal stimulus measures were also adopted to support economic activity. Executive Directors have welcomed the authorities’ resolve to enhance revenue performance and expenditure management while unwinding exceptional expenditure generated by adverse exogenous shocks.

Abstract

In 2008–09, economic activity in Burkina Faso was negatively affected by the increase in global food and fuel prices, the global economic and financial crisis, and heavy flooding in Ouagadougou in September 2009. These shocks are estimated to have contributed to a deterioration in poverty indicators. Spending on emergency and humanitarian needs rose after the 2009 flooding. Fiscal stimulus measures were also adopted to support economic activity. Executive Directors have welcomed the authorities’ resolve to enhance revenue performance and expenditure management while unwinding exceptional expenditure generated by adverse exogenous shocks.

I. Relations with the Fund

(As of September 30, 2009)

I. Membership Status: Joined: May 2, 1963; accepted Article VIII in June 1996

II. General Resources Account:

article image

III. SDR Department:

article image

IV. Outstanding Purchases and Loans:

article image

V. Latest Financial Arrangements:

article image

VI. Projected Payments to Fund

(SDR million; based on existing use of resources and present holdings of SDRs):

article image

VII. Implementation of HIPC Initiative:

article image
article image

VIII. Implementation of MDRI Assistance:

article image

II. Debt Relief by Facility (SDR Million)

article image

IX. Safeguards Assessments:

The Central Bank of West African States (BCEAO) is the common central bank of the countries of the West African Economic and Monetary Union, which includes Burkina Faso. The most recent safeguards assessment of the BCEAO was completed on November 4, 2005. The assessment indicated progress has been made in strengthening the bank’s safeguards framework since the 2002 assessment and identified some areas where further steps would help solidify it.

The BCEAO now publishes a full set of audited financial statements and improvements have been made to move financial reporting closer to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Furthermore, an internal audit charter has been put in place, mechanisms for improving risk management have been established, and follow-up on internal and external audit recommendations has been strengthened.

The results of continuous safeguards monitoring indicate that while certain vulnerabilities remain in internal control systems and legal structure, there has been some progress in other areas, including through: (i) improving the external audit process by adopting a multi-year audit program; (ii) establishing an audit committee; (iii) expanding disclosures on financial positions of WAEMU countries with the Fund in the notes to the annual financial statements; and (iv) further strengthening of the effectiveness of the internal audit function.

X. Exchange Rate Arrangement:

Burkina Faso is a member of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) and has no separate legal tender. The union’s common currency, the CFA franc, is pegged to the euro at a rate of CFAF 655.957 = EUR 1, consistent with the official conversions rate of the French franc to the Euro and the previous fixed rate of the CFA franc to the French franc of CFAF 100= F 1. On November 10, 2009, the rate of the CFA franc in terms of SDR was CFAF 702.03 = SDR 1.0. Effective January 1, 2007, the exchange arrangement of the WAEMU countries has been reclassified to the category of conventional pegged arrangement from the category of exchange arrangement with no separate legal tender. The new classification is based on the behavior of the common currency, whereas the previous classification was based on the lack of a separate legal tender. The new classification thus only reflects a definitional change, and is not based on a judgment that there has been a substantive change in the exchange regime or other policies of the currency union or its member. The exchange system is free of restrictions on the making of payments and transfers on current international transactions.

XI. Article IV Consultations:

The periodicity of Burkina Faso’s Article IV consultation is set in accordance with the July 15, 2002 Executive Board Decision on consultation cycles. Discussions on the 2007 Article IV consultation and first review under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) were held during the period September 19–October 4, 2007 in Ouagadougou. The staff report and the Selected Issues and Informational Annex were considered by the Executive Board on January 9, 2008. The next article IV consultation is scheduled for September 2011.

XII. ROSC/AAP:

An FAD mission visited Ouagadougou during May 7–18, 2001 to assist the authorities undertake a draft fiscal module of a Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes (ROSC). The final report, which was issued in July 2002, found that Burkina Faso was making good progress in a number of areas to increase the transparency and accountability of government. Additional efforts are needed to bring a number of improvements to the point of implementation, particularly with regard to expenditure tracking at the local level and external audit functions. Initial discussions indicated that the authorities broadly concurred with the mission assessment. On July 31, 2002, the authorities formally adopted an action plan based on the recommendations of the final ROSC.

An STA mission during May 8–21, 2003 assisted the authorities in preparing a data ROSC. The report was published in March 2004. The mission found that most of the methodologies used in the compilation of macroeconomic statistics are in broad conformity with internationally accepted guidelines. However, most datasets are affected by limited or impaired source data arising from irregularity in the conduct of surveys (national accounts), use of outdated weights (CPI), or low response rate to surveys (balance of payments). For CPI and government finance statistics, data dissemination meets the SDDS requirement, but for other macroeconomic datasets, timeliness falls short of GDDS recommendations. The authorities broadly concurred with the main findings of the mission as well as the recommendations made to address them.

The team, jointly with World Bank staff, also discussed a HIPC Initiative Assessment and Action Plan (AAP) with the authorities. The aim was to assess the capacity of the public expenditure management system to track poverty-reducing public expenditures under the HIPC Initiative and the need for technical assistance to enhance that capacity. The mission secured the officials’ approval of the jointly prepared preliminary assessment; identified the main needs for technical assistance on upgrading the capacity to track such expenditures; and drew up a draft outline action plan. This plan identifies the main needs for further technical assistance to improve tracking of poverty-reducing expenditures. The AAP has been endorsed by the authorities.

XIII. Technical Assistance:

Significant technical assistance has been provided since 1989, more recently especially in the fiscal area:

article image
article image
article image
article image
article image
article image
article image
article image
article image
article image

XIV. Resident Representative:

Ms Isabell Adenauer took up the post of Resident Representative in June 2008.

II. Joint Management Action Plan (JMAP) Implementation

IMF and World Bank Joint Management Action Plan (Update)

article image
article image

III. Statistical Issues

Burkina Faso—Statistical Issues Appendix

As of November 16, 2009

article image

Burkina Faso: Table of Common Indicators Required for Surveillance (November 2009)

article image
article image

Any reserve assets that are pledged or otherwise encumbered should be specified separately. Also, data should comprise short-term liabilities linked to a foreign currency but settled by other means as well as the notional values of financial derivatives to pay and to receive foreign currency, including those linked to a foreign currency but settled by other means.

Both market-based and officially-determined, including discount rates, money market rates, rates on treasury bills, notes and bonds.

Foreign, domestic bank, and domestic nonbank financing.

The general government consists of the central government (budgetary funds, extra budgetary funds, and social security funds) and state and local governments.

Including currency and maturity composition.

Includes external gross financial asset and liability positions vis-á-vis nonresidents.

Daily (D); weekly (W); monthly (M); quarterly (Q); annually (A); irregular (I); and not available (NA)

These columns should only be included for countries for which Data ROSC (or a Substantive Update) has been published.

Reflects the assessment provided in the data ROSC or the Substantive Update (published on March 10, 2004, and based on the findings of the mission that took place during May 8-21, 2003) for the dataset corresponding to the variable in each row. The assessment indicates whether international standards concerning concepts and definitions, scope, classification/sectorization, and basis for recording, respectively, are fully observed (O); largely observed (LO); largely not observed (LNO); not observed (NO); and not available (NA).

Same as footnote 9, except referring to international standards concerning, respectively, source data, assessment of source data, statistical techniques, assessment and validation of intermediate data and statistical outputs, and revision studies.

1

Assistance committed under the original framework is expressed in net present value (NPV) terms at the completion point, and assistance committed under the enhanced framework is expressed in NPV terms at the decision point. Hence, these two amounts cannot be added.

2

Under the enhanced framework, an additional disbursement is made at the completion point corresponding to interest income earned on the amount committed at the decision point, but not disbursed during the interim period.

3

The Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI) provides 100 percent debt relief to eligible member countries that are qualified for the assistance. Grant assistance from the MDRI Trust and HIPC resources provide debt relief to cover the full stock of debt owed to the Fund as of end-2004 that remains outstanding at the time the member qualifies for such debt relief.