Tonga: Statistical Appendix

International Monetary Fund

doi:10.5089/9781451837476.002.A001

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Tonga

Statistical Appendix

Author:

International Monetary Fund

International Monetary Fund
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Publication Date:: 28 Jun 2006

eISBN:: 9781451837476

Language:: English

Keywords:: ISCR; CR; Tonga; asset; net; U.S. dollar; Tonga electric power Board; minimum lending rate; narrow money; primary sector; transfer value

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The statistical data on real gross domestic product, agricultural products, indicators of economic activity, consumer price index, population and labor market of Tonga has been detailed. The data on central government revenue, and current expenditure, national debt, Tonga trust fund, public sector enterprises, monetary survey, accounts of the national reserve bank, bank credit by sector, accounts of the Tonga development bank, interest rate structure, exports by major commodity, imports by commodity, category, and sector, external debt and debt service, and related economic indices have been presented.

Abstract

Table 1.

Tonga: Real Gross Domestic Product by Sector of Origin, 1998/99–2004/05 ^1/

(In 2000/01 prices)

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

^{^1/}Fiscal year begins in July.

Table 1.

Tonga: Real Gross Domestic Product by Sector of Origin, 1998/99–2004/05 ^1/

(In 2000/01 prices)

		1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
					Prel.
		(In millions of pa’anga)
Primary sector
	Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries	60.6	63.9	64.7	66.8	69.3	67.0	65.0
Secondary sector		38.5	38.4	38.8	40.8	41.8	41.4	45.4
	Mining and quarrying	1.0	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.2
	Manufacturing	12.1	11.4	11.5	12.2	12.2	12.9	13.1
	Electricity and water	4.1	4.5	4.6	4.8	5.1	5.4	5.9
	Construction	21.4	21.6	21.8	22.8	23.5	22.0	25.3
Tertiary sector		115.2	123.5	128.1	130.9	135.1	141.2	145.1
	Commerce, restaurants, and hotels	28.7	33.9	34.0	36.2	37.6	40.7	42.1
	Transportation and communications	16.7	17.6	20.3	19.7	20.8	21.4	21.8
	Finance and real estate	24.2	25.4	26.0	26.1	27.2	28.5	30.0
	Government services	30.2	31.1	31.9	32.6	32.8	34.3	34.7
	Entertainment and private services	13.5	13.8	14.0	14.3	14.5	14.7	15.0
	Ownership of dwellings	9.8	10.0	10.1	10.2	10.4	10.5	10.6
	Less: Imputed bank service charge	−8.0	−8.2	−8.2	−8.2	−8.1	−8.9	−9.2
Total GDP at factor costs		214.3	225.8	231.6	238.5	246.2	249.6	255.4
Net indirect taxes		41.0	43.1	44.2	45.6	47.0	47.7	48.8
Total GDP at constant market prices		255.3	269.0	275.8	284.1	293.3	297.3	304.2
		(Percent change)
Primary sector
	Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries	−1.8	5.5	1.2	3.3	3.8	−3.3	−3.0
Secondary sector		10.8	−0.4	1.2	5.0	2.4	−1.0	9.7
	Mining and quarrying	−2.4	−9.7	9.6	9.4	2.5	3.2	8.0
	Manufacturing	16.2	−5.7	0.9	5.8	0.4	5.5	1.5
	Electricity and water	10.5	9.0	3.2	2.6	6.0	7.2	8.0
	Construction	8.7	1.2	0.7	5.0	2.7	−6.4	15.0
Tertiary sector		2.0	7.2	3.7	2.2	3.2	4.5	2.7
	Commerce, restaurants, and hotels	−5.9	17.8	0.3	6.5	4.0	8.3	3.5
	Transportation and communications	13.5	5.5	15.2	−2.8	5.4	3.0	2.0
	Finance and real estate	8.5	5.1	2.4	0.4	4.2	4.7	5.2
	Government services	1.1	2.8	2.7	2.0	0.6	4.7	1.0
	Entertainment and private services	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.8
	Ownership of dwellings	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.4
	Less: Imputed bank service charge	6.4	2.2	0.8	−0.9	−0.7	10.1	3.0
Total GDP at factor costs		2.3	5.4	2.6	3.0	3.2	1.4	2.3
Net indirect taxes		2.3	5.4	2.6	3.0	3.2	1.4	2.3
Total GDP at constant market prices		2.3	5.4	2.6	3.0	3.2	1.4	2.3
Memorandum items:
	GDP deflator	6.5	0.2	3.8	9.4	8.9	5.0	9.5
	GDP at current market prices	9.0	5.6	6.5	12.7	12.4	6.4	12.1

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

^{^1/}Fiscal year begins in July.

Table 1.

Tonga: Real Gross Domestic Product by Sector of Origin, 1998/99–2004/05 ^1/

(In 2000/01 prices)

		1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
					Prel.
		(In millions of pa’anga)
Primary sector
	Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries	60.6	63.9	64.7	66.8	69.3	67.0	65.0
Secondary sector		38.5	38.4	38.8	40.8	41.8	41.4	45.4
	Mining and quarrying	1.0	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.2
	Manufacturing	12.1	11.4	11.5	12.2	12.2	12.9	13.1
	Electricity and water	4.1	4.5	4.6	4.8	5.1	5.4	5.9
	Construction	21.4	21.6	21.8	22.8	23.5	22.0	25.3
Tertiary sector		115.2	123.5	128.1	130.9	135.1	141.2	145.1
	Commerce, restaurants, and hotels	28.7	33.9	34.0	36.2	37.6	40.7	42.1
	Transportation and communications	16.7	17.6	20.3	19.7	20.8	21.4	21.8
	Finance and real estate	24.2	25.4	26.0	26.1	27.2	28.5	30.0
	Government services	30.2	31.1	31.9	32.6	32.8	34.3	34.7
	Entertainment and private services	13.5	13.8	14.0	14.3	14.5	14.7	15.0
	Ownership of dwellings	9.8	10.0	10.1	10.2	10.4	10.5	10.6
	Less: Imputed bank service charge	−8.0	−8.2	−8.2	−8.2	−8.1	−8.9	−9.2
Total GDP at factor costs		214.3	225.8	231.6	238.5	246.2	249.6	255.4
Net indirect taxes		41.0	43.1	44.2	45.6	47.0	47.7	48.8
Total GDP at constant market prices		255.3	269.0	275.8	284.1	293.3	297.3	304.2
		(Percent change)
Primary sector
	Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries	−1.8	5.5	1.2	3.3	3.8	−3.3	−3.0
Secondary sector		10.8	−0.4	1.2	5.0	2.4	−1.0	9.7
	Mining and quarrying	−2.4	−9.7	9.6	9.4	2.5	3.2	8.0
	Manufacturing	16.2	−5.7	0.9	5.8	0.4	5.5	1.5
	Electricity and water	10.5	9.0	3.2	2.6	6.0	7.2	8.0
	Construction	8.7	1.2	0.7	5.0	2.7	−6.4	15.0
Tertiary sector		2.0	7.2	3.7	2.2	3.2	4.5	2.7
	Commerce, restaurants, and hotels	−5.9	17.8	0.3	6.5	4.0	8.3	3.5
	Transportation and communications	13.5	5.5	15.2	−2.8	5.4	3.0	2.0
	Finance and real estate	8.5	5.1	2.4	0.4	4.2	4.7	5.2
	Government services	1.1	2.8	2.7	2.0	0.6	4.7	1.0
	Entertainment and private services	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.8
	Ownership of dwellings	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.4
	Less: Imputed bank service charge	6.4	2.2	0.8	−0.9	−0.7	10.1	3.0
Total GDP at factor costs		2.3	5.4	2.6	3.0	3.2	1.4	2.3
Net indirect taxes		2.3	5.4	2.6	3.0	3.2	1.4	2.3
Total GDP at constant market prices		2.3	5.4	2.6	3.0	3.2	1.4	2.3
Memorandum items:
	GDP deflator	6.5	0.2	3.8	9.4	8.9	5.0	9.5
	GDP at current market prices	9.0	5.6	6.5	12.7	12.4	6.4	12.1

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

^{^1/}Fiscal year begins in July.

Table 2.

Tonga: Agricultural Products Marketed in Tonga, 1998/99–2004/05 ^1/

Sources: Data provided by the Tongan authorities; and Statistical Bulletin Tables D2, D3, and D4.

^{^1/}Data reflect agricultural products sold in Talamahu market.

Table 2.

Tonga: Agricultural Products Marketed in Tonga, 1998/99–2004/05 ^1/

		1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
		(12–month percent change)
Values
	Total	−6.8	−28.0	−48.6	27.3	41.4	−8.2	−13.5
	Root crops	9.8	−33.3	−56.6	22.2	−18.7	35.9	9.5
	Coconuts	−5.4	−0.9	−17.2	39.6	−46.8	−6.0	−13.7
	Bananas	−45.6	−24.9	−55.0	43.4	1.9	25.7	5.0
	Watermelon	−7.7	−7.3	−37.7	44.3	−53.6	123.1	−32.0
	Other fruit	6.2	−40.4	−80.2	228.2	88.6	−14.4	−34.7
	Vegetables	−35.9	−26.6	−30.8	−1.6	406.0	−49.9	−28.4
Volumes
	Total	−19.8	14.1	−54.8	22.3	−16.4	−13.5	0.6
	Root crops	−2.4	20.7	−64.9	0.8	−24.0	5.9	21.4
	Coconuts	−22.9	−14.7	−9.2	108.6	−68.8	−27.3	5.9
	Bananas	−68.5	35.9	−60.4	40.7	−25.3	34.3	24.8
	Watermelon	−20.2	31.2	−41.1	2.6	−57.5	136.8	−35.6
	Other fruit	1.3	−37.8	−65.1	154.6	89.4	−49.7	21.1
	Vegetables	−53.6	−1.6	−43.1	−15.8	358.3	−63.0	−25.4
Unit values
	Total	23.0	−23.0	12.7	154.5	−18.8	33.7	−23.9
	Root crops	18.2	−45.7	21.1	21.7	21.4	17.6	−10.0
	Coconuts	10.2	8.3	7.7	−28.6	40.0	28.6	−16.7
	Bananas	81.0	−31.8	3.3	−3.2	30.0	−10.3	−8.6
	Watermelon	−0.6	−25.7	7.7	28.6	8.3	0.0	5.1
	Other fruit	6.2	−1.6	−3.3	−23.7	35.6	19.7	−24.7
	Vegetables	15.6	−11.9	32.7	−8.7	47.6	8.6	−6.9

Sources: Data provided by the Tongan authorities; and Statistical Bulletin Tables D2, D3, and D4.

^{^1/}Data reflect agricultural products sold in Talamahu market.

Table 2.

Tonga: Agricultural Products Marketed in Tonga, 1998/99–2004/05 ^1/

		1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
		(12–month percent change)
Values
	Total	−6.8	−28.0	−48.6	27.3	41.4	−8.2	−13.5
	Root crops	9.8	−33.3	−56.6	22.2	−18.7	35.9	9.5
	Coconuts	−5.4	−0.9	−17.2	39.6	−46.8	−6.0	−13.7
	Bananas	−45.6	−24.9	−55.0	43.4	1.9	25.7	5.0
	Watermelon	−7.7	−7.3	−37.7	44.3	−53.6	123.1	−32.0
	Other fruit	6.2	−40.4	−80.2	228.2	88.6	−14.4	−34.7
	Vegetables	−35.9	−26.6	−30.8	−1.6	406.0	−49.9	−28.4
Volumes
	Total	−19.8	14.1	−54.8	22.3	−16.4	−13.5	0.6
	Root crops	−2.4	20.7	−64.9	0.8	−24.0	5.9	21.4
	Coconuts	−22.9	−14.7	−9.2	108.6	−68.8	−27.3	5.9
	Bananas	−68.5	35.9	−60.4	40.7	−25.3	34.3	24.8
	Watermelon	−20.2	31.2	−41.1	2.6	−57.5	136.8	−35.6
	Other fruit	1.3	−37.8	−65.1	154.6	89.4	−49.7	21.1
	Vegetables	−53.6	−1.6	−43.1	−15.8	358.3	−63.0	−25.4
Unit values
	Total	23.0	−23.0	12.7	154.5	−18.8	33.7	−23.9
	Root crops	18.2	−45.7	21.1	21.7	21.4	17.6	−10.0
	Coconuts	10.2	8.3	7.7	−28.6	40.0	28.6	−16.7
	Bananas	81.0	−31.8	3.3	−3.2	30.0	−10.3	−8.6
	Watermelon	−0.6	−25.7	7.7	28.6	8.3	0.0	5.1
	Other fruit	6.2	−1.6	−3.3	−23.7	35.6	19.7	−24.7
	Vegetables	15.6	−11.9	32.7	−8.7	47.6	8.6	−6.9

Sources: Data provided by the Tongan authorities; and Statistical Bulletin Tables D2, D3, and D4.

^{^1/}Data reflect agricultural products sold in Talamahu market.

Table 3.

Tonga: Indicators of Economic Activity, 1998/99–2004/05

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

Table 3.

Tonga: Indicators of Economic Activity, 1998/99–2004/05

	1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
Electricity consumed (thousand kw)	29,459	32,127	33,844	36,176	35,907	38,741	41,044
Cement imports (million tons)	9,259	12,533	10,288	11,929	14,682	12,364	12,602
New registrations of motor vehicles (number)	1,327	1,811	1,940	2,007	2,093	1,987	2,015
Retail petrol prices (seniti, end of period)	62	103	117	110	115	151	172
Electricity prices (seniti, end of period)	27	27	38	38	46	46	57
	(12–month percent change)
Electricity consumed	16.2	9.1	5.3	6.9	−0.7	7.9	5.9
Cement imports	−5.2	35.4	−17.9	16.0	23.1	−15.8	1.9
New registrations of motor vehicles	−3.4	36.5	7.1	3.5	4.3	−5.1	1.4
Retail petrol prices	−7.2	65.9	13.8	−6.6	5.0	31.1	13.9
Electricity prices	0.0	0.0	38.9	0.0	21.3	0.0	24.2

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

Table 3.

Tonga: Indicators of Economic Activity, 1998/99–2004/05

	1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
Electricity consumed (thousand kw)	29,459	32,127	33,844	36,176	35,907	38,741	41,044
Cement imports (million tons)	9,259	12,533	10,288	11,929	14,682	12,364	12,602
New registrations of motor vehicles (number)	1,327	1,811	1,940	2,007	2,093	1,987	2,015
Retail petrol prices (seniti, end of period)	62	103	117	110	115	151	172
Electricity prices (seniti, end of period)	27	27	38	38	46	46	57
	(12–month percent change)
Electricity consumed	16.2	9.1	5.3	6.9	−0.7	7.9	5.9
Cement imports	−5.2	35.4	−17.9	16.0	23.1	−15.8	1.9
New registrations of motor vehicles	−3.4	36.5	7.1	3.5	4.3	−5.1	1.4
Retail petrol prices	−7.2	65.9	13.8	−6.6	5.0	31.1	13.9
Electricity prices	0.0	0.0	38.9	0.0	21.3	0.0	24.2

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

Table 4.

Tonga: Tourism Statistics, 1998/99–2004/05

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

^{^1/}Including passengers and crew members.

^{^2/}Sum of air passengers and cruise passengers.

^{^3/}Data from Overseas Exchange Transaction (OET) records.

Table 4.

Tonga: Tourism Statistics, 1998/99–2004/05

		1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
Number of air arrivals		27,709	33,868	33,722	34,918	38,044	40,259	40,131
	(Percent change)	4.1	22.2	−0.4	3.5	9.0	5.8	−0.3
Country of origin
	Australia	4,751	6,045	5,453	5,989	6,885	8,547	7,433
	New Zealand	8,718	10,088	10,674	12,611	13,555	15,023	16,895
	United States	5,341	6,922	7,053	6,972	7,464	7,737	7,459
	Pacific Islands	2,746	3,061	2,797	3,217	3,627	2,455	2,195
	Other	6,153	7,752	7,745	6,129	6,513	6,497	6,149
Country of origin (in percent of total)
	Australia	17.1	17.8	16.2	17.2	18.1	21.2	18.5
	New Zealand	31.5	29.8	31.7	36.1	35.6	37.3	42.1
	United States	19.3	20.4	20.9	20.0	19.6	19.2	18.6
	Pacific Islands	9.9	9.0	8.3	9.2	9.5	6.1	5.5
	Other	22.2	22.9	23.0	17.6	17.1	16.1	15.3
Arrivals on cruise ships ^1/		5,737	5,151	4,976	5,753	6,503	3,309	11,805
Total arrivals ^2/		33,446	39,019	38,698	40,671	44,547	43,568	51,936
	(Percent change)	3.3	16.7	−0.8	5.1	9.5	−2.2	19.2
Tourism receipts (in millions of pa’anga) ^3/		13.0	16.5	12.7	12.4	25.7	30.4	24.4
Average expenditure per visitor (in pa’anga) ^3/		389	423	328	304	576	698	470
	(Percent change)	−11.2	8.7	−22.5	−7.3	89.5	21.2	−32.6

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

^{^1/}Including passengers and crew members.

^{^2/}Sum of air passengers and cruise passengers.

^{^3/}Data from Overseas Exchange Transaction (OET) records.

Table 4.

Tonga: Tourism Statistics, 1998/99–2004/05

		1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
Number of air arrivals		27,709	33,868	33,722	34,918	38,044	40,259	40,131
	(Percent change)	4.1	22.2	−0.4	3.5	9.0	5.8	−0.3
Country of origin
	Australia	4,751	6,045	5,453	5,989	6,885	8,547	7,433
	New Zealand	8,718	10,088	10,674	12,611	13,555	15,023	16,895
	United States	5,341	6,922	7,053	6,972	7,464	7,737	7,459
	Pacific Islands	2,746	3,061	2,797	3,217	3,627	2,455	2,195
	Other	6,153	7,752	7,745	6,129	6,513	6,497	6,149
Country of origin (in percent of total)
	Australia	17.1	17.8	16.2	17.2	18.1	21.2	18.5
	New Zealand	31.5	29.8	31.7	36.1	35.6	37.3	42.1
	United States	19.3	20.4	20.9	20.0	19.6	19.2	18.6
	Pacific Islands	9.9	9.0	8.3	9.2	9.5	6.1	5.5
	Other	22.2	22.9	23.0	17.6	17.1	16.1	15.3
Arrivals on cruise ships ^1/		5,737	5,151	4,976	5,753	6,503	3,309	11,805
Total arrivals ^2/		33,446	39,019	38,698	40,671	44,547	43,568	51,936
	(Percent change)	3.3	16.7	−0.8	5.1	9.5	−2.2	19.2
Tourism receipts (in millions of pa’anga) ^3/		13.0	16.5	12.7	12.4	25.7	30.4	24.4
Average expenditure per visitor (in pa’anga) ^3/		389	423	328	304	576	698	470
	(Percent change)	−11.2	8.7	−22.5	−7.3	89.5	21.2	−32.6

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

^{^1/}Including passengers and crew members.

^{^2/}Sum of air passengers and cruise passengers.

^{^3/}Data from Overseas Exchange Transaction (OET) records.

Table 5.

Tonga: Consumer Price Index, 1998/99–2004/05

(Annual average)

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

^{^1/}Revised on 2002 basis.

Table 5.

Tonga: Consumer Price Index, 1998/99–2004/05

(Annual average)

			Weights ^1/	1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
			(November 2002 =100)
Total			100.0	74.6	78.5	83.9	92.6	102.9	115.0	126.0
	Local component		33.8	83.9	83.3	89.1	96.2	103.9	109.4	123.4
	Imported component		66.2	67.3	74.8	79.8	89.9	102.4	117.9	127.3
		Food	44.4	74.1	74.3	78.1	92.4	103.9	113.2	121.6
		Housing	5.3	84.5	91.7	93.7	98.4	99.9	104.6	116.6
		Household goods	12.0	75.6	79.9	83.9	91.0	101.9	111.2	121.6
		Clothing and footwear	3.4	74.5	79.8	81.0	83.9	99.5	101.3	114.3
		Transportation	14.2	71.1	77.8	92.4	93.3	102.5	111.3	129.3
		Tobacco and alcohol	12.3	66.1	82.5	93.6	96.1	104.7	144.7	157.1
		Miscellaneous	8.4	79.4	87.0	90.0	93.7	101.4	105.3	114.5
			(Percent change)
Total			…	3.9	5.3	6.9	10.4	11.1	11.7	9.5
	Local component		…	5.9	−0.7	7.0	7.9	8.0	5.3	12.8
	Imported component		…	2.1	11.1	6.7	12.7	13.9	15.1	8.0
		Food	…	7.4	0.3	5.0	18.3	12.5	8.9	7.5
		Housing	…	1.6	8.5	2.2	4.9	1.5	4.7	11.5
		Household goods	…	2.8	5.7	5.0	8.5	12.0	9.1	9.4
		Clothing and footwear	…	0.4	7.2	1.4	3.7	18.6	1.8	12.9
		Transportation	…	−4.1	9.4	18.8	1.0	9.8	8.6	16.1
		Tobacco and alcohol	…	−0.1	24.9	13.4	2.7	9.0	38.2	8.5
		Miscellaneous	…	4.5	9.6	3.4	4.1	8.3	3.8	8.7

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

^{^1/}Revised on 2002 basis.

Table 5.

Tonga: Consumer Price Index, 1998/99–2004/05

(Annual average)

			Weights ^1/	1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
			(November 2002 =100)
Total			100.0	74.6	78.5	83.9	92.6	102.9	115.0	126.0
	Local component		33.8	83.9	83.3	89.1	96.2	103.9	109.4	123.4
	Imported component		66.2	67.3	74.8	79.8	89.9	102.4	117.9	127.3
		Food	44.4	74.1	74.3	78.1	92.4	103.9	113.2	121.6
		Housing	5.3	84.5	91.7	93.7	98.4	99.9	104.6	116.6
		Household goods	12.0	75.6	79.9	83.9	91.0	101.9	111.2	121.6
		Clothing and footwear	3.4	74.5	79.8	81.0	83.9	99.5	101.3	114.3
		Transportation	14.2	71.1	77.8	92.4	93.3	102.5	111.3	129.3
		Tobacco and alcohol	12.3	66.1	82.5	93.6	96.1	104.7	144.7	157.1
		Miscellaneous	8.4	79.4	87.0	90.0	93.7	101.4	105.3	114.5
			(Percent change)
Total			…	3.9	5.3	6.9	10.4	11.1	11.7	9.5
	Local component		…	5.9	−0.7	7.0	7.9	8.0	5.3	12.8
	Imported component		…	2.1	11.1	6.7	12.7	13.9	15.1	8.0
		Food	…	7.4	0.3	5.0	18.3	12.5	8.9	7.5
		Housing	…	1.6	8.5	2.2	4.9	1.5	4.7	11.5
		Household goods	…	2.8	5.7	5.0	8.5	12.0	9.1	9.4
		Clothing and footwear	…	0.4	7.2	1.4	3.7	18.6	1.8	12.9
		Transportation	…	−4.1	9.4	18.8	1.0	9.8	8.6	16.1
		Tobacco and alcohol	…	−0.1	24.9	13.4	2.7	9.0	38.2	8.5
		Miscellaneous	…	4.5	9.6	3.4	4.1	8.3	3.8	8.7

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

^{^1/}Revised on 2002 basis.

Table 6.

Tonga: Population and Labor Market, 1998–2005

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

Table 6.

Tonga: Population and Labor Market, 1998–2005

		1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005
		Est.
Total population		99,264	99,821	100,283	100,673	101,002	101,405	101,866	102,371
	Male	50,406	50,731	51,017	51,273	51,474	51,711	51,976	52,262
	Female	48,856	49,088	49,264	49,400	49,528	49,694	49,890	50,109
Employed		…	…	…	…	…	34,560	…	…
	Male	…	…	…	…	…	20,420	…	…
	Female	…	…	…	…	…	14,140	…	…
Full-time government workers		…	…	…	…	…	4,319	…	…
	(In percent of total employees)	…	…	…	…	…	12	…	…
Participation rate		…	…	…	…	…	63.6	…	…
	Male	…	…	…	…	…	74.6	…	…
	Female	…	…	…	…	…	52.7	…	…
Unemployment rate		…	…	…	…	…	5.2	…	…

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

Table 6.

Tonga: Population and Labor Market, 1998–2005

		1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005
		Est.
Total population		99,264	99,821	100,283	100,673	101,002	101,405	101,866	102,371
	Male	50,406	50,731	51,017	51,273	51,474	51,711	51,976	52,262
	Female	48,856	49,088	49,264	49,400	49,528	49,694	49,890	50,109
Employed		…	…	…	…	…	34,560	…	…
	Male	…	…	…	…	…	20,420	…	…
	Female	…	…	…	…	…	14,140	…	…
Full-time government workers		…	…	…	…	…	4,319	…	…
	(In percent of total employees)	…	…	…	…	…	12	…	…
Participation rate		…	…	…	…	…	63.6	…	…
	Male	…	…	…	…	…	74.6	…	…
	Female	…	…	…	…	…	52.7	…	…
Unemployment rate		…	…	…	…	…	5.2	…	…

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

Table 7.

Tonga: Central Government Revenue, 1998/99–2004/05

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

Table 7.

Tonga: Central Government Revenue, 1998/99–2004/05

						1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
											Prel.
						(In millions of pa’anga)
Total revenue and grants						63.3	71.3	78.5	95.2	99.3	111.0	121.3
Total revenue						62.1	70.2	76.1	93.2	96.4	105.9	115.9
	Current revenue					62.1	70.2	76.1	93.2	96.4	105.9	115.9
		Tax revenue				47.1	52.6	54.6	74.5	80.7	86.1	98.4
			Taxes on income profits and capital gains			10.7	10.5	10.0	15.6	15.5	16.3	20.6
			Taxes on property			0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
			Domestic taxes on goods and services			6.4	7.6	8.3	10.0	10.9	12.0	21.4
				Sales tax		5.0	6.0	6.2	7.6	8.1	9.0	18.7
				Other taxes		1.4	1.6	2.1	2.3	2.9	3.0	2.8
			Taxes on international trade and transactions			29.7	34.2	35.8	48.5	53.8	57.2	55.6
				Customs duties		13.6	16.9	18.1	25.0	28.0	30.1	34.2
				Other import charges		16.2	17.3	17.7	23.5	25.8	27.1	21.4
				Other taxes		0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.7
		Nontax revenue				14.9	17.6	21.5	18.7	15.7	19.7	17.6
			Entrepreneurial and property income			3.4	4.8	6.7	5.1	2.9	7.1	3.2
			Administrative fees and charges			10.9	12.0	10.8	12.8	11.5	12.2	13.8
				Of which : Revolving funds		1.9	3.7	3.0	4.3	3.5	3.1	5.4
					Fines and forfeits	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
					Other nontax revenue	0.4	0.5	3.8	0.4	0.9	0.2	0.2
	Capital revenue					0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grants (in cash)						1.3	1.1	2.4	2.0	2.9	5.2	5.3
						(In percent of GDP)
Total revenue and grants						25.8	27.5	28.5	30.6	28.4	29.9	29.1
Total revenue						25.3	27.1	27.6	30.0	27.6	28.5	27.8
	Current revenue					25.3	27.1	27.6	30.0	27.6	28.5	27.8
		Tax revenue				19.2	20.3	19.8	24.0	23.1	23.2	23.6
			Taxes on income profits and capital gains			4.4	4.0	3.6	5.0	4.4	4.4	4.9
			Taxes on property			0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Domestic taxes on goods and services			2.6	2.9	3.0	3.2	3.1	3.2	5.1
				Sales tax		2.0	2.3	2.3	2.5	2.3	2.4	4.5
				Other taxes		0.6	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.7
			Taxes on international trade and transactions			12.1	13.2	13.0	15.6	15.4	15.4	13.3
				Customs duties		5.5	6.5	6.6	8.0	8.0	8.1	8.2
				Other import charges		6.6	6.7	6.4	7.6	7.4	7.3	5.1
				Other taxes		0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2
		Nontax revenue				6.1	6.8	7.8	6.0	4.5	5.3	4.2
			Entrepreneurial and property income			1.4	1.9	2.4	1.7	0.8	1.9	0.8
			Administrative fees and charges			4.4	4.6	3.9	4.1	3.3	3.3	3.3
				Of which : Revolving funds		0.8	1.4	1.1	1.4	1.0	0.8	1.3
					Fines and forfeits	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
					Other nontax revenue	0.2	0.2	1.4	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0
	Capital revenue					0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grants (in cash)						0.5	0.4	0.9	0.7	0.8	1.4	1.3
Memorandum item:
GDP (nominal, in millions of pa’anga)						245.4	259.1	275.8	310.8	349.4	371.9	416.8

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

Table 7.

Tonga: Central Government Revenue, 1998/99–2004/05

						1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
											Prel.
						(In millions of pa’anga)
Total revenue and grants						63.3	71.3	78.5	95.2	99.3	111.0	121.3
Total revenue						62.1	70.2	76.1	93.2	96.4	105.9	115.9
	Current revenue					62.1	70.2	76.1	93.2	96.4	105.9	115.9
		Tax revenue				47.1	52.6	54.6	74.5	80.7	86.1	98.4
			Taxes on income profits and capital gains			10.7	10.5	10.0	15.6	15.5	16.3	20.6
			Taxes on property			0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
			Domestic taxes on goods and services			6.4	7.6	8.3	10.0	10.9	12.0	21.4
				Sales tax		5.0	6.0	6.2	7.6	8.1	9.0	18.7
				Other taxes		1.4	1.6	2.1	2.3	2.9	3.0	2.8
			Taxes on international trade and transactions			29.7	34.2	35.8	48.5	53.8	57.2	55.6
				Customs duties		13.6	16.9	18.1	25.0	28.0	30.1	34.2
				Other import charges		16.2	17.3	17.7	23.5	25.8	27.1	21.4
				Other taxes		0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.7
		Nontax revenue				14.9	17.6	21.5	18.7	15.7	19.7	17.6
			Entrepreneurial and property income			3.4	4.8	6.7	5.1	2.9	7.1	3.2
			Administrative fees and charges			10.9	12.0	10.8	12.8	11.5	12.2	13.8
				Of which : Revolving funds		1.9	3.7	3.0	4.3	3.5	3.1	5.4
					Fines and forfeits	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
					Other nontax revenue	0.4	0.5	3.8	0.4	0.9	0.2	0.2
	Capital revenue					0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grants (in cash)						1.3	1.1	2.4	2.0	2.9	5.2	5.3
						(In percent of GDP)
Total revenue and grants						25.8	27.5	28.5	30.6	28.4	29.9	29.1
Total revenue						25.3	27.1	27.6	30.0	27.6	28.5	27.8
	Current revenue					25.3	27.1	27.6	30.0	27.6	28.5	27.8
		Tax revenue				19.2	20.3	19.8	24.0	23.1	23.2	23.6
			Taxes on income profits and capital gains			4.4	4.0	3.6	5.0	4.4	4.4	4.9
			Taxes on property			0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Domestic taxes on goods and services			2.6	2.9	3.0	3.2	3.1	3.2	5.1
				Sales tax		2.0	2.3	2.3	2.5	2.3	2.4	4.5
				Other taxes		0.6	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.7
			Taxes on international trade and transactions			12.1	13.2	13.0	15.6	15.4	15.4	13.3
				Customs duties		5.5	6.5	6.6	8.0	8.0	8.1	8.2
				Other import charges		6.6	6.7	6.4	7.6	7.4	7.3	5.1
				Other taxes		0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2
		Nontax revenue				6.1	6.8	7.8	6.0	4.5	5.3	4.2
			Entrepreneurial and property income			1.4	1.9	2.4	1.7	0.8	1.9	0.8
			Administrative fees and charges			4.4	4.6	3.9	4.1	3.3	3.3	3.3
				Of which : Revolving funds		0.8	1.4	1.1	1.4	1.0	0.8	1.3
					Fines and forfeits	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
					Other nontax revenue	0.2	0.2	1.4	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0
	Capital revenue					0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grants (in cash)						0.5	0.4	0.9	0.7	0.8	1.4	1.3
Memorandum item:
GDP (nominal, in millions of pa’anga)						245.4	259.1	275.8	310.8	349.4	371.9	416.8

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

Table 8.

Tonga: Central Government Current Expenditure by Economic Classification, 1998/99–2004/05

Sources: Data provided by the Tongan authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Estimated based on the difference between below and above the line data.

Table 8.

Tonga: Central Government Current Expenditure by Economic Classification, 1998/99–2004/05

					1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
										Prel.
					(In millions of pa’anga)
Total expenditure and lending minus repayments					63.9	72.2	82.5	100.0	109.9	107.8	111.2
	Total expenditure				66.6	73.9	77.4	99.4	100.4	108.7	112.3
		Current expenditure			63.4	70.6	70.8	82.2	91.3	101.7	104.1
			Wages and salaries		35.4	37.0	39.9	44.0	44.3	45.7	49.0
			Employer contributions		…	…	2.0	1.7	1.5	1.5	2.4
			Other purchases of goods and services		19.5	24.5	21.0	26.8	32.1	36.7	38.1
			Interest payments		2.3	1.8	1.7	2.3	2.3	3.2	3.8
			Subsidies and other current transfers		6.2	7.3	6.1	5.8	8.9	10.4	8.7
				Subsidies to nonfinancial public enterprises	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.3	2.4	1.8	0.5
				Subsidies to financial institutions	0.8	0.5	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2
				Transfers to nonprofit institutions	2.1	2.6	2.4	1.6	1.7	2.1	2.2
				Transfers to households	2.5	3.2	2.7	2.8	2.6	2.8	3.0
				Transfers abroad	0.8	0.9	0.8	1.2	1.4	0.8	1.1
				Transfers to other enterprises	…	…	…	…	0.6	2.7	1.7
			Transfer value		…	…	…	1.6	2.2	4.1	2.1
		Other expenditures ^1/			…	…	3.4	7.0	0.5	3.1	−2.3
		Capital expenditure			3.2	3.3	2.9	10.2	8.6	3.9	10.5
			Acquisition of fixed capital assets		2.3	1.9	2.2	9.2	7.6	3.7	9.7
			Purchases of land and intangible assets		0.2	0.9	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.2
			Capital transfers		0.6	0.5	0.6	0.9	0.6	0.1	0.6
	Lending minus repayments				−2.7	−1.7	5.4	0.6	9.5	−0.9	−1.1
		Domestic			−2.7	−1.7	5.4	0.6	9.5	−0.9	−1.1
			To non-financial public enterprises		−0.6	−0.8	6.9	0.3	10.7	0.5	0.3
			To financial institutions		−2.1	−0.9	−1.5	0.3	−1.2	−1.5	−1.3
			Other domestic lending minus repayments		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		Abroad			0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
					(In percent of GDP)
Total expenditure and lending minus repayments					26.0	27.9	29.9	32.2	31.4	29.0	26.7
	Total expenditure				27.1	28.5	28.1	32.0	28.7	29.2	26.9
		Current expenditure			25.8	27.2	25.7	26.4	26.1	27.3	25.0
			Wages and salaries		14.4	14.3	14.5	14.2	12.7	12.3	11.8
			Employer contributions		…	…	0.7	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.6
			Other purchases of goods and services		7.9	9.4	7.6	8.6	9.2	9.9	9.1
			Interest payments		0.9	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.9	0.9
			Subsidies and other current transfers		2.5	2.8	2.2	1.9	2.6	2.8	2.1
				Subsidies to nonfinancial public enterprises	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.7	0.5	0.1
				Subsidies to financial institutions	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
				Transfers to nonprofit institutions	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.5
				Transfers to households	1.0	1.2	1.0	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.7
				Transfers abroad	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.2	0.3
				Transfers to other enterprises	…	…	…	…	0.2	0.7	0.4
			Transfer value		…	…	…	0.5	0.6	1.1	0.5
		Other expenditures ^1/			…	…	1.2	2.3	0.1	0.8	−0.6
		Capital expenditure			1.3	1.3	1.1	3.3	2.5	1.0	2.5
			Acquisition of fixed capital assets		1.0	0.7	0.8	3.0	2.2	1.0	2.3
			Purchases of land and intangible assets		0.1	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
			Capital transfers		0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.1
	Lending minus repayments				−1.1	−0.6	2.0	0.2	2.7	−0.3	−0.3
		Domestic			−1.1	−0.6	2.0	0.2	2.7	−0.3	−0.3
			To nonfinancial public enterprises		−0.3	−0.3	2.5	0.1	3.1	0.1	0.1
			To financial institutions		−0.8	−0.3	−0.5	0.1	−0.3	−0.4	−0.3
			Other domestic lending minus repayments		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		Abroad			0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Memorandum item:
GDP (nominal, in millions of pa’anga)					245.4	259.1	275.8	310.8	349.4	371.9	416.8

Sources: Data provided by the Tongan authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Estimated based on the difference between below and above the line data.

Table 8.

Tonga: Central Government Current Expenditure by Economic Classification, 1998/99–2004/05

					1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
										Prel.
					(In millions of pa’anga)
Total expenditure and lending minus repayments					63.9	72.2	82.5	100.0	109.9	107.8	111.2
	Total expenditure				66.6	73.9	77.4	99.4	100.4	108.7	112.3
		Current expenditure			63.4	70.6	70.8	82.2	91.3	101.7	104.1
			Wages and salaries		35.4	37.0	39.9	44.0	44.3	45.7	49.0
			Employer contributions		…	…	2.0	1.7	1.5	1.5	2.4
			Other purchases of goods and services		19.5	24.5	21.0	26.8	32.1	36.7	38.1
			Interest payments		2.3	1.8	1.7	2.3	2.3	3.2	3.8
			Subsidies and other current transfers		6.2	7.3	6.1	5.8	8.9	10.4	8.7
				Subsidies to nonfinancial public enterprises	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.3	2.4	1.8	0.5
				Subsidies to financial institutions	0.8	0.5	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2
				Transfers to nonprofit institutions	2.1	2.6	2.4	1.6	1.7	2.1	2.2
				Transfers to households	2.5	3.2	2.7	2.8	2.6	2.8	3.0
				Transfers abroad	0.8	0.9	0.8	1.2	1.4	0.8	1.1
				Transfers to other enterprises	…	…	…	…	0.6	2.7	1.7
			Transfer value		…	…	…	1.6	2.2	4.1	2.1
		Other expenditures ^1/			…	…	3.4	7.0	0.5	3.1	−2.3
		Capital expenditure			3.2	3.3	2.9	10.2	8.6	3.9	10.5
			Acquisition of fixed capital assets		2.3	1.9	2.2	9.2	7.6	3.7	9.7
			Purchases of land and intangible assets		0.2	0.9	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.2
			Capital transfers		0.6	0.5	0.6	0.9	0.6	0.1	0.6
	Lending minus repayments				−2.7	−1.7	5.4	0.6	9.5	−0.9	−1.1
		Domestic			−2.7	−1.7	5.4	0.6	9.5	−0.9	−1.1
			To non-financial public enterprises		−0.6	−0.8	6.9	0.3	10.7	0.5	0.3
			To financial institutions		−2.1	−0.9	−1.5	0.3	−1.2	−1.5	−1.3
			Other domestic lending minus repayments		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		Abroad			0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
					(In percent of GDP)
Total expenditure and lending minus repayments					26.0	27.9	29.9	32.2	31.4	29.0	26.7
	Total expenditure				27.1	28.5	28.1	32.0	28.7	29.2	26.9
		Current expenditure			25.8	27.2	25.7	26.4	26.1	27.3	25.0
			Wages and salaries		14.4	14.3	14.5	14.2	12.7	12.3	11.8
			Employer contributions		…	…	0.7	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.6
			Other purchases of goods and services		7.9	9.4	7.6	8.6	9.2	9.9	9.1
			Interest payments		0.9	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.9	0.9
			Subsidies and other current transfers		2.5	2.8	2.2	1.9	2.6	2.8	2.1
				Subsidies to nonfinancial public enterprises	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.7	0.5	0.1
				Subsidies to financial institutions	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
				Transfers to nonprofit institutions	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.5
				Transfers to households	1.0	1.2	1.0	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.7
				Transfers abroad	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.2	0.3
				Transfers to other enterprises	…	…	…	…	0.2	0.7	0.4
			Transfer value		…	…	…	0.5	0.6	1.1	0.5
		Other expenditures ^1/			…	…	1.2	2.3	0.1	0.8	−0.6
		Capital expenditure			1.3	1.3	1.1	3.3	2.5	1.0	2.5
			Acquisition of fixed capital assets		1.0	0.7	0.8	3.0	2.2	1.0	2.3
			Purchases of land and intangible assets		0.1	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
			Capital transfers		0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.0	0.1
	Lending minus repayments				−1.1	−0.6	2.0	0.2	2.7	−0.3	−0.3
		Domestic			−1.1	−0.6	2.0	0.2	2.7	−0.3	−0.3
			To nonfinancial public enterprises		−0.3	−0.3	2.5	0.1	3.1	0.1	0.1
			To financial institutions		−0.8	−0.3	−0.5	0.1	−0.3	−0.4	−0.3
			Other domestic lending minus repayments		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		Abroad			0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Memorandum item:
GDP (nominal, in millions of pa’anga)					245.4	259.1	275.8	310.8	349.4	371.9	416.8

Sources: Data provided by the Tongan authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Estimated based on the difference between below and above the line data.

Table 9.

Tonga: National Debt Outstanding, 1997/98–2004/05

Sources: Data provided by the Tongan authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

Table 9.

Tonga: National Debt Outstanding, 1997/98–2004/05

					1997/98	1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
											Prel.
					(In millions of pa’anga; end of period)
Total debt					110.7	119.7	126.0	175.9	202.3	230.7	224.6	209.2
	Total domestic debt				30.2	27.8	30.6	64.2	70.2	87.6	73.7	61.5
		Bank loans			2.5	2.4	0.0	0.0	1.0	6.0	5.1	4.0
		Bonds on issue			12.0	11.0	13.9	18.9	20.9	26.2	26.2	25.4
		Government-guaranteed debt			15.7	14.4	16.7	17.5	22.0	26.1	19.2	11.6
		Retirement transfer preserved accounts			…	…	…	27.8	26.3	29.3	23.2	20.5
	Total external debt				80.5	91.9	95.4	111.7	132.1	143.1	150.9	147.7
			Bilateral		16.9	14.3	12.7	18.5	22.0	26.0	23.9	23.2
				France	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
				Germany	16.9	14.3	12.7	12.8	12.1	11.1	8.8	8.5
				United Kingdom	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
				China	0.0	0.0	0.0	5.7	10.0	14.9	15.1	14.7
			Multilateral		58.0	72.8	78.7	93.2	110.1	117.1	127.0	124.5
				Asian Development Bank	44.5	54.3	59.6	72.2	87.1	89.3	97.3	91.3
				European Investment Bank	2.1	2.0	1.7	0.6	1.6	0.7	1.9	1.2
				International Development Association	6.3	6.7	7.0	8.2	8.6	13.8	15.3	20.4
				International Fund for Agricultural Development	5.1	9.8	10.4	12.2	12.8	13.2	12.5	11.6
			Commercial loans		5.6	4.8	4.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
					(In millions of U.S. dollars; end of period)
Total debt					73.7	75.2	74.7	81.8	93.9	107.4	112.2	108.2
	Total domestic debt				20.1	17.5	18.1	29.8	32.6	40.8	36.8	31.8
	Total external debt				53.6	57.7	56.5	51.9	61.3	66.6	75.4	76.4
					(In percent of GDP; end of period)
Total debt					44.1	48.5	47.2	57.7	65.9	67.5	61.6	50.3
	Total domestic debt				12.0	11.3	11.5	21.1	22.9	25.6	20.2	14.8
	Total external debt				32.1	37.2	35.7	36.7	43.0	41.8	41.4	35.5
Memorandum items:
	Pa’anga per U.S. dollar (end of period)				1.5	1.6	1.7	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.0	1.9
	GDP (in millions of U.S. dollar)				167.2	155.1	158.1	141.6	142.6	159.2	182.1	215.1

Sources: Data provided by the Tongan authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

Table 9.

Tonga: National Debt Outstanding, 1997/98–2004/05

					1997/98	1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
											Prel.
					(In millions of pa’anga; end of period)
Total debt					110.7	119.7	126.0	175.9	202.3	230.7	224.6	209.2
	Total domestic debt				30.2	27.8	30.6	64.2	70.2	87.6	73.7	61.5
		Bank loans			2.5	2.4	0.0	0.0	1.0	6.0	5.1	4.0
		Bonds on issue			12.0	11.0	13.9	18.9	20.9	26.2	26.2	25.4
		Government-guaranteed debt			15.7	14.4	16.7	17.5	22.0	26.1	19.2	11.6
		Retirement transfer preserved accounts			…	…	…	27.8	26.3	29.3	23.2	20.5
	Total external debt				80.5	91.9	95.4	111.7	132.1	143.1	150.9	147.7
			Bilateral		16.9	14.3	12.7	18.5	22.0	26.0	23.9	23.2
				France	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
				Germany	16.9	14.3	12.7	12.8	12.1	11.1	8.8	8.5
				United Kingdom	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
				China	0.0	0.0	0.0	5.7	10.0	14.9	15.1	14.7
			Multilateral		58.0	72.8	78.7	93.2	110.1	117.1	127.0	124.5
				Asian Development Bank	44.5	54.3	59.6	72.2	87.1	89.3	97.3	91.3
				European Investment Bank	2.1	2.0	1.7	0.6	1.6	0.7	1.9	1.2
				International Development Association	6.3	6.7	7.0	8.2	8.6	13.8	15.3	20.4
				International Fund for Agricultural Development	5.1	9.8	10.4	12.2	12.8	13.2	12.5	11.6
			Commercial loans		5.6	4.8	4.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
					(In millions of U.S. dollars; end of period)
Total debt					73.7	75.2	74.7	81.8	93.9	107.4	112.2	108.2
	Total domestic debt				20.1	17.5	18.1	29.8	32.6	40.8	36.8	31.8
	Total external debt				53.6	57.7	56.5	51.9	61.3	66.6	75.4	76.4
					(In percent of GDP; end of period)
Total debt					44.1	48.5	47.2	57.7	65.9	67.5	61.6	50.3
	Total domestic debt				12.0	11.3	11.5	21.1	22.9	25.6	20.2	14.8
	Total external debt				32.1	37.2	35.7	36.7	43.0	41.8	41.4	35.5
Memorandum items:
	Pa’anga per U.S. dollar (end of period)				1.5	1.6	1.7	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.0	1.9
	GDP (in millions of U.S. dollar)				167.2	155.1	158.1	141.6	142.6	159.2	182.1	215.1

Sources: Data provided by the Tongan authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

Table 10.

Tonga: Tonga Trust Fund, 1998/99–2004/05

(In millions of pa’anga)

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

^{^1/}Auditing accounts combine 2000/01 and 2001/02 into 2000/02.

^{^2/}The adjustments are made to the cash account to reflect the revaluation adjustments from previous years and the loss stemming from the liquidation of the U.S. investments in 2002.

^{^3/}Investments overseas declined to zero in 2000/01 due to mismanagement.

^{^4/}Provisional.

Table 10.

Tonga: Tonga Trust Fund, 1998/99–2004/05

(In millions of pa’anga)

		1998/99	1999/00	2000/02 ^1/	2002/03	2003/04 ^4/	2004/05 ^4/
Opening balance		33.5	52.0	62.9	6.9	1.7	0.1
Proceeds		11.7	3.9	1.5	0.2	0.0	1.8
	Local collections and other	0.3	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.0
	Overseas collections and interest earned	8.3	3.8	1.1	0.1	0.0	1.8
	Tongasat	3.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Drawdown		1.6	3.2	45.6	5.5	1.6	0.1
	Advances to government of Tonga	0.3	1.0	2.1	0.4	0.1	0.0
	Other expenditure	1.3	2.2	43.5	5.1	1.5	0.1
Prior year adjustments ^2/		…	…	−9.9	…	…
Revaluation adjustment		8.4	10.2	−2.0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Closing balance		52.0	62.9	6.9	1.7	0.1	1.8
	Invested overseas ^3/	43.9	46.5	0.0	1.7	0.0	1.8
	Deposited in Tonga	1.2	1.2	0.4	0.0	0.1	0.0
	Unclassified	6.9	15.2	6.5	0.0	0.0	0.0

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

^{^1/}Auditing accounts combine 2000/01 and 2001/02 into 2000/02.

^{^2/}The adjustments are made to the cash account to reflect the revaluation adjustments from previous years and the loss stemming from the liquidation of the U.S. investments in 2002.

^{^3/}Investments overseas declined to zero in 2000/01 due to mismanagement.

^{^4/}Provisional.

Table 10.

Tonga: Tonga Trust Fund, 1998/99–2004/05

(In millions of pa’anga)

		1998/99	1999/00	2000/02 ^1/	2002/03	2003/04 ^4/	2004/05 ^4/
Opening balance		33.5	52.0	62.9	6.9	1.7	0.1
Proceeds		11.7	3.9	1.5	0.2	0.0	1.8
	Local collections and other	0.3	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.0
	Overseas collections and interest earned	8.3	3.8	1.1	0.1	0.0	1.8
	Tongasat	3.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Drawdown		1.6	3.2	45.6	5.5	1.6	0.1
	Advances to government of Tonga	0.3	1.0	2.1	0.4	0.1	0.0
	Other expenditure	1.3	2.2	43.5	5.1	1.5	0.1
Prior year adjustments ^2/		…	…	−9.9	…	…
Revaluation adjustment		8.4	10.2	−2.0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Closing balance		52.0	62.9	6.9	1.7	0.1	1.8
	Invested overseas ^3/	43.9	46.5	0.0	1.7	0.0	1.8
	Deposited in Tonga	1.2	1.2	0.4	0.0	0.1	0.0
	Unclassified	6.9	15.2	6.5	0.0	0.0	0.0

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

^{^1/}Auditing accounts combine 2000/01 and 2001/02 into 2000/02.

^{^2/}The adjustments are made to the cash account to reflect the revaluation adjustments from previous years and the loss stemming from the liquidation of the U.S. investments in 2002.

^{^3/}Investments overseas declined to zero in 2000/01 due to mismanagement.

^{^4/}Provisional.

Table 11.

Tonga: Public Sector Enterprises

(As of March 2006)

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

Table 11.

Tonga: Public Sector Enterprises

(As of March 2006)

Organization			Government ownership (percent)	Turnover latest year (T$ million)	Comments
Companies
	International Dateline Hotel (IDH)		100	…	Holding Janfull International Dateline Hotel (49%).
	Leiola Duty Free		75	3.3	In the process of privatization.
	Royal Tongan Airlines		99	20.0	Liquidated.
	Sea Star Fishing Company Limited		70	2.1	In the process of privatization.
	Shipping Corporation of Polynesia Limited		100	1.2
		Domestic	…	…
		Fua Kavenga	…	…
		Management coy	…	…
	Tonga Communications Corporation		100	23.5	International & domestic telecommunications
	Tongan Corporation		100	0.1
	Tonga Investment Limited (TIL)		100	5.9	In the process of privatization.
		Frisco Hardware Limited	…	…
		Homegas Limited	…	…
		Primary Produce Export Limited	…	…
	Tongatapu Machinery Pool Limited		100	1.3
	Tonga Timber Limited		100	3.1
Statutory Bodies
	Tonga Broadcasting Commission		100	1.4	Provides broadcasting services.
	Tonga Electric Power Board		100	13.3	Regulates the power sector.
	Tonga Ports Authority		100	4.4	Operates and manages ports.
	Tonga Water Board		100	3.4	Operates and manages water supply.
Banks
	Tonga Development Bank		100	8.4
	Westpac Bank of Tonga		40	…
Trading Activities
	Export Produce Treatment Services Ltd. (MAF)		100	…
	Machinery Pool (MAF)		100	…
	Quarries (MOW)		100	…
	Printing Department (PMO)		100	…	Corporatized in January 2005
	Small Industries Centre (MLCI)		100	…
	Survey Operations (MLSNR)		100	…
	Talamahu Market (MAF)		100	…	In the process of corporatization.
	Tonga Post Office (MOF)		100	…	Delayed corporatization, originally scheduled for
					July 2005
	Government Store		100	…

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

Table 11.

Tonga: Public Sector Enterprises

(As of March 2006)

Organization			Government ownership (percent)	Turnover latest year (T$ million)	Comments
Companies
	International Dateline Hotel (IDH)		100	…	Holding Janfull International Dateline Hotel (49%).
	Leiola Duty Free		75	3.3	In the process of privatization.
	Royal Tongan Airlines		99	20.0	Liquidated.
	Sea Star Fishing Company Limited		70	2.1	In the process of privatization.
	Shipping Corporation of Polynesia Limited		100	1.2
		Domestic	…	…
		Fua Kavenga	…	…
		Management coy	…	…
	Tonga Communications Corporation		100	23.5	International & domestic telecommunications
	Tongan Corporation		100	0.1
	Tonga Investment Limited (TIL)		100	5.9	In the process of privatization.
		Frisco Hardware Limited	…	…
		Homegas Limited	…	…
		Primary Produce Export Limited	…	…
	Tongatapu Machinery Pool Limited		100	1.3
	Tonga Timber Limited		100	3.1
Statutory Bodies
	Tonga Broadcasting Commission		100	1.4	Provides broadcasting services.
	Tonga Electric Power Board		100	13.3	Regulates the power sector.
	Tonga Ports Authority		100	4.4	Operates and manages ports.
	Tonga Water Board		100	3.4	Operates and manages water supply.
Banks
	Tonga Development Bank		100	8.4
	Westpac Bank of Tonga		40	…
Trading Activities
	Export Produce Treatment Services Ltd. (MAF)		100	…
	Machinery Pool (MAF)		100	…
	Quarries (MOW)		100	…
	Printing Department (PMO)		100	…	Corporatized in January 2005
	Small Industries Centre (MLCI)		100	…
	Survey Operations (MLSNR)		100	…
	Talamahu Market (MAF)		100	…	In the process of corporatization.
	Tonga Post Office (MOF)		100	…	Delayed corporatization, originally scheduled for
					July 2005
	Government Store		100	…

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

Table 12.

Tonga: Monetary Survey, 1998/99–2004/05

Sources: National Reserve Bank of Tonga; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Nonmonetary financial institutions (NMFI) include TDB and TTF.

Table 12.

Tonga: Monetary Survey, 1998/99–2004/05

			1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
			(In millions of pa’anga; end of period)
Net foreign assets			34.4	26.9	32.8	33.5	31.3	85.6	77.2
	Foreign assets		39.7	32.0	46.5	44.6	49.2	109.3	91.8
	Foreign liabilities		−5.3	−5.1	−13.8	−11.1	−17.9	−23.8	−14.6
Net domestic assets			55.3	70.3	90.3	99.1	119.2	92.8	122.9
	Net domestic credits		79.5	89.2	119.1	130.2	151.3	131.8	165.5
		Government	1.4	0.8	4.3	−5.6	1.6	−10.7	−26.3
		Non-financial public enterprises	1.5	2.3	5.4	9.5	12.2	11.1	6.4
		Private sector	80.8	86.5	107.9	125.2	138.6	133.4	189.9
		Non-monetary financial institutions ^1/	−4.2	−0.3	1.5	1.2	−1.1	−1.9	−4.5
	Other items (net)		−24.2	−18.9	−28.8	−31.1	−32.2	−39.1	−42.6
Total domestic liquidity (M2)			89.7	97.2	123.0	132.7	150.5	178.5	200.1
	Narrow money (M1)		24.7	27.8	33.0	42.4	51.6	65.8	68.7
		Currency outside banks	7.3	8.0	10.4	11.9	12.9	15.2	14.9
		Demand deposits	17.3	19.8	22.6	30.4	38.8	50.6	53.8
	Quasi money		65.0	69.4	90.0	90.3	98.9	112.7	131.4
		Savings deposits	24.0	24.6	31.2	36.8	36.7	34.8	38.1
		Term deposits	36.9	40.8	42.5	46.7	46.9	64.3	85.1
		Foreign currency accounts	4.2	4.0	16.3	6.8	15.2	13.5	8.1
			(12–month percent change)
Net foreign assets			110.2	−21.8	21.8	2.3	−6.6	173.3	−9.8
	Foreign assets		52.0	−19.3	45.4	−4.2	10.3	122.3	−16.0
	Foreign liabilities		−45.4	−3.3	169.6	−19.7	61.6	33.0	−38.5
Net domestic assets			−9.9	27.1	28.4	9.8	20.2	−22.1	32.5
	Private sector		2.2	7.0	24.8	16.0	10.7	−3.8	42.4
Total domestic liquidity (M2)			15.0	8.4	26.6	7.8	13.4	18.6	12.1
	Narrow money (M1)		16.0	12.7	18.7	28.4	21.9	27.5	4.4
	Quasi money		14.7	6.7	29.8	0.3	9.5	14.0	16.6
			(In millions of U.S. dollars; end of period)
Net foreign assets			21.6	15.9	15.2	15.6	14.6	42.7	39.9
	Foreign assets		24.9	19.0	21.6	20.7	22.9	54.6	47.5
	Foreign liabilities		−3.3	−3.0	−6.4	−5.1	−8.3	−11.9	−7.6
Memorandum items:
	Velocity (GDP/average M2)		2.7	2.7	2.2	2.3	2.3	2.1	2.1
	Exchange rate (pa’anga per U.S. dollar; end period)		1.6	1.7	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.0	1.9

Sources: National Reserve Bank of Tonga; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Nonmonetary financial institutions (NMFI) include TDB and TTF.

Table 12.

Tonga: Monetary Survey, 1998/99–2004/05

			1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
			(In millions of pa’anga; end of period)
Net foreign assets			34.4	26.9	32.8	33.5	31.3	85.6	77.2
	Foreign assets		39.7	32.0	46.5	44.6	49.2	109.3	91.8
	Foreign liabilities		−5.3	−5.1	−13.8	−11.1	−17.9	−23.8	−14.6
Net domestic assets			55.3	70.3	90.3	99.1	119.2	92.8	122.9
	Net domestic credits		79.5	89.2	119.1	130.2	151.3	131.8	165.5
		Government	1.4	0.8	4.3	−5.6	1.6	−10.7	−26.3
		Non-financial public enterprises	1.5	2.3	5.4	9.5	12.2	11.1	6.4
		Private sector	80.8	86.5	107.9	125.2	138.6	133.4	189.9
		Non-monetary financial institutions ^1/	−4.2	−0.3	1.5	1.2	−1.1	−1.9	−4.5
	Other items (net)		−24.2	−18.9	−28.8	−31.1	−32.2	−39.1	−42.6
Total domestic liquidity (M2)			89.7	97.2	123.0	132.7	150.5	178.5	200.1
	Narrow money (M1)		24.7	27.8	33.0	42.4	51.6	65.8	68.7
		Currency outside banks	7.3	8.0	10.4	11.9	12.9	15.2	14.9
		Demand deposits	17.3	19.8	22.6	30.4	38.8	50.6	53.8
	Quasi money		65.0	69.4	90.0	90.3	98.9	112.7	131.4
		Savings deposits	24.0	24.6	31.2	36.8	36.7	34.8	38.1
		Term deposits	36.9	40.8	42.5	46.7	46.9	64.3	85.1
		Foreign currency accounts	4.2	4.0	16.3	6.8	15.2	13.5	8.1
			(12–month percent change)
Net foreign assets			110.2	−21.8	21.8	2.3	−6.6	173.3	−9.8
	Foreign assets		52.0	−19.3	45.4	−4.2	10.3	122.3	−16.0
	Foreign liabilities		−45.4	−3.3	169.6	−19.7	61.6	33.0	−38.5
Net domestic assets			−9.9	27.1	28.4	9.8	20.2	−22.1	32.5
	Private sector		2.2	7.0	24.8	16.0	10.7	−3.8	42.4
Total domestic liquidity (M2)			15.0	8.4	26.6	7.8	13.4	18.6	12.1
	Narrow money (M1)		16.0	12.7	18.7	28.4	21.9	27.5	4.4
	Quasi money		14.7	6.7	29.8	0.3	9.5	14.0	16.6
			(In millions of U.S. dollars; end of period)
Net foreign assets			21.6	15.9	15.2	15.6	14.6	42.7	39.9
	Foreign assets		24.9	19.0	21.6	20.7	22.9	54.6	47.5
	Foreign liabilities		−3.3	−3.0	−6.4	−5.1	−8.3	−11.9	−7.6
Memorandum items:
	Velocity (GDP/average M2)		2.7	2.7	2.2	2.3	2.3	2.1	2.1
	Exchange rate (pa’anga per U.S. dollar; end period)		1.6	1.7	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.0	1.9

Sources: National Reserve Bank of Tonga; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Nonmonetary financial institutions (NMFI) include TDB and TTF.

Table 13.

Tonga: Accounts of the National Reserve Bank of Tonga, 1998/99–2004/05

Sources: National Reserve Bank of Tonga; and Fund staff estimates.

Table 13.

Tonga: Accounts of the National Reserve Bank of Tonga, 1998/99–2004/05

				1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
				(In millions of pa’anga; end of period)
Net foreign assets				33.7	25.8	25.4	39.3	36.7	88.9	78.9
	Foreign assets			34.1	26.2	25.8	39.6	36.9	89.7	82.1
	Foreign liabilities			−0.5	−0.5	−0.4	−0.2	−0.2	−0.8	−3.2
Net domestic assets				−11.8	−0.1	7.0	1.3	2.4	−9.7	−23.5
	Net domestic credit			−0.1	0.2	10.2	0.1	1.1	−13.2	−25.0
		Net claims on government		−0.1	0.2	1.4	−3.5	−2.7	−13.2	−25.0
			Claims on government	5.5	5.4	14.2	14.1	17.4	16.8	9.5
			Deposits from government	−5.6	−5.2	−12.8	−17.6	−20.1	−30.0	−34.5
		Net claims on financial institution		0.0	0.0	8.8	3.6	3.8	0.0	0.0
	Other items (net)			−11.7	−0.3	−3.2	1.2	1.2	3.5	1.5
Reserve money				21.9	25.6	32.4	40.6	39.1	79.2	55.4
	Currency on issue			9.3	10.2	13.1	15.2	17.0	17.2	18.5
	Required reserves			11.6	12.5	18.3	20.5	21.1	25.8	30.1
	Other bank deposits			1.0	2.9	1.0	5.0	1.0	36.2	6.9
				(In millions of U.S. dollars; end of period)
Net foreign assets				21.1	15.3	11.8	18.3	17.1	44.4	40.8
	Foreign assets			21.4	15.6	12.0	18.4	17.2	44.8	42.5
	Foreign liabilities			−0.3	−0.3	−0.2	−0.1	−0.1	−0.4	−1.7
Memorandum items:
	Money multiplier (M2/Reserve Money)			4.1	3.8	3.8	3.3	3.8	2.3	3.6
	Exchange rate (pa’anga per U.S. dollar; end period)			1.6	1.7	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.0	1.9

Sources: National Reserve Bank of Tonga; and Fund staff estimates.

Table 13.

Tonga: Accounts of the National Reserve Bank of Tonga, 1998/99–2004/05

				1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
				(In millions of pa’anga; end of period)
Net foreign assets				33.7	25.8	25.4	39.3	36.7	88.9	78.9
	Foreign assets			34.1	26.2	25.8	39.6	36.9	89.7	82.1
	Foreign liabilities			−0.5	−0.5	−0.4	−0.2	−0.2	−0.8	−3.2
Net domestic assets				−11.8	−0.1	7.0	1.3	2.4	−9.7	−23.5
	Net domestic credit			−0.1	0.2	10.2	0.1	1.1	−13.2	−25.0
		Net claims on government		−0.1	0.2	1.4	−3.5	−2.7	−13.2	−25.0
			Claims on government	5.5	5.4	14.2	14.1	17.4	16.8	9.5
			Deposits from government	−5.6	−5.2	−12.8	−17.6	−20.1	−30.0	−34.5
		Net claims on financial institution		0.0	0.0	8.8	3.6	3.8	0.0	0.0
	Other items (net)			−11.7	−0.3	−3.2	1.2	1.2	3.5	1.5
Reserve money				21.9	25.6	32.4	40.6	39.1	79.2	55.4
	Currency on issue			9.3	10.2	13.1	15.2	17.0	17.2	18.5
	Required reserves			11.6	12.5	18.3	20.5	21.1	25.8	30.1
	Other bank deposits			1.0	2.9	1.0	5.0	1.0	36.2	6.9
				(In millions of U.S. dollars; end of period)
Net foreign assets				21.1	15.3	11.8	18.3	17.1	44.4	40.8
	Foreign assets			21.4	15.6	12.0	18.4	17.2	44.8	42.5
	Foreign liabilities			−0.3	−0.3	−0.2	−0.1	−0.1	−0.4	−1.7
Memorandum items:
	Money multiplier (M2/Reserve Money)			4.1	3.8	3.8	3.3	3.8	2.3	3.6
	Exchange rate (pa’anga per U.S. dollar; end period)			1.6	1.7	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.0	1.9

Sources: National Reserve Bank of Tonga; and Fund staff estimates.

Table 14.

Tonga: Consolidated Accounts of Deposit Money Banks, 1998/99–2004/05

(In millions of pa’anga; end of period)

Sources: National Reserve Bank of Tonga; and Fund staff estimates.

Table 14.

Tonga: Consolidated Accounts of Deposit Money Banks, 1998/99–2004/05

(In millions of pa’anga; end of period)

					1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
Net foreign assets					0.8	1.1	7.3	−5.8	−5.4	−3.4	−1.7
	Foreign assets				5.6	5.7	20.7	5.0	12.2	19.6	9.7
	Foreign liabilities				−4.8	−4.7	−13.4	−10.8	−17.6	−23.0	−11.4
Net domestic assets					89.2	92.7	107.9	127.8	146.2	168.5	191.4
	Net domestic credit				85.8	92.4	119.2	134.5	157.1	146.9	195.0
		Net claims on government			1.5	0.6	2.9	−2.1	4.3	2.5	−1.3
			Claims on government		10.0	9.6	8.6	9.2	10.3	10.0	8.6
			Deposits from government		−8.5	−9.0	−5.7	−11.3	−6.0	−7.5	−9.9
		Claims on nonfinancial public entities			1.5	2.3	5.4	9.5	12.2	11.1	6.4
		Claims on private sector			80.8	86.5	107.9	125.2	138.6	133.4	189.9
		Claims on NMFI			2.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	2.0	0.0	0.0
	Other items (net)				3.4	0.3	−11.3	−6.8	−11.0	21.6	−3.6
	Of which:
		Claims on central bank			34.4	25.7	21.5	27.4	24.5	61.9	39.2
			Reserves		14.1	16.9	21.5	27.4	24.5	61.9	39.2
				Cash in vault	1.9	2.1	2.7	3.2	4.1	2.0	3.6
				Deposits at NRBT	12.2	14.8	18.8	24.2	20.4	59.9	35.6
			NRBT Notes		20.2	8.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		Capital and reserves			−32.2	−27.6	−36.9	−41.1	−43.6	−48.4	−45.5
Total deposits					97.1	101.5	119.9	132.9	146.7	172.7	199.5
	Demand deposits				24.7	28.0	41.0	46.5	58.3	69.7	69.7
	Savings deposits				24.0	24.6	31.2	36.8	36.9	35.1	38.3
	Time deposits				48.4	48.8	46.6	49.6	51.6	67.9	91.5

Sources: National Reserve Bank of Tonga; and Fund staff estimates.

Table 14.

Tonga: Consolidated Accounts of Deposit Money Banks, 1998/99–2004/05

(In millions of pa’anga; end of period)

					1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
Net foreign assets					0.8	1.1	7.3	−5.8	−5.4	−3.4	−1.7
	Foreign assets				5.6	5.7	20.7	5.0	12.2	19.6	9.7
	Foreign liabilities				−4.8	−4.7	−13.4	−10.8	−17.6	−23.0	−11.4
Net domestic assets					89.2	92.7	107.9	127.8	146.2	168.5	191.4
	Net domestic credit				85.8	92.4	119.2	134.5	157.1	146.9	195.0
		Net claims on government			1.5	0.6	2.9	−2.1	4.3	2.5	−1.3
			Claims on government		10.0	9.6	8.6	9.2	10.3	10.0	8.6
			Deposits from government		−8.5	−9.0	−5.7	−11.3	−6.0	−7.5	−9.9
		Claims on nonfinancial public entities			1.5	2.3	5.4	9.5	12.2	11.1	6.4
		Claims on private sector			80.8	86.5	107.9	125.2	138.6	133.4	189.9
		Claims on NMFI			2.0	3.0	3.0	2.0	2.0	0.0	0.0
	Other items (net)				3.4	0.3	−11.3	−6.8	−11.0	21.6	−3.6
	Of which:
		Claims on central bank			34.4	25.7	21.5	27.4	24.5	61.9	39.2
			Reserves		14.1	16.9	21.5	27.4	24.5	61.9	39.2
				Cash in vault	1.9	2.1	2.7	3.2	4.1	2.0	3.6
				Deposits at NRBT	12.2	14.8	18.8	24.2	20.4	59.9	35.6
			NRBT Notes		20.2	8.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		Capital and reserves			−32.2	−27.6	−36.9	−41.1	−43.6	−48.4	−45.5
Total deposits					97.1	101.5	119.9	132.9	146.7	172.7	199.5
	Demand deposits				24.7	28.0	41.0	46.5	58.3	69.7	69.7
	Savings deposits				24.0	24.6	31.2	36.8	36.9	35.1	38.3
	Time deposits				48.4	48.8	46.6	49.6	51.6	67.9	91.5

Sources: National Reserve Bank of Tonga; and Fund staff estimates.

Table 15.

Tonga: Bank Credit by Sector, 1998/99–2004/05

Source: National Reserve Bank of Tonga, Quarterly Bulletin, Table B6 and B7.

^{^1/}Excludes holdings of government securities.

Table 15.

Tonga: Bank Credit by Sector, 1998/99–2004/05

			1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
Commercial banks
			(In millions of pa’anga; end of period)
	Central government ^1/		2.9	0.5	0.1	0.1	4.9	3.7	2.4
	Public enterprises		1.5	2.3	5.4	9.5	12.2	11.1	6.4
	Private sector		80.7	86.4	107.9	125.2	138.6	133.4	189.9
		Agriculture	2.7	4.8	6.7	9.8	7.9	7.6	10.4
		Industry and trade	30.5	37.1	53.2	61.0	71.3	51.5	64.2
		Housing	31.7	28.4	33.6	34.0	41.7	46.4	81.6
		Personal	15.3	13.6	13.4	20.2	17.5	27.6	33.3
		Other	0.5	2.4	0.9	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.3
	Total		85.1	89.2	133.4	134.6	155.7	148.1	198.6
			(Percent change)
	Private sector		2.2	7.0	24.9	16.0	10.7	−3.8	42.4
		Agriculture	0.6	77.2	38.7	46.6	−18.9	−4.6	37.7
		Industry and trade	8.5	21.6	43.6	14.6	16.9	−27.7	24.5
		Housing	−2.3	−10.5	18.4	1.0	22.6	11.4	75.9
		Personal	0.2	−11.0	−1.8	50.7	−13.2	57.6	20.4
		Other	12.9	406.0	−65.1	−82.4	−21.3	8.5	119.5
	Total		3.5	4.8	49.5	1.0	15.6	−4.8	34.1
Tonga Development Bank
			(In millions of pa’anga; end of period)
	Central government		1.7	2.0	1.6	0.2	1.2	1.2	7.6
	Public enterprises		0.9	1.1	1.0	0.8	0.3	2.2	2.2
	Private sector		35.2	34.3	33.9	37.4	44.6	41.9	37.0
		Agriculture	14.7	13.0	11.7	13.3	16.8	16.5	14.9
		Industry and trade	12.8	10.9	9.5	9.4	10.4	7.5	6.2
		Other	7.7	10.4	12.7	14.7	17.4	17.9	15.9
	Total		37.8	37.4	36.5	38.3	46.0	45.2	46.8
			(Percent change)
	Private sector		−20.1	−2.6	−1.0	10.2	19.4	−6.1	−11.7
		Agriculture	−24.4	−11.6	−9.8	13.7	26.1	−1.5	−9.5
		Industry and trade	−18.4	−14.9	−13.0	−1.2	11.2	−28.1	−17.6
		Other	−13.7	34.8	22.5	15.3	18.2	2.9	−11.3
	Total		−19.5	−1.1	−2.4	5.0	20.1	−1.7	3.4

Source: National Reserve Bank of Tonga, Quarterly Bulletin, Table B6 and B7.

^{^1/}Excludes holdings of government securities.

Table 15.

Tonga: Bank Credit by Sector, 1998/99–2004/05

			1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
Commercial banks
			(In millions of pa’anga; end of period)
	Central government ^1/		2.9	0.5	0.1	0.1	4.9	3.7	2.4
	Public enterprises		1.5	2.3	5.4	9.5	12.2	11.1	6.4
	Private sector		80.7	86.4	107.9	125.2	138.6	133.4	189.9
		Agriculture	2.7	4.8	6.7	9.8	7.9	7.6	10.4
		Industry and trade	30.5	37.1	53.2	61.0	71.3	51.5	64.2
		Housing	31.7	28.4	33.6	34.0	41.7	46.4	81.6
		Personal	15.3	13.6	13.4	20.2	17.5	27.6	33.3
		Other	0.5	2.4	0.9	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.3
	Total		85.1	89.2	133.4	134.6	155.7	148.1	198.6
			(Percent change)
	Private sector		2.2	7.0	24.9	16.0	10.7	−3.8	42.4
		Agriculture	0.6	77.2	38.7	46.6	−18.9	−4.6	37.7
		Industry and trade	8.5	21.6	43.6	14.6	16.9	−27.7	24.5
		Housing	−2.3	−10.5	18.4	1.0	22.6	11.4	75.9
		Personal	0.2	−11.0	−1.8	50.7	−13.2	57.6	20.4
		Other	12.9	406.0	−65.1	−82.4	−21.3	8.5	119.5
	Total		3.5	4.8	49.5	1.0	15.6	−4.8	34.1
Tonga Development Bank
			(In millions of pa’anga; end of period)
	Central government		1.7	2.0	1.6	0.2	1.2	1.2	7.6
	Public enterprises		0.9	1.1	1.0	0.8	0.3	2.2	2.2
	Private sector		35.2	34.3	33.9	37.4	44.6	41.9	37.0
		Agriculture	14.7	13.0	11.7	13.3	16.8	16.5	14.9
		Industry and trade	12.8	10.9	9.5	9.4	10.4	7.5	6.2
		Other	7.7	10.4	12.7	14.7	17.4	17.9	15.9
	Total		37.8	37.4	36.5	38.3	46.0	45.2	46.8
			(Percent change)
	Private sector		−20.1	−2.6	−1.0	10.2	19.4	−6.1	−11.7
		Agriculture	−24.4	−11.6	−9.8	13.7	26.1	−1.5	−9.5
		Industry and trade	−18.4	−14.9	−13.0	−1.2	11.2	−28.1	−17.6
		Other	−13.7	34.8	22.5	15.3	18.2	2.9	−11.3
	Total		−19.5	−1.1	−2.4	5.0	20.1	−1.7	3.4

Source: National Reserve Bank of Tonga, Quarterly Bulletin, Table B6 and B7.

^{^1/}Excludes holdings of government securities.

Table 16.

Tonga: Accounts of the Tonga Development Bank, 1998/99–2004/05

(In millions of pa’anga; end of period)

Sources: National Reserve Bank of Tonga; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Direct borrowing by NMFI from foreign sources. Some exchange risk is assumed by the government.

^{^2/}Represents borrowing by the government from foreign sources for onlending to NMFI. Exchange risk is assumed by the government.

Table 16.

Tonga: Accounts of the Tonga Development Bank, 1998/99–2004/05

(In millions of pa’anga; end of period)

			1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
Assets
	Reserves		2.3	1.3	1.3	2.0	2.2	1.9	2.3
	Deposits at deposit money banks		4.0	1.9	0.7	0.0	2.4	2.9	7.0
	Domestic credits to non-financial sector		38.1	37.5	36.5	38.4	46.0	45.2	46.8
		Government	1.7	2.0	1.6	0.2	1.2	1.2	7.6
		Non-financial public enterprises	0.9	1.1	1.0	0.8	0.3	2.2	2.2
		Private sector	35.4	34.4	33.9	37.4	44.6	41.9	37.0
	Other assets		11.0	9.6	9.1	9.3	8.5	9.3	9.9
Liabilities and capital
Foreign borrowing ^1/			3.5	3.8	3.0	2.7	1.8	1.8	0.9
TDB bonds and notes			10.3	11.6	12.4	14.6	22.6	21.9	26.5
	Held by government		3.6	3.5	2.2	3.0	3.3	4.9	6.4
	Held by banks		2.0	1.5	3.0	2.0	2.0	0.0	0.0
	Held by others		4.7	6.6	7.2	9.5	17.3	16.9	20.1
Government lending funds ^2/			13.9	14.8	12.6	10.4	9.4	7.6	6.8
Liabilities to deposit money banks			0.4	0.7	0.6	1.0	1.4	2.0	3.6
Liabilities to NRBT			0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other liabilities			2.5	3.2	1.7	1.0	0.9	1.2	1.1
Capital and reserves			24.4	16.1	17.1	19.8	22.8	24.3	26.6

Sources: National Reserve Bank of Tonga; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Direct borrowing by NMFI from foreign sources. Some exchange risk is assumed by the government.

^{^2/}Represents borrowing by the government from foreign sources for onlending to NMFI. Exchange risk is assumed by the government.

Table 16.

Tonga: Accounts of the Tonga Development Bank, 1998/99–2004/05

(In millions of pa’anga; end of period)

			1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
Assets
	Reserves		2.3	1.3	1.3	2.0	2.2	1.9	2.3
	Deposits at deposit money banks		4.0	1.9	0.7	0.0	2.4	2.9	7.0
	Domestic credits to non-financial sector		38.1	37.5	36.5	38.4	46.0	45.2	46.8
		Government	1.7	2.0	1.6	0.2	1.2	1.2	7.6
		Non-financial public enterprises	0.9	1.1	1.0	0.8	0.3	2.2	2.2
		Private sector	35.4	34.4	33.9	37.4	44.6	41.9	37.0
	Other assets		11.0	9.6	9.1	9.3	8.5	9.3	9.9
Liabilities and capital
Foreign borrowing ^1/			3.5	3.8	3.0	2.7	1.8	1.8	0.9
TDB bonds and notes			10.3	11.6	12.4	14.6	22.6	21.9	26.5
	Held by government		3.6	3.5	2.2	3.0	3.3	4.9	6.4
	Held by banks		2.0	1.5	3.0	2.0	2.0	0.0	0.0
	Held by others		4.7	6.6	7.2	9.5	17.3	16.9	20.1
Government lending funds ^2/			13.9	14.8	12.6	10.4	9.4	7.6	6.8
Liabilities to deposit money banks			0.4	0.7	0.6	1.0	1.4	2.0	3.6
Liabilities to NRBT			0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other liabilities			2.5	3.2	1.7	1.0	0.9	1.2	1.1
Capital and reserves			24.4	16.1	17.1	19.8	22.8	24.3	26.6

Sources: National Reserve Bank of Tonga; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Direct borrowing by NMFI from foreign sources. Some exchange risk is assumed by the government.

^{^2/}Represents borrowing by the government from foreign sources for onlending to NMFI. Exchange risk is assumed by the government.

Table 17.

Tonga: Interest Rate Structure, 1998/99–2004/05

(In percent per annum; end of period)

Sources: Data provided by the Tongan authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Minimum lending rate was raised to 5.4 percent in June 1995 and to 7 percent in December 1995.

^{^2/}The NRBT notes were introduced in April 1993. Prior to that, the NRBT had long-term deposits from the BOT. The NRBT notes has been discontinued since March 2001.

^{^3/}Base rate is the lowest rate charged.

^{^4/}For loans to export-oriented industries, manufacturing and raw materials processing, and tourism activities except restaurants.

^{^5/}Loans less than T$1,000 for activity in agriculture, fisheries, and livestock.

^{^6/}Average rate for saving and time deposits minus average inflation.

^{^7/}Based on lending rate for personal housing and average rate on saving and deposit rate.

^{^8/}Statutory reserve requirements (introduced March 1993) were 5 percent and raised to 10 percent in December 1995, to 12 percent in September 1998, and to 15 percent in September 2000. They are not remunerated.

Table 17.

Tonga: Interest Rate Structure, 1998/99–2004/05

(In percent per annum; end of period)

			1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
National Reserve Bank of Tonga (NRBT)
	Minimum lending rate ^1/		9.0	9.0	9.0	12.0	12.0	12.0	12.0
	Reserve Bank notes (3 months) ^2/		3.6	3.6	3.6	3.6	…	…	…
	Reserve Bank notes (1 month) ^2/		3.5	3.5	3.5	3.5	…	…	…
Commercial bank deposits
	Saving deposits		3.4	3.2	3.1	3.1	3.2	3.2	3.3
	Time deposits
		3-months	5.1	5.0	5.0	5.1	5.1	5.4	5.6
		6-months	5.5	5.4	5.4	5.5	5.5	5.8	5.9
		12-months	6.2	6.0	5.9	6.0	6.0	6.3	6.3
		24-months	6.4	6.2	6.2	6.3	6.3	6.6	6.4
		36-months	6.5	6.3	6.5	6.8	6.8	6.9	6.5
		48-months	7.2	7.2	6.7	7.0	7.0	7.0	6.3
	Average rate on all savings and time deposits		5.5	4.8	4.8	4.7	4.6	5.1	5.2
Commercial bank loans
	Base rate ^3/		9.0	9.0	9.0	9.0	9.0	9.5	9.0
	Personal housing		10.0	10.0	10.5	10.5	10.4	10.4	10.3
Tonga Development Bank loans
	Small-scale subsistence ^4/		10.5	10.5	10.5	10.5	10.5	10.5	10.5
	High priority loans ^5/		10.5	10.5	10.5	10.5	10.0	10.0	10.0
	Maximum rate		14.5	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.5	15.5
Memorandum items:
	Real interest rate ^6/		1.8	0.3	−1.3	−4.7	−5.4	−5.9	−3.8
	Spread lending and deposit rate ^7/		4.3	4.4	4.9	4.8	4.7	4.5	4.5
	Reserve requirement ^8/		12.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0

Sources: Data provided by the Tongan authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Minimum lending rate was raised to 5.4 percent in June 1995 and to 7 percent in December 1995.

^{^2/}The NRBT notes were introduced in April 1993. Prior to that, the NRBT had long-term deposits from the BOT. The NRBT notes has been discontinued since March 2001.

^{^3/}Base rate is the lowest rate charged.

^{^4/}For loans to export-oriented industries, manufacturing and raw materials processing, and tourism activities except restaurants.

^{^5/}Loans less than T$1,000 for activity in agriculture, fisheries, and livestock.

^{^6/}Average rate for saving and time deposits minus average inflation.

^{^7/}Based on lending rate for personal housing and average rate on saving and deposit rate.

Table 17.

Tonga: Interest Rate Structure, 1998/99–2004/05

(In percent per annum; end of period)

			1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
National Reserve Bank of Tonga (NRBT)
	Minimum lending rate ^1/		9.0	9.0	9.0	12.0	12.0	12.0	12.0
	Reserve Bank notes (3 months) ^2/		3.6	3.6	3.6	3.6	…	…	…
	Reserve Bank notes (1 month) ^2/		3.5	3.5	3.5	3.5	…	…	…
Commercial bank deposits
	Saving deposits		3.4	3.2	3.1	3.1	3.2	3.2	3.3
	Time deposits
		3-months	5.1	5.0	5.0	5.1	5.1	5.4	5.6
		6-months	5.5	5.4	5.4	5.5	5.5	5.8	5.9
		12-months	6.2	6.0	5.9	6.0	6.0	6.3	6.3
		24-months	6.4	6.2	6.2	6.3	6.3	6.6	6.4
		36-months	6.5	6.3	6.5	6.8	6.8	6.9	6.5
		48-months	7.2	7.2	6.7	7.0	7.0	7.0	6.3
	Average rate on all savings and time deposits		5.5	4.8	4.8	4.7	4.6	5.1	5.2
Commercial bank loans
	Base rate ^3/		9.0	9.0	9.0	9.0	9.0	9.5	9.0
	Personal housing		10.0	10.0	10.5	10.5	10.4	10.4	10.3
Tonga Development Bank loans
	Small-scale subsistence ^4/		10.5	10.5	10.5	10.5	10.5	10.5	10.5
	High priority loans ^5/		10.5	10.5	10.5	10.5	10.0	10.0	10.0
	Maximum rate		14.5	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.5	15.5
Memorandum items:
	Real interest rate ^6/		1.8	0.3	−1.3	−4.7	−5.4	−5.9	−3.8
	Spread lending and deposit rate ^7/		4.3	4.4	4.9	4.8	4.7	4.5	4.5
	Reserve requirement ^8/		12.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0

Sources: Data provided by the Tongan authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Minimum lending rate was raised to 5.4 percent in June 1995 and to 7 percent in December 1995.

^{^2/}The NRBT notes were introduced in April 1993. Prior to that, the NRBT had long-term deposits from the BOT. The NRBT notes has been discontinued since March 2001.

^{^3/}Base rate is the lowest rate charged.

^{^4/}For loans to export-oriented industries, manufacturing and raw materials processing, and tourism activities except restaurants.

^{^5/}Loans less than T$1,000 for activity in agriculture, fisheries, and livestock.

^{^6/}Average rate for saving and time deposits minus average inflation.

^{^7/}Based on lending rate for personal housing and average rate on saving and deposit rate.

Table 18.

Tonga: Exports by Major Commodity, 1998/99–2004/05 ^1/

Source: Tonga Statistics Department.

^{^1/}Values are on f.o.b. basis.

^{^2/}Includes reexports and total of only above products, thus may differ from total export figure of other tables.

Table 18.

Tonga: Exports by Major Commodity, 1998/99–2004/05 ^1/

		1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
Squash
	Value (in millions of U.S. dollars)	2.7	5.5	2.7	3.3	5.4	6.9	4.2
	Volume (metric tonnes)	7,228	15,305	12,535	14,027	13,282	21,280	13,169
	Unit value (US$/tonne)	379	357	213	234	408	324	317
Fish
	Value (in millions of U.S. dollars)	1.8	2.4	4.1	3.2	5.6	9.2	5.6
	Volume (metric tonnes)	514	724	1,057	1,377	2,945	3,225	3,054
	Unit value (US$/tonne)	3,585	3,315	3,879	2,319	1,881	2,835	1,842
Root crops
	Value (in millions of U.S. dollars)	0.2	0.6	1.0	0.8	0.8	0.7	1.3
	Volume (metric tonnes)	514	1,970	2,392	2,272	2,093	1,653	2,969
	Unit value (US$/tonne)	339	301	419	365	361	457	428
Vanilla
	Value (in millions of U.S. dollars)	0.5	0.5	0.2	0.1	2.3	2.6	0.6
	Volume (metric tonnes)	44	28	15	3	15	20	9
	Unit value (US$/kilogram)	11	18	11	51	148	133	62
Copra
	Value (in millions of U.S. dollars)	0.1	…	…	…	…	…	…
	Volume (metric tonnes)	107	…	…	…	…	…	…
	Unit value (US$/tonne)	796	…	…	…	…	…	…
Manufactured goods (in millions of U.S. dollars)		0.8	0.7	0.3	0.5	0.3	0.5	1.3
Total (in millions of U.S. dollars) ^2/		6.1	9.7	8.2	8.0	14.4	20.0	12.9
Memorandum item:
	Export unit value (1995/96 = 100)	54.9	60.9	37.0	51.5	91.3	86.2	63.0

Source: Tonga Statistics Department.

^{^1/}Values are on f.o.b. basis.

^{^2/}Includes reexports and total of only above products, thus may differ from total export figure of other tables.

Table 18.

Tonga: Exports by Major Commodity, 1998/99–2004/05 ^1/

		1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
Squash
	Value (in millions of U.S. dollars)	2.7	5.5	2.7	3.3	5.4	6.9	4.2
	Volume (metric tonnes)	7,228	15,305	12,535	14,027	13,282	21,280	13,169
	Unit value (US$/tonne)	379	357	213	234	408	324	317
Fish
	Value (in millions of U.S. dollars)	1.8	2.4	4.1	3.2	5.6	9.2	5.6
	Volume (metric tonnes)	514	724	1,057	1,377	2,945	3,225	3,054
	Unit value (US$/tonne)	3,585	3,315	3,879	2,319	1,881	2,835	1,842
Root crops
	Value (in millions of U.S. dollars)	0.2	0.6	1.0	0.8	0.8	0.7	1.3
	Volume (metric tonnes)	514	1,970	2,392	2,272	2,093	1,653	2,969
	Unit value (US$/tonne)	339	301	419	365	361	457	428
Vanilla
	Value (in millions of U.S. dollars)	0.5	0.5	0.2	0.1	2.3	2.6	0.6
	Volume (metric tonnes)	44	28	15	3	15	20	9
	Unit value (US$/kilogram)	11	18	11	51	148	133	62
Copra
	Value (in millions of U.S. dollars)	0.1	…	…	…	…	…	…
	Volume (metric tonnes)	107	…	…	…	…	…	…
	Unit value (US$/tonne)	796	…	…	…	…	…	…
Manufactured goods (in millions of U.S. dollars)		0.8	0.7	0.3	0.5	0.3	0.5	1.3
Total (in millions of U.S. dollars) ^2/		6.1	9.7	8.2	8.0	14.4	20.0	12.9
Memorandum item:
	Export unit value (1995/96 = 100)	54.9	60.9	37.0	51.5	91.3	86.2	63.0

Source: Tonga Statistics Department.

^{^1/}Values are on f.o.b. basis.

^{^2/}Includes reexports and total of only above products, thus may differ from total export figure of other tables.

Table 19.

Tonga: Imports by Commodity, Category, and Sector, 1998/99–2004/05 ^1/

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

Source: Tonga Statistics Department.

^{^1/}Values are on c.i.f. basis derived from preliminary customs data.

Table 19.

Tonga: Imports by Commodity, Category, and Sector, 1998/99–2004/05 ^1/

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

			1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
Total imports			66.3	70.7	69.8	87.3	85.6	97.6	115.8
	By commodity group
		Food, live animals, beverages, etc.	21.9	23.6	22.5	24.4	24.0	29.5	31.9
		Fuels, minerals and chemicals	14.2	17.0	17.9	18.9	19.8	25.2	29.5
		Crude materials, inedible	5.7	6.6	5.2	6.4	6.7	7.8	2.3
		Manufactured goods and materials	10.1	9.2	7.8	10.2	9.1	8.2	18.0
		Machinery, transportation and service equipment	12.0	11.7	7.8	16.0	15.6	14.8	22.8
		Miscellaneous	2.3	2.8	8.5	11.4	10.5	12.2	11.2
	By economic category
		Consumer goods	26.8	28.2	26.0	30.4	29.8	33.8	44.4
		Intermediate goods	29.0	29.9	20.2	27.6	27.2	27.4	31.8
		Capital goods	7.0	5.7	3.4	6.1	4.8	6.2	7.6
		Others	3.5	7.1	20.2	23.2	23.7	30.1	31.9
	By institutional sector
		Government	8.6	6.9	8.5	10.2	7.2	9.3	7.7
		Quasi-government	3.6	2.5	2.7	3.9	2.0	1.6	2.6
		Private	54.1	61.4	58.6	73.3	76.4	86.7	105.4
Memorandum item:
	Import unit value (1995/96 = 100)		82.4	84.0	84.0	83.0	86.0	97.0	109.9

Source: Tonga Statistics Department.

^{^1/}Values are on c.i.f. basis derived from preliminary customs data.

Table 19.

Tonga: Imports by Commodity, Category, and Sector, 1998/99–2004/05 ^1/

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

			1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
Total imports			66.3	70.7	69.8	87.3	85.6	97.6	115.8
	By commodity group
		Food, live animals, beverages, etc.	21.9	23.6	22.5	24.4	24.0	29.5	31.9
		Fuels, minerals and chemicals	14.2	17.0	17.9	18.9	19.8	25.2	29.5
		Crude materials, inedible	5.7	6.6	5.2	6.4	6.7	7.8	2.3
		Manufactured goods and materials	10.1	9.2	7.8	10.2	9.1	8.2	18.0
		Machinery, transportation and service equipment	12.0	11.7	7.8	16.0	15.6	14.8	22.8
		Miscellaneous	2.3	2.8	8.5	11.4	10.5	12.2	11.2
	By economic category
		Consumer goods	26.8	28.2	26.0	30.4	29.8	33.8	44.4
		Intermediate goods	29.0	29.9	20.2	27.6	27.2	27.4	31.8
		Capital goods	7.0	5.7	3.4	6.1	4.8	6.2	7.6
		Others	3.5	7.1	20.2	23.2	23.7	30.1	31.9
	By institutional sector
		Government	8.6	6.9	8.5	10.2	7.2	9.3	7.7
		Quasi-government	3.6	2.5	2.7	3.9	2.0	1.6	2.6
		Private	54.1	61.4	58.6	73.3	76.4	86.7	105.4
Memorandum item:
	Import unit value (1995/96 = 100)		82.4	84.0	84.0	83.0	86.0	97.0	109.9

Source: Tonga Statistics Department.

^{^1/}Values are on c.i.f. basis derived from preliminary customs data.

Table 20.

Tonga: Direction of Trade, 1998/99–2004/05

(In percent of total)

Source: Tonga Statistics Department.

Table 20.

Tonga: Direction of Trade, 1998/99–2004/05

(In percent of total)

			1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
Exports
	Australia		3.4	2.7	3.9	2.6	1.5	1.3	3.3
	Fiji		6.2	1.6	1.1	1.0	1.2	0.3	0.7
	Japan		40.9	58.1	43.6	40.8	39.0	39.7	44.5
	New Zealand		14.0	8.9	17.2	15.3	10.6	6.4	23.4
	United States		17.6	18.8	11.3	15.7	28.1	26.5	12.0
	Other countries		17.9	9.9	22.9	24.6	19.9	25.8	16.4
		Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.3	100.0	100.0
Imports
	Australia		28.6	23.4	25.0	23.3	18.0	22.5	17.8
	Fiji		8.6	13.5	14.8	9.1	20.3	17.7	17.4
	Japan		4.9	5.9	7.9	4.8	3.2	2.8	3.0
	New Zealand		35.0	36.2	38.2	37.6	42.1	39.3	37.8
	United States		13.1	12.3	8.6	12.2	8.4	8.4	8.6
	Other countries		9.8	8.6	5.5	13.0	8.1	9.4	15.5
		Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0

Source: Tonga Statistics Department.

Table 20.

Tonga: Direction of Trade, 1998/99–2004/05

(In percent of total)

			1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
Exports
	Australia		3.4	2.7	3.9	2.6	1.5	1.3	3.3
	Fiji		6.2	1.6	1.1	1.0	1.2	0.3	0.7
	Japan		40.9	58.1	43.6	40.8	39.0	39.7	44.5
	New Zealand		14.0	8.9	17.2	15.3	10.6	6.4	23.4
	United States		17.6	18.8	11.3	15.7	28.1	26.5	12.0
	Other countries		17.9	9.9	22.9	24.6	19.9	25.8	16.4
		Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.3	100.0	100.0
Imports
	Australia		28.6	23.4	25.0	23.3	18.0	22.5	17.8
	Fiji		8.6	13.5	14.8	9.1	20.3	17.7	17.4
	Japan		4.9	5.9	7.9	4.8	3.2	2.8	3.0
	New Zealand		35.0	36.2	38.2	37.6	42.1	39.3	37.8
	United States		13.1	12.3	8.6	12.2	8.4	8.4	8.6
	Other countries		9.8	8.6	5.5	13.0	8.1	9.4	15.5
		Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0

Source: Tonga Statistics Department.

Table 21.

Tonga: Disbursements of Official External Loans and Grants, 1999/00–2004/05

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

Table 21.

Tonga: Disbursements of Official External Loans and Grants, 1999/00–2004/05

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

					1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
									Prel.
Total external loans disbursement					4.0	3.5	7.5	4.3	7.8	3.2
	Of which:
		Multilateral
			Asian Development Bank		2.0	1.0	5.5	0.0	6.8	0.0
			International Development Association		0.0	0.0	0.0	2.2	0.9	3.2
			International Fund for Agricultural Development		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total grants					1.7	0.9	1.9	…	…	…
	Aid in kind				1.2	0.0	0.1	…	…	…
	Aid in cash				0.5	0.9	1.9	1.3	2.6	2.6
		Of which:
			Bilateral grants		0.4	0.7	0.8	0.5	1.1	1.3
				Australia	0.2	0.5	0.4	0.2	0.8	0.8
				France	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
				New Zealand	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.5
				Republic of China	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
		Multilateral grants			0.1	0.2	1.1	0.8	1.5	1.3
				EU	0.0	0.1	0.7	0.3	0.8	0.6
				UN agencies	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3
				Others	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.4	0.4
Total foreign assistance					5.6	4.4	9.4	…	…	…

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

Table 21.

Tonga: Disbursements of Official External Loans and Grants, 1999/00–2004/05

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

					1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
									Prel.
Total external loans disbursement					4.0	3.5	7.5	4.3	7.8	3.2
	Of which:
		Multilateral
			Asian Development Bank		2.0	1.0	5.5	0.0	6.8	0.0
			International Development Association		0.0	0.0	0.0	2.2	0.9	3.2
			International Fund for Agricultural Development		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total grants					1.7	0.9	1.9	…	…	…
	Aid in kind				1.2	0.0	0.1	…	…	…
	Aid in cash				0.5	0.9	1.9	1.3	2.6	2.6
		Of which:
			Bilateral grants		0.4	0.7	0.8	0.5	1.1	1.3
				Australia	0.2	0.5	0.4	0.2	0.8	0.8
				France	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
				New Zealand	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.5
				Republic of China	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
		Multilateral grants			0.1	0.2	1.1	0.8	1.5	1.3
				EU	0.0	0.1	0.7	0.3	0.8	0.6
				UN agencies	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3
				Others	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.4	0.4
Total foreign assistance					5.6	4.4	9.4	…	…	…

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities.

Table 22.

Tonga: External Debt and Debt Service, 1998/99–2004/05

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Percent of outstanding stock of debt at the beginning of the year that was amortized during the year.

Table 22.

Tonga: External Debt and Debt Service, 1998/99–2004/05

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

			1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
								Prel.
Total external debt outstanding			57.7	56.5	51.9	61.3	66.6	75.4	76.4
	Bilateral		9.0	7.5	8.6	10.2	12.1	11.9	12.0
		France	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		Germany	9.0	7.5	6.0	5.6	5.2	4.4	4.4
		United Kingdom	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		China	0.0	0.0	2.6	4.6	6.9	7.5	7.6
	Multilateral		45.7	46.6	43.3	51.1	54.5	63.4	64.4
		Asian Development Bank	34.1	35.3	33.6	40.4	41.6	48.6	47.2
		European Investment Bank	1.3	1.0	0.3	0.7	0.3	1.0	0.6
		International Development Association	4.2	4.2	3.8	4.0	6.4	7.6	10.6
		International Fund for Agricultural Development	6.2	6.2	5.7	5.9	6.2	6.2	6.0
	Commercial loans		3.0	2.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Debt service			3.3	2.9	4.4	1.6	2.6	3.4	3.3
	Amortization		2.4	2.1	3.8	1.1	2.0	2.5	2.4
	Interest		0.9	0.8	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.9	0.9
Memorandum items:
	External debt/GDP (in percent)		37.2	35.7	36.7	43.0	41.8	41.4	35.5
	GDP (in millions of U.S. dollars)		155.1	158.1	141.6	142.6	159.2	182.1	215.1
	Debt-service ratio (in percent of exports of goods and services)		10.7	10.0	18.5	4.6	6.0	8.7	8.4
	Average interest rate		1.4	1.3	1.0	0.8	0.8	1.0	1.0
	Amortization rate ^1/		4.1	3.3	5.9	2.6	2.5	3.4	3.0
	TOP/USD (end of period)		1.6	1.7	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.0	1.9
	TOP/USD (period average)		1.6	1.6	1.9	2.2	2.2	2.0	1.9

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Percent of outstanding stock of debt at the beginning of the year that was amortized during the year.

Table 22.

Tonga: External Debt and Debt Service, 1998/99–2004/05

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

			1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
								Prel.
Total external debt outstanding			57.7	56.5	51.9	61.3	66.6	75.4	76.4
	Bilateral		9.0	7.5	8.6	10.2	12.1	11.9	12.0
		France	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		Germany	9.0	7.5	6.0	5.6	5.2	4.4	4.4
		United Kingdom	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		China	0.0	0.0	2.6	4.6	6.9	7.5	7.6
	Multilateral		45.7	46.6	43.3	51.1	54.5	63.4	64.4
		Asian Development Bank	34.1	35.3	33.6	40.4	41.6	48.6	47.2
		European Investment Bank	1.3	1.0	0.3	0.7	0.3	1.0	0.6
		International Development Association	4.2	4.2	3.8	4.0	6.4	7.6	10.6
		International Fund for Agricultural Development	6.2	6.2	5.7	5.9	6.2	6.2	6.0
	Commercial loans		3.0	2.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Debt service			3.3	2.9	4.4	1.6	2.6	3.4	3.3
	Amortization		2.4	2.1	3.8	1.1	2.0	2.5	2.4
	Interest		0.9	0.8	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.9	0.9
Memorandum items:
	External debt/GDP (in percent)		37.2	35.7	36.7	43.0	41.8	41.4	35.5
	GDP (in millions of U.S. dollars)		155.1	158.1	141.6	142.6	159.2	182.1	215.1
	Debt-service ratio (in percent of exports of goods and services)		10.7	10.0	18.5	4.6	6.0	8.7	8.4
	Average interest rate		1.4	1.3	1.0	0.8	0.8	1.0	1.0
	Amortization rate ^1/		4.1	3.3	5.9	2.6	2.5	3.4	3.0
	TOP/USD (end of period)		1.6	1.7	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.0	1.9
	TOP/USD (period average)		1.6	1.6	1.9	2.2	2.2	2.0	1.9

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Percent of outstanding stock of debt at the beginning of the year that was amortized during the year.

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Tonga: Statistical Appendix

Author:

International Monetary Fund

Volume/Issue:: Volume 2006: Issue 242

Publisher:: International Monetary Fund

ISBN:: 9781451837476

ISSN:: 1934-7685

Pages:: 25

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451837476.002

Keywords

Table 22.

Tonga: External Debt and Debt Service, 1998/99–2004/05

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

			1998/99	1999/00	2000/01	2001/02	2002/03	2003/04	2004/05
								Prel.
Total external debt outstanding			57.7	56.5	51.9	61.3	66.6	75.4	76.4
	Bilateral		9.0	7.5	8.6	10.2	12.1	11.9	12.0
		France	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		Germany	9.0	7.5	6.0	5.6	5.2	4.4	4.4
		United Kingdom	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		China	0.0	0.0	2.6	4.6	6.9	7.5	7.6
	Multilateral		45.7	46.6	43.3	51.1	54.5	63.4	64.4
		Asian Development Bank	34.1	35.3	33.6	40.4	41.6	48.6	47.2
		European Investment Bank	1.3	1.0	0.3	0.7	0.3	1.0	0.6
		International Development Association	4.2	4.2	3.8	4.0	6.4	7.6	10.6
		International Fund for Agricultural Development	6.2	6.2	5.7	5.9	6.2	6.2	6.0
	Commercial loans		3.0	2.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Debt service			3.3	2.9	4.4	1.6	2.6	3.4	3.3
	Amortization		2.4	2.1	3.8	1.1	2.0	2.5	2.4
	Interest		0.9	0.8	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.9	0.9
Memorandum items:
	External debt/GDP (in percent)		37.2	35.7	36.7	43.0	41.8	41.4	35.5
	GDP (in millions of U.S. dollars)		155.1	158.1	141.6	142.6	159.2	182.1	215.1
	Debt-service ratio (in percent of exports of goods and services)		10.7	10.0	18.5	4.6	6.0	8.7	8.4
	Average interest rate		1.4	1.3	1.0	0.8	0.8	1.0	1.0
	Amortization rate ^1/		4.1	3.3	5.9	2.6	2.5	3.4	3.0
	TOP/USD (end of period)		1.6	1.7	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.0	1.9
	TOP/USD (period average)		1.6	1.6	1.9	2.2	2.2	2.0	1.9

Source: Data provided by the Tongan authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Percent of outstanding stock of debt at the beginning of the year that was amortized during the year.

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