Burundi: Statistical Annex

International Monetary Fund

doi:10.5089/9781451802795.002.A001

Jump to Content Jump to Main Navigation

Burundi

Statistical Annex

Author:

International Monetary Fund

International Monetary Fund
Search for other papers by International Monetary Fund in
Current site
Google Scholar

Publication Date:: 01 Mar 1999

eISBN:: 9781451802795

Language:: English

Keywords:: ISCR; CR; Burundi; Burundi authorities; office des cultures Industrielles du Burundi; tertiary sector; Burundi mining company; export unit value; office du Thé du Burundi

Download PDF (2.2 MB)

In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.

Abstract

Table 1.

Burundi: Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices, 1994–98

(In millions of Burundi francs, unless otherwise indicated)

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 1.

Burundi: Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices, 1994–98

(In millions of Burundi francs, unless otherwise indicated)

				1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
				Estimates				Proj.
Primary sector				95,188	105,035	136,018	163,354	191,069
	Food crops			67,975	81,473	107,448	130,586	155,855
	Livestock			9,832	8,553	10,223	12,254	14,688
	Fishing			533	571	598	552	1,060
	Forestry			3,841	3,341	3,425	3,741	3,000
	Export crops			13,007	11,097	14,324	16,222	16,467
Secondary sector				45,746	41,979	38,139	51,217	73,787
	Manufacturing			21,857	20,635	16,500	20,290	28,536
		Agricultural processing		1,976	1,104	1,702	2,175	2,762
		Food industries		11,957	11,304	9,021	11,526	12,056
		Textiles and leather products		2,062	2,318	1,753	3,518	4,496
		Other industry		5,862	5,909	4,024	3,071	9,221
	Handicrafts			7,927	5,709	6,182	9,302	15,241
	Construction			14,588	14,339	13,970	19,193	26,523
	Mining and energy			1,374	1,296	1,487	2,432	3,487
Tertiary sector				62,186	71,123	74,025	91,861	122,065
	Public services			39,832	41,728	43,706	57,757	76,164
	Transport and communications			8,014	10,440	12,598	13,593	14,479
	Commerce			9,339	12,957	10,884	13,165	18,005
	Other services			5,001	5,998	6,837	7,347	13,416
GDP at factor cost				203,120	218,137	248,182	306,432	386,920
Indirect taxes, net of subsidies				30,200	31,728	24,400	30,900	38,200
GDP at market prices				233,320	249,865	272,582	337,332	425,120
	Growth rate (in percent)			14.1	7.1	9.1	23.8	26.0
Memorandum items:
	Implicit GDP deflator (1980 = 100)
		At factor cost		188.3	217.2	258.6	318.3	387.6
		At market prices		190.6	219.6	261.4	322.3	388.7
			Annual change (in percent)	5.6	15.2	19.4	23.3	20.6

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 1.

Burundi: Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices, 1994–98

(In millions of Burundi francs, unless otherwise indicated)

				1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
				Estimates				Proj.
Primary sector				95,188	105,035	136,018	163,354	191,069
	Food crops			67,975	81,473	107,448	130,586	155,855
	Livestock			9,832	8,553	10,223	12,254	14,688
	Fishing			533	571	598	552	1,060
	Forestry			3,841	3,341	3,425	3,741	3,000
	Export crops			13,007	11,097	14,324	16,222	16,467
Secondary sector				45,746	41,979	38,139	51,217	73,787
	Manufacturing			21,857	20,635	16,500	20,290	28,536
		Agricultural processing		1,976	1,104	1,702	2,175	2,762
		Food industries		11,957	11,304	9,021	11,526	12,056
		Textiles and leather products		2,062	2,318	1,753	3,518	4,496
		Other industry		5,862	5,909	4,024	3,071	9,221
	Handicrafts			7,927	5,709	6,182	9,302	15,241
	Construction			14,588	14,339	13,970	19,193	26,523
	Mining and energy			1,374	1,296	1,487	2,432	3,487
Tertiary sector				62,186	71,123	74,025	91,861	122,065
	Public services			39,832	41,728	43,706	57,757	76,164
	Transport and communications			8,014	10,440	12,598	13,593	14,479
	Commerce			9,339	12,957	10,884	13,165	18,005
	Other services			5,001	5,998	6,837	7,347	13,416
GDP at factor cost				203,120	218,137	248,182	306,432	386,920
Indirect taxes, net of subsidies				30,200	31,728	24,400	30,900	38,200
GDP at market prices				233,320	249,865	272,582	337,332	425,120
	Growth rate (in percent)			14.1	7.1	9.1	23.8	26.0
Memorandum items:
	Implicit GDP deflator (1980 = 100)
		At factor cost		188.3	217.2	258.6	318.3	387.6
		At market prices		190.6	219.6	261.4	322.3	388.7
			Annual change (in percent)	5.6	15.2	19.4	23.3	20.6

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 2.

Burundi: Gross Domestic Product at Constant 1980 Prices, 1994–98

(In millions of Burundi francs, unless otherwise indicated)

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 2.

Burundi: Gross Domestic Product at Constant 1980 Prices, 1994–98

(In millions of Burundi francs, unless otherwise indicated)

			1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
			Estimates				Proj.
Primary sector			59,508	55,916	56,734	57,048	59,856
	Food crops		44,797	44,484	45,996	46,456	49,801
	Livestock		4,397	3,718	3,347	3,380	3,448
	Fishing		96	91	64	51	52
	Forestry		3,495	3,320	3,154	2,996	3,056
	Export crops		6,722	4,302	4,173	4,165	3,499
Secondary sector			13,841	11,468	9,953	9,868	10,050
	Manufacturing		4,838	4,168	3,216	2,949	3,008
		Agricultural processing	718	459	445	468	477
		Food industries	703	633	474	427	436
		Textiles and leather products	635	572	543	546	557
		Other industry	2,783	2,504	1,753	1,508	1,538
	Handicrafts		3,534	2,378	2,259	2,372	2,420
	Construction		4,558	4,193	3,858	3,896	3,943
	Mining and energy		911	729	619	650	679
Tertiary sector			34,548	33,042	29,275	29,352	29,925
	Public services		21,433	20,790	20,582	20,606	21,018
	Transportation and communications		2,843	2,758	2,465	2,449	2,498
	Commerce		8,671	7,977	4,786	4,834	4,931
	Other services		1,601	1,517	1,442	1,463	1,478
GDP at factor cost			107,896	100,426	95,961	96,268	99,830
Indirect taxes, net of subsidies			14,809	13,364	8,315	8,398	9,553
GDP at market prices			122,705	113,790	104,276	104,666	109,384
	Growth rate (in percent)		-3.7	-7.3	-8.4	0.4	4.5

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 2.

Burundi: Gross Domestic Product at Constant 1980 Prices, 1994–98

(In millions of Burundi francs, unless otherwise indicated)

			1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
			Estimates				Proj.
Primary sector			59,508	55,916	56,734	57,048	59,856
	Food crops		44,797	44,484	45,996	46,456	49,801
	Livestock		4,397	3,718	3,347	3,380	3,448
	Fishing		96	91	64	51	52
	Forestry		3,495	3,320	3,154	2,996	3,056
	Export crops		6,722	4,302	4,173	4,165	3,499
Secondary sector			13,841	11,468	9,953	9,868	10,050
	Manufacturing		4,838	4,168	3,216	2,949	3,008
		Agricultural processing	718	459	445	468	477
		Food industries	703	633	474	427	436
		Textiles and leather products	635	572	543	546	557
		Other industry	2,783	2,504	1,753	1,508	1,538
	Handicrafts		3,534	2,378	2,259	2,372	2,420
	Construction		4,558	4,193	3,858	3,896	3,943
	Mining and energy		911	729	619	650	679
Tertiary sector			34,548	33,042	29,275	29,352	29,925
	Public services		21,433	20,790	20,582	20,606	21,018
	Transportation and communications		2,843	2,758	2,465	2,449	2,498
	Commerce		8,671	7,977	4,786	4,834	4,931
	Other services		1,601	1,517	1,442	1,463	1,478
GDP at factor cost			107,896	100,426	95,961	96,268	99,830
Indirect taxes, net of subsidies			14,809	13,364	8,315	8,398	9,553
GDP at market prices			122,705	113,790	104,276	104,666	109,384
	Growth rate (in percent)		-3.7	-7.3	-8.4	0.4	4.5

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 3.

Burundi: Supply and Use of Resources at Current Market Prices, 1994–98

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 3.

Burundi: Supply and Use of Resources at Current Market Prices, 1994–98

				1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
				Estimates				Proj.
				(In millions of Burundi francs)
GDP at market prices				233,320	249,865	272,582	337,332	425,120
Resource gap				-42,560	-35,976	-26,271	-14,202	-37,210
	Imports of goods and nonfactor services			66,593	68,173	41,453	47,891	61,972
	Exports of goods and nonfactor services			24,034	32,197	15,182	33,689	24,763
Gross domestic expenditure				275,880	285,840	298,853	351,534	462,329
	Consumption			251,147	261,920	266,021	324,325	428,456
		Public		32,459	33,578	34,474	49,000	47,000
		Private		218,688	228,342	231,547	275,325	381,456
Gross investment				24,733	23,920	32,832	27,209	33,873
	Fixed investment			24,680	24,119	33,241	24,470	30,429
		Public		21,000	20,700	28,400	16,900	21,300
		Private		3,680	3,419	4,841	7,570	9,129
	Changes in stocks			53	-199	-409	2,739	3,443
Gross domestic savings				-17,827	-12,055	6,562	13,007	-3,337
	Government savings			3,100	-1,000	-5,800	-15,100	-8,000
	Private savings			-20,927	-11,055	12,362	28,107	4,663
				(In percent of GDP)
Resource gap				-18.2	-14.4	-9.6	-4.2	-8.8
	Imports of goods and nonfactor services			28.5	27.3	15.2	14.2	14.6
	Exports of goods and nonfactor services			10.3	12.9	5.6	10.0	5.8
Gross domestic expenditure				118.2	114.4	109.6	104.2	108.8
	Consumption			107.6	104.8	97.6	96.1	100.8
		Public		13.9	13.4	12.6	14.5	11.1
		Private		93.7	91.4	84.9	81.6	89.7
	Gross investment			10.6	9.6	12.0	8.1	8.0
		Fixed investment		10.6	9.7	12.2	7.3	7.2
			Public	9.0	8.3	10.4	5.0	5.0
			Private	1.6	1.4	1.8	2.2	2.1
	Changes in stocks			0.0	-0.1	-0.1	0.8	0.8
Gross domestic savings				-7.6	-4.8	2.4	3.9	-0.8
	Government savings			1.3	-0.4	-2.1	-4.5	-1.9
	Private savings			-9.0	-4.4	4.5	8.3	1.1

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 3.

Burundi: Supply and Use of Resources at Current Market Prices, 1994–98

				1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
				Estimates				Proj.
				(In millions of Burundi francs)
GDP at market prices				233,320	249,865	272,582	337,332	425,120
Resource gap				-42,560	-35,976	-26,271	-14,202	-37,210
	Imports of goods and nonfactor services			66,593	68,173	41,453	47,891	61,972
	Exports of goods and nonfactor services			24,034	32,197	15,182	33,689	24,763
Gross domestic expenditure				275,880	285,840	298,853	351,534	462,329
	Consumption			251,147	261,920	266,021	324,325	428,456
		Public		32,459	33,578	34,474	49,000	47,000
		Private		218,688	228,342	231,547	275,325	381,456
Gross investment				24,733	23,920	32,832	27,209	33,873
	Fixed investment			24,680	24,119	33,241	24,470	30,429
		Public		21,000	20,700	28,400	16,900	21,300
		Private		3,680	3,419	4,841	7,570	9,129
	Changes in stocks			53	-199	-409	2,739	3,443
Gross domestic savings				-17,827	-12,055	6,562	13,007	-3,337
	Government savings			3,100	-1,000	-5,800	-15,100	-8,000
	Private savings			-20,927	-11,055	12,362	28,107	4,663
				(In percent of GDP)
Resource gap				-18.2	-14.4	-9.6	-4.2	-8.8
	Imports of goods and nonfactor services			28.5	27.3	15.2	14.2	14.6
	Exports of goods and nonfactor services			10.3	12.9	5.6	10.0	5.8
Gross domestic expenditure				118.2	114.4	109.6	104.2	108.8
	Consumption			107.6	104.8	97.6	96.1	100.8
		Public		13.9	13.4	12.6	14.5	11.1
		Private		93.7	91.4	84.9	81.6	89.7
	Gross investment			10.6	9.6	12.0	8.1	8.0
		Fixed investment		10.6	9.7	12.2	7.3	7.2
			Public	9.0	8.3	10.4	5.0	5.0
			Private	1.6	1.4	1.8	2.2	2.1
	Changes in stocks			0.0	-0.1	-0.1	0.8	0.8
Gross domestic savings				-7.6	-4.8	2.4	3.9	-0.8
	Government savings			1.3	-0.4	-2.1	-4.5	-1.9
	Private savings			-9.0	-4.4	4.5	8.3	1.1

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 4.

Burundi: Savings and Investment, 1994–98

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}Excluding official transfers.

^{^2/}Including official transfers.

Table 4.

Burundi: Savings and Investment, 1994–98

		1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
		Estimates				Proj.
		(In millions of Burundi francs at current prices)
Net factor services		2,881	3,147	4,239	3,771	4,265
Private current transfers		4,397	3,897	3,391	3,066	4,787
External current account ^1/		41,038	35,222	27,070	14,907	36,644
Official transfers		36,338	33,998	15,079	17,937	22,152
External current account ^2/		4,700	1,224	11,991	3,031	14,492
Gross domestic savings		-17,827	-12,055	6,562	13,007	-3,337
Gross national savings		25,789	28,987	29,272	37,781	27,867
Gross investment (including stocks)		24,733	23,920	32,832	27,209	33,873
		(In percent)
Gross domestic savings/gross investment		-72.1	-50.4	20.0	47.8	-9.9
Gross national savings/gross investment		104.3	121.2	89.2	138.9	82.3
Gross investment/GDP		10.6	9.6	12.0	8.1	8.0
Gross national savings/GDP		11.1	11.6	10.7	11.2	6.6
External current account/GDP ^1/		17.6	14.1	9.9	4.4	8.6
External current account/GDP ^2/		2.0	0.5	4.4	0.9	3.4
Memorandum item:
	Nominal GDP (in millions of Burundi francs)	233,320	249,865	272,582	337,332	425,120

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}Excluding official transfers.

^{^2/}Including official transfers.

Table 4.

Burundi: Savings and Investment, 1994–98

		1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
		Estimates				Proj.
		(In millions of Burundi francs at current prices)
Net factor services		2,881	3,147	4,239	3,771	4,265
Private current transfers		4,397	3,897	3,391	3,066	4,787
External current account ^1/		41,038	35,222	27,070	14,907	36,644
Official transfers		36,338	33,998	15,079	17,937	22,152
External current account ^2/		4,700	1,224	11,991	3,031	14,492
Gross domestic savings		-17,827	-12,055	6,562	13,007	-3,337
Gross national savings		25,789	28,987	29,272	37,781	27,867
Gross investment (including stocks)		24,733	23,920	32,832	27,209	33,873
		(In percent)
Gross domestic savings/gross investment		-72.1	-50.4	20.0	47.8	-9.9
Gross national savings/gross investment		104.3	121.2	89.2	138.9	82.3
Gross investment/GDP		10.6	9.6	12.0	8.1	8.0
Gross national savings/GDP		11.1	11.6	10.7	11.2	6.6
External current account/GDP ^1/		17.6	14.1	9.9	4.4	8.6
External current account/GDP ^2/		2.0	0.5	4.4	0.9	3.4
Memorandum item:
	Nominal GDP (in millions of Burundi francs)	233,320	249,865	272,582	337,332	425,120

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}Excluding official transfers.

^{^2/}Including official transfers.

Table 5.

Burundi: Key Coffee Sector Indicators, 1994/95–1998/99 ^1/

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}The coffee crop year extends from May 1 to April 30.

^{^2/}First year of Burundi season; e.g., for the 1994/95 season, the 1994 price is reported. Prices are for mild coffee, i.e., including arabica.

^{^3/}For fully washed coffee.

^{^4/}Deflated by the consumer price index (January 1991=100). Price indices are for the first year of the season; e.g., for the season 1994/95, the 1994 deflator is used.

Table 5.

Burundi: Key Coffee Sector Indicators, 1994/95–1998/99 ^1/

			1994/95	1995/96	1996/97	1997/98	1998/99
					Est.		Proj.
Production (green coffee; metric tons)			41,293	25,565	26,876	20,196	17,436
	Fully washed		26,708	16,382	18,103	12,007	10,601
	Semiwashed		14,278	8,815	8,631	7,984	6,636
	Robusta		307	369	142	204	200
Exports of coffee (millions of U. S. dollars)			57.2	89.1	28.8	76.6	38.6
Exports of coffee/total exports (in percent)			70.9	79.2	71.8	87.7	78.7
Taxes on coffee/total revenue (in percent)			13.6	11.3	3.4	1.4	10.3
Taxes on coffee/GDP (in percent)			2.3	1.9	0.4	0.2	1.2
Producer price (Burundi francs per kilogram)
	Fully washed (Burundi francs per kilogram)		280.5	280.5	290.0	350.0	450.0
	Semiwashed (Burundi francs per kilogram)		180.0	180.0	290.0	330.0	420.0
Overall surplus or deficit of the coffee sector (in millions of Burundi francs)			6,636.3	526.6	-711.2	49.5	-1,691.8
Memorandum items:
	World market prices ^2/
		Cents/lb.	149	149	120	185	135
		Index (1990=100)	168	168	135	209	152
		Producer price index (1990/91=100) ^3/
		Nominal	117	117	121	146	188
		Real ^4/	91	76	63	58	63

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}The coffee crop year extends from May 1 to April 30.

^{^2/}First year of Burundi season; e.g., for the 1994/95 season, the 1994 price is reported. Prices are for mild coffee, i.e., including arabica.

^{^3/}For fully washed coffee.

^{^4/}Deflated by the consumer price index (January 1991=100). Price indices are for the first year of the season; e.g., for the season 1994/95, the 1994 deflator is used.

Table 5.

Burundi: Key Coffee Sector Indicators, 1994/95–1998/99 ^1/

			1994/95	1995/96	1996/97	1997/98	1998/99
					Est.		Proj.
Production (green coffee; metric tons)			41,293	25,565	26,876	20,196	17,436
	Fully washed		26,708	16,382	18,103	12,007	10,601
	Semiwashed		14,278	8,815	8,631	7,984	6,636
	Robusta		307	369	142	204	200
Exports of coffee (millions of U. S. dollars)			57.2	89.1	28.8	76.6	38.6
Exports of coffee/total exports (in percent)			70.9	79.2	71.8	87.7	78.7
Taxes on coffee/total revenue (in percent)			13.6	11.3	3.4	1.4	10.3
Taxes on coffee/GDP (in percent)			2.3	1.9	0.4	0.2	1.2
Producer price (Burundi francs per kilogram)
	Fully washed (Burundi francs per kilogram)		280.5	280.5	290.0	350.0	450.0
	Semiwashed (Burundi francs per kilogram)		180.0	180.0	290.0	330.0	420.0
Overall surplus or deficit of the coffee sector (in millions of Burundi francs)			6,636.3	526.6	-711.2	49.5	-1,691.8
Memorandum items:
	World market prices ^2/
		Cents/lb.	149	149	120	185	135
		Index (1990=100)	168	168	135	209	152
		Producer price index (1990/91=100) ^3/
		Nominal	117	117	121	146	188
		Real ^4/	91	76	63	58	63

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}The coffee crop year extends from May 1 to April 30.

^{^2/}First year of Burundi season; e.g., for the 1994/95 season, the 1994 price is reported. Prices are for mild coffee, i.e., including arabica.

^{^3/}For fully washed coffee.

^{^4/}Deflated by the consumer price index (January 1991=100). Price indices are for the first year of the season; e.g., for the season 1994/95, the 1994 deflator is used.

Table 6.

Burundi: Illustrative Allocation of Arabica Coffee Receipts Among Producers, Intermediaries, and Stabilization Fund, 1994/95–1998/99 ^1/

Source: Office des Cultures Industrielles du Burundi (OCIBU).

^{^1/}The coffee crop year extends from May 1 to April 30.

^{^2/}Determined as an average rate, on the basis of actual payments in Dar es Salaam in relation to exportable coffee output.

^{^3/}Deflated by the consumer price index (January 1991=100).

Table 6.

Burundi: Illustrative Allocation of Arabica Coffee Receipts Among Producers, Intermediaries, and Stabilization Fund, 1994/95–1998/99 ^1/

			1994/95	1995/96	1996/97	1997/98	1998/99
					Est.		Proj.
			(In Burundi francs per kilogram of coffee, unless otherwise indicated)
1. Producer prices
	Parchment coffee price
		Semiwashed coffee price	180.0	180.0	290.0	330.0	420.0
		Fully washed coffee price	280.5	280.5	290.0	350.0	450.0
	Green coffee price		305.0	309.6	366.8	431.7	553.1
2. Transportation charges			6.1	12.3	17.3	22.4	25.0
3. Production and processing charges			98.5	95.1	152.0	180.1	201.8
	Intermediaries		59.7	62.7	105.3	127.4	149.6
	Wholesalers		38.8	32.4	46.7	52.7	52.2
4. OCIBU levies			34.7	70.2	74.2	134.2	145.2
5. Green coffee cost price ex factory (1+2+3+4)			444.3	487.2	610.3	768.5	925.1
6. Export costs and charges			236.7	86.8	87.5	237.2	145.6
	Transport and handling		20.3	…	…	…	…
	Commissions		…	…	…	…	…
	Other export costs		…	…	…	…	…
	Export taxes		216.4	86.8	87.5	237.2	145.6
7. Green coffee cost price at port of exports (5+6)			681.0	574.1	697.7	1,005.7	1,070.7
8. Average green coffee selling price ^2/			843.2	595.3	670.5	1,008.2	972.5
9. Profit or loss (-) (8-7)			162.2	21.3	-27.2	2.5	-98.2
10. Total exportable green coffee (in metric tons)			40,914.0	24,755.9	26,118.8	19,652.9	17,236.4
11. Global profit or loss (-) (9x10) (in millions of Burundi francs)			6,636.3	526.6	-711.2	49.5	-1,691.8
Producer prices for arabica parchment coffee			(U.S. dollars per kilogram)
	Burundi		0.71	0.72	0.96	0.93	0.97
	Rwanda		1.36	1.14	…	1.16	…
	Tanzania		1.83	1.72	1.06	…	…
	Uganda		1.68	0.98	1.15	1.20	…
Memorandum items:			(Units as indicated)
	World market price (cents/lb.)		149	149	120	185	135
	Ratio of producer price to export price (percent)
		Semiwashed coffee price	21.35	30.23	43.25	32.73	43.19
		Fully washed coffee price	33.27	47.12	43.25	34.71	46.27
		Green coffee price	36.17	52.00	54.71	42.82	56.87
	Real producer prices ^3/
		Washed coffee price	140.41	117.65	149.95	130.13	141.60
		Fully washed coffee price	218.80	183.33	149.95	138.01	151.72
		Green coffee price	237.91	202.35	189.66	170.23	186.48
	Coffee exports volume index (1990/91=100)		132.25	80.02	84.43	63.53	55.72

Source: Office des Cultures Industrielles du Burundi (OCIBU).

^{^1/}The coffee crop year extends from May 1 to April 30.

^{^2/}Determined as an average rate, on the basis of actual payments in Dar es Salaam in relation to exportable coffee output.

^{^3/}Deflated by the consumer price index (January 1991=100).

Table 6.

Burundi: Illustrative Allocation of Arabica Coffee Receipts Among Producers, Intermediaries, and Stabilization Fund, 1994/95–1998/99 ^1/

			1994/95	1995/96	1996/97	1997/98	1998/99
					Est.		Proj.
			(In Burundi francs per kilogram of coffee, unless otherwise indicated)
1. Producer prices
	Parchment coffee price
		Semiwashed coffee price	180.0	180.0	290.0	330.0	420.0
		Fully washed coffee price	280.5	280.5	290.0	350.0	450.0
	Green coffee price		305.0	309.6	366.8	431.7	553.1
2. Transportation charges			6.1	12.3	17.3	22.4	25.0
3. Production and processing charges			98.5	95.1	152.0	180.1	201.8
	Intermediaries		59.7	62.7	105.3	127.4	149.6
	Wholesalers		38.8	32.4	46.7	52.7	52.2
4. OCIBU levies			34.7	70.2	74.2	134.2	145.2
5. Green coffee cost price ex factory (1+2+3+4)			444.3	487.2	610.3	768.5	925.1
6. Export costs and charges			236.7	86.8	87.5	237.2	145.6
	Transport and handling		20.3	…	…	…	…
	Commissions		…	…	…	…	…
	Other export costs		…	…	…	…	…
	Export taxes		216.4	86.8	87.5	237.2	145.6
7. Green coffee cost price at port of exports (5+6)			681.0	574.1	697.7	1,005.7	1,070.7
8. Average green coffee selling price ^2/			843.2	595.3	670.5	1,008.2	972.5
9. Profit or loss (-) (8-7)			162.2	21.3	-27.2	2.5	-98.2
10. Total exportable green coffee (in metric tons)			40,914.0	24,755.9	26,118.8	19,652.9	17,236.4
11. Global profit or loss (-) (9x10) (in millions of Burundi francs)			6,636.3	526.6	-711.2	49.5	-1,691.8
Producer prices for arabica parchment coffee			(U.S. dollars per kilogram)
	Burundi		0.71	0.72	0.96	0.93	0.97
	Rwanda		1.36	1.14	…	1.16	…
	Tanzania		1.83	1.72	1.06	…	…
	Uganda		1.68	0.98	1.15	1.20	…
Memorandum items:			(Units as indicated)
	World market price (cents/lb.)		149	149	120	185	135
	Ratio of producer price to export price (percent)
		Semiwashed coffee price	21.35	30.23	43.25	32.73	43.19
		Fully washed coffee price	33.27	47.12	43.25	34.71	46.27
		Green coffee price	36.17	52.00	54.71	42.82	56.87
	Real producer prices ^3/
		Washed coffee price	140.41	117.65	149.95	130.13	141.60
		Fully washed coffee price	218.80	183.33	149.95	138.01	151.72
		Green coffee price	237.91	202.35	189.66	170.23	186.48
	Coffee exports volume index (1990/91=100)		132.25	80.02	84.43	63.53	55.72

Source: Office des Cultures Industrielles du Burundi (OCIBU).

^{^1/}The coffee crop year extends from May 1 to April 30.

^{^2/}Determined as an average rate, on the basis of actual payments in Dar es Salaam in relation to exportable coffee output.

^{^3/}Deflated by the consumer price index (January 1991=100).

Table 7.

Burundi: Arabica and Robusta Coffee Production, 1994/95–1998/99 ^1/

(In metric tons)

Source: Office des Cultures Industrielles du Burundi (OCIBU).

^{^1/}The coffee crop year extends from May 1 to April 30.

^{^2/}High-quality, fully washed arabica.

^{^3/}High-quality washed arabica.

Table 7.

Burundi: Arabica and Robusta Coffee Production, 1994/95–1998/99 ^1/

(In metric tons)

		1994/95	1995/96	1996/97	1997/98	1998/99
				Est.		Proj.
Arabica fully washed		26,708	16,381	18,103	12,007	10,600
	F.W. Super ^2/	756	2,322	666	1,008	890
	F.W. Extra ^2/	5,586	3,726	2,249	2,556	2,257
	F.W.H.T./Courant 1	8,089	4,983	12,024	5,736	5,064
	F.W./Courant2	10,036	3,305	…	…	…
	F.W.4./Brisure	1,364	360	444	174	154
	F.W.5./Triage and Brisures	877	…	227	144	127
	F.W. Stock/H. Normes	…	1,685	2,492	2,389	2,109
Arabica semiwashed		14,278	8,815	8,631	7,984	6,636
	W.02 ^3/	774	1,080	225	90	75
	W.3A3/	2,124	1,188	681	311	258
	W.3B	5,405	3,365	2,645	1,998	1,661
	W. HTM/3C	5,121	1,782	3,041	2,009	1,669
	W.4/Brisure	594	198	405	300	249
	W.5/Triage and Brisures	260	…	189	130	108
	W.H./Normes	…	1,153	1,446	3,146	2,615
Total arabica		40,986	25,147	26,733	19,991	17,236
Robusta		307	369	142	204	200
	Total coffee production	41,293	25,566	26,876	20,196	17,436

Source: Office des Cultures Industrielles du Burundi (OCIBU).

^{^1/}The coffee crop year extends from May 1 to April 30.

^{^2/}High-quality, fully washed arabica.

^{^3/}High-quality washed arabica.

Table 7.

Burundi: Arabica and Robusta Coffee Production, 1994/95–1998/99 ^1/

(In metric tons)

		1994/95	1995/96	1996/97	1997/98	1998/99
				Est.		Proj.
Arabica fully washed		26,708	16,381	18,103	12,007	10,600
	F.W. Super ^2/	756	2,322	666	1,008	890
	F.W. Extra ^2/	5,586	3,726	2,249	2,556	2,257
	F.W.H.T./Courant 1	8,089	4,983	12,024	5,736	5,064
	F.W./Courant2	10,036	3,305	…	…	…
	F.W.4./Brisure	1,364	360	444	174	154
	F.W.5./Triage and Brisures	877	…	227	144	127
	F.W. Stock/H. Normes	…	1,685	2,492	2,389	2,109
Arabica semiwashed		14,278	8,815	8,631	7,984	6,636
	W.02 ^3/	774	1,080	225	90	75
	W.3A3/	2,124	1,188	681	311	258
	W.3B	5,405	3,365	2,645	1,998	1,661
	W. HTM/3C	5,121	1,782	3,041	2,009	1,669
	W.4/Brisure	594	198	405	300	249
	W.5/Triage and Brisures	260	…	189	130	108
	W.H./Normes	…	1,153	1,446	3,146	2,615
Total arabica		40,986	25,147	26,733	19,991	17,236
Robusta		307	369	142	204	200
	Total coffee production	41,293	25,566	26,876	20,196	17,436

Source: Office des Cultures Industrielles du Burundi (OCIBU).

^{^1/}The coffee crop year extends from May 1 to April 30.

^{^2/}High-quality, fully washed arabica.

^{^3/}High-quality washed arabica.

Table 8.

Burundi: Cotton Production, Consumption, Exports, and Prices, 1994–98 ^1/

(In units indicated)

Sources: Compagnie de Gérance Cotonnière (COGERCO); and Complexe Textile de Bujumbura (COTEBU).

^{^1/}Based on contracts signed by COTEBU.

^{^2/}Prices are f.o.b. Dar es Salaam or Mombasa; since 1984, cotton has been exported at ex factory prices.

^{^3/}Deflated by the consumer price index (January 1991=100).

Table 8.

Burundi: Cotton Production, Consumption, Exports, and Prices, 1994–98 ^1/

(In units indicated)

			1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
Production
	Area under cultivation (hectares)		6,067	6,168	4,070	3,457	3,596
		North	1,950	905	1,140	515	784
		Center	1,051	760	338	130	222
		South	2,193	2,228	740	1,082	1,290
		Extension (Nyanza-Lac)	41	31	14	0	0
		Moso	832	2,244	1,838	1,730	1,300
Number of farmers			17,409	20,904	14,119	14,897	17,000
Production of seed cotton (tons)			4,915	4,593	2,605	2,381	3,300
	First quality		4,811	4,553	2,526	2,310	3,200
	Second quality		104	40	79	71	100
Yield (kilograms per hectare)			810	745	640	689	918
Ginning coefficient (percent)			40	41	40	41	43
Production of cotton fiber (tons)			1,967	1,881	1,045	972	1,400
	First quality		1,926	1,864	1,029	945	1,360
	Second quality		41	17	16	29	40
Production of seeds (tons)			2,847	2,629	1,504	1,571	1,815
Consumption and exports (tons)
	Domestic consumption of cotton fiber		946	872	1,034	692	1,320
		First quality	845	857	957	677	1,280
		Second quality	101	15	77	15	40
	Exports of cotton fiber		3,665	893	151	0	200
		First quality	3,665	893	151	0	200
		Second quality	0	0	0	0	0
	Stocks of cotton fiber (end of year)		663	673	639	936	634
		First quality	610	657	639	918	616
		Second quality	53	16	0	18	18
	Consumption of seeds
		Oil factory (RAFINA)	2,423	2,278	1,244	1,040	1,438
		Seeds	374	285	220	264	329
		Animal feed	50	66	40	67	48
Prices (Burundi francs per kilogram)
	Local price of cotton fiber
		First quality	349	452	498	520	580
		Second quality	212	278	400	410	450
	Export price of cotton fiber ^2/
		First quality	372	496	537	…	600
		Second quality	…	…	…	…	…
	Producer price of seed cotton
		First quality	60	65	75	85	95
		Second quality	30	35	45	75	85
	Equivalent producer price of cotton fiber
		First quality	150	160	187	213	288
		Second quality	74	88	112	188	213
	Sale price of seeds to RAFINA		14	14	15	15	25
Memorandum items:
	Producer price/export price of cotton fiber
		(first quality; percent)	40.3	32.3	34.8	…	48.0
	Real producer price of seed cotton
		(first quality) ^3/	272.5	297.4	257.5	205.0	195.5

Sources: Compagnie de Gérance Cotonnière (COGERCO); and Complexe Textile de Bujumbura (COTEBU).

^{^1/}Based on contracts signed by COTEBU.

^{^2/}Prices are f.o.b. Dar es Salaam or Mombasa; since 1984, cotton has been exported at ex factory prices.

^{^3/}Deflated by the consumer price index (January 1991=100).

Table 8.

Burundi: Cotton Production, Consumption, Exports, and Prices, 1994–98 ^1/

(In units indicated)

			1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
Production
	Area under cultivation (hectares)		6,067	6,168	4,070	3,457	3,596
		North	1,950	905	1,140	515	784
		Center	1,051	760	338	130	222
		South	2,193	2,228	740	1,082	1,290
		Extension (Nyanza-Lac)	41	31	14	0	0
		Moso	832	2,244	1,838	1,730	1,300
Number of farmers			17,409	20,904	14,119	14,897	17,000
Production of seed cotton (tons)			4,915	4,593	2,605	2,381	3,300
	First quality		4,811	4,553	2,526	2,310	3,200
	Second quality		104	40	79	71	100
Yield (kilograms per hectare)			810	745	640	689	918
Ginning coefficient (percent)			40	41	40	41	43
Production of cotton fiber (tons)			1,967	1,881	1,045	972	1,400
	First quality		1,926	1,864	1,029	945	1,360
	Second quality		41	17	16	29	40
Production of seeds (tons)			2,847	2,629	1,504	1,571	1,815
Consumption and exports (tons)
	Domestic consumption of cotton fiber		946	872	1,034	692	1,320
		First quality	845	857	957	677	1,280
		Second quality	101	15	77	15	40
	Exports of cotton fiber		3,665	893	151	0	200
		First quality	3,665	893	151	0	200
		Second quality	0	0	0	0	0
	Stocks of cotton fiber (end of year)		663	673	639	936	634
		First quality	610	657	639	918	616
		Second quality	53	16	0	18	18
	Consumption of seeds
		Oil factory (RAFINA)	2,423	2,278	1,244	1,040	1,438
		Seeds	374	285	220	264	329
		Animal feed	50	66	40	67	48
Prices (Burundi francs per kilogram)
	Local price of cotton fiber
		First quality	349	452	498	520	580
		Second quality	212	278	400	410	450
	Export price of cotton fiber ^2/
		First quality	372	496	537	…	600
		Second quality	…	…	…	…	…
	Producer price of seed cotton
		First quality	60	65	75	85	95
		Second quality	30	35	45	75	85
	Equivalent producer price of cotton fiber
		First quality	150	160	187	213	288
		Second quality	74	88	112	188	213
	Sale price of seeds to RAFINA		14	14	15	15	25
Memorandum items:
	Producer price/export price of cotton fiber
		(first quality; percent)	40.3	32.3	34.8	…	48.0
	Real producer price of seed cotton
		(first quality) ^3/	272.5	297.4	257.5	205.0	195.5

Sources: Compagnie de Gérance Cotonnière (COGERCO); and Complexe Textile de Bujumbura (COTEBU).

^{^1/}Based on contracts signed by COTEBU.

^{^2/}Prices are f.o.b. Dar es Salaam or Mombasa; since 1984, cotton has been exported at ex factory prices.

^{^3/}Deflated by the consumer price index (January 1991=100).

Table 9.

Burundi: Tea Production, Exports, Stocks, and Prices, 1994–98

(In units indicated)

Source: Office du Thé du Burundi (OTB).

^{^1/}Quantities refer to tea leaving Bujumbura.

^{^2/}Calculated on the basis of sales contracts or auction prices.

^{^3/}Transport and other commercial costs.

Table 9.

Burundi: Tea Production, Exports, Stocks, and Prices, 1994–98

(In units indicated)

			1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
Production
	Area planted (hectares)		7,829	7,916	7,916	7,916	7,916
	Family holdings (hectares)		5,923	5,940	5,940	5,940	5,940
	Industrial blocks (hectares)		1,976	1,976	1,976	1,976	1,976
	Wastage factor (percent)		5	5	5	5	5
Production of green leaves (tons)			33,137	35,254	28,100	20,720	31,200
	Yield (kilograms per hectare)		4,233	4,454	3,550	2,617	3,941
Production of dry green leaves (tons)			6,864	6,993	5,715	4,170	6,500
	Teza		1,647	1,716	998	376	1,354
	Rwegura		2,313	2,033	1,761	1,583	1,895
	Tora		1,052	1,192	1,128	949	1,263
	Ijenda		1,480	1,673	1,712	1,138	1,624
	Buhoro		372	379	116	124	364
Exports (tons) ^1/			5,575	6,795	3,412	6,330	6,500
	Of which
		Private sales	1,376	1,480	987	2,037	5,200
Stocks (end of period; tons)			2,660	2,852	5,150	2,986	670
Prices (Burundi francs per kilogram)
	Producer price
		Planters	26	33	33	33	33
		Pickers (industrial blocks)	8	9	9	9	9
	Average unit export price ^2/		452	408	504	700	850
		Commercial freight ^3/	85	90	120	250	300
		Export price (f.o.b. Bujumbura)	367	318	384	450	550

Source: Office du Thé du Burundi (OTB).

^{^1/}Quantities refer to tea leaving Bujumbura.

^{^2/}Calculated on the basis of sales contracts or auction prices.

^{^3/}Transport and other commercial costs.

Table 9.

Burundi: Tea Production, Exports, Stocks, and Prices, 1994–98

(In units indicated)

			1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
Production
	Area planted (hectares)		7,829	7,916	7,916	7,916	7,916
	Family holdings (hectares)		5,923	5,940	5,940	5,940	5,940
	Industrial blocks (hectares)		1,976	1,976	1,976	1,976	1,976
	Wastage factor (percent)		5	5	5	5	5
Production of green leaves (tons)			33,137	35,254	28,100	20,720	31,200
	Yield (kilograms per hectare)		4,233	4,454	3,550	2,617	3,941
Production of dry green leaves (tons)			6,864	6,993	5,715	4,170	6,500
	Teza		1,647	1,716	998	376	1,354
	Rwegura		2,313	2,033	1,761	1,583	1,895
	Tora		1,052	1,192	1,128	949	1,263
	Ijenda		1,480	1,673	1,712	1,138	1,624
	Buhoro		372	379	116	124	364
Exports (tons) ^1/			5,575	6,795	3,412	6,330	6,500
	Of which
		Private sales	1,376	1,480	987	2,037	5,200
Stocks (end of period; tons)			2,660	2,852	5,150	2,986	670
Prices (Burundi francs per kilogram)
	Producer price
		Planters	26	33	33	33	33
		Pickers (industrial blocks)	8	9	9	9	9
	Average unit export price ^2/		452	408	504	700	850
		Commercial freight ^3/	85	90	120	250	300
		Export price (f.o.b. Bujumbura)	367	318	384	450	550

Source: Office du Thé du Burundi (OTB).

^{^1/}Quantities refer to tea leaving Bujumbura.

^{^2/}Calculated on the basis of sales contracts or auction prices.

^{^3/}Transport and other commercial costs.

Table 10.

Burundi: Production of the Manufacturing industries, 1994–98

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}From January to May 1998.

^{^2/}Cartons of 10,000 cigarettes except Kiyago, which is in cartons of 5,000 cigarettes.

^{^3/}Cartons of 1,000 boxes.

^{^4/}Cartons of 240 batteries.

Table 10.

Burundi: Production of the Manufacturing industries, 1994–98

Product		Unit of Measurement	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998 ^1/
						Est.
Beer		Hectoliters	1,382,670	1,404,212	1,227,921	1,161,232	500,380
	Primus	Hectoliters	1,187,058	1,148,948	997,188	983,683	431,305
	Amstel	Hectoliters	195,612	255,264	230,733	177,549	69,075
Carbonated beverages		Hectoliters	201,400	219,746	179,079	146,580	62,550
Flour		Tons	669	472	367	…	…
Biscuits		Tons	4	…	…	…	…
Milk		Millions of liters	1	1	1	0.30	0.12
Dairy products		Kilograms	40,132	…	…	…	…
Cottonseed oil		Liters	279,900	211,450	234,600	199,715	7,900
Sugar		Tons	12,268	15,300	17,756	19,582	…
Animal feed		Tons	2,443	1,909	2,339	1,591	422
Cigarettes ^2/		Cartons	58,458	52,248	44,986	37,714	15,041
Paint		Tons	591	529	407	369	160
Insecticides		Tons	3,885	2,406	2,418	2,374	151
Oxygen		Cubic meters	33,636	29,119	26,195	30,049	12,554
Acetylene		Kilograms	4,705	3,279	1,871	…	…
Polyethylene		Kilograms	292,847	267,247	240,205	181,834	63,794
Mattresses		Units	50,225	29,505	29,587	23,984	14,757
Plastic cases		Units	48,904	50,409	49,093	21,276	4,896
Household soap		Tons	5,292	5,262	3,111	2,431	1,445
Toilet soap		Tons	409	306	259	332	106
Pharmaceutical products		Millions of Burundi francs	272	243	294	328	198
Matches ^3/		Cartons	13,374	11,544	256	…	…
Bottles		Tons	5,106	3,704	2,463	2,061	…
Blankets		Units	248,438	137,708	116,245	21,727	7,485
Fabrics		Millions of square meters	5	4	5	5	2
Shoes		Pairs	74,890	10,000	…	…	…
P.V.C. tubes		Tons	188	214	113	68	38
Cement		Tons	…	…	…	…	…
Fibro-cement products		Tons	799	566	249	686	337
Corrugated metal sheets		Tons	564	86	0	486	425
Steel rods		Tons	307	285	118	146	5
Toilet paper		Tons	14	18	86	46	5
Bottle caps		Millions of units	283	274	272	141	136
Batteries ^4/		Cartons	28,867	…	14,453	…	…
Cardboard boxes		Tons	287	154	…	…	…

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}From January to May 1998.

^{^2/}Cartons of 10,000 cigarettes except Kiyago, which is in cartons of 5,000 cigarettes.

^{^3/}Cartons of 1,000 boxes.

^{^4/}Cartons of 240 batteries.

Table 10.

Burundi: Production of the Manufacturing industries, 1994–98

Product		Unit of Measurement	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998 ^1/
						Est.
Beer		Hectoliters	1,382,670	1,404,212	1,227,921	1,161,232	500,380
	Primus	Hectoliters	1,187,058	1,148,948	997,188	983,683	431,305
	Amstel	Hectoliters	195,612	255,264	230,733	177,549	69,075
Carbonated beverages		Hectoliters	201,400	219,746	179,079	146,580	62,550
Flour		Tons	669	472	367	…	…
Biscuits		Tons	4	…	…	…	…
Milk		Millions of liters	1	1	1	0.30	0.12
Dairy products		Kilograms	40,132	…	…	…	…
Cottonseed oil		Liters	279,900	211,450	234,600	199,715	7,900
Sugar		Tons	12,268	15,300	17,756	19,582	…
Animal feed		Tons	2,443	1,909	2,339	1,591	422
Cigarettes ^2/		Cartons	58,458	52,248	44,986	37,714	15,041
Paint		Tons	591	529	407	369	160
Insecticides		Tons	3,885	2,406	2,418	2,374	151
Oxygen		Cubic meters	33,636	29,119	26,195	30,049	12,554
Acetylene		Kilograms	4,705	3,279	1,871	…	…
Polyethylene		Kilograms	292,847	267,247	240,205	181,834	63,794
Mattresses		Units	50,225	29,505	29,587	23,984	14,757
Plastic cases		Units	48,904	50,409	49,093	21,276	4,896
Household soap		Tons	5,292	5,262	3,111	2,431	1,445
Toilet soap		Tons	409	306	259	332	106
Pharmaceutical products		Millions of Burundi francs	272	243	294	328	198
Matches ^3/		Cartons	13,374	11,544	256	…	…
Bottles		Tons	5,106	3,704	2,463	2,061	…
Blankets		Units	248,438	137,708	116,245	21,727	7,485
Fabrics		Millions of square meters	5	4	5	5	2
Shoes		Pairs	74,890	10,000	…	…	…
P.V.C. tubes		Tons	188	214	113	68	38
Cement		Tons	…	…	…	…	…
Fibro-cement products		Tons	799	566	249	686	337
Corrugated metal sheets		Tons	564	86	0	486	425
Steel rods		Tons	307	285	118	146	5
Toilet paper		Tons	14	18	86	46	5
Bottle caps		Millions of units	283	274	272	141	136
Batteries ^4/		Cartons	28,867	…	14,453	…	…
Cardboard boxes		Tons	287	154	…	…	…

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}From January to May 1998.

^{^2/}Cartons of 10,000 cigarettes except Kiyago, which is in cartons of 5,000 cigarettes.

^{^3/}Cartons of 1,000 boxes.

^{^4/}Cartons of 240 batteries.

Table 11.

Burundi: Energy Production, Imports, and Consumption, 1994–98

Sources: Régie de Distribution d’Eau et d’Electricité (REGIDESO); and Société d’Entreposage de Produits Petroliers (SEP).

^{^1/}From January to June.

^{^2/}Customs data.

Table 11.

Burundi: Energy Production, Imports, and Consumption, 1994–98

				1994	1995	1996	1997	1998 ^1/
				(In units indicated)
Electricity (in thousands of kilowatt-hours)
	Production			82,675	97,199	99,262	87,804	50,340
	Imports			64,064	31,001	3,854	42,860	15,317
		Ruzizil		16,596	11,261	3,819	18,846	8,375
		Ruzizi II		47,468	19,740	35	24,014	6,942
Consumption				124,800	97,476	92,686	92,200	52,948
	Of which
		Industry		38,109	43,400	45,400	44,500	…
Domestic rate (Burundi francs per kilowatt-hour)				22	22	22	22	22
Petroleum products
	Consumption (tons)			82,469	70,118	48,197	39,888	24,983
	Imports (tons)			79,175	71,183	45,785	48,651	22,039
	Stocks at end of period (tons)			4,735	5,800	3,388	12,151	9,207
	Unit value of imports
		(Thousands of Burundi francs per ton) ^2/		92.6	93.4	120.4	100.0	190.2
	Import value
		(Millions of Burundi francs) ^2/		7,328	6,645	5,511	4,863	4,192
				(Annual changes in percent)
Electricity
	Production			-18	18	2	-12	…
	Imports			34	-52	-88	1,012	…
	Consumption			0	-22	-5	-1	…
		Of which
			Industry	11	14	5	-2	…
Petroleum products
	Consumption			29	-15	-31	-17	…
	Imports			21	-10	-36	6	…
	Stocks at end of period			-37	22	-42	259	…
	Unit value of imports (in Burundi francs)			2	1	29	-17	…
	Import value (in Burundi francs)			27	-9	-17	-12	…

Sources: Régie de Distribution d’Eau et d’Electricité (REGIDESO); and Société d’Entreposage de Produits Petroliers (SEP).

^{^1/}From January to June.

^{^2/}Customs data.

Table 11.

Burundi: Energy Production, Imports, and Consumption, 1994–98

				1994	1995	1996	1997	1998 ^1/
				(In units indicated)
Electricity (in thousands of kilowatt-hours)
	Production			82,675	97,199	99,262	87,804	50,340
	Imports			64,064	31,001	3,854	42,860	15,317
		Ruzizil		16,596	11,261	3,819	18,846	8,375
		Ruzizi II		47,468	19,740	35	24,014	6,942
Consumption				124,800	97,476	92,686	92,200	52,948
	Of which
		Industry		38,109	43,400	45,400	44,500	…
Domestic rate (Burundi francs per kilowatt-hour)				22	22	22	22	22
Petroleum products
	Consumption (tons)			82,469	70,118	48,197	39,888	24,983
	Imports (tons)			79,175	71,183	45,785	48,651	22,039
	Stocks at end of period (tons)			4,735	5,800	3,388	12,151	9,207
	Unit value of imports
		(Thousands of Burundi francs per ton) ^2/		92.6	93.4	120.4	100.0	190.2
	Import value
		(Millions of Burundi francs) ^2/		7,328	6,645	5,511	4,863	4,192
				(Annual changes in percent)
Electricity
	Production			-18	18	2	-12	…
	Imports			34	-52	-88	1,012	…
	Consumption			0	-22	-5	-1	…
		Of which
			Industry	11	14	5	-2	…
Petroleum products
	Consumption			29	-15	-31	-17	…
	Imports			21	-10	-36	6	…
	Stocks at end of period			-37	22	-42	259	…
	Unit value of imports (in Burundi francs)			2	1	29	-17	…
	Import value (in Burundi francs)			27	-9	-17	-12	…

Sources: Régie de Distribution d’Eau et d’Electricité (REGIDESO); and Société d’Entreposage de Produits Petroliers (SEP).

^{^1/}From January to June.

^{^2/}Customs data.

Table 12.

Burundi: Retail Prices of Petroleum Products, 1994–98

(Burundi francs per liter)

Source: Ministry of Commerce and Industry.

^{^1/}As of December, 23, 1995.

^{^2/}The price of gasoline for 1996 was set at FBu 190 per liter on July 15, 1996; FBu 270 per liter on September 20, 1996; and FBu 350 per liter on November 7, 1996.

^{^3/}The price of kerosene for 1996 was set at FBu 165 per liter on July 15,1996.

^{^4/}The price of diesel fuel for 1996 was set at FBu 170 per liter on July 15, 1996; FBu 240 per liter on September 20, 1996; and FBu 350 per liter on November 7, 1996.

Table 12.

Burundi: Retail Prices of Petroleum Products, 1994–98

(Burundi francs per liter)

	1994	1995 ^1/	1996	1997	1998 End- October
Super gasoline ^2/	140	160	350	350	350
Kerosene ^3/	130	142	165	165	165
Diesel fuel ^4/	130	145	320	320	320

Source: Ministry of Commerce and Industry.

^{^1/}As of December, 23, 1995.

^{^2/}The price of gasoline for 1996 was set at FBu 190 per liter on July 15, 1996; FBu 270 per liter on September 20, 1996; and FBu 350 per liter on November 7, 1996.

^{^3/}The price of kerosene for 1996 was set at FBu 165 per liter on July 15,1996.

^{^4/}The price of diesel fuel for 1996 was set at FBu 170 per liter on July 15, 1996; FBu 240 per liter on September 20, 1996; and FBu 350 per liter on November 7, 1996.

Table 12.

Burundi: Retail Prices of Petroleum Products, 1994–98

(Burundi francs per liter)

	1994	1995 ^1/	1996	1997	1998 End- October
Super gasoline ^2/	140	160	350	350	350
Kerosene ^3/	130	142	165	165	165
Diesel fuel ^4/	130	145	320	320	320

Source: Ministry of Commerce and Industry.

^{^1/}As of December, 23, 1995.

^{^2/}The price of gasoline for 1996 was set at FBu 190 per liter on July 15, 1996; FBu 270 per liter on September 20, 1996; and FBu 350 per liter on November 7, 1996.

^{^3/}The price of kerosene for 1996 was set at FBu 165 per liter on July 15,1996.

^{^4/}The price of diesel fuel for 1996 was set at FBu 170 per liter on July 15, 1996; FBu 240 per liter on September 20, 1996; and FBu 350 per liter on November 7, 1996.

Table 13.

Burundi: Minimum Wages, 1994–98

Source: Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs.

^{^1/}As of April 30, 1998

^{^2/}Bujumbura and Gitega.

^{^3/}Deflated by the consumer price index (January 1991 = 100).

^{^4/}Converted using period-average exchange rates.

Table 13.

Burundi: Minimum Wages, 1994–98

		1994	1995	1996	1997	1998 ^1/
		(In Burundi francs per day)
Urban areas ^2/		160	160	160	160	160
Rest of the country		105	105	105	105	105
		(In real terms) ^3/
Urban areas ^2/		124.8	104.6	82.7	63.1	53.9
Rest of the country		81.9	68.6	54.3	41.4	35.4
		(In U.S. dollars) ^4/
Urban areas 2/		0.63	0.64	0.53	0.45	0.37
Rest of the country		0.42	0.42	0.35	0.30	0.24
Memorandum items:
	Consumer price index (January 1991=100)	128.2	153.0	193.4.	253.6	296.6
	Exchange rate (FBu/US$; period average)	252.7	249.8	302.8	352.4	435.2

Source: Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs.

^{^1/}As of April 30, 1998

^{^2/}Bujumbura and Gitega.

^{^3/}Deflated by the consumer price index (January 1991 = 100).

^{^4/}Converted using period-average exchange rates.

Table 13.

Burundi: Minimum Wages, 1994–98

		1994	1995	1996	1997	1998 ^1/
		(In Burundi francs per day)
Urban areas ^2/		160	160	160	160	160
Rest of the country		105	105	105	105	105
		(In real terms) ^3/
Urban areas ^2/		124.8	104.6	82.7	63.1	53.9
Rest of the country		81.9	68.6	54.3	41.4	35.4
		(In U.S. dollars) ^4/
Urban areas 2/		0.63	0.64	0.53	0.45	0.37
Rest of the country		0.42	0.42	0.35	0.30	0.24
Memorandum items:
	Consumer price index (January 1991=100)	128.2	153.0	193.4.	253.6	296.6
	Exchange rate (FBu/US$; period average)	252.7	249.8	302.8	352.4	435.2

Source: Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs.

^{^1/}As of April 30, 1998

^{^2/}Bujumbura and Gitega.

^{^3/}Deflated by the consumer price index (January 1991 = 100).

^{^4/}Converted using period-average exchange rates.

Table 14.

Burundi: Consumer Price Index for Households in Bujumbura, 1994–98

(January 1991=100)

Sources: Institut de Statistiques et des Etudes Economiques du Burundi; and Fund staff projections.

^{^1/}Average percent changes for annual data; year-on-year changes for quarterly and monthly data.

^{^2/}Projection.

Table 14.

Burundi: Consumer Price Index for Households in Bujumbura, 1994–98

(January 1991=100)

		Food	Clothing	Housing, Heating, and Light	Furniture	Health	Transport	Culture, Education, and Leisure	Other	General Index	Change of General Index ^1/
Basket weight		52.6	5.4	27.4	49.1	0.7	5.4	1.9	1.7	100.0
1994		133.7	136.0	119.2	140.9	137.4	101.4	123.4	127.4	128.2	14.9
1995		160.4	157.0	148.0	153.7	166.8	102.0	134.2	153.8	153.0	19.4
	Q1	153.4	144.5	128.4	145.5	165.4	102.0	129.8	147.2	142.7	18.7
	Q2	163.8	154.6	138.6	152.2	165.4	102.0	132.0	152.2	151.9	21.1
	Q3	161.9	160.7	159.7	159.0	165.4	102.0	135.5	155.2	157.4	18.7
	Q4	162.5	168.2	165.3	158.1	170.8	102.0	139.4	160.7	159.9	19.0
1996		199.0	199.3	192.1	170.3	210.2	176.4	155.5	172.7	193.4	26.4
	Q1	174.2	178.3	182.7	161.7	177.3	162.2	143.4	163.1	174.8	22.4
	Q2	186.4	183.2	182.8	165.0	195.2	162.2	143.8	168.4	181.6	19.6
	Q3	208.0	194.3	197.5	170.8	228.1	180.0	143.5	170.4	199.7	26.9
	Q4	227.4	241.4	205.3	183.5	240.3	201.4	191.2	188.9	217.4	36.0
1997		268.7	308.7	235.4	201.6	241.0	229.1	200.9	210.0	253.6	31.1
	Q1	246.4	276.6	214.5	187.1	223.3	206.7	194.5	196.1	232.1	32.8
	Q2	270.2	334.6	219.7	199.4	251.4	216.3	194.9	203.3	250.6	38.0
	Q3	269.4	312.9	234.9	205.5	248.0	262.4	191.9	211.7	256.1	28.2
	Q4	288.6	310.6	272.4	214.4	241.4	231.0	222.3	229.1	275.5	26.7
1998 ^2/		…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	296.6	17.0
	Q1	313.4	326.3	278.0	217.7	243.8	216.9	229.0	228.1	290.3	25.1
	January	328.6	319.6	274.9	211.2	261.4	216.8	229.9	230.6	297.1	30.9
	February	298.2	329.1	275.5	222.4	261.4	216.8	236.6	226.2	282.5	22.1
	March	313.4	330.1	283.5	219.4	208.7	217.0	220.5	227.5	291.2	22.4
	Q2	318.0	329.0	276.8	223.6	214.5	217.1	215.7	227.9	291.9	16.5
	April	322.8	331.8	281.7	225.3	215.3	217.0	218.2	227.5	296.0	23.1
	May	323.1	325.0	276.8	224.7	215.3	217.1	214.4	228.4	294.4	13.1
	June	308.0	330.1	271.8	220.8	213.0	217.1	214.4	227.7	285.4	13.7

Sources: Institut de Statistiques et des Etudes Economiques du Burundi; and Fund staff projections.

^{^1/}Average percent changes for annual data; year-on-year changes for quarterly and monthly data.

^{^2/}Projection.

Table 14.

Burundi: Consumer Price Index for Households in Bujumbura, 1994–98

(January 1991=100)

		Food	Clothing	Housing, Heating, and Light	Furniture	Health	Transport	Culture, Education, and Leisure	Other	General Index	Change of General Index ^1/
Basket weight		52.6	5.4	27.4	49.1	0.7	5.4	1.9	1.7	100.0
1994		133.7	136.0	119.2	140.9	137.4	101.4	123.4	127.4	128.2	14.9
1995		160.4	157.0	148.0	153.7	166.8	102.0	134.2	153.8	153.0	19.4
	Q1	153.4	144.5	128.4	145.5	165.4	102.0	129.8	147.2	142.7	18.7
	Q2	163.8	154.6	138.6	152.2	165.4	102.0	132.0	152.2	151.9	21.1
	Q3	161.9	160.7	159.7	159.0	165.4	102.0	135.5	155.2	157.4	18.7
	Q4	162.5	168.2	165.3	158.1	170.8	102.0	139.4	160.7	159.9	19.0
1996		199.0	199.3	192.1	170.3	210.2	176.4	155.5	172.7	193.4	26.4
	Q1	174.2	178.3	182.7	161.7	177.3	162.2	143.4	163.1	174.8	22.4
	Q2	186.4	183.2	182.8	165.0	195.2	162.2	143.8	168.4	181.6	19.6
	Q3	208.0	194.3	197.5	170.8	228.1	180.0	143.5	170.4	199.7	26.9
	Q4	227.4	241.4	205.3	183.5	240.3	201.4	191.2	188.9	217.4	36.0
1997		268.7	308.7	235.4	201.6	241.0	229.1	200.9	210.0	253.6	31.1
	Q1	246.4	276.6	214.5	187.1	223.3	206.7	194.5	196.1	232.1	32.8
	Q2	270.2	334.6	219.7	199.4	251.4	216.3	194.9	203.3	250.6	38.0
	Q3	269.4	312.9	234.9	205.5	248.0	262.4	191.9	211.7	256.1	28.2
	Q4	288.6	310.6	272.4	214.4	241.4	231.0	222.3	229.1	275.5	26.7
1998 ^2/		…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	296.6	17.0
	Q1	313.4	326.3	278.0	217.7	243.8	216.9	229.0	228.1	290.3	25.1
	January	328.6	319.6	274.9	211.2	261.4	216.8	229.9	230.6	297.1	30.9
	February	298.2	329.1	275.5	222.4	261.4	216.8	236.6	226.2	282.5	22.1
	March	313.4	330.1	283.5	219.4	208.7	217.0	220.5	227.5	291.2	22.4
	Q2	318.0	329.0	276.8	223.6	214.5	217.1	215.7	227.9	291.9	16.5
	April	322.8	331.8	281.7	225.3	215.3	217.0	218.2	227.5	296.0	23.1
	May	323.1	325.0	276.8	224.7	215.3	217.1	214.4	228.4	294.4	13.1
	June	308.0	330.1	271.8	220.8	213.0	217.1	214.4	227.7	285.4	13.7

Sources: Institut de Statistiques et des Etudes Economiques du Burundi; and Fund staff projections.

^{^1/}Average percent changes for annual data; year-on-year changes for quarterly and monthly data.

^{^2/}Projection.

Table 15.

Burundi: Central Government Financial Operations, 1994–98

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 15.

Burundi: Central Government Financial Operations, 1994–98

				1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
				(In billions of Burundi francs)
Revenue and grants				47.9	53.2	48.5	56.6	64.5
Revenue				42.2	44.1	42.3	46.3	53.2
	Tax revenue			38.9	41.5	35.4	43.7	50.3
		Income tax		8.4	9.4	10.6	11.9	12.0
		Taxes on goods and services		17.7	19.0	16.9	22.0	23.0
		Taxes on international trade		12.5	12.8	7.5	8.9	15.2
		Other tax revenue		0.3	0.3	0.4	0.9	0.1
	Nontax revenue			3.3	2.7	7.0	2.6	2.9
Grants				5.7	9.1	6.1	10.3	11.3
	Current grants			1.1	3.1	0.1	6.1
	Capital grants			4.6	6.0	6.0	4.2	5.2
Expenditure and net lending				57.9	65.3	76.0	74.9	82.5
	Current expenditure			39.1	45.1	48.1	61.4	61.2
		Salaries		17.4	18.1	21.5	24.1	25.6
		Goods and services		10.4	12.6	13.0	18.3	21.4
		Transfers and subsidies		5.8	7.0	5.9	5.7	7.6
		Interest payments		3.6	4.5	5.1	6.7	6.6
			Domestic	0.7	1.0	1.0	2.8	2.2
			Foreign	2.9	3.5	4.1	3.9	4.4
		Extrabudgetary/exceptional expenditure		1.9	2.9	2.6	6.6	0.0
	Capital expenditure			21.0	20.7	28.4	16.9	21.3
		Domestic resources		4.1	4.6	8.5	3.5	3.0
		Project lending		12.3	10.1	13.9	9.2	13.1
		Capital grants		4.6	6.0	6.0	4.2	5.2
	Net lending			-2.1	-0.4	-0.5	-3.4	0.0
Current primary balance				4.5	1.8	-6.6	-5.3	-4.4
Overall balance (commitment basis)
	Including grants			-10.1	-12.2	-27.6	-18.3	-18.0
	Excluding grants			-15.7	-21.2	-33.7	-28.6	-29.3
Change in arrears (reduction -)				0.3	4.6	10.1	6.0	10.9
		External		1.0	2.3	7.5	5.5	7.1
		Domestic		-0.7	2.3	2.6	0.5	3.8
Overall balance (cash basis)				-9.7	-7.6	-17.5	-12.3	-7.1
Financing				9.7	7.6	17.5	12.3	7.1
	Foreign			6.3	3.6	2.2	1.3	3.5
		Drawings		12.8	12.4	13.9	9.2	13.1
		Amortization		-6.5	-8.8	-11.7	-7.9	-9.6
	Domestic			3.4	4.0	15.3	11.0	3.6
		Banking sector		3.7	-2.9	11.1	11.0	3.6
		Nonbank sector		-0.3	6.9	4.2	0.0	0.0
	Financing gap (deficit +)			0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
				(In percent of GDP, unless otherwise indicated)
Memorandum items:
	Revenue, excluding grants			18.1	17.7	15.5	13.7	12.5
	Current expenditure			16.8	18.0	17.6	18.2	14.4
	Current primary balance (excluding grants)			1.9	0.7	-2.4	-1.6	-1.0
	Capital expenditure			9.0	8.3	10.4	5.0	5.0
	Total expenditure and net lending			24.8	26.1	27.9	22.2	19.4
	Overall balance (commitment basis)
		Including grants		-4.3	-4.9	-10.1	-5.4	-4.2
		Excluding grants		-6.7	-8.5	-12.4	-8.5	-6.9
	Overall balance (cash basis)			-4.2	-3.0	-6.4	-3.7	-1.7
		Domestic financing		1.5	1.6	5.6	3.3	0.8
		Foreign financing		2.7	1.4	0.8	0.4	0.8
	GDP (in billions of Burundi francs)			233.3	249.9	272.6	337.3	425.1

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 15.

Burundi: Central Government Financial Operations, 1994–98

				1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
				(In billions of Burundi francs)
Revenue and grants				47.9	53.2	48.5	56.6	64.5
Revenue				42.2	44.1	42.3	46.3	53.2
	Tax revenue			38.9	41.5	35.4	43.7	50.3
		Income tax		8.4	9.4	10.6	11.9	12.0
		Taxes on goods and services		17.7	19.0	16.9	22.0	23.0
		Taxes on international trade		12.5	12.8	7.5	8.9	15.2
		Other tax revenue		0.3	0.3	0.4	0.9	0.1
	Nontax revenue			3.3	2.7	7.0	2.6	2.9
Grants				5.7	9.1	6.1	10.3	11.3
	Current grants			1.1	3.1	0.1	6.1
	Capital grants			4.6	6.0	6.0	4.2	5.2
Expenditure and net lending				57.9	65.3	76.0	74.9	82.5
	Current expenditure			39.1	45.1	48.1	61.4	61.2
		Salaries		17.4	18.1	21.5	24.1	25.6
		Goods and services		10.4	12.6	13.0	18.3	21.4
		Transfers and subsidies		5.8	7.0	5.9	5.7	7.6
		Interest payments		3.6	4.5	5.1	6.7	6.6
			Domestic	0.7	1.0	1.0	2.8	2.2
			Foreign	2.9	3.5	4.1	3.9	4.4
		Extrabudgetary/exceptional expenditure		1.9	2.9	2.6	6.6	0.0
	Capital expenditure			21.0	20.7	28.4	16.9	21.3
		Domestic resources		4.1	4.6	8.5	3.5	3.0
		Project lending		12.3	10.1	13.9	9.2	13.1
		Capital grants		4.6	6.0	6.0	4.2	5.2
	Net lending			-2.1	-0.4	-0.5	-3.4	0.0
Current primary balance				4.5	1.8	-6.6	-5.3	-4.4
Overall balance (commitment basis)
	Including grants			-10.1	-12.2	-27.6	-18.3	-18.0
	Excluding grants			-15.7	-21.2	-33.7	-28.6	-29.3
Change in arrears (reduction -)				0.3	4.6	10.1	6.0	10.9
		External		1.0	2.3	7.5	5.5	7.1
		Domestic		-0.7	2.3	2.6	0.5	3.8
Overall balance (cash basis)				-9.7	-7.6	-17.5	-12.3	-7.1
Financing				9.7	7.6	17.5	12.3	7.1
	Foreign			6.3	3.6	2.2	1.3	3.5
		Drawings		12.8	12.4	13.9	9.2	13.1
		Amortization		-6.5	-8.8	-11.7	-7.9	-9.6
	Domestic			3.4	4.0	15.3	11.0	3.6
		Banking sector		3.7	-2.9	11.1	11.0	3.6
		Nonbank sector		-0.3	6.9	4.2	0.0	0.0
	Financing gap (deficit +)			0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
				(In percent of GDP, unless otherwise indicated)
Memorandum items:
	Revenue, excluding grants			18.1	17.7	15.5	13.7	12.5
	Current expenditure			16.8	18.0	17.6	18.2	14.4
	Current primary balance (excluding grants)			1.9	0.7	-2.4	-1.6	-1.0
	Capital expenditure			9.0	8.3	10.4	5.0	5.0
	Total expenditure and net lending			24.8	26.1	27.9	22.2	19.4
	Overall balance (commitment basis)
		Including grants		-4.3	-4.9	-10.1	-5.4	-4.2
		Excluding grants		-6.7	-8.5	-12.4	-8.5	-6.9
	Overall balance (cash basis)			-4.2	-3.0	-6.4	-3.7	-1.7
		Domestic financing		1.5	1.6	5.6	3.3	0.8
		Foreign financing		2.7	1.4	0.8	0.4	0.8
	GDP (in billions of Burundi francs)			233.3	249.9	272.6	337.3	425.1

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 16.

Burundi: Central Government Revenue, 1994–98

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 16.

Burundi: Central Government Revenue, 1994–98

				1994	1995	1996	1997 Est	1998 Proj.
				(In billions of Burundi francs)
Tax revenue				38.9	41.5	35.4	43.7	50.3
	Tax on income and profits			8.4	9.4	10.6	11.9	12.0
		Individual		4.1	3.9	4.9	5.7	5.9
		Corporate		3.9	4.9	5.4	5.7	5.7
		Other		0.4	0.5	0.3	0.5	0.4
	Tax on property			0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0
	Taxes on goods and services			17.7	19.0	16.9	22.0	23.0
		Transaction tax		6.7	7.1	6.1	8.6	8.9
		Excise tax		10.7	11.9	10.8	13.1	13.7
		Other taxes on goods and services		0.4	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.4
	Taxes on international trade			12.5	12.8	7.5	8.9	15.2
		Import duties		6.9	7.7	5.9	5.8	9.9
		Export duties		5.4	4.9	1.3	3.0	5.3
			Of which: coffee	5.3	4.7	1.2	0.6	5.2
		Other		0.1	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.3
	Other tax revenue			0.1	0.1	0.2	0.9	0.1
Nontax revenue				3.3	2.7	7.0	2.6	2.9
	Dividends and profits			2.6	1.9	6.0	1.3	1.5
	Administrative receipts			0.5	0.3	0.4	0.7	0.8
	Other nontax revenue			0.2	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6
Total revenue				42.2	44.1	42.3	46.3	53.2
				(In percent of total revenue)
Tax revenue				92.2	94.0	83.6	94.4	94.5
	Tax on income and profits			19.9	21.2	25.1	25.7	22.6
	Tax on property			0.5	0.5	0.5	0.0	0.0
	Taxes on goods and services			42.0	43.1	39.9	47.5	43.2
	Taxes on international trade			29.6	28.9	17.7	19.2	28.6
	Other tax revenue			0.2	0.2	0.5	1.9	0.2
Nontax revenue				7.8	6.0	16.4	5.6	5.5
				(In percent of GDP)
Tax revenue				16.7	16.6	13.0	13.0	11.8
	Tax on income and profits			3.6	3.7	3.9	3.5	2.8
	Tax on property			0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0
	Taxes on goods and services			7.6	7.6	6.2	6.5	5.4
	Taxes on international trade			5.4	5.1	2.7	2.6	3.6
	Other tax revenue			0.0	0.0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Nontax revenue				1.4	1.1	2.6	0.8	0.7
				(Annual percentage change)
Tax revenue				12.5	6.5	-14.6	23.5	15.1
	Tax on income and profits			-20.9	11.4	13.4	12.1	0.8
	Tax on property			21.4	-1.8	0.4	-100.0	…
	Taxes on goods and services			15.9	7.2	-11.1	30.3	4.5
	Taxes on international trade			50.3	2.3	-41.4	19.0	70.8
	Other tax revenue			-47.1	0.0	100.0	350.0	-90.0
Nontax revenue				-36.6	-19.3	162.2	-62.6	11.5
Memorandum item:
	Nominal GDP (in billions of Burundi francs)			233.3	249.9	272.6	337.3	425.1

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 16.

Burundi: Central Government Revenue, 1994–98

				1994	1995	1996	1997 Est	1998 Proj.
				(In billions of Burundi francs)
Tax revenue				38.9	41.5	35.4	43.7	50.3
	Tax on income and profits			8.4	9.4	10.6	11.9	12.0
		Individual		4.1	3.9	4.9	5.7	5.9
		Corporate		3.9	4.9	5.4	5.7	5.7
		Other		0.4	0.5	0.3	0.5	0.4
	Tax on property			0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0
	Taxes on goods and services			17.7	19.0	16.9	22.0	23.0
		Transaction tax		6.7	7.1	6.1	8.6	8.9
		Excise tax		10.7	11.9	10.8	13.1	13.7
		Other taxes on goods and services		0.4	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.4
	Taxes on international trade			12.5	12.8	7.5	8.9	15.2
		Import duties		6.9	7.7	5.9	5.8	9.9
		Export duties		5.4	4.9	1.3	3.0	5.3
			Of which: coffee	5.3	4.7	1.2	0.6	5.2
		Other		0.1	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.3
	Other tax revenue			0.1	0.1	0.2	0.9	0.1
Nontax revenue				3.3	2.7	7.0	2.6	2.9
	Dividends and profits			2.6	1.9	6.0	1.3	1.5
	Administrative receipts			0.5	0.3	0.4	0.7	0.8
	Other nontax revenue			0.2	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6
Total revenue				42.2	44.1	42.3	46.3	53.2
				(In percent of total revenue)
Tax revenue				92.2	94.0	83.6	94.4	94.5
	Tax on income and profits			19.9	21.2	25.1	25.7	22.6
	Tax on property			0.5	0.5	0.5	0.0	0.0
	Taxes on goods and services			42.0	43.1	39.9	47.5	43.2
	Taxes on international trade			29.6	28.9	17.7	19.2	28.6
	Other tax revenue			0.2	0.2	0.5	1.9	0.2
Nontax revenue				7.8	6.0	16.4	5.6	5.5
				(In percent of GDP)
Tax revenue				16.7	16.6	13.0	13.0	11.8
	Tax on income and profits			3.6	3.7	3.9	3.5	2.8
	Tax on property			0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0
	Taxes on goods and services			7.6	7.6	6.2	6.5	5.4
	Taxes on international trade			5.4	5.1	2.7	2.6	3.6
	Other tax revenue			0.0	0.0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Nontax revenue				1.4	1.1	2.6	0.8	0.7
				(Annual percentage change)
Tax revenue				12.5	6.5	-14.6	23.5	15.1
	Tax on income and profits			-20.9	11.4	13.4	12.1	0.8
	Tax on property			21.4	-1.8	0.4	-100.0	…
	Taxes on goods and services			15.9	7.2	-11.1	30.3	4.5
	Taxes on international trade			50.3	2.3	-41.4	19.0	70.8
	Other tax revenue			-47.1	0.0	100.0	350.0	-90.0
Nontax revenue				-36.6	-19.3	162.2	-62.6	11.5
Memorandum item:
	Nominal GDP (in billions of Burundi francs)			233.3	249.9	272.6	337.3	425.1

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 17.

Burundi: Import Duty Exemptions, 1994–98

(In millions of Burundi francs, unless otherwise specified)

Source: Burundi authorities.

Table 17.

Burundi: Import Duty Exemptions, 1994–98

(In millions of Burundi francs, unless otherwise specified)

			Beneficiaries
			Diplomatic missions	Government	Non- government organizations	Investments	Other exemptions	Total Exemptions	Total Imports c.i.f.	Exemptions/ Imports Ratio (Percent)
1994			1,534	7,013	470	120	3,763	12,900	60,468	21.3
1995			1,612	5,317	577	32	3,164	10,702	51,061	21.0
1996			1,021	2,987	525	34	3,269	7,836	36,861	21.3
	January		125	224	99	1	385	835	4,950	16.9
	February		160	548	87	0	283	1,078	4,723	22.8
	March		252	530	31	17	459	1,289	4,826	26.7
	April		132	606	89	6	185	1,017	5,714	17.8
	May		161	204	38	0	556	959	2,837	33.8
	June		66	297	35	5	513	916	4,434	20.7
	July		71	323	32	5	499	930	3,958	23.5
	August		25	121	82	1	81	310	2,733	11.3
	September		0	40	21	0	5	67	447	15.1
	October		1	18	8	0	74	101	738	13.7
	November		3	35	2	0	87	127	659	19.2
	December		26	40	0	0	141	207	844	24.5
1997
	January		7	161	1	0	95	265	2,079	12.7
	February		16	130	21	1	102	271	1,276	21.2
	March		112	85	182	0	140	519	2,556	20.3
	April		89	134	74	0	51	348	2,328	14.9
	May		82	243	69	5	280	680	4,050	16.8
	June		145	144	198	0	235	722	3,490	20.7
	July		144	57	100	0	147	447	3,757	11.9
	August		198	161	183	60	100	702	3,376	20.8
	September		201	61	122	1	909	1,294	5,429	23.8
	October		130	152	176	0	132	592	4,587	12.9
	November		104	79	319	1	164	667	4,900	13.6
	December		238	395	247	16	247	1,143	5,617	20.3
Total			1,467	1,802	1,691	85	2,604	7,648	43,445	17.6
1998
	January		63	45	73	0	124	304	3,508	8.7
	February		83	106	219	0	174	582	4,054	14.3
	March		102	81	264	0	193	640	5,786	11.1
	April		349	0	71	0	817	1,237	7,031	17.6
	May		97	109	85	0	409	699	5,729	12.2
	June		215	403	135	50	294	1,096	6,745	16.2
		Total (January–June, 1998)	909	742	847	50	2,010	4,557	32,853	13.9

Source: Burundi authorities.

Table 17.

Burundi: Import Duty Exemptions, 1994–98

(In millions of Burundi francs, unless otherwise specified)

			Beneficiaries
			Diplomatic missions	Government	Non- government organizations	Investments	Other exemptions	Total Exemptions	Total Imports c.i.f.	Exemptions/ Imports Ratio (Percent)
1994			1,534	7,013	470	120	3,763	12,900	60,468	21.3
1995			1,612	5,317	577	32	3,164	10,702	51,061	21.0
1996			1,021	2,987	525	34	3,269	7,836	36,861	21.3
	January		125	224	99	1	385	835	4,950	16.9
	February		160	548	87	0	283	1,078	4,723	22.8
	March		252	530	31	17	459	1,289	4,826	26.7
	April		132	606	89	6	185	1,017	5,714	17.8
	May		161	204	38	0	556	959	2,837	33.8
	June		66	297	35	5	513	916	4,434	20.7
	July		71	323	32	5	499	930	3,958	23.5
	August		25	121	82	1	81	310	2,733	11.3
	September		0	40	21	0	5	67	447	15.1
	October		1	18	8	0	74	101	738	13.7
	November		3	35	2	0	87	127	659	19.2
	December		26	40	0	0	141	207	844	24.5
1997
	January		7	161	1	0	95	265	2,079	12.7
	February		16	130	21	1	102	271	1,276	21.2
	March		112	85	182	0	140	519	2,556	20.3
	April		89	134	74	0	51	348	2,328	14.9
	May		82	243	69	5	280	680	4,050	16.8
	June		145	144	198	0	235	722	3,490	20.7
	July		144	57	100	0	147	447	3,757	11.9
	August		198	161	183	60	100	702	3,376	20.8
	September		201	61	122	1	909	1,294	5,429	23.8
	October		130	152	176	0	132	592	4,587	12.9
	November		104	79	319	1	164	667	4,900	13.6
	December		238	395	247	16	247	1,143	5,617	20.3
Total			1,467	1,802	1,691	85	2,604	7,648	43,445	17.6
1998
	January		63	45	73	0	124	304	3,508	8.7
	February		83	106	219	0	174	582	4,054	14.3
	March		102	81	264	0	193	640	5,786	11.1
	April		349	0	71	0	817	1,237	7,031	17.6
	May		97	109	85	0	409	699	5,729	12.2
	June		215	403	135	50	294	1,096	6,745	16.2
		Total (January–June, 1998)	909	742	847	50	2,010	4,557	32,853	13.9

Source: Burundi authorities.

Table 18.

Burundi: Economic Classification of Government Expenditure, 1994–98

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 18.

Burundi: Economic Classification of Government Expenditure, 1994–98

				1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
				(In billions of Burundi francs)
Total expenditure and net lending				57.9	65.3	76.0	74.9	82.5
	Current expenditure			39.1	45.1	48.1	61.4	61.2
		Salaries		17.4	18.1	21.5	24.1	25.6
			Civilian	11.5	11.5	13.3	12.9	…
			Military	5.9	6.6	8.2	11.2	…
		Goods and services		10.4	12.6	13.0	18.3	21.4
			Civilian	6.1	8.2	6.6	8.4	…
			Military	4.3	4.4	6.4	9.9	…
		Transfers and subsidies		5.8	7.0	5.9	5.7	7.6
			Public administrations	4.3	4.4	4.4	4.6	6.2
			International organizations	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
			Households	1.3	2.4	1.4	0.9	1.2
		Interest payments		3.6	4.5	5.1	6.7	6.6
			Domestic	0.7	1.0	1.0	2.8	2.2
			Foreign	2.9	3.5	4.1	3.9	4.4
		Extrabudgetary/exceptional expenditure		1.9	2.9	2.6	6.6	0.0
	Capital expenditure			21.0	20.7	28.4	16.9	21.3
		Domestic resources		4.1	4.6	8.5	3.5	3.0
		Project lending		12.3	10.1	13.9	9.2	13.1
		Capital grants		4.6	6.0	6.0	4.2	5.2
Net lending				-2.1	-0.4	-0.5	-3.4	0.0
				(In percent of total expenditure)
Total expenditure and net lending				100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
	Current expenditure			67.5	69.0	63.2	82.0	74.2
		Salaries		30.0	27.7	28.2	32.2	31.0
			Of which: military	10.1	10.1	10.8	14.9	…
		Goods and services		18.0	19.3	17.1	24.4	25.9
			Of which: military	7.4	6.7	8.5	13.2	…
		Transfers and subsidies		10.0	10.8	7.8	7.6	9.2
			Public administrations	7.5	6.7	5.8	6.1	7.5
			International organizations	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.2
			Households	2.2	3.7	1.8	1.1	1.5
		Interest payments		6.2	6.8	6.7	9.0	8.0
			Domestic	1.2	1.5	1.3	3.7	2.7
			Foreign	5.1	5.4	5.4	5.2	5.3
		Extrabudgetary/exceptional expenditure		3.3	4.4	3.4	8.8	0.0
	Capital expenditure			36.2	31.7	37.4	22.6	25.8
		Domestic resources		7.0	7.0	11.2	4.7	3.6
		Project lending		21.2	15.5	18.3	12.3	15.9
		Capital grants		7.9	9.2	7.9	5.6	6.3
Net lending				-3.7	-0.6	-0.6	-4.5	0.0
				(In percent of GDP)
Total expenditure and net lending				24.8	26.1	27.9	22.2	19.4
	Current expenditure			16.8	18.0	17.6	18.2	14.4
		Salaries		7.4	7.2	7.9	7.1	6.0
		Interest payments		1.6	1.8	1.9	2.0	1.6
		Other current expenditure		7.8	9.0	7.9	9.1	6.8
		Capital expenditure		9.0	8.3	10.4	5.0	5.0
Memorandum item:
	Nominal GDP (in billions of Burundi francs)			233.3	249.9	272.6	337.3	425.1

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 18.

Burundi: Economic Classification of Government Expenditure, 1994–98

				1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
				(In billions of Burundi francs)
Total expenditure and net lending				57.9	65.3	76.0	74.9	82.5
	Current expenditure			39.1	45.1	48.1	61.4	61.2
		Salaries		17.4	18.1	21.5	24.1	25.6
			Civilian	11.5	11.5	13.3	12.9	…
			Military	5.9	6.6	8.2	11.2	…
		Goods and services		10.4	12.6	13.0	18.3	21.4
			Civilian	6.1	8.2	6.6	8.4	…
			Military	4.3	4.4	6.4	9.9	…
		Transfers and subsidies		5.8	7.0	5.9	5.7	7.6
			Public administrations	4.3	4.4	4.4	4.6	6.2
			International organizations	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
			Households	1.3	2.4	1.4	0.9	1.2
		Interest payments		3.6	4.5	5.1	6.7	6.6
			Domestic	0.7	1.0	1.0	2.8	2.2
			Foreign	2.9	3.5	4.1	3.9	4.4
		Extrabudgetary/exceptional expenditure		1.9	2.9	2.6	6.6	0.0
	Capital expenditure			21.0	20.7	28.4	16.9	21.3
		Domestic resources		4.1	4.6	8.5	3.5	3.0
		Project lending		12.3	10.1	13.9	9.2	13.1
		Capital grants		4.6	6.0	6.0	4.2	5.2
Net lending				-2.1	-0.4	-0.5	-3.4	0.0
				(In percent of total expenditure)
Total expenditure and net lending				100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
	Current expenditure			67.5	69.0	63.2	82.0	74.2
		Salaries		30.0	27.7	28.2	32.2	31.0
			Of which: military	10.1	10.1	10.8	14.9	…
		Goods and services		18.0	19.3	17.1	24.4	25.9
			Of which: military	7.4	6.7	8.5	13.2	…
		Transfers and subsidies		10.0	10.8	7.8	7.6	9.2
			Public administrations	7.5	6.7	5.8	6.1	7.5
			International organizations	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.2
			Households	2.2	3.7	1.8	1.1	1.5
		Interest payments		6.2	6.8	6.7	9.0	8.0
			Domestic	1.2	1.5	1.3	3.7	2.7
			Foreign	5.1	5.4	5.4	5.2	5.3
		Extrabudgetary/exceptional expenditure		3.3	4.4	3.4	8.8	0.0
	Capital expenditure			36.2	31.7	37.4	22.6	25.8
		Domestic resources		7.0	7.0	11.2	4.7	3.6
		Project lending		21.2	15.5	18.3	12.3	15.9
		Capital grants		7.9	9.2	7.9	5.6	6.3
Net lending				-3.7	-0.6	-0.6	-4.5	0.0
				(In percent of GDP)
Total expenditure and net lending				24.8	26.1	27.9	22.2	19.4
	Current expenditure			16.8	18.0	17.6	18.2	14.4
		Salaries		7.4	7.2	7.9	7.1	6.0
		Interest payments		1.6	1.8	1.9	2.0	1.6
		Other current expenditure		7.8	9.0	7.9	9.1	6.8
		Capital expenditure		9.0	8.3	10.4	5.0	5.0
Memorandum item:
	Nominal GDP (in billions of Burundi francs)			233.3	249.9	272.6	337.3	425.1

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 19.

Burundi: Expenditure on Health and Education, 1994–97

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

Table 19.

Burundi: Expenditure on Health and Education, 1994–97

		1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.
		(In billions of Burundi francs)
Total expenditure		11.3	11.3	12.9	13.1
	Education	9.3	9.2	10.9	11.2
	Health	2.1	2.0	1.9	2.0
Current expenditure		10.1	10.1	11.6	12.2
	Education	8.5	8.5	10.4	10.2
	Health	1.6	1.6	1.2	2.0
Capital expenditure		1.2	1.2	1.3	0.9
	Education	0.8	0.8	0.6	0.9
	Health	0.5	0.4	0.7	0.0
		(In percent of total expenditure)
Education and health		19.7	17.2	16.8	17.6
	Education	16.1	14.1	14.3	15.0
	Health	3.6	3.1	2.5	2.7
		(In percent of GDP)
Education and health		4.9	4.5	4.7	3.9
	Education	4.0	3.7	4.0	3.3
	Health	0.9	0.8	0.7	0.6
Memorandum items:
	Nominal GDP (in billions of Burundi francs)	233.3	249.9	272.6	337.3
	Total expenditure (in billions of Burundi francs)	57.9	65.3	76.0	74.9

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

Table 19.

Burundi: Expenditure on Health and Education, 1994–97

		1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.
		(In billions of Burundi francs)
Total expenditure		11.3	11.3	12.9	13.1
	Education	9.3	9.2	10.9	11.2
	Health	2.1	2.0	1.9	2.0
Current expenditure		10.1	10.1	11.6	12.2
	Education	8.5	8.5	10.4	10.2
	Health	1.6	1.6	1.2	2.0
Capital expenditure		1.2	1.2	1.3	0.9
	Education	0.8	0.8	0.6	0.9
	Health	0.5	0.4	0.7	0.0
		(In percent of total expenditure)
Education and health		19.7	17.2	16.8	17.6
	Education	16.1	14.1	14.3	15.0
	Health	3.6	3.1	2.5	2.7
		(In percent of GDP)
Education and health		4.9	4.5	4.7	3.9
	Education	4.0	3.7	4.0	3.3
	Health	0.9	0.8	0.7	0.6
Memorandum items:
	Nominal GDP (in billions of Burundi francs)	233.3	249.9	272.6	337.3
	Total expenditure (in billions of Burundi francs)	57.9	65.3	76.0	74.9

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

Table 20.

Burundi: Military Expenditure, 1994–97

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Maintenance of vehicles and infrastructure.

Table 20.

Burundi: Military Expenditure, 1994–97

		1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.
		(In millions of Burundi francs, unless otherwise specified)
Salaries		5,852	6,613	8,192	11,162
Goods and services		4,274	4,398	6,438	9,868
	Light equipment, food, clothing, and health care	1,943	2,095	3,745	4,824
	Equipment and maintenance ^1/	1,574	2,005	2,440	4,425
	Other	758	298	254	619
Total military expenditure		10,126	11,010	14,630	21,030
		(In percent)
	Military salaries/total salaries	33.7	36.5	38.2	46.4
	Military spending on goods and services/total spending on goods and services	41.1	34.9	49.5	53.9
	Total military expenditure/total current expenditure	25.9	24.5	30.4	34.3
		(In percent of total expenditure and net lending)
Military salaries		10.1	10.1	10.8	14.9
Military spending on goods and services		7.4	6.7	8.5	13.3
Total military expenditure		17.5	16.9	19.2	28.1
		(In percent of GDP)
Military salaries		2.5	2.6	3.0	3.3
Military spending on goods and services		1.2	1.1	2.4	2.9
Total military expenditure		3.7	3.6	5.4	6.2
		(In millions of Burundi francs)
Memorandum items:
	Nominal GDP	233,320	249,865	272,582	337,332
	Current expenditure	39,097	45,050	48,088	61,360
	Total expenditure and net lending	57,930	65,334	76,040	74,860
	Salaries	17,357	18,103	21,457	24,078
	Total spending on goods and services	10,402	12,596	13,017	18,300

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Maintenance of vehicles and infrastructure.

Table 20.

Burundi: Military Expenditure, 1994–97

		1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.
		(In millions of Burundi francs, unless otherwise specified)
Salaries		5,852	6,613	8,192	11,162
Goods and services		4,274	4,398	6,438	9,868
	Light equipment, food, clothing, and health care	1,943	2,095	3,745	4,824
	Equipment and maintenance ^1/	1,574	2,005	2,440	4,425
	Other	758	298	254	619
Total military expenditure		10,126	11,010	14,630	21,030
		(In percent)
	Military salaries/total salaries	33.7	36.5	38.2	46.4
	Military spending on goods and services/total spending on goods and services	41.1	34.9	49.5	53.9
	Total military expenditure/total current expenditure	25.9	24.5	30.4	34.3
		(In percent of total expenditure and net lending)
Military salaries		10.1	10.1	10.8	14.9
Military spending on goods and services		7.4	6.7	8.5	13.3
Total military expenditure		17.5	16.9	19.2	28.1
		(In percent of GDP)
Military salaries		2.5	2.6	3.0	3.3
Military spending on goods and services		1.2	1.1	2.4	2.9
Total military expenditure		3.7	3.6	5.4	6.2
		(In millions of Burundi francs)
Memorandum items:
	Nominal GDP	233,320	249,865	272,582	337,332
	Current expenditure	39,097	45,050	48,088	61,360
	Total expenditure and net lending	57,930	65,334	76,040	74,860
	Salaries	17,357	18,103	21,457	24,078
	Total spending on goods and services	10,402	12,596	13,017	18,300

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

^{^1/}Maintenance of vehicles and infrastructure.

Table 21.

Burundi: Functional Structure of Government Operating and Capital Expenditure, 1995–98 ^1/

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff projections.

^{^1/}Excludes debt service.

^{^2/}Because of classification problems, the exclusion of some government agencies, and the incomplete imputation of all expenditure by ministry, the totals in this line do not correspond to totals in Table 18.

Table 21.

Burundi: Functional Structure of Government Operating and Capital Expenditure, 1995–98 ^1/

		1995			1996			1997			1998 (Projections)
		Current	Capital	Total	Current	Capital	Total	Current	Capital	Total	Current	Capital	Total
		(In millions of Burundi francs)
General services		29,964	7,050	37,014	36,630	6,773	43,403	41,377	3,926	45,303	56,348	2,320	58,668
	Presidency	2,329	194	2,523	2,233	122	2,355	2,080	168	2,248	2,596	292	2,888
	National Assembly	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	0	0	0
	Prime Minister’s Office	680	425	1,105	616	24	640	641	32	673	479	0	479
	Ministry of Development Planning and Reconstruction	127	182	309	171	154	325	158	168	326	188	323	511
	Ministry of External Relations and Cooperation	2,243	76	2,319	5,720	40	5,760	1,903	40	1,943	2,483	70	2,553
	Ministry of Defense	10,181	829	11,010	13,634	996	14,630	20,299	731	21,030	…	…	…
	Ministry of Interior and Security	…	…	1,829	1,028	3,470	4,498	1,390	1,786	3,176	…	…	…
	Ministry of Finance	11,626	4,372	15,998	10,696	2,804	13,500	12,203	1,419	13,622	21,919	719	22,638
	Ministry of Justice	1,127	34	1,161	1,346	23	1,369	1,493	165	1,658	1,910	190	2,100
	Ministry of Communications	705	76	781	728	41	769	765	100	865	981	78	1,059
	Ministry of Public Service	365	63	428	448	11	459	520	…	520	579	9	588
	Ministry of Institutional Reforms	44	…	…	…	…	…	25	…	…	31	0	31
Social services		11,481	1,429	12,910	12,160	1,458	13,618	12,734	1,082	13,816	16,538	1,214	17,752
	Ministry of Secondary and Higher Education	5,701	361	6,062	6,058	67	6,125	5,944	297	6,241	13,997	1,054	15,051
	Ministry of Primary Education	2,799	482	3,281	4,215	564	4,779	4,285	605	4,890	…	…	…
	Ministry of Human Rights and Women	81	40	121	116	41	157	118	65	183	121	57	178
	Ministry of Health	1,613	386	1,999	1,199	709	1,908	1,976	48	2,024	…	…	…
	Ministry of Labor, Handicraft, and Training	37	38	75	46	39	85	48	39	87	…	…	…
	Ministry of Rehabilitation and Reintegration	915	92	1,007	205	11	216	21	7	28	…	…	…
	Ministry of Youth and Sports	335	30	365	321	27	348	342	21	363	22	0	22
Economic services		1,977	6,723	8,700	2,004	8,362	10,366	2,026	3,353	5,379	3,437	4,505	7,942
	Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock	600	2,226	2,826	626	3,022	3,648	609	2,179	2,788	2,089	2,345	4,434
	Ministry of Communal Development	140	436	576	143	276	419	135	221	356	635	925	1,560
	Ministry of Commerce, Industry, and Tourism	86	925	1,011	106	753	859	116	45	161	176	342	518
	Ministry of Energy and Mining	110	603	713	158	931	1,089	142	102	244	135	37	172
	Ministry of Transport, Post, and Telecommunications	437	416	853	283	902	1,185	309	32	341	136	247	383
	Ministry of Public Works and Equipment	420	1,693	2,113	479	2,022	2,501	505	268	773	136	284	420
	Ministry of the Territory and Environment	184	424	608	209	456	665	210	506	716	130	325	455
Central government (total) ^2/		44,477	15,302	59,779	52,063	16,661	68,724	56,956	8,361	65,317	76,323	8,039	84,362
Memorandum items:		(In percent of total expenditure of central government)
	General services	67.4	46.1	61.9	70.4	40.7	63.2	72.6	47.0	69.4	73.8	28.9	69.5
	Social services	25.8	9.3	21.6	23.4	8.8	19.8	22.4	12.9	21.2	21.7	15.1	21.0
	Economic services	4.4	43.9	14.6	3.8	50.2	15.1	3.6	40.1	8.2	4.5	56.0	9.4
		(In percent of GDP, unless otherwise indicated)
	General services	12.0	2.8	14.8	13.4	2.5	15.9	12.3	1.2	13.4	13.3	0.5	13.8
	Social services	4.6	0.6	5.2	4.5	0.5	5.0	3.8	0.3	4.1	3.9	0.3	4.2
	Economic services	0.8	2.7	3.5	0.7	3.1	3.8	0.6	1.0	1.6	0.8	1.1	1.9
	Nominal GDP (in billions of Burundi francs)			249,865			272,582			337,332			425,120

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff projections.

^{^1/}Excludes debt service.

Table 21.

Burundi: Functional Structure of Government Operating and Capital Expenditure, 1995–98 ^1/

		1995			1996			1997			1998 (Projections)
		Current	Capital	Total	Current	Capital	Total	Current	Capital	Total	Current	Capital	Total
		(In millions of Burundi francs)
General services		29,964	7,050	37,014	36,630	6,773	43,403	41,377	3,926	45,303	56,348	2,320	58,668
	Presidency	2,329	194	2,523	2,233	122	2,355	2,080	168	2,248	2,596	292	2,888
	National Assembly	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	0	0	0
	Prime Minister’s Office	680	425	1,105	616	24	640	641	32	673	479	0	479
	Ministry of Development Planning and Reconstruction	127	182	309	171	154	325	158	168	326	188	323	511
	Ministry of External Relations and Cooperation	2,243	76	2,319	5,720	40	5,760	1,903	40	1,943	2,483	70	2,553
	Ministry of Defense	10,181	829	11,010	13,634	996	14,630	20,299	731	21,030	…	…	…
	Ministry of Interior and Security	…	…	1,829	1,028	3,470	4,498	1,390	1,786	3,176	…	…	…
	Ministry of Finance	11,626	4,372	15,998	10,696	2,804	13,500	12,203	1,419	13,622	21,919	719	22,638
	Ministry of Justice	1,127	34	1,161	1,346	23	1,369	1,493	165	1,658	1,910	190	2,100
	Ministry of Communications	705	76	781	728	41	769	765	100	865	981	78	1,059
	Ministry of Public Service	365	63	428	448	11	459	520	…	520	579	9	588
	Ministry of Institutional Reforms	44	…	…	…	…	…	25	…	…	31	0	31
Social services		11,481	1,429	12,910	12,160	1,458	13,618	12,734	1,082	13,816	16,538	1,214	17,752
	Ministry of Secondary and Higher Education	5,701	361	6,062	6,058	67	6,125	5,944	297	6,241	13,997	1,054	15,051
	Ministry of Primary Education	2,799	482	3,281	4,215	564	4,779	4,285	605	4,890	…	…	…
	Ministry of Human Rights and Women	81	40	121	116	41	157	118	65	183	121	57	178
	Ministry of Health	1,613	386	1,999	1,199	709	1,908	1,976	48	2,024	…	…	…
	Ministry of Labor, Handicraft, and Training	37	38	75	46	39	85	48	39	87	…	…	…
	Ministry of Rehabilitation and Reintegration	915	92	1,007	205	11	216	21	7	28	…	…	…
	Ministry of Youth and Sports	335	30	365	321	27	348	342	21	363	22	0	22
Economic services		1,977	6,723	8,700	2,004	8,362	10,366	2,026	3,353	5,379	3,437	4,505	7,942
	Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock	600	2,226	2,826	626	3,022	3,648	609	2,179	2,788	2,089	2,345	4,434
	Ministry of Communal Development	140	436	576	143	276	419	135	221	356	635	925	1,560
	Ministry of Commerce, Industry, and Tourism	86	925	1,011	106	753	859	116	45	161	176	342	518
	Ministry of Energy and Mining	110	603	713	158	931	1,089	142	102	244	135	37	172
	Ministry of Transport, Post, and Telecommunications	437	416	853	283	902	1,185	309	32	341	136	247	383
	Ministry of Public Works and Equipment	420	1,693	2,113	479	2,022	2,501	505	268	773	136	284	420
	Ministry of the Territory and Environment	184	424	608	209	456	665	210	506	716	130	325	455
Central government (total) ^2/		44,477	15,302	59,779	52,063	16,661	68,724	56,956	8,361	65,317	76,323	8,039	84,362
Memorandum items:		(In percent of total expenditure of central government)
	General services	67.4	46.1	61.9	70.4	40.7	63.2	72.6	47.0	69.4	73.8	28.9	69.5
	Social services	25.8	9.3	21.6	23.4	8.8	19.8	22.4	12.9	21.2	21.7	15.1	21.0
	Economic services	4.4	43.9	14.6	3.8	50.2	15.1	3.6	40.1	8.2	4.5	56.0	9.4
		(In percent of GDP, unless otherwise indicated)
	General services	12.0	2.8	14.8	13.4	2.5	15.9	12.3	1.2	13.4	13.3	0.5	13.8
	Social services	4.6	0.6	5.2	4.5	0.5	5.0	3.8	0.3	4.1	3.9	0.3	4.2
	Economic services	0.8	2.7	3.5	0.7	3.1	3.8	0.6	1.0	1.6	0.8	1.1	1.9
	Nominal GDP (in billions of Burundi francs)			249,865			272,582			337,332			425,120

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff projections.

^{^1/}Excludes debt service.

Table 22.

Burundi: Structure of Central Government Employment and Salaries, 1996

Source: Ministry of Finance.

^{^1/}As of end-December 1996.

Table 22.

Burundi: Structure of Central Government Employment and Salaries, 1996

		Number Employed ^1/			Annual Salaries
		Statutory	Contractual	Total	Statutory	Contractual	Total
					(In millions of Burundi francs)
General services		2,512	2,207	4,719	2,239	1,955	12,387
	Presidency	76	319	395	56	468	524
	National Assembly	22	132	154	36	180	216
	Prime Minister’s Office	6	27	33	3	11	14
	Ministry of Development Planning and Reconstruction	52	8	60	44	9	53
	Ministry of External Relations and Cooperation	108	43	151	641	253	894
	Ministry of Defense	…	…	…	…	…	8,193
	Ministry of Interior and Security	724	552	1,276	322	586	908
	Ministry of Finance	387	259	646	438	110	548
	Ministry of Justice	1,009	809	1,818	622	322	944
	Ministry of Communications	7	8	15	5	2	8
	Ministry of Public Service	111	37	148	66	11	77
	Ministry of Institutional Reforms	10	13	23	6	2	8
Social services		17,083	4,061	21,144	7,186	876	8,062
	Ministry of Secondary and Higher Education	4,337	672	5,009	2,325	115	2,440
	Ministry of Primary Education	10,788	984	11,772	3,861	217	4,078
	Ministry of Human Rights and Women	69	75	144	33	13	46
	Ministry of Health	1,592	1,721	3,313	831	422	1,253
	Ministry of Labor, Handicraft, and Training	62	33	95	32	6	37
	Ministry of Rehabilitation and Reintegration	12	15	27	8	3	11
	Ministry of Youth and Sports	223	561	784	96	101	197
Economic services		1,022	2,133	3,155	571	436	1,007
	Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock	409	1,090	1,499	211	232	443
	Ministry of Communal Development	83	30	113	42	13	55
	Ministry of Commerce, Industry, and Tourism	89	38	127	52	8	60
	Ministry of Energy and Mining	97	104	201	78	26	104
	Ministry of Transport, Post, and Telecommunications	25	231	256	21	53	75
	Ministry of Public Works and Equipment	175	535	710	102	90	192
	Ministry of the Territory and Environment	144	105	249	65	14	79
Central government (total)		20,617	8,401	29,018	9,996	3,267	21,456
	Civil administration	20,617	8,401	29,018	9,996	3,267	13,263
	Military administration	…	…	…	…	…	8,193

Source: Ministry of Finance.

^{^1/}As of end-December 1996.

Table 22.

Burundi: Structure of Central Government Employment and Salaries, 1996

		Number Employed ^1/			Annual Salaries
		Statutory	Contractual	Total	Statutory	Contractual	Total
					(In millions of Burundi francs)
General services		2,512	2,207	4,719	2,239	1,955	12,387
	Presidency	76	319	395	56	468	524
	National Assembly	22	132	154	36	180	216
	Prime Minister’s Office	6	27	33	3	11	14
	Ministry of Development Planning and Reconstruction	52	8	60	44	9	53
	Ministry of External Relations and Cooperation	108	43	151	641	253	894
	Ministry of Defense	…	…	…	…	…	8,193
	Ministry of Interior and Security	724	552	1,276	322	586	908
	Ministry of Finance	387	259	646	438	110	548
	Ministry of Justice	1,009	809	1,818	622	322	944
	Ministry of Communications	7	8	15	5	2	8
	Ministry of Public Service	111	37	148	66	11	77
	Ministry of Institutional Reforms	10	13	23	6	2	8
Social services		17,083	4,061	21,144	7,186	876	8,062
	Ministry of Secondary and Higher Education	4,337	672	5,009	2,325	115	2,440
	Ministry of Primary Education	10,788	984	11,772	3,861	217	4,078
	Ministry of Human Rights and Women	69	75	144	33	13	46
	Ministry of Health	1,592	1,721	3,313	831	422	1,253
	Ministry of Labor, Handicraft, and Training	62	33	95	32	6	37
	Ministry of Rehabilitation and Reintegration	12	15	27	8	3	11
	Ministry of Youth and Sports	223	561	784	96	101	197
Economic services		1,022	2,133	3,155	571	436	1,007
	Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock	409	1,090	1,499	211	232	443
	Ministry of Communal Development	83	30	113	42	13	55
	Ministry of Commerce, Industry, and Tourism	89	38	127	52	8	60
	Ministry of Energy and Mining	97	104	201	78	26	104
	Ministry of Transport, Post, and Telecommunications	25	231	256	21	53	75
	Ministry of Public Works and Equipment	175	535	710	102	90	192
	Ministry of the Territory and Environment	144	105	249	65	14	79
Central government (total)		20,617	8,401	29,018	9,996	3,267	21,456
	Civil administration	20,617	8,401	29,018	9,996	3,267	13,263
	Military administration	…	…	…	…	…	8,193

Source: Ministry of Finance.

^{^1/}As of end-December 1996.

Table 23.

Burundi: Size, Composition, and Gross Salaries of the Civil Service, 1983–96

Sources: Ministry of Finance; and Ministry of Public Service.

^{^1/}The source for these series is the Ministry of Finance.

^{^2/}The source for these series is the Ministry of Public Services; gross salaries are in millions of Burundi francs.

^{^3/}The large differences between the two sources’ totals for the size of the civil service, as well as for the number of statutory and contractual workers, remain to be explained; they demonstrate the need for more accurate information and a better management of the civil service and the government payroll.

Table 23.

Burundi: Size, Composition, and Gross Salaries of the Civil Service, 1983–96

				Composition and Gross Salaries ^2/ ^3/ Statutory										Difference in Total Size ^3/
	Size of Civil Service ^1/			Teachers		Nonteachers		(Teachers & nonteachers)		Contractual		Total civil service
	Statutory	Contractual	Total ^3/	Number	Salaries	Number	Salaries	Number	Salaries	Number	Salaries	Size ^3/	Salaries
1983	11,386	9,991	21,377	7,979	1,679	5,224	1,197	13,203	2,876	10,281	979	23,484	3,855	2,107
1984	12,152	8,567	20,719	8,679	1,870	5,382	1,328	14,061	3,198	8,666	855	22,727	4,053	2,008
1985	13,345	8,073	21,418	9,551	2,125	5,808	1,482	15,359	3,606	8,243	836	23,602	4,443	2,184
1986	12,885	8,102	20,987	9,017	2,441	6,139	1,660	15,156	4,101	8,243	892	23,399	4,992	2,412
1987	13,643	8,398	22,041	9,664	2,607	6,365	1,729	16,029	4,337	8,556	918	24,585	5,254	2,544
1988	16,995	8,480	25,475	10,187	3,077	6,757	2,005	16,944	5,083	8,703	971	25,647	6,054	172
1989	17,364	8,768	26,132	11,814	3,511	6,986	2,224	18,800	5,736	9,012	1,100	27,812	6,836	1,680
1990	18,535	8,941	27,476	12,883	4,204	7,673	2,611	20,556	6,814	9,230	1,211	29,786	8,026	2,310
1991	19,694	8,640	28,334	13,322	4,468	7,877	2,705	21,199	7,172	8,640	1,173	29,839	8,346	1,505
1992	19,823	8,501	28,324	13,896	5,144	7,779	2,872	21,675	8,016	8,501	1,207	30,176	9,223	1,852
1993	20,439	8,168	28,607	14,540	6,059	8,145	3,186	22,685	9,245	8,361	1,271	31,046	10,516	2,439
1994	20,058	8,326	28,384	14,267	6,393	8,345	3,271	22,612	9,663	8,326	1,317	30,938	10,981	2,554
1995	20,159	8,676	28,835	14,666	6,265	8,264	3,165	22,930	9,430	8,676	1,484	31,606	10,914	2,771
1996	20,617	8,401	29,018	15,125	6,484	8,508	3,330	23,633	9,814	8,158	1,505	31,791	11,320	2,773

Sources: Ministry of Finance; and Ministry of Public Service.

^{^1/}The source for these series is the Ministry of Finance.

^{^2/}The source for these series is the Ministry of Public Services; gross salaries are in millions of Burundi francs.

Table 23.

Burundi: Size, Composition, and Gross Salaries of the Civil Service, 1983–96

				Composition and Gross Salaries ^2/ ^3/ Statutory										Difference in Total Size ^3/
	Size of Civil Service ^1/			Teachers		Nonteachers		(Teachers & nonteachers)		Contractual		Total civil service
	Statutory	Contractual	Total ^3/	Number	Salaries	Number	Salaries	Number	Salaries	Number	Salaries	Size ^3/	Salaries
1983	11,386	9,991	21,377	7,979	1,679	5,224	1,197	13,203	2,876	10,281	979	23,484	3,855	2,107
1984	12,152	8,567	20,719	8,679	1,870	5,382	1,328	14,061	3,198	8,666	855	22,727	4,053	2,008
1985	13,345	8,073	21,418	9,551	2,125	5,808	1,482	15,359	3,606	8,243	836	23,602	4,443	2,184
1986	12,885	8,102	20,987	9,017	2,441	6,139	1,660	15,156	4,101	8,243	892	23,399	4,992	2,412
1987	13,643	8,398	22,041	9,664	2,607	6,365	1,729	16,029	4,337	8,556	918	24,585	5,254	2,544
1988	16,995	8,480	25,475	10,187	3,077	6,757	2,005	16,944	5,083	8,703	971	25,647	6,054	172
1989	17,364	8,768	26,132	11,814	3,511	6,986	2,224	18,800	5,736	9,012	1,100	27,812	6,836	1,680
1990	18,535	8,941	27,476	12,883	4,204	7,673	2,611	20,556	6,814	9,230	1,211	29,786	8,026	2,310
1991	19,694	8,640	28,334	13,322	4,468	7,877	2,705	21,199	7,172	8,640	1,173	29,839	8,346	1,505
1992	19,823	8,501	28,324	13,896	5,144	7,779	2,872	21,675	8,016	8,501	1,207	30,176	9,223	1,852
1993	20,439	8,168	28,607	14,540	6,059	8,145	3,186	22,685	9,245	8,361	1,271	31,046	10,516	2,439
1994	20,058	8,326	28,384	14,267	6,393	8,345	3,271	22,612	9,663	8,326	1,317	30,938	10,981	2,554
1995	20,159	8,676	28,835	14,666	6,265	8,264	3,165	22,930	9,430	8,676	1,484	31,606	10,914	2,771
1996	20,617	8,401	29,018	15,125	6,484	8,508	3,330	23,633	9,814	8,158	1,505	31,791	11,320	2,773

Sources: Ministry of Finance; and Ministry of Public Service.

^{^1/}The source for these series is the Ministry of Finance.

^{^2/}The source for these series is the Ministry of Public Services; gross salaries are in millions of Burundi francs.

Table 24.

Burundi: Flows of On-Lending to, and Repayments by, Public Enterprises, 1994–98 ^1/

(In millions of Burundi francs)

Sources: Ministry of Finance; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}For full names of public enterprises, see Table 27.

Table 24.

Burundi: Flows of On-Lending to, and Repayments by, Public Enterprises, 1994–98 ^1/

(In millions of Burundi francs)

		1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.
On-lending to public enterprises		1,133	1,258	0	0
	REGIDESO	402	732	0	0
	ONATEL	123	130	0	0
	OCIBU	425	331	0	0
	OTB	31	16	0	0
	COGERCO	…	49	0	0
	Other enterprises	152	…	0	0
Repayments by public enterprises		3,259	1,789	517	3,390
	REGIDESO	861	20	…	724
	ONATEL	734	311	286	361
	OCIBU	734	149	231	804
	OTB	93	…	…	0
	COGERCO	56	44	0	53
	SOSUMO	704	351	0	429
	NOVOTEL	64	20	…	0
	BCC	13	16	…	0
	Other enterprises	…	878	…	1,020

Sources: Ministry of Finance; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}For full names of public enterprises, see Table 27.

Table 24.

Burundi: Flows of On-Lending to, and Repayments by, Public Enterprises, 1994–98 ^1/

(In millions of Burundi francs)

		1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.
On-lending to public enterprises		1,133	1,258	0	0
	REGIDESO	402	732	0	0
	ONATEL	123	130	0	0
	OCIBU	425	331	0	0
	OTB	31	16	0	0
	COGERCO	…	49	0	0
	Other enterprises	152	…	0	0
Repayments by public enterprises		3,259	1,789	517	3,390
	REGIDESO	861	20	…	724
	ONATEL	734	311	286	361
	OCIBU	734	149	231	804
	OTB	93	…	…	0
	COGERCO	56	44	0	53
	SOSUMO	704	351	0	429
	NOVOTEL	64	20	…	0
	BCC	13	16	…	0
	Other enterprises	…	878	…	1,020

Sources: Ministry of Finance; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}For full names of public enterprises, see Table 27.

Table 25.

Burundi: Outstanding Arrears on External Debt, 1995–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

Sources: Ministry of Finance; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}This item is introduced to account for discrepancies between overall stock of external arrears and its components by creditor.

Table 25.

Burundi: Outstanding Arrears on External Debt, 1995–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

			1995			1996			1997			1998 (Projections)
			Principal	Interest	Total	Principal	Interest	Total	Principal	Interest	Total	Principal	Interest	Total
Multilateral debt			4.9	3.6	8.5	10.9	5.2	16.1	11.6	2.9	14.5	16.3	3.6	19.9
	IDA		0.2	0.1	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	African Development Bank		2.4	1.6	4.0	1.8	1.0	2.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	African Development Fund		1.1	1.5	2.6	1.6	1.9	3.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	European Union		0.1	0.1	0.1	0.8	0.4	1.3	1.5	0.6	2.1	2.1	0.9	3.0
	European Investment Bank		0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.9	0.5	0.7	1.2
	Organization of Petroleum
		Exporting Countries	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.0	0.2	2.2	3.7	0.4	4.1	5.4	0.5	5.9
	Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa		1.0	0.3	1.3	3.4	0.8	4.3	5.7	1.2	6.9	7.8	1.4	9.2
	International Fund for Agricultural Development		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.7	0.2	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Arab League		0.1	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.2	0.3	0.0	0.3	0.3	0.0	0.3
	United Nations Development Program		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.3
Bilateral debt			3.7	1.3	5.0	13.4	4.3	17.7	21.1	6.9	28.0	27.0	9.0	36.0
	France (Caisse Française de Développement)		0.8	0.0	0.8	2.6	1.7	4.3	4.3	3.2	7.5	5.9	4.3	10.2
	Abu Dhabi Fund for Arab Economic Development		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.5	0.1	0.6	0.9	0.1	1.0	1.3	0.1	1.4
	China		2.3	0.0	2.3	6.1	0.0	6.1	8.5	0.0	8.5	10.3	0.0	10.3
	Saudi Arabia		0.0	0.0	0.0	1.6	0.4	2.0	2.7	0.8	3.5	4.1	1.1	5.2
	Kuwait		0.6	0.2	0.8	2.6	0.7	3.3	4.4	1.1	5.5	5.1	1.4	6.5
	Japan		0.0	1.1	1.1	0.0	1.4	1.4	0.3	1.8	2.1	0.3	2.1	2.4
Other debt ^1/			0.0	0.0	0.0	2.8	1.6	4.4	6.8	4.6	11.4	8.0	6.0	14.0
	Total stock of arrears		8.6	4.9	13.5	27.2	11.0	38.2	39.5	14.4	53.9	51.3	18.6	70.0

Sources: Ministry of Finance; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}This item is introduced to account for discrepancies between overall stock of external arrears and its components by creditor.

Table 25.

Burundi: Outstanding Arrears on External Debt, 1995–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

			1995			1996			1997			1998 (Projections)
			Principal	Interest	Total	Principal	Interest	Total	Principal	Interest	Total	Principal	Interest	Total
Multilateral debt			4.9	3.6	8.5	10.9	5.2	16.1	11.6	2.9	14.5	16.3	3.6	19.9
	IDA		0.2	0.1	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	African Development Bank		2.4	1.6	4.0	1.8	1.0	2.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	African Development Fund		1.1	1.5	2.6	1.6	1.9	3.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	European Union		0.1	0.1	0.1	0.8	0.4	1.3	1.5	0.6	2.1	2.1	0.9	3.0
	European Investment Bank		0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.9	0.5	0.7	1.2
	Organization of Petroleum
		Exporting Countries	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.0	0.2	2.2	3.7	0.4	4.1	5.4	0.5	5.9
	Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa		1.0	0.3	1.3	3.4	0.8	4.3	5.7	1.2	6.9	7.8	1.4	9.2
	International Fund for Agricultural Development		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.7	0.2	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Arab League		0.1	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.2	0.3	0.0	0.3	0.3	0.0	0.3
	United Nations Development Program		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.3
Bilateral debt			3.7	1.3	5.0	13.4	4.3	17.7	21.1	6.9	28.0	27.0	9.0	36.0
	France (Caisse Française de Développement)		0.8	0.0	0.8	2.6	1.7	4.3	4.3	3.2	7.5	5.9	4.3	10.2
	Abu Dhabi Fund for Arab Economic Development		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.5	0.1	0.6	0.9	0.1	1.0	1.3	0.1	1.4
	China		2.3	0.0	2.3	6.1	0.0	6.1	8.5	0.0	8.5	10.3	0.0	10.3
	Saudi Arabia		0.0	0.0	0.0	1.6	0.4	2.0	2.7	0.8	3.5	4.1	1.1	5.2
	Kuwait		0.6	0.2	0.8	2.6	0.7	3.3	4.4	1.1	5.5	5.1	1.4	6.5
	Japan		0.0	1.1	1.1	0.0	1.4	1.4	0.3	1.8	2.1	0.3	2.1	2.4
Other debt ^1/			0.0	0.0	0.0	2.8	1.6	4.4	6.8	4.6	11.4	8.0	6.0	14.0
	Total stock of arrears		8.6	4.9	13.5	27.2	11.0	38.2	39.5	14.4	53.9	51.3	18.6	70.0

Sources: Ministry of Finance; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}This item is introduced to account for discrepancies between overall stock of external arrears and its components by creditor.

Table 26.

Burundi: Domestic Public Debt by Creditor and by Instrument, 1994–97

(End of period; in billions of Burundi francs)

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}AfDB is the African Development Bank; CCP is Centre des Chèques Postaux; CAMOFI is Caisse de Mobilisation et de Financement; and SOSUMO is Société Sucrière de Moso.

Table 26.

Burundi: Domestic Public Debt by Creditor and by Instrument, 1994–97

(End of period; in billions of Burundi francs)

				1994	1995	1996	1997
Domestic public debt by creditor ^1/				14.7	19.4	27.2	39.9
	Banking sector			13.7	15.5	22.2	33.3
		Central Bank		8.6	10.5	12.3	20.6
			Ordinary advances	0.4	0.0	1.3	5.8
			Special advances	7.6	6.9	6.1	5.3
			Exceptional advances	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Particular advances	0.0	2.1	4.9	8.1
			Advances (AfDB capital)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Treasury certificates	0.4	1.5	0.0	1.4
		Commercial banks		3.7	3.3	8.6	11.2
			Investment bonds	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Treasury certificates	2.5	1.7	8.6	11.2
			Consortium advances (SOSUMO)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Other	1.2	1.6	…	…
		CAMOFI		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Advances	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Treasury bonds	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Investment bonds	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Treasury certificates	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Consortium advances (SOSUMO)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		CCP		1.4	1.7	1.3	1.5
	Other financial establishments			0.1	0.1	0.1	0.5
		Treasury bonds		0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0
		Treasury certificates		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.5
		Consortium advances (SOSUMO)		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		Other loans		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Nonfinancial sector			0.9	3.8	4.9	6.1
		Treasury bonds		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		Treasury certificates		0.3	0.8	2.0	3.4
		Other loans		0.6	3.0	2.9	2.7
Domestic public debt by instrument				14.7	19.3	27.2	40.0
	Treasury bonds			0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Investment bonds			0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Treasury certificates			3.2	3.9	10.6	16.5
	Advances of the central bank			8.2	9.1	12.4	19.3
	Other loans			3.2	6.3	4.2	4.2

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}AfDB is the African Development Bank; CCP is Centre des Chèques Postaux; CAMOFI is Caisse de Mobilisation et de Financement; and SOSUMO is Société Sucrière de Moso.

Table 26.

Burundi: Domestic Public Debt by Creditor and by Instrument, 1994–97

(End of period; in billions of Burundi francs)

				1994	1995	1996	1997
Domestic public debt by creditor ^1/				14.7	19.4	27.2	39.9
	Banking sector			13.7	15.5	22.2	33.3
		Central Bank		8.6	10.5	12.3	20.6
			Ordinary advances	0.4	0.0	1.3	5.8
			Special advances	7.6	6.9	6.1	5.3
			Exceptional advances	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Particular advances	0.0	2.1	4.9	8.1
			Advances (AfDB capital)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Treasury certificates	0.4	1.5	0.0	1.4
		Commercial banks		3.7	3.3	8.6	11.2
			Investment bonds	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Treasury certificates	2.5	1.7	8.6	11.2
			Consortium advances (SOSUMO)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Other	1.2	1.6	…	…
		CAMOFI		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Advances	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Treasury bonds	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Investment bonds	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Treasury certificates	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Consortium advances (SOSUMO)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		CCP		1.4	1.7	1.3	1.5
	Other financial establishments			0.1	0.1	0.1	0.5
		Treasury bonds		0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0
		Treasury certificates		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.5
		Consortium advances (SOSUMO)		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		Other loans		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Nonfinancial sector			0.9	3.8	4.9	6.1
		Treasury bonds		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
		Treasury certificates		0.3	0.8	2.0	3.4
		Other loans		0.6	3.0	2.9	2.7
Domestic public debt by instrument				14.7	19.3	27.2	40.0
	Treasury bonds			0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Investment bonds			0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Treasury certificates			3.2	3.9	10.6	16.5
	Advances of the central bank			8.2	9.1	12.4	19.3
	Other loans			3.2	6.3	4.2	4.2

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}AfDB is the African Development Bank; CCP is Centre des Chèques Postaux; CAMOFI is Caisse de Mobilisation et de Financement; and SOSUMO is Société Sucrière de Moso.

Table 27.

Burundi: List of Public Enterprises, 1997 ^1/

Source: Service Chargé des Entreprises Publiques (SCEP).

^{^1/}Following the definition under the new public enterprise code promulgated on March 6, 1996 (loi no 1/002); situation as of December 1997.

^{^2/}For government shares, see Table 28.

Table 27.

Burundi: List of Public Enterprises, 1997 ^1/

Acronym	Name of Enterprise
Fully owned public enterprises
AIR BURUNDI	Air Burundi
BCC	Burundi Coffee Company
CAMOFI	Caisse de Mobilisation et de Financement
COGERCO	Compagnie de Gérance Cotonnière
COTEBU	Complexe Textile de Bujumbura
ECOSAT	Encadrement des Constructions Sociales et Aménagement des Terrains
FDC	Fonds de Développement Communal
FOSIP	Fonds de Soutien à l’Investissement Privé
INABU	Imprimerie Nationale du Burundi
ONAPHA	Office National Pharmaceutique
ONATEL	Office National des Télécommunications
ONATOUR	Office National de la Tourbe
OPHAVET	Office Pharmaceutique Vétérinaire
OTB	Office du Thé du Burundi
OTRACO	Office des Transports en Commun
REGIDESO	Régie de Distribution d’Eau et d’Eléctricité
SETEMU	Services Techniques et Municipaux
SIP	Société Immobilière Publique
SOFIDHAR	Société de Financement et Développement de l’Habitat Urbain
SRDI	Société Régionale de Développement de l’IMBO
SRDR	Société Régionale de Développement de Rumonge
Mixed ownership ^2/
ALCOVIT	Aliments Composés Vitaminés
APEE	Agences de Promotion des Echanges Extérieurs
BANCOBU	Banque Commerciale du Burundi
BBCI	Banque Burundaise pour le Commerce et l’Investissement
BCB	Banque de Crédit de Bujumbura
BNDE	Banque Nationale pour le Développement Economique
BPB	Banque Populaire du Burundi
BRARUDI	Brasseries et Limonaderies du Burundi
BUMINCO	Burundi Mining Company
EPB	Exploitation du Port de Bujumbura
FNG	Fonds National de Garantie
FPHU	Fonds de Promotion de l’Habitat Urbain
HOT. SOURCE DU NIL	Hotel Source du Nil
HPB	Huilerie de Palme du Burundi
NOVOTEL	Hotel Novotel
OCIBU	Office des Cultures Industrielles du Burundi
SBF	Société Burundaise de Financement
SER	Société d’Exploitation de la Ferme Randa
SOBUGEA	Société Burundaise de Gestion Portuaire
SOCABU	Société d’Assurances du Burundi
SODECO	Société de Déparchage et de Commercialisation
SOGEMAC	Société de Gestion du Marché Central de Bujumbura
SOGESTAL KAYANZA	Société de Gestion des Stations de Lavage de Kayanza
SOGESTAL KIRIMIRO	Société de Gestion des Stations de Lavage de Kirimiro
SOGESTAL KIRUNDO	Société de Gestion des Stations de Lavage de Kirundo
SOGESTAL MUMIRWA	Société de Gestion des Stations de Lavage de Mumirwa
SOGESTAL NGOZI	Société de Gestion des Stations de Lavage de Ngozi
SOKINABU	Société d’Exploitation de Quinquina du Burundi
SOSUMO	Société Sucrière de Moso
TELECEL BURUNDI	Téléphonie Cellulaire du Burundi
UCAR	Union Commerciale d’Assurances et de Réassurances
UPC	Usine de Produits en Coton
VERRUNDI	Verrerie du Burundi

Source: Service Chargé des Entreprises Publiques (SCEP).

^{^1/}Following the definition under the new public enterprise code promulgated on March 6, 1996 (loi no 1/002); situation as of December 1997.

^{^2/}For government shares, see Table 28.

Table 27.

Burundi: List of Public Enterprises, 1997 ^1/

Acronym	Name of Enterprise
Fully owned public enterprises
AIR BURUNDI	Air Burundi
BCC	Burundi Coffee Company
CAMOFI	Caisse de Mobilisation et de Financement
COGERCO	Compagnie de Gérance Cotonnière
COTEBU	Complexe Textile de Bujumbura
ECOSAT	Encadrement des Constructions Sociales et Aménagement des Terrains
FDC	Fonds de Développement Communal
FOSIP	Fonds de Soutien à l’Investissement Privé
INABU	Imprimerie Nationale du Burundi
ONAPHA	Office National Pharmaceutique
ONATEL	Office National des Télécommunications
ONATOUR	Office National de la Tourbe
OPHAVET	Office Pharmaceutique Vétérinaire
OTB	Office du Thé du Burundi
OTRACO	Office des Transports en Commun
REGIDESO	Régie de Distribution d’Eau et d’Eléctricité
SETEMU	Services Techniques et Municipaux
SIP	Société Immobilière Publique
SOFIDHAR	Société de Financement et Développement de l’Habitat Urbain
SRDI	Société Régionale de Développement de l’IMBO
SRDR	Société Régionale de Développement de Rumonge
Mixed ownership ^2/
ALCOVIT	Aliments Composés Vitaminés
APEE	Agences de Promotion des Echanges Extérieurs
BANCOBU	Banque Commerciale du Burundi
BBCI	Banque Burundaise pour le Commerce et l’Investissement
BCB	Banque de Crédit de Bujumbura
BNDE	Banque Nationale pour le Développement Economique
BPB	Banque Populaire du Burundi
BRARUDI	Brasseries et Limonaderies du Burundi
BUMINCO	Burundi Mining Company
EPB	Exploitation du Port de Bujumbura
FNG	Fonds National de Garantie
FPHU	Fonds de Promotion de l’Habitat Urbain
HOT. SOURCE DU NIL	Hotel Source du Nil
HPB	Huilerie de Palme du Burundi
NOVOTEL	Hotel Novotel
OCIBU	Office des Cultures Industrielles du Burundi
SBF	Société Burundaise de Financement
SER	Société d’Exploitation de la Ferme Randa
SOBUGEA	Société Burundaise de Gestion Portuaire
SOCABU	Société d’Assurances du Burundi
SODECO	Société de Déparchage et de Commercialisation
SOGEMAC	Société de Gestion du Marché Central de Bujumbura
SOGESTAL KAYANZA	Société de Gestion des Stations de Lavage de Kayanza
SOGESTAL KIRIMIRO	Société de Gestion des Stations de Lavage de Kirimiro
SOGESTAL KIRUNDO	Société de Gestion des Stations de Lavage de Kirundo
SOGESTAL MUMIRWA	Société de Gestion des Stations de Lavage de Mumirwa
SOGESTAL NGOZI	Société de Gestion des Stations de Lavage de Ngozi
SOKINABU	Société d’Exploitation de Quinquina du Burundi
SOSUMO	Société Sucrière de Moso
TELECEL BURUNDI	Téléphonie Cellulaire du Burundi
UCAR	Union Commerciale d’Assurances et de Réassurances
UPC	Usine de Produits en Coton
VERRUNDI	Verrerie du Burundi

Source: Service Chargé des Entreprises Publiques (SCEP).

^{^1/}Following the definition under the new public enterprise code promulgated on March 6, 1996 (loi no 1/002); situation as of December 1997.

^{^2/}For government shares, see Table 28.

Table 28.

Main Economic Indicators of Public Enterprises, 1996

(In millions of Burundi francs, unless otherwise indicated)

Source: Service Charge des Entreprises Publiques (SCEP).

^{^1/}Direct or indirect equity participation of government in public enterprises.

Table 28.

Main Economic Indicators of Public Enterprises, 1996

(In millions of Burundi francs, unless otherwise indicated)

Public Enterprise				Equity Capital	Equity Participation (In percent) ^1/	Total Salaries and Wages	Total Assets	Total Debt	Value Added	Earnings before Subsidies
Majority state participation
1	AIR BURUNDI			293	100	172	2,166	1,529	188	-233
2	ALCOVIT			219	90	16	147	42	13	21
3	APEE			144	52	21	155	7	10	-20
4	BBCI			330	79	99	3,580	3,151	215	14
5	BCC			25	100	34	653	585	1	-51
6	BPB			285	86	96	2,634	1,985	246	17
7	CAMOFI			200	100	87	6,161	4,058	264	-560
8	COGERCO			89	100	159	1,853	1,480	252	-33
9	COTEBU			2,500	100	638	5,355	4,792	374	-580
10	ECOSAT			10	100	31	978	789	-3	-39
11	FDC			250	100	12	561	35	32	3
12	FNG			326	87	27	189	90	-21	-58
13	FOSIP			409	100	…	…	…	…	…
14	FPHU			409	83	52	3,461	1,829	50	23
15	HOT. SOURCE DU NIL			761	65	87	1,020	746	136	-22
16	INABU			62	100	60	135	204	11	-54
17	NOVOTEL			498	50	161	1,313	889	206	-98
18	OCIBU PATRIMOINE			77	78	6	14,959	12,855	261	-4,588
19	ONAPHA			105	100	53	274	57	114	25
20	ONATEL			597	100	565	10,834	7,295	3,326	191
21	ONATOUR			54	100	33	472	60	86	13
22	OPHAVET			10	100	5	43	1	1	-6
23	OTB			2,426	100	670	8,025	6,353	982	-688
24	OTRACO			427	100	…	…	…	…	…
25	REGIDESO			1,442	100	995	33,436	18,977	9,012	-1,460
26	SBF			860	67	85	6,488	3,689	715	222
27	SETEMU			178	100	…	…	…	…	…
28	SIP			400	100	57	2,874	2,272	33	-86
39	SOBUGEA			46	90	135	389	245	158	-83
30	SODECO			276	82	192	3,921	3,434	415	-188
31	SOFIDHAR			300	100	…	…	…	…	…
32	SOGESTAL KIRIMIRO			50	52	140	1,552	1,434	190	6
33	SOGESTAL MUMIRWA			30	82	96	1,194	1,109	75	-135
34	SOSUMO			2,145	99	567	9,630	2,806	2,218	437
35	SRDI			35	100	94	4,502	1,037	326	2
36	SRDR			…	100	…	…	…	…	…
37	VERRUNDI			1,832	66	151	1,285	936	-75	-458
		Subtotal		18,099		5,596	130,239	84,771	19,811	-8,466
Minority state participation
38	BANCOBU			330	14	546	17,356	12,390	1,595	103
39	BCB			400	17	546	20,349	17,640	1,440	388
40	BNDE			740	43	139	11,155	7,743	662	2
41	BRARUDI			506	41	1,776	15,448	11,271	3,596	259
42	BUMINCO			498	48	15	36	82	-5	-37
43	EPB			350	43	85	583	244	70	-39
44	HPB			117	49	13	90	419	3	-175
45	OCIBU SOCIAL			77	35	181	1,563	160		-486
46	SER			162	35	8	117	214	12	-22
47	SOCABU			180	39	299	5,232	368	651	93
48	SOGEMAC			20	40	23	136	65	127	31
49	SOGESTAL KAYANZA			30	14	115	2,784	2,604	524	91
50	SOGESTAL KIRUNDO			31	48	…	…	…	…	…
51	SOGESTAL NGOZI			51	27	142	2,468	2,462	325	64
52	SOKINABU			105	17	6	114	8	5	-8
53	TELECEL BURUNDI			562	40	55	759	287	225	-13
54	UCAR			150	19	74	975	304	136	-12
55	UPC			105	19	21	418	412	104	18
		Subtotal		4,413		4,044	79,583	56,673	9,470	257
			Total	22,512		9,640	209,822	141,444	29,281	-8,209

Source: Service Charge des Entreprises Publiques (SCEP).

^{^1/}Direct or indirect equity participation of government in public enterprises.

Table 28.

Main Economic Indicators of Public Enterprises, 1996

(In millions of Burundi francs, unless otherwise indicated)

Public Enterprise				Equity Capital	Equity Participation (In percent) ^1/	Total Salaries and Wages	Total Assets	Total Debt	Value Added	Earnings before Subsidies
Majority state participation
1	AIR BURUNDI			293	100	172	2,166	1,529	188	-233
2	ALCOVIT			219	90	16	147	42	13	21
3	APEE			144	52	21	155	7	10	-20
4	BBCI			330	79	99	3,580	3,151	215	14
5	BCC			25	100	34	653	585	1	-51
6	BPB			285	86	96	2,634	1,985	246	17
7	CAMOFI			200	100	87	6,161	4,058	264	-560
8	COGERCO			89	100	159	1,853	1,480	252	-33
9	COTEBU			2,500	100	638	5,355	4,792	374	-580
10	ECOSAT			10	100	31	978	789	-3	-39
11	FDC			250	100	12	561	35	32	3
12	FNG			326	87	27	189	90	-21	-58
13	FOSIP			409	100	…	…	…	…	…
14	FPHU			409	83	52	3,461	1,829	50	23
15	HOT. SOURCE DU NIL			761	65	87	1,020	746	136	-22
16	INABU			62	100	60	135	204	11	-54
17	NOVOTEL			498	50	161	1,313	889	206	-98
18	OCIBU PATRIMOINE			77	78	6	14,959	12,855	261	-4,588
19	ONAPHA			105	100	53	274	57	114	25
20	ONATEL			597	100	565	10,834	7,295	3,326	191
21	ONATOUR			54	100	33	472	60	86	13
22	OPHAVET			10	100	5	43	1	1	-6
23	OTB			2,426	100	670	8,025	6,353	982	-688
24	OTRACO			427	100	…	…	…	…	…
25	REGIDESO			1,442	100	995	33,436	18,977	9,012	-1,460
26	SBF			860	67	85	6,488	3,689	715	222
27	SETEMU			178	100	…	…	…	…	…
28	SIP			400	100	57	2,874	2,272	33	-86
39	SOBUGEA			46	90	135	389	245	158	-83
30	SODECO			276	82	192	3,921	3,434	415	-188
31	SOFIDHAR			300	100	…	…	…	…	…
32	SOGESTAL KIRIMIRO			50	52	140	1,552	1,434	190	6
33	SOGESTAL MUMIRWA			30	82	96	1,194	1,109	75	-135
34	SOSUMO			2,145	99	567	9,630	2,806	2,218	437
35	SRDI			35	100	94	4,502	1,037	326	2
36	SRDR			…	100	…	…	…	…	…
37	VERRUNDI			1,832	66	151	1,285	936	-75	-458
		Subtotal		18,099		5,596	130,239	84,771	19,811	-8,466
Minority state participation
38	BANCOBU			330	14	546	17,356	12,390	1,595	103
39	BCB			400	17	546	20,349	17,640	1,440	388
40	BNDE			740	43	139	11,155	7,743	662	2
41	BRARUDI			506	41	1,776	15,448	11,271	3,596	259
42	BUMINCO			498	48	15	36	82	-5	-37
43	EPB			350	43	85	583	244	70	-39
44	HPB			117	49	13	90	419	3	-175
45	OCIBU SOCIAL			77	35	181	1,563	160		-486
46	SER			162	35	8	117	214	12	-22
47	SOCABU			180	39	299	5,232	368	651	93
48	SOGEMAC			20	40	23	136	65	127	31
49	SOGESTAL KAYANZA			30	14	115	2,784	2,604	524	91
50	SOGESTAL KIRUNDO			31	48	…	…	…	…	…
51	SOGESTAL NGOZI			51	27	142	2,468	2,462	325	64
52	SOKINABU			105	17	6	114	8	5	-8
53	TELECEL BURUNDI			562	40	55	759	287	225	-13
54	UCAR			150	19	74	975	304	136	-12
55	UPC			105	19	21	418	412	104	18
		Subtotal		4,413		4,044	79,583	56,673	9,470	257
			Total	22,512		9,640	209,822	141,444	29,281	-8,209

Source: Service Charge des Entreprises Publiques (SCEP).

^{^1/}Direct or indirect equity participation of government in public enterprises.

Table 29.

Burundi: Monetary Survey, 1994–98

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff projections.

Table 29.

Burundi: Monetary Survey, 1994–98

					1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
					December				June	Dec. Proj.
					(In billions of Burundi francs)
Net foreign assets					37.3	45.2	37.1	35.6	26.2	36.3
	Central bank				35.7	43.5	31.6	33.7	26.9	37.0
	Deposit money banks				1.6	1.7	5.5	1.9	-0.7	-0.7
Net domestic assets					15.0	4.8	20.1	27.6	37.9	34.5
	Domestic credit				42.1	35.5	54.7	68.0	84.2	84.8
		Net claims on the government			1.0	1.0	11.7	23.4	30.4	27.2
			Central government		8.6	5.7	16.7	27.7	34.5	31.3
				Treasury	12.0	12.1	20.9	31.4	38.2	35.0
				Other central government	-3.4	-6.4	-4.1	-3.7	-3.7	-3.7
			Other government		-7.7	-4.6	-5.0	-4.3	-4.1	-4.1
		Credit to the economy			41.1	34.5	43.0	44.7	53.8	57.6
			Claims on public enterprises		2.7	1.3	1.7	2.2	2.2	2.2
			Claims on private sector		38.4	33.2	41.3	42.4	51.6	55.5
	Other items (net)				-27.0	-30.7	-34.6	-40.5	-46.3	-50.3
Money and quasi money					52.3	50.0	57.2	63.1	64.1	70.9
	Money				39.6	40.0	43.4	48.4	49.5	54.7
	Quasi money				12.7	9.9	13.8	14.7	14.6	16.1
					(Annual change in percent of the beginning-of-period broad money supply)
Net foreign assets					28.9	15.1	-16.2	-2.6	-24.1	1.2
	Central bank				26.2	14.8	-23.7	3.6	-15.0	5.3
	Deposit money banks				2.7	0.3	7.5	-6.3	-9.1	-4.1
Net domestic assets					6.1	-19.6	30.6	13.0	22.4	11.0
Domestic credit					17.3	-12.5	38.3	23.4	41.9	26.6
	Net claims on the government				9.0	0.1	21.4	20.4	21.0	6.0
	Credit to the economy				8.3	-12.7	16.9	3.0	21.0	20.6
		Claims on public enterprises			3.0	-2.7	0.7	0.9	-0.7	-0.1
		Claims on private sector			5.3	-9.9	16.2	2.0	21.7	20.6
Money and quasi money					35.0	-4.5	14.4	10.4	-1.8	12.2
Memorandum item:
	Velocity (GDP/M2)				4.5	5.0	4.8	5.3	…	6.0

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff projections.

Table 29.

Burundi: Monetary Survey, 1994–98

					1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
					December				June	Dec. Proj.
					(In billions of Burundi francs)
Net foreign assets					37.3	45.2	37.1	35.6	26.2	36.3
	Central bank				35.7	43.5	31.6	33.7	26.9	37.0
	Deposit money banks				1.6	1.7	5.5	1.9	-0.7	-0.7
Net domestic assets					15.0	4.8	20.1	27.6	37.9	34.5
	Domestic credit				42.1	35.5	54.7	68.0	84.2	84.8
		Net claims on the government			1.0	1.0	11.7	23.4	30.4	27.2
			Central government		8.6	5.7	16.7	27.7	34.5	31.3
				Treasury	12.0	12.1	20.9	31.4	38.2	35.0
				Other central government	-3.4	-6.4	-4.1	-3.7	-3.7	-3.7
			Other government		-7.7	-4.6	-5.0	-4.3	-4.1	-4.1
		Credit to the economy			41.1	34.5	43.0	44.7	53.8	57.6
			Claims on public enterprises		2.7	1.3	1.7	2.2	2.2	2.2
			Claims on private sector		38.4	33.2	41.3	42.4	51.6	55.5
	Other items (net)				-27.0	-30.7	-34.6	-40.5	-46.3	-50.3
Money and quasi money					52.3	50.0	57.2	63.1	64.1	70.9
	Money				39.6	40.0	43.4	48.4	49.5	54.7
	Quasi money				12.7	9.9	13.8	14.7	14.6	16.1
					(Annual change in percent of the beginning-of-period broad money supply)
Net foreign assets					28.9	15.1	-16.2	-2.6	-24.1	1.2
	Central bank				26.2	14.8	-23.7	3.6	-15.0	5.3
	Deposit money banks				2.7	0.3	7.5	-6.3	-9.1	-4.1
Net domestic assets					6.1	-19.6	30.6	13.0	22.4	11.0
Domestic credit					17.3	-12.5	38.3	23.4	41.9	26.6
	Net claims on the government				9.0	0.1	21.4	20.4	21.0	6.0
	Credit to the economy				8.3	-12.7	16.9	3.0	21.0	20.6
		Claims on public enterprises			3.0	-2.7	0.7	0.9	-0.7	-0.1
		Claims on private sector			5.3	-9.9	16.2	2.0	21.7	20.6
Money and quasi money					35.0	-4.5	14.4	10.4	-1.8	12.2
Memorandum item:
	Velocity (GDP/M2)				4.5	5.0	4.8	5.3	…	6.0

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff projections.

Table 30.

Burundi: Summary Accounts of the Bank of the Republic of Burundi, 1994–98

(In millions of Burundi francs; end of period)

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}Gold valued at SDR 35 per fine troy ounce.

^{^2/}Ordinary advances are extended to the government to cover ordinary budget operations; their level cannot exceed 10 percent of the previous year’s current revenue.

^{^3/}Special advances are extended to finance-selected projects. They have a maturity of ten years. Before 1982, they carried no interest. They are not included in calculating the limit on ordinary advances.

^{^4/}Exceptional advances were introduced in 1982 to consolidate at the end of each year the outstanding amounts of ordinary advances that were not repaid.

^{^5/}Particular advances are short-term loans.

^{^6/}Includes borrowing from the Fund.

Table 30.

Burundi: Summary Accounts of the Bank of the Republic of Burundi, 1994–98

(In millions of Burundi francs; end of period)

			1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
							Mar.	June
Foreign assets			52,812.1	59,836.6	46,630.6	47,918.3	44,060.9	39,355.3
	Of which
		Reserve position in Fund	2,106.8	2,422.4	2,711.1	3,232.3	3,264.3	3,348.0
		SDR holdings ^1/	51.2	19.1	36.9	26.3	99.8	33.9
		Gold holdings	216.7	249.2	276.9	332.5	335.7	344.3
Credit to the government			8,698.2	10,503.6	12,442.5	20,702.2	24,052.7	28,907.2
	Ordinary ^2/		438.1	0.0	1,332.2	5,870.9	4,149.0	4,981.1
	Special ^3/		7,615.5	6,873.8	6,106.2	5,344.50	4,778.3	4,609.8
	Exceptional ^4/		200.0	2,160.0	4,920.0	8,070.0	13,655.0	13,200.0
	Particular ^5/		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	African Development Bank subscription		29.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Postal deposit account		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Treasury certificate advances		415.6	1,469.8	84.1	1,416.8	1,470.4	6,116.3
	Other advances		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Credit to banks			2,528.0	2,145.6	9,239.3	2,387.0	2,970.2	8,694.8
Credit to other financial institutions			633.9	1,371.8	761.2	1,613.0	1,449.2	1,161.8
Credit to official entities			25.0	25.0	25.0	25.0	25.0	25.0
Credit to the private sector			419.7	1,486.1	1,562.5	1,180.6	1,206.7	1,262.4
Other assets			3,000.0	2,151.4	2,150.0	3,150.6	3,007.5	2,874.5
Total assets = Liabilities			68,116.9	77,520.1	72,811.0	76,976.7	76,772.2	82,281.1
Reserve money			22,292.5	22,114.1	26,346.3	26,856.2	26,115.9	28,615.9
	Currency outside banks		19,839.9	20,132.0	24,762.9	24,692.7	24,069.9	26,879.1
	Deposits by banks		1,803.2	1,365.7	1,211.7	1,074.9	944.3	640.9
	Deposits by other financial institutions		6.3	13.0	31.5	449.7	315.8	178.0
	Deposits by other official entities		641.9	563.1	295.9	470.1	762.0	891.7
	Other monetary liabilities		1.2	40.3	44.3	168.8	23.9	26.2
Government deposits			7,713.8	10,837.0	7,305.9	6,082.2	7,422.8	6,537.6
	Central government		6,077.4	8,207.7	5,462.2	4,705.0	5,775.5	5,104.6
	Government agencies		1,443.5	2,568.3	1,700.6	1,122.9	1,453.6	1,225.4
	Local administration		192.9	61.0	143.1	254.3	193.7	207.6
Import deposits			842.0	1,163.5	540.4	2,230.3	1,630.9	2,563.3
Foreign liabilities			17,112.1	16,385.5	15,007.8	14,222.3	13,694.7	12,472.1
	Of which
		Medium- and long-term foreign borrowing ^6/	14,424.4	14,118.6	13,029.7	12,244.2	11,889.8	10,342.0
SDR allocation			4,924.1	5,661.9	6,336.7	7,554.8	7,629.6	7,825.1
Other liabilities			15,232.4	21,358.1	17,274.0	20,030.9	20,278.3	24,267.1

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}Gold valued at SDR 35 per fine troy ounce.

^{^2/}Ordinary advances are extended to the government to cover ordinary budget operations; their level cannot exceed 10 percent of the previous year’s current revenue.

^{^4/}Exceptional advances were introduced in 1982 to consolidate at the end of each year the outstanding amounts of ordinary advances that were not repaid.

^{^5/}Particular advances are short-term loans.

^{^6/}Includes borrowing from the Fund.

Table 30.

Burundi: Summary Accounts of the Bank of the Republic of Burundi, 1994–98

(In millions of Burundi francs; end of period)

			1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
							Mar.	June
Foreign assets			52,812.1	59,836.6	46,630.6	47,918.3	44,060.9	39,355.3
	Of which
		Reserve position in Fund	2,106.8	2,422.4	2,711.1	3,232.3	3,264.3	3,348.0
		SDR holdings ^1/	51.2	19.1	36.9	26.3	99.8	33.9
		Gold holdings	216.7	249.2	276.9	332.5	335.7	344.3
Credit to the government			8,698.2	10,503.6	12,442.5	20,702.2	24,052.7	28,907.2
	Ordinary ^2/		438.1	0.0	1,332.2	5,870.9	4,149.0	4,981.1
	Special ^3/		7,615.5	6,873.8	6,106.2	5,344.50	4,778.3	4,609.8
	Exceptional ^4/		200.0	2,160.0	4,920.0	8,070.0	13,655.0	13,200.0
	Particular ^5/		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	African Development Bank subscription		29.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Postal deposit account		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Treasury certificate advances		415.6	1,469.8	84.1	1,416.8	1,470.4	6,116.3
	Other advances		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Credit to banks			2,528.0	2,145.6	9,239.3	2,387.0	2,970.2	8,694.8
Credit to other financial institutions			633.9	1,371.8	761.2	1,613.0	1,449.2	1,161.8
Credit to official entities			25.0	25.0	25.0	25.0	25.0	25.0
Credit to the private sector			419.7	1,486.1	1,562.5	1,180.6	1,206.7	1,262.4
Other assets			3,000.0	2,151.4	2,150.0	3,150.6	3,007.5	2,874.5
Total assets = Liabilities			68,116.9	77,520.1	72,811.0	76,976.7	76,772.2	82,281.1
Reserve money			22,292.5	22,114.1	26,346.3	26,856.2	26,115.9	28,615.9
	Currency outside banks		19,839.9	20,132.0	24,762.9	24,692.7	24,069.9	26,879.1
	Deposits by banks		1,803.2	1,365.7	1,211.7	1,074.9	944.3	640.9
	Deposits by other financial institutions		6.3	13.0	31.5	449.7	315.8	178.0
	Deposits by other official entities		641.9	563.1	295.9	470.1	762.0	891.7
	Other monetary liabilities		1.2	40.3	44.3	168.8	23.9	26.2
Government deposits			7,713.8	10,837.0	7,305.9	6,082.2	7,422.8	6,537.6
	Central government		6,077.4	8,207.7	5,462.2	4,705.0	5,775.5	5,104.6
	Government agencies		1,443.5	2,568.3	1,700.6	1,122.9	1,453.6	1,225.4
	Local administration		192.9	61.0	143.1	254.3	193.7	207.6
Import deposits			842.0	1,163.5	540.4	2,230.3	1,630.9	2,563.3
Foreign liabilities			17,112.1	16,385.5	15,007.8	14,222.3	13,694.7	12,472.1
	Of which
		Medium- and long-term foreign borrowing ^6/	14,424.4	14,118.6	13,029.7	12,244.2	11,889.8	10,342.0
SDR allocation			4,924.1	5,661.9	6,336.7	7,554.8	7,629.6	7,825.1
Other liabilities			15,232.4	21,358.1	17,274.0	20,030.9	20,278.3	24,267.1

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}Gold valued at SDR 35 per fine troy ounce.

^{^2/}Ordinary advances are extended to the government to cover ordinary budget operations; their level cannot exceed 10 percent of the previous year’s current revenue.

^{^4/}Exceptional advances were introduced in 1982 to consolidate at the end of each year the outstanding amounts of ordinary advances that were not repaid.

^{^5/}Particular advances are short-term loans.

^{^6/}Includes borrowing from the Fund.

Table 31.

Burundi: Summary Accounts of Deposit Money Banks, 1994–98

(In millions of Burundi francs; end of period)

Source: Burundi authorities.

^{^1/}Includes shares in the capital of public enterprises.

Table 31.

Burundi: Summary Accounts of Deposit Money Banks, 1994–98

(In millions of Burundi francs; end of period)

				1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
								Mar.	June
Foreign assets				4,733.0	4,760.2	7,876.9	4,897.6	2,584.3	3,009.3
Reserves				2,242.1	1,327.6	1,721.4	2,851.7	3,553.2	2,924.1
	Cash			766.5	638.7	788.4	999.2	1,113.5	1,112.7
	Deposits with the central bank			1,475.6	688.9	933.0	1,852.5	2,439.7	1,811.4
Total credit				46,537.6	36,618.7	50,418.5	54,574.8	59,715.2	61,755.5
	Credit to the government			6,505.6	5,001.4	9,767.3	12,741.6	13,533.1	10,403.7
		Commercial banks		6,484.6	5,000.0	9,765.9	12,741.6	13,533.1	10,403.7
		Caisse Centrale de Mobilisation et
			de Financement (CAMOFI)	21.0	1.4	1.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
		Caisse d’Epargne du Burundi (CADEBU)		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Credit to the economy			40,032.0	31,617.3	40,651.2	41,833.2	46,182.1	51,351.8
		Commercial banks		36,880.2	29,190.3	38,336.4	41,833.2	46,182.1	51,351.8
			Credit to public enterprises ^1/	2,760.4	1,331.5	1,684.8	2,225.5	2,015.0	2,179.9
			Credit to the private sector	34,021.7	27,661.5	35,715.1	39,515.6	44,075.0	49,079.8
			Credit to other financial institutions	98.1	197.3	936.5	92.1	92.1	92.1
		CAMOFI		3,151.8	2,427.0	2,314.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
		CADEBU		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total deposits				37,707.8	32,822.3	36,173.1	40,711.7	41,387.5	37,981.6
Government deposits				6,464.5	3,638.0	3,103.6	3,890.4	3,368.0	2,389.5
Nongovernment deposits				31,243.3	29,184.3	33,069.5	36,821.3	38,019.5	35,592.1
Demand deposits				18,584.6	18,118.2	17,724.7	22,113.6	22,213.5	21,028.6
Time and savings deposits				12,658.7	11,066.1	15,344.8	14,707.7	15,806.1	14,563.5
Refinancing from the central bank				2,595.8	1,550.4	9,215.2	1,127.6	4,839.7	10,091.8
Foreign liabilities				3,198.0	3,091.1	2,477.3	3,018.6	3,327.2	3,692.2
Commercial banks				3,154.9	3,048.0	2,448.3	3,018.6	3,327.2	3,692.2
CAMOFI				43.1	43.1	29.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Capital and reserves				8,690.8	8,630.0	12,158.4	12,574.7	13,810.0	13,381.7
Other items (net)				1,320.3	-3,387.3	-7.2	4,891.5	2,488.3	2,541.6

Source: Burundi authorities.

^{^1/}Includes shares in the capital of public enterprises.

Table 31.

Burundi: Summary Accounts of Deposit Money Banks, 1994–98

(In millions of Burundi francs; end of period)

				1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
								Mar.	June
Foreign assets				4,733.0	4,760.2	7,876.9	4,897.6	2,584.3	3,009.3
Reserves				2,242.1	1,327.6	1,721.4	2,851.7	3,553.2	2,924.1
	Cash			766.5	638.7	788.4	999.2	1,113.5	1,112.7
	Deposits with the central bank			1,475.6	688.9	933.0	1,852.5	2,439.7	1,811.4
Total credit				46,537.6	36,618.7	50,418.5	54,574.8	59,715.2	61,755.5
	Credit to the government			6,505.6	5,001.4	9,767.3	12,741.6	13,533.1	10,403.7
		Commercial banks		6,484.6	5,000.0	9,765.9	12,741.6	13,533.1	10,403.7
		Caisse Centrale de Mobilisation et
			de Financement (CAMOFI)	21.0	1.4	1.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
		Caisse d’Epargne du Burundi (CADEBU)		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Credit to the economy			40,032.0	31,617.3	40,651.2	41,833.2	46,182.1	51,351.8
		Commercial banks		36,880.2	29,190.3	38,336.4	41,833.2	46,182.1	51,351.8
			Credit to public enterprises ^1/	2,760.4	1,331.5	1,684.8	2,225.5	2,015.0	2,179.9
			Credit to the private sector	34,021.7	27,661.5	35,715.1	39,515.6	44,075.0	49,079.8
			Credit to other financial institutions	98.1	197.3	936.5	92.1	92.1	92.1
		CAMOFI		3,151.8	2,427.0	2,314.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
		CADEBU		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total deposits				37,707.8	32,822.3	36,173.1	40,711.7	41,387.5	37,981.6
Government deposits				6,464.5	3,638.0	3,103.6	3,890.4	3,368.0	2,389.5
Nongovernment deposits				31,243.3	29,184.3	33,069.5	36,821.3	38,019.5	35,592.1
Demand deposits				18,584.6	18,118.2	17,724.7	22,113.6	22,213.5	21,028.6
Time and savings deposits				12,658.7	11,066.1	15,344.8	14,707.7	15,806.1	14,563.5
Refinancing from the central bank				2,595.8	1,550.4	9,215.2	1,127.6	4,839.7	10,091.8
Foreign liabilities				3,198.0	3,091.1	2,477.3	3,018.6	3,327.2	3,692.2
Commercial banks				3,154.9	3,048.0	2,448.3	3,018.6	3,327.2	3,692.2
CAMOFI				43.1	43.1	29.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Capital and reserves				8,690.8	8,630.0	12,158.4	12,574.7	13,810.0	13,381.7
Other items (net)				1,320.3	-3,387.3	-7.2	4,891.5	2,488.3	2,541.6

Source: Burundi authorities.

^{^1/}Includes shares in the capital of public enterprises.

Table 32.

Burundi: Summary Accounts of Burundi Development Bank (BNDE), Burundi Financing Company (SBF), Caisse Centrale de Mobilisation et de Financement (CAMOFI), and Société de Gestion Financière (SOGEFI) 1994–98

(In millions of Burundi francs; end of period)

Source: Burundi authorities.

^{^1/}CAMOFI was reclassified as a nonbank financial institution in early 1997.

^{^2/}SOGEFI was created in 1992.

Table 32.

(In millions of Burundi francs; end of period)

			1994	1995	1996	1997	1998 Mar.
BNDE
	Credit to the economy		7,706.5	8,021.4	8,631.1	7,667.3	7,297.3
		Of which: private sector	6,711.7	7,395.8	8,168.7	7,263.5	5,860.0
	Other assets		1,237.4	1,787.9	2,329.8	3,030.6	3,459.3
	Assets = Liabilities		8,943.9	9,809.2	10,960.9	10,697.8	10,755.6
	Liabilities to other financial institutions		104.2	160.2	904.3	…	…
	Foreign liabilities		4,495.9	5,117.0	5,222.0	5,602.5	5,047.3
	Capital and reserves		2,230.7	2,669.5	3,217.5	3,643.3	3,757.9
	Other liabilities		2,113.1	1,862.5	1,617.1	1,452.0	1,951.4
SBF
	Reserves		23.3	34.4	53.8	245.2	82.8
	Credit to the economy		4,266.0	4,715.6	5,116.9	4,577.4	4,551.0
		Of which: private sector	3,547.5	3,799.1	4,382.6	3,889.5	3,800.4
	Other assets		1,345.3	1,291.7	1,216.4	1,438.9	1,295.7
	Assets = Liabilities		5,634.6	6,041.7	6,386.5	6,261.5	5,929.7
	Capital and reserves		1,025.5	911.8	1,139.0	1,494.6	1,297.1
	Other liabilities		4,609.1	5,129.9	5,247.5	4,765.9	4,632.5
CAMOFI ^1/
	Foreign assets		…	…	…	342.1	167.9
	Credit to government		…	…	…	25.0	202.4
	Credit to the economy		…	…	…	3,320.7	3,308.6
		Of which: private sector		…		2,690.1	2,701.9
	Other assets			…	…	1,176.0	1,175.3
	Assets = Liabilities		…	…	…	4,863.8	4,854.2
	Government deposits					2,104.4	2,115.6
	Nongovernment deposits					446.2	665.4
	Capital and reserves		…	…	…	-239.4	-251.4
	Foreign liabilities		…	…	…	29.0	29.0
	Other liabilities		…	…	…	2,523.6	2,295.7
SOGEFI ^2/
	Foreign assets		12.8	15.5	15.3	…	…
	Credit to the economy		511.0	865.6	910.6	…	…
		Of which: private sector	482.9	802.0	847.0	…	…
	Other assets		422.8	145.3	176.9	…	…
	Assets = Liabilities		946.6	1,026.4	1,102.8	…	…
	Capital and reserves		243.2	370.7	485.6	…	…
	Other liabilities		703.4	655.7	617.2	…	…

Source: Burundi authorities.

^{^1/}CAMOFI was reclassified as a nonbank financial institution in early 1997.

^{^2/}SOGEFI was created in 1992.

Table 32.

(In millions of Burundi francs; end of period)

			1994	1995	1996	1997	1998 Mar.
BNDE
	Credit to the economy		7,706.5	8,021.4	8,631.1	7,667.3	7,297.3
		Of which: private sector	6,711.7	7,395.8	8,168.7	7,263.5	5,860.0
	Other assets		1,237.4	1,787.9	2,329.8	3,030.6	3,459.3
	Assets = Liabilities		8,943.9	9,809.2	10,960.9	10,697.8	10,755.6
	Liabilities to other financial institutions		104.2	160.2	904.3	…	…
	Foreign liabilities		4,495.9	5,117.0	5,222.0	5,602.5	5,047.3
	Capital and reserves		2,230.7	2,669.5	3,217.5	3,643.3	3,757.9
	Other liabilities		2,113.1	1,862.5	1,617.1	1,452.0	1,951.4
SBF
	Reserves		23.3	34.4	53.8	245.2	82.8
	Credit to the economy		4,266.0	4,715.6	5,116.9	4,577.4	4,551.0
		Of which: private sector	3,547.5	3,799.1	4,382.6	3,889.5	3,800.4
	Other assets		1,345.3	1,291.7	1,216.4	1,438.9	1,295.7
	Assets = Liabilities		5,634.6	6,041.7	6,386.5	6,261.5	5,929.7
	Capital and reserves		1,025.5	911.8	1,139.0	1,494.6	1,297.1
	Other liabilities		4,609.1	5,129.9	5,247.5	4,765.9	4,632.5
CAMOFI ^1/
	Foreign assets		…	…	…	342.1	167.9
	Credit to government		…	…	…	25.0	202.4
	Credit to the economy		…	…	…	3,320.7	3,308.6
		Of which: private sector		…		2,690.1	2,701.9
	Other assets			…	…	1,176.0	1,175.3
	Assets = Liabilities		…	…	…	4,863.8	4,854.2
	Government deposits					2,104.4	2,115.6
	Nongovernment deposits					446.2	665.4
	Capital and reserves		…	…	…	-239.4	-251.4
	Foreign liabilities		…	…	…	29.0	29.0
	Other liabilities		…	…	…	2,523.6	2,295.7
SOGEFI ^2/
	Foreign assets		12.8	15.5	15.3	…	…
	Credit to the economy		511.0	865.6	910.6	…	…
		Of which: private sector	482.9	802.0	847.0	…	…
	Other assets		422.8	145.3	176.9	…	…
	Assets = Liabilities		946.6	1,026.4	1,102.8	…	…
	Capital and reserves		243.2	370.7	485.6	…	…
	Other liabilities		703.4	655.7	617.2	…	…

Source: Burundi authorities.

^{^1/}CAMOFI was reclassified as a nonbank financial institution in early 1997.

^{^2/}SOGEFI was created in 1992.

Table 33.

Burundi: Outstanding Amount of Treasury Certificates, 1994–98 ^1/

(In millions of Burundi francs; period average, unless otherwise specified)

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}These figures do not include treasury certificates sold by the central bank in the open market.

Table 33.

Burundi: Outstanding Amount of Treasury Certificates, 1994–98 ^1/

(In millions of Burundi francs; period average, unless otherwise specified)

		1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
						Mar.	June
One month		1,985.9	1,687.1	4,980.7	11,771.6	13,874.1	10,882.7
Three months		1,173.7	2,245.9	5,772.1	6,219.1	5,419.2	8,331.2
	Total	3,159.6	3,933.0	10,752.8	17,990.7	19,293.3	19,216.9
	Variation (net)	-340.4	773.4	6,819.8	7,237.9	1,302.6	-76.4
Outstanding treasury certificates (in percent of stock of broad money at beginning of period)		8.1	7.5	21.1	31.4	30.6	30.4

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}These figures do not include treasury certificates sold by the central bank in the open market.

Table 33.

Burundi: Outstanding Amount of Treasury Certificates, 1994–98 ^1/

(In millions of Burundi francs; period average, unless otherwise specified)

		1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
						Mar.	June
One month		1,985.9	1,687.1	4,980.7	11,771.6	13,874.1	10,882.7
Three months		1,173.7	2,245.9	5,772.1	6,219.1	5,419.2	8,331.2
	Total	3,159.6	3,933.0	10,752.8	17,990.7	19,293.3	19,216.9
	Variation (net)	-340.4	773.4	6,819.8	7,237.9	1,302.6	-76.4
Outstanding treasury certificates (in percent of stock of broad money at beginning of period)		8.1	7.5	21.1	31.4	30.6	30.4

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}These figures do not include treasury certificates sold by the central bank in the open market.

Table 34.

Burundi: Distribution of Credit to the Economy, 1994–98

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}Includes credit provided by commercial banks and other financial institutions.

Table 34.

Burundi: Distribution of Credit to the Economy, 1994–98

					1994	1995	1996	1997	1998 June
					(In millions of Burundi francs, unless otherwise specified)
Short term					35,757.6	33,457.4	40,764.5	44,263.7	52,922.0
	In percent of total				70.0	67.3	71.3	75.2	78.0
		Of which
			Agricultural activities		476.7	434.5	…	…	…
			Industrial activities		4,623.8	4,140.3	…	…	…
			Trade		13,391.6	15,803.6	…	…	…
				Of which: coffee exports	3,313.7	3,519.5	9,930.2	8,607.7	6,195.3
Medium term					7,861.5	7,989.2	8,195.3	6,852.4	7,501.7
	In percent of total				15.4	16.1	14.3	11.6	11.1
		Of which
			Agricultural activities		170.4	118.2	…	…	…
			Civil engineering		1,595.2	1,693.5	…	…	…
			Industrial activities		1,730.9	1,081.2	…	…	…
			Trade		1,091.5	968.8	…	…	…
			Transport and transit		608.0	443.2	…	…	…
Long term					7,443.3	8,251.8	8,216.3	7,763.4	7,452.8
	In percent of total				14.6	16.6	14.4	13.2	10.9
		Of which
			Agricultural activities		296.1	288.3	…	…	…
			Civil engineering		3,641.5	5,132.4	…	…	…
			Other services		299.9	70.2	…	…	…
			Trade		574.9	413.0	…	…	…
	Total ^1/				51,062.4	49,698.4	57,176.1	58,879.5	67,876.5
					(In percent of total credit)
Agricultural activities					1.9	1.7	…	…	…
Civil engineering and other services					10.8	13.9	…	…	…
Industrial activities					12.4	10.5	…	…	…
Trade					29.5	34.6	…	…	…
Transport and transit					1.2	0.9	…	…	…

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}Includes credit provided by commercial banks and other financial institutions.

Table 34.

Burundi: Distribution of Credit to the Economy, 1994–98

					1994	1995	1996	1997	1998 June
					(In millions of Burundi francs, unless otherwise specified)
Short term					35,757.6	33,457.4	40,764.5	44,263.7	52,922.0
	In percent of total				70.0	67.3	71.3	75.2	78.0
		Of which
			Agricultural activities		476.7	434.5	…	…	…
			Industrial activities		4,623.8	4,140.3	…	…	…
			Trade		13,391.6	15,803.6	…	…	…
				Of which: coffee exports	3,313.7	3,519.5	9,930.2	8,607.7	6,195.3
Medium term					7,861.5	7,989.2	8,195.3	6,852.4	7,501.7
	In percent of total				15.4	16.1	14.3	11.6	11.1
		Of which
			Agricultural activities		170.4	118.2	…	…	…
			Civil engineering		1,595.2	1,693.5	…	…	…
			Industrial activities		1,730.9	1,081.2	…	…	…
			Trade		1,091.5	968.8	…	…	…
			Transport and transit		608.0	443.2	…	…	…
Long term					7,443.3	8,251.8	8,216.3	7,763.4	7,452.8
	In percent of total				14.6	16.6	14.4	13.2	10.9
		Of which
			Agricultural activities		296.1	288.3	…	…	…
			Civil engineering		3,641.5	5,132.4	…	…	…
			Other services		299.9	70.2	…	…	…
			Trade		574.9	413.0	…	…	…
	Total ^1/				51,062.4	49,698.4	57,176.1	58,879.5	67,876.5
					(In percent of total credit)
Agricultural activities					1.9	1.7	…	…	…
Civil engineering and other services					10.8	13.9	…	…	…
Industrial activities					12.4	10.5	…	…	…
Trade					29.5	34.6	…	…	…
Transport and transit					1.2	0.9	…	…	…

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}Includes credit provided by commercial banks and other financial institutions.

Table 35.

Burundi: Structure of Interest Rates, 1994–98

(In percent per annum)

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

Table 35.

Burundi: Structure of Interest Rates, 1994–98

(In percent per annum)

			1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
							Mar.	June
Lending rates
	Short-term loans		16.4	15.9	15.4	16.1	17.0	17.6
		Export credits	8.6	10.1	12.0	12.1	12.0	12.5
		Cash-flow credits	17.9	16.8	16.6	17.1	17.9	18.3
	Medium-term loans		16.1	15.4	15.3	15.8	16.2	16.8
		Housing construction	16.9	16.6	16.4	16.7	17.3	17.5
		Other medium-term loans	15.9	14.8	14.9	15.5	15.8	16.6
	Long-term loans		14.6	15.0	15.0	14.5	14.5	14.6
		Housing construction	13.4	14.0	13.6	14.2	14.2	16.2
		Other long-term loans	14.8	15.3	15.1	14.5	14.5	14.5
Rediscount rate of the central bank			10.0	10.0	10.0	12.0	12.0	12.0
Deposit rates
	Demand deposits		2.4	4.3	3.8	4.8	5.2	5.8
	Passbook savings		8.0	8.0	8.1	8.0	8.0	8.0
	Time deposits
		Less than 1 month	9.3	9.0	8.7	8.7	9.2	9.2
		Up to 12 months	10.1	9.5	9.1	9.3	9.4	9.4
		Up to 24 months	12.5	12.1	8.6	8.5	8.9	8.5
		More than 24 months	11.8	12.9	8.5	8.5	8.5	8.5
	Advance-notice deposits
		Up to 1 month	6.5	6.3	6.4	5.0	5.0	5.0
		Up to 12 months	5.5	7.5	9.6	5.5	5.5	5.5
	Savings bonds
		Up to.1 month	11.3	9.1	…	9.1	10.5	10.5
		Up to 12 months	11.2	9.8	9.3	9.6	9.7	9.8
		More than 12 months	11.2	…	…	…	…	…

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

Table 35.

Burundi: Structure of Interest Rates, 1994–98

(In percent per annum)

			1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
							Mar.	June
Lending rates
	Short-term loans		16.4	15.9	15.4	16.1	17.0	17.6
		Export credits	8.6	10.1	12.0	12.1	12.0	12.5
		Cash-flow credits	17.9	16.8	16.6	17.1	17.9	18.3
	Medium-term loans		16.1	15.4	15.3	15.8	16.2	16.8
		Housing construction	16.9	16.6	16.4	16.7	17.3	17.5
		Other medium-term loans	15.9	14.8	14.9	15.5	15.8	16.6
	Long-term loans		14.6	15.0	15.0	14.5	14.5	14.6
		Housing construction	13.4	14.0	13.6	14.2	14.2	16.2
		Other long-term loans	14.8	15.3	15.1	14.5	14.5	14.5
Rediscount rate of the central bank			10.0	10.0	10.0	12.0	12.0	12.0
Deposit rates
	Demand deposits		2.4	4.3	3.8	4.8	5.2	5.8
	Passbook savings		8.0	8.0	8.1	8.0	8.0	8.0
	Time deposits
		Less than 1 month	9.3	9.0	8.7	8.7	9.2	9.2
		Up to 12 months	10.1	9.5	9.1	9.3	9.4	9.4
		Up to 24 months	12.5	12.1	8.6	8.5	8.9	8.5
		More than 24 months	11.8	12.9	8.5	8.5	8.5	8.5
	Advance-notice deposits
		Up to 1 month	6.5	6.3	6.4	5.0	5.0	5.0
		Up to 12 months	5.5	7.5	9.6	5.5	5.5	5.5
	Savings bonds
		Up to.1 month	11.3	9.1	…	9.1	10.5	10.5
		Up to 12 months	11.2	9.8	9.3	9.6	9.7	9.8
		More than 12 months	11.2	…	…	…	…	…

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

Table 36.

Burundi: Balance of Payments, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}Includes private loans, short-term capital, and errors and omissions.

Table 36.

Burundi: Balance of Payments, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

				1994	1995	1996	1997 Prel.	1998 Proj.
Trade balance				-91.9	-63.0	-59.9	-10.6	-53.2
	Exports, f.o.b.			80.7	112.5	40.1	87.3	49.3
		Of which: coffee		57.2	89.1	28.8	76.6	38.6
	Imports, f.o.b			-172.6	-175.6	-100.0	-97.9	-102.6
Services (net)				-87.9	-93.6	-40.8	-40.4	-42.0
	Nonfactor services (net)			-76.5	-81.0	-26.8	-29.7	-32.2
	Factor services (net)			-11.4	-12.6	-14.0	-10.7	-9.8
Private transfers (net)				17.4	15.6	11.2	8.7	11.0
Current account (excluding official transfers)				-162.4	-141.0	-89.4	-42.3	-84.2
Official transfers				143.8	136.1	49.8	50.9	50.9
Current account (including official transfers)				-18.6	-4.9	-39.6	8.6	-33.3
Capital account				62.4	7.3	-43.4	-39.8	8.0
	Direct investment			-0.1	1.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Medium- and long-term official loans (net)			25.2	4.9	7.3	3.5	8.0
		Disbursements		50.8	40.3	46.1	26.0	30.0
			Program loans	2.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Project loans	48.5	40.3	46.1	26.0	30.0
		Amortization		-25.6	-35.4	-38.8	-22.6	-22.0
	Other capital and errors and omissions ^1/			37.3	1.0	-50.7	-43.3	0.0
Overall balance				43.8	2.4	-83.0	-31.3	-25.3
Financing (increase in assets -)				-43.8	-2.4	83.0	31.2	25.3
	Change in net reserves			-47.9	-11.8	58.3	15.6	9.1
	Change in arrears (increase +)			4.1	9.4	24.7	15.7	16.2
Financing gap				0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Memorandum items:
	Trade balance/GDP (in percent)			-10.0	-6.3	-6.6	-1.1	-5.5
	Current account (excluding official transfers)/GDP
		(in percent)		-17.6	-14.1	-9.9	-4.4	-8.6
	Current account (including official transfers)/GDP
		(in percent)		-2.0	-0.5	-4.4	0.9	-3.4
	Gross official reserves
		In U.S. dollars		213.9	215.3	144.7	117.3	108.2
		In months of imports, c.i.f.		8.2	7.8	10.8	9.6	8.6
	Net reserves (in months of imports, c.i.f.)			7.8	8.1	9.5	8.1	6.9
	Total external debt (in percent of GDP; end of period)			120.1	118.3	130.5	123.6	122.9
	Scheduled debt service (in percent of exports of goods and nonfactor services)			39.6	39.3	105.9	36.3	57.9
		Exchange rate (FBu/US$; period average)		252.7	249.8	302.8	352.4	435.2

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}Includes private loans, short-term capital, and errors and omissions.

Table 36.

Burundi: Balance of Payments, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

				1994	1995	1996	1997 Prel.	1998 Proj.
Trade balance				-91.9	-63.0	-59.9	-10.6	-53.2
	Exports, f.o.b.			80.7	112.5	40.1	87.3	49.3
		Of which: coffee		57.2	89.1	28.8	76.6	38.6
	Imports, f.o.b			-172.6	-175.6	-100.0	-97.9	-102.6
Services (net)				-87.9	-93.6	-40.8	-40.4	-42.0
	Nonfactor services (net)			-76.5	-81.0	-26.8	-29.7	-32.2
	Factor services (net)			-11.4	-12.6	-14.0	-10.7	-9.8
Private transfers (net)				17.4	15.6	11.2	8.7	11.0
Current account (excluding official transfers)				-162.4	-141.0	-89.4	-42.3	-84.2
Official transfers				143.8	136.1	49.8	50.9	50.9
Current account (including official transfers)				-18.6	-4.9	-39.6	8.6	-33.3
Capital account				62.4	7.3	-43.4	-39.8	8.0
	Direct investment			-0.1	1.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Medium- and long-term official loans (net)			25.2	4.9	7.3	3.5	8.0
		Disbursements		50.8	40.3	46.1	26.0	30.0
			Program loans	2.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
			Project loans	48.5	40.3	46.1	26.0	30.0
		Amortization		-25.6	-35.4	-38.8	-22.6	-22.0
	Other capital and errors and omissions ^1/			37.3	1.0	-50.7	-43.3	0.0
Overall balance				43.8	2.4	-83.0	-31.3	-25.3
Financing (increase in assets -)				-43.8	-2.4	83.0	31.2	25.3
	Change in net reserves			-47.9	-11.8	58.3	15.6	9.1
	Change in arrears (increase +)			4.1	9.4	24.7	15.7	16.2
Financing gap				0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Memorandum items:
	Trade balance/GDP (in percent)			-10.0	-6.3	-6.6	-1.1	-5.5
	Current account (excluding official transfers)/GDP
		(in percent)		-17.6	-14.1	-9.9	-4.4	-8.6
	Current account (including official transfers)/GDP
		(in percent)		-2.0	-0.5	-4.4	0.9	-3.4
	Gross official reserves
		In U.S. dollars		213.9	215.3	144.7	117.3	108.2
		In months of imports, c.i.f.		8.2	7.8	10.8	9.6	8.6
	Net reserves (in months of imports, c.i.f.)			7.8	8.1	9.5	8.1	6.9
	Total external debt (in percent of GDP; end of period)			120.1	118.3	130.5	123.6	122.9
	Scheduled debt service (in percent of exports of goods and nonfactor services)			39.6	39.3	105.9	36.3	57.9
		Exchange rate (FBu/US$; period average)		252.7	249.8	302.8	352.4	435.2

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}Includes private loans, short-term capital, and errors and omissions.

Table 37:

Burundi: Composition of Exports, f.o.b., 1994–98

(Value in millions of U.S. dollars; volume and other units as indicated)

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 37:

Burundi: Composition of Exports, f.o.b., 1994–98

(Value in millions of U.S. dollars; volume and other units as indicated)

		1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
Coffee
	Value	57.2	89.2	28.8	76.6	38.6
	Volume (tons)	20,941	30,245	14,471	31,836	22,000
	Unit value (US$ per kg.)	2.7	2.9	2.0	2.4	1.8
	Unit value (cents per lb.)	122.5	131.5	90.7	109.2	79.7
Tea
	Value	9.3	9.7	4.7	9.0	9.0
	Volume (tons)	5,575	6,795	3,412	6,330	6,500
	Unit value (US$ per kg.)	1.7	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4
Cotton
	Value	3.4	1.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Volume (tons)	2,130	889	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Unit value (US$ per kg.)	1.6	1.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hides and skins
	Value	2.4	2.1	0.9	0.1	0.1
	Volume (tons)	839	664	355	179	179
	Unit value (US$ per kg.)	2.8	3.2	2.5	0.6	0.5
Other primary products
	Value	2.9	2.9	1.6	1.1	1.2
Manufactured products
	Value	5.4	7.0	4.2	0.5	0.5
Reexports
	Value	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total export value		80.7	112.5	40.1	87.3	49.3
	(percent change)	9.2	39.5	-64.4	117.4	-43.5

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 37:

Burundi: Composition of Exports, f.o.b., 1994–98

(Value in millions of U.S. dollars; volume and other units as indicated)

		1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
Coffee
	Value	57.2	89.2	28.8	76.6	38.6
	Volume (tons)	20,941	30,245	14,471	31,836	22,000
	Unit value (US$ per kg.)	2.7	2.9	2.0	2.4	1.8
	Unit value (cents per lb.)	122.5	131.5	90.7	109.2	79.7
Tea
	Value	9.3	9.7	4.7	9.0	9.0
	Volume (tons)	5,575	6,795	3,412	6,330	6,500
	Unit value (US$ per kg.)	1.7	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4
Cotton
	Value	3.4	1.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Volume (tons)	2,130	889	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Unit value (US$ per kg.)	1.6	1.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hides and skins
	Value	2.4	2.1	0.9	0.1	0.1
	Volume (tons)	839	664	355	179	179
	Unit value (US$ per kg.)	2.8	3.2	2.5	0.6	0.5
Other primary products
	Value	2.9	2.9	1.6	1.1	1.2
Manufactured products
	Value	5.4	7.0	4.2	0.5	0.5
Reexports
	Value	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total export value		80.7	112.5	40.1	87.3	49.3
	(percent change)	9.2	39.5	-64.4	117.4	-43.5

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 38.

Burundi: Composition of Imports, c.i.f., 1994–98

(Values in millions of U.S. dollars; other units as indicated)

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 38.

Burundi: Composition of Imports, c.i.f., 1994–98

(Values in millions of U.S. dollars; other units as indicated)

					1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.

Capital goods
	Value				80.9	87.6	48.5	45.3	48.8
		(percent change)			3.3	8.3	-44.6	-6.6	7.7
		(percent change in volume)			0.2	-3.3	-42.7	2.8	12.1
		(percent change in unit value)			3.1	12.0	-3.4	-9.1	-3.9
Intermediate goods
	Value				55.3	62.4	38.1	33.3	34.9
		(percent change)			-3.0	12.8	-38.9	-12.6	4.8
			Petroleum products		29.0	26.6	18.2	13.8	14.3
				(percent change)	21.8	-8.3	-31.6	-24.2	3.6
				(percent change in volume)	29.0	-15.1	-42.3	-19.8	50.4
				(percent change in unit value)	-5.5	8.1	18.6	-5.4	-31.1
			Other		26.3	35.8	19.9	19.5	20.6
				(percent change)	-20.8	36.1	-44.4	-2.0	5.7
				(percent change in volume)	22.9	33.2	-45.9	-4.8	10.0
				(percent change in unit value)	2.8	2.2	2.8	2.9	-3.9
Consumption goods
	Value				87.4	82.9	36.8	44.1	44.9
		(percent change)			16.5	-5.1	-55.6	19.8	1.8
			Food		30.0	28.8	10.9	11.2	10.1
				(percent change)	61.3	-4.0	-62.2	2.8	-9.8
				(percent change in volume)	53.1	-11.6	-66.3	15.3	2.8
				(percent change in unit value)	5.0	8.6	12.3	-10.9	-12.3
			Other		57.4	54.1	25.9	32.9	34.8
				(percent change)	1.8	-5.7	-52.1	27.0	5.8
				(percent change in volume)	-1.3	-15.8	-50.4	39.7	10.1
				(percent change in unit value)	3.1	12.0	-3.4	-9.1	-3.9
Other (adjustments)					0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total imports, c.i.f.					223.6	232.9	123.4	122.7	128.6
	(percent change)				6.3	4.2	-47.0	-0.6	4.8

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 38.

Burundi: Composition of Imports, c.i.f., 1994–98

(Values in millions of U.S. dollars; other units as indicated)

					1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.

Capital goods
	Value				80.9	87.6	48.5	45.3	48.8
		(percent change)			3.3	8.3	-44.6	-6.6	7.7
		(percent change in volume)			0.2	-3.3	-42.7	2.8	12.1
		(percent change in unit value)			3.1	12.0	-3.4	-9.1	-3.9
Intermediate goods
	Value				55.3	62.4	38.1	33.3	34.9
		(percent change)			-3.0	12.8	-38.9	-12.6	4.8
			Petroleum products		29.0	26.6	18.2	13.8	14.3
				(percent change)	21.8	-8.3	-31.6	-24.2	3.6
				(percent change in volume)	29.0	-15.1	-42.3	-19.8	50.4
				(percent change in unit value)	-5.5	8.1	18.6	-5.4	-31.1
			Other		26.3	35.8	19.9	19.5	20.6
				(percent change)	-20.8	36.1	-44.4	-2.0	5.7
				(percent change in volume)	22.9	33.2	-45.9	-4.8	10.0
				(percent change in unit value)	2.8	2.2	2.8	2.9	-3.9
Consumption goods
	Value				87.4	82.9	36.8	44.1	44.9
		(percent change)			16.5	-5.1	-55.6	19.8	1.8
			Food		30.0	28.8	10.9	11.2	10.1
				(percent change)	61.3	-4.0	-62.2	2.8	-9.8
				(percent change in volume)	53.1	-11.6	-66.3	15.3	2.8
				(percent change in unit value)	5.0	8.6	12.3	-10.9	-12.3
			Other		57.4	54.1	25.9	32.9	34.8
				(percent change)	1.8	-5.7	-52.1	27.0	5.8
				(percent change in volume)	-1.3	-15.8	-50.4	39.7	10.1
				(percent change in unit value)	3.1	12.0	-3.4	-9.1	-3.9
Other (adjustments)					0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total imports, c.i.f.					223.6	232.9	123.4	122.7	128.6
	(percent change)				6.3	4.2	-47.0	-0.6	4.8

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 39.

Burundi: Services and Transfers, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}SAC is Structural Adjustment Credit, and STABEX is Stabilization System for Export Earnings.

Table 39.

Burundi: Services and Transfers, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

						1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
Services (net)						-87.9	-93.6	-40.8	-40.4	-42.0
	Nonfactor services (net)					-76.4	-81.0	-26.8	-29.7	-32.2
		Credit				14.5	16.4	10.1	8.3	7.6
			Freight			1.8	1.0	0.5	0.8	0.5
			Passenger services			1.3	1.0	0.9	0.8	0.5
			Revenue from government services			1.3	3.6	1.6	2.7	2.8
			Travel			1.9	1.4	1.2	0.6	0.3
			Foreign governments			7.2	8.4	4.4	2.6	2.7
			Other			0.9	0.9	1.5	0.8	0.8
		Debit				-90.9	-97.4	-36.9	-38.0	-39.8
			Freight (including insurance)			-35.8	-30.6	-13.8	-19.8	-20.7
			Other freight			0.0	0.0	0.0	…	…
			Travel			-18.0	-25.4	-12.1	-10.1	-10.5
			Government of Burundi (net)			-18.9	-21.1	-9.1	-8.1	-8.5
			Studies			…	…	…	…	…
			Scholarships			…	…	…	…	…
			Technical assistance			-15.9	-17.8	…	…	…
			Other			-2.4	-2.5	-1.9	…	…
	Factor services (net)					-11.5	-12.6	-14.0	-10.7	-9.8
		Credit (investment income)				12.5	10.4	6.4	4.3	4.3
		Debit				-24.0	-23.0	-20.4	-15.0	-14.1
			Dividends			-3.4	-3.1	-1.5	-0.6	-0.6
			Interest payments			-13.6	-15.3	-14.4	-12.1	-11.0
				Of which
					Interest on public debt	-12.6	-14.1	-13.3	-11.0	-10.0
		Labor income				-6.0	-4.5	-4.5	-2.3	-2.3
		Property income				-1.0	-0.1	0.0	0.0	-0.2
Transfers (net)						161.2	151.7	61.0	59.6	59.8
	Private (net)					17.4	15.6	11.2	8.7	11.0
		Receipts				18.3	17.5	12.1	9.8	12.1
		Payments				-0.9	-1.9	-0.9	-1.1	-1.1
	Official receipts (net)					143.8	136.1	49.8	50.9	50.9
		Credit				144.7	137.1	50.4	51.4	51.4
			SAC cofinancing ^1/			…	…	…	…	…
			Other current grants			…	…	…	…	…
				STABEX ^1/		…	…	…	…	…
				Technical assistance		…	…	…	…	…
				Other current		…	…	…	…	…
			Capital grants			…	…	…	…	…
		Debit (contribution to international organizations)				-0.9	-1.0	-0.6	-0.5	-0.5

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}SAC is Structural Adjustment Credit, and STABEX is Stabilization System for Export Earnings.

Table 39.

Burundi: Services and Transfers, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

						1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
Services (net)						-87.9	-93.6	-40.8	-40.4	-42.0
	Nonfactor services (net)					-76.4	-81.0	-26.8	-29.7	-32.2
		Credit				14.5	16.4	10.1	8.3	7.6
			Freight			1.8	1.0	0.5	0.8	0.5
			Passenger services			1.3	1.0	0.9	0.8	0.5
			Revenue from government services			1.3	3.6	1.6	2.7	2.8
			Travel			1.9	1.4	1.2	0.6	0.3
			Foreign governments			7.2	8.4	4.4	2.6	2.7
			Other			0.9	0.9	1.5	0.8	0.8
		Debit				-90.9	-97.4	-36.9	-38.0	-39.8
			Freight (including insurance)			-35.8	-30.6	-13.8	-19.8	-20.7
			Other freight			0.0	0.0	0.0	…	…
			Travel			-18.0	-25.4	-12.1	-10.1	-10.5
			Government of Burundi (net)			-18.9	-21.1	-9.1	-8.1	-8.5
			Studies			…	…	…	…	…
			Scholarships			…	…	…	…	…
			Technical assistance			-15.9	-17.8	…	…	…
			Other			-2.4	-2.5	-1.9	…	…
	Factor services (net)					-11.5	-12.6	-14.0	-10.7	-9.8
		Credit (investment income)				12.5	10.4	6.4	4.3	4.3
		Debit				-24.0	-23.0	-20.4	-15.0	-14.1
			Dividends			-3.4	-3.1	-1.5	-0.6	-0.6
			Interest payments			-13.6	-15.3	-14.4	-12.1	-11.0
				Of which
					Interest on public debt	-12.6	-14.1	-13.3	-11.0	-10.0
		Labor income				-6.0	-4.5	-4.5	-2.3	-2.3
		Property income				-1.0	-0.1	0.0	0.0	-0.2
Transfers (net)						161.2	151.7	61.0	59.6	59.8
	Private (net)					17.4	15.6	11.2	8.7	11.0
		Receipts				18.3	17.5	12.1	9.8	12.1
		Payments				-0.9	-1.9	-0.9	-1.1	-1.1
	Official receipts (net)					143.8	136.1	49.8	50.9	50.9
		Credit				144.7	137.1	50.4	51.4	51.4
			SAC cofinancing ^1/			…	…	…	…	…
			Other current grants			…	…	…	…	…
				STABEX ^1/		…	…	…	…	…
				Technical assistance		…	…	…	…	…
				Other current		…	…	…	…	…
			Capital grants			…	…	…	…	…
		Debit (contribution to international organizations)				-0.9	-1.0	-0.6	-0.5	-0.5

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}SAC is Structural Adjustment Credit, and STABEX is Stabilization System for Export Earnings.

Table 40.

Burundi: Structure, Volume, and Prices of International Trade, 1994–98

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 40.

Burundi: Structure, Volume, and Prices of International Trade, 1994–98

			1994	1995	1996	1997 Est	1998 Proj.
			(In percent of total)
Exports, f.o.b.			100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
	Coffee		70.9	79.2	71.8	87.7	78.3
	Tea		11.5	8.6	11.5	10.3	18.3
	Cotton		4.3	1.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Hides and skins		3.0	1.9	2.2	0.1	0.2
	Other primary products		3.6	2.6	4.0	1.3	2.4
	Manufactured products		6.8	6.2	10.7	0.6	1.0
	Reexports		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Imports, c.i.f			100.0	100.0	99.9	100.0	100.0
	Intermediate goods		24.7	26.8	30.8	27.1	27.1
		Petroleum products	13.0	11.4	14.8	11.3	11.1
		Other	11.8	15.4	16.0	15.8	16.0
	Capital goods		36.2	37.6	39.3	36.9	38.0
	Consumer goods		39.1	35.6	29.8	35.9	34.9
		Foodstuffs	13.4	12.4	8.8	9.1	7.9
		NonFoodstuffs	25.7	23.2	21.0	26.8	27.0
			(Index, 1985=100, unless otherwise indicated)
Export volume			70.3	93.2	44.8	85.5	63.7
Export unit value (U.S. dollars)			101.0	106.2	78.8	89.9	68.1
Import volume			83.2	77.0	43.0	45.2	51.3
Import unit value (U.S. dollars)			140.2	154.0	157.1	146.4	135.1
Terms of trade			72.0	68.9	50.1	61.4	50.4
			(Annual percentage change)
Export volume			-24.9	32.7	-51.9	90.8	-25.5
Export unit value (U.S. dollars)			45.5	5.1	-25.8	14.0	-24.2
Import volume			-2.2	-7.4	-44.2	5.1	13.5
Import unit value (U.S. dollars)			2.2	9.9	2.0	-6.8	-7.7
Terms of trade			42.3	-4.3	-27.2	22.3	-17.9

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 40.

Burundi: Structure, Volume, and Prices of International Trade, 1994–98

			1994	1995	1996	1997 Est	1998 Proj.
			(In percent of total)
Exports, f.o.b.			100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
	Coffee		70.9	79.2	71.8	87.7	78.3
	Tea		11.5	8.6	11.5	10.3	18.3
	Cotton		4.3	1.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Hides and skins		3.0	1.9	2.2	0.1	0.2
	Other primary products		3.6	2.6	4.0	1.3	2.4
	Manufactured products		6.8	6.2	10.7	0.6	1.0
	Reexports		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Imports, c.i.f			100.0	100.0	99.9	100.0	100.0
	Intermediate goods		24.7	26.8	30.8	27.1	27.1
		Petroleum products	13.0	11.4	14.8	11.3	11.1
		Other	11.8	15.4	16.0	15.8	16.0
	Capital goods		36.2	37.6	39.3	36.9	38.0
	Consumer goods		39.1	35.6	29.8	35.9	34.9
		Foodstuffs	13.4	12.4	8.8	9.1	7.9
		NonFoodstuffs	25.7	23.2	21.0	26.8	27.0
			(Index, 1985=100, unless otherwise indicated)
Export volume			70.3	93.2	44.8	85.5	63.7
Export unit value (U.S. dollars)			101.0	106.2	78.8	89.9	68.1
Import volume			83.2	77.0	43.0	45.2	51.3
Import unit value (U.S. dollars)			140.2	154.0	157.1	146.4	135.1
Terms of trade			72.0	68.9	50.1	61.4	50.4
			(Annual percentage change)
Export volume			-24.9	32.7	-51.9	90.8	-25.5
Export unit value (U.S. dollars)			45.5	5.1	-25.8	14.0	-24.2
Import volume			-2.2	-7.4	-44.2	5.1	13.5
Import unit value (U.S. dollars)			2.2	9.9	2.0	-6.8	-7.7
Terms of trade			42.3	-4.3	-27.2	22.3	-17.9

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 41.

Burundi: Direction of Trade, 1994–97

(In percent of total)

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

Table 41.

Burundi: Direction of Trade, 1994–97

(In percent of total)

			1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.
Exports, f.o.b.			100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
	European Union countries		39.0	38.4	20.0	64.8
		Belgium	1.4	2.1	2.6	16.0
		France	3.5	1.8	0.0	0.1
		Germany	7.8	3.9	2.2	21.4
		Italy	1.2	1.2	0.8	0.2
		United Kingdom	24.1	28.4	13.4	27.0
		Netherlands	0.7	1.0	0.7	0.0
		Spain, Portugal, and Denmark	0.3	0.0	0.3	0.0
		Others	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
	African countries		10.1	12.6	24.5	2.7
		Kenya	4.7	5.2	3.8	0.0
		Rwanda	1.3	1.9	9.3	0.4
		Uganda	0.6	1.0	0.2	0.0
		Zaire	2.0	0.5	0.3	0.0
		Others	1.5	4.0	10.9	2.3
	Finland		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Japan		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	United States		0.1	0.2	0.0	0.9
	Others		50.8	48.8	55.5	31.6
Imports, c.i.f.			100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
	European Union countries		42.7	50.8	45.9	46.2
		Belgium	13.9	15.4	15.3	18.2
		France	11.4	10.1	8.6	9.2
		Germany	5.2	8.1	8.8	6.6
		Italy	3.0	3.9	3.9	3.4
		Netherlands	4.8	5.3	4.8	4.3
		United Kingdom, and Ireland	2.4	4.0	2.5	2.5
		Others	2.0	3.9	1.9	2.0
	African countries		18.7	16.4	17.3	22.1
		Kenya	4.4	4.1	3.7	4.3
		Malawi	0.3	0.5	…	0.6
		Tanzania	2.5	2.7	3.2	2.5
		Zaire	1.2	0.8	0.8	0.2
		Zambia	3.3	3.3	3.5	5.5
		Zimbabwe	2.2	1.8	1.3	2.3
		Others	4.8	3.2	4.8	6.7
	Iran, Islamic Republic of		7.2	1.3	…	0.7
	Japan		7.9	5.7	6.7	6.3
	Other Asian countries		15.3	19.0	22.6	20.6
	United States		3.7	4.9	4.6	1.9
	Others		4.5	1.9	2.9	2.2

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

Table 41.

Burundi: Direction of Trade, 1994–97

(In percent of total)

			1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.
Exports, f.o.b.			100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
	European Union countries		39.0	38.4	20.0	64.8
		Belgium	1.4	2.1	2.6	16.0
		France	3.5	1.8	0.0	0.1
		Germany	7.8	3.9	2.2	21.4
		Italy	1.2	1.2	0.8	0.2
		United Kingdom	24.1	28.4	13.4	27.0
		Netherlands	0.7	1.0	0.7	0.0
		Spain, Portugal, and Denmark	0.3	0.0	0.3	0.0
		Others	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
	African countries		10.1	12.6	24.5	2.7
		Kenya	4.7	5.2	3.8	0.0
		Rwanda	1.3	1.9	9.3	0.4
		Uganda	0.6	1.0	0.2	0.0
		Zaire	2.0	0.5	0.3	0.0
		Others	1.5	4.0	10.9	2.3
	Finland		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	Japan		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
	United States		0.1	0.2	0.0	0.9
	Others		50.8	48.8	55.5	31.6
Imports, c.i.f.			100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
	European Union countries		42.7	50.8	45.9	46.2
		Belgium	13.9	15.4	15.3	18.2
		France	11.4	10.1	8.6	9.2
		Germany	5.2	8.1	8.8	6.6
		Italy	3.0	3.9	3.9	3.4
		Netherlands	4.8	5.3	4.8	4.3
		United Kingdom, and Ireland	2.4	4.0	2.5	2.5
		Others	2.0	3.9	1.9	2.0
	African countries		18.7	16.4	17.3	22.1
		Kenya	4.4	4.1	3.7	4.3
		Malawi	0.3	0.5	…	0.6
		Tanzania	2.5	2.7	3.2	2.5
		Zaire	1.2	0.8	0.8	0.2
		Zambia	3.3	3.3	3.5	5.5
		Zimbabwe	2.2	1.8	1.3	2.3
		Others	4.8	3.2	4.8	6.7
	Iran, Islamic Republic of		7.2	1.3	…	0.7
	Japan		7.9	5.7	6.7	6.3
	Other Asian countries		15.3	19.0	22.6	20.6
	United States		3.7	4.9	4.6	1.9
	Others		4.5	1.9	2.9	2.2

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates.

Table 42.

Burundi: Trade Flows with the Preferential Trade Area Countries, 1994–97 ^1/

(In millions of Burundi francs)

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}Preferential Trade Area for Eastern and Southern Africa.

Table 42.

Burundi: Trade Flows with the Preferential Trade Area Countries, 1994–97 ^1/

(In millions of Burundi francs)

		1994		1995		1996		1997
		Exports	Imports	Exports	Imports	Exports	Imports	Exports	Imports
Tanzania		346.5	1,404.5	1,126.7	1,562.0	1,182.3	1,179.2	0.5	1,077.1
Kenya		1,412.5	2,481.1	1,362.5	2,388.3	425.1	1,391.6	13.0	1,869.2
Kenya		406.0	96.7	487.2	129.1	1,045.0	73.2	133.4	321.0
Zambia		15.9	1,835.5	42.0	1,931.7	4.2	1,297.6	0.0	2,382.3
Djibouti		0.0	0.0	0.0	2.9	0.0	31.1	0.0	18.4
Zimbabwe		59.3	1,256.3	0.0	1,064.5	56.4	491.9	0.0	988.8
Uganda		192.4	0.0	235.7	161.8	23.6	33.1	0.0	0.0
Malawi		0.0	170.3	0.0	317.4	0.0	12.7	0.0	244.5
Ethiopia		0.0	0.0	0.0	2.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	52.6
Mauritius		0.0	0.0	0.0	154.3	0.0	214.3	0.0	180.7
Lesotho		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swaziland		0.0	0.0	0.0	428.6	0.0	34.6	0.0	109.9
Sudan		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215.8	0.0
Mozambique		0.0	0.0	0.0	2.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Angola		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	107.9	32.4
Comoros		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	107.9	0.0
	Total	2,432.6	7,244.4	3,254.1	8,144.8	2,736.6	4,759.3	578.5	7,276.9

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}Preferential Trade Area for Eastern and Southern Africa.

Table 42.

Burundi: Trade Flows with the Preferential Trade Area Countries, 1994–97 ^1/

(In millions of Burundi francs)

		1994		1995		1996		1997
		Exports	Imports	Exports	Imports	Exports	Imports	Exports	Imports
Tanzania		346.5	1,404.5	1,126.7	1,562.0	1,182.3	1,179.2	0.5	1,077.1
Kenya		1,412.5	2,481.1	1,362.5	2,388.3	425.1	1,391.6	13.0	1,869.2
Kenya		406.0	96.7	487.2	129.1	1,045.0	73.2	133.4	321.0
Zambia		15.9	1,835.5	42.0	1,931.7	4.2	1,297.6	0.0	2,382.3
Djibouti		0.0	0.0	0.0	2.9	0.0	31.1	0.0	18.4
Zimbabwe		59.3	1,256.3	0.0	1,064.5	56.4	491.9	0.0	988.8
Uganda		192.4	0.0	235.7	161.8	23.6	33.1	0.0	0.0
Malawi		0.0	170.3	0.0	317.4	0.0	12.7	0.0	244.5
Ethiopia		0.0	0.0	0.0	2.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	52.6
Mauritius		0.0	0.0	0.0	154.3	0.0	214.3	0.0	180.7
Lesotho		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swaziland		0.0	0.0	0.0	428.6	0.0	34.6	0.0	109.9
Sudan		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	215.8	0.0
Mozambique		0.0	0.0	0.0	2.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Angola		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	107.9	32.4
Comoros		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia		0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	107.9	0.0
	Total	2,432.6	7,244.4	3,254.1	8,144.8	2,736.6	4,759.3	578.5	7,276.9

Source: Bank of the Republic of Burundi.

^{^1/}Preferential Trade Area for Eastern and Southern Africa.

Table 43.

Outstanding Medium-and Long-Term Official External Debt, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars; end of year, unless otherwise specified)

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}Excluding stock of arrears.

Table 43.

Outstanding Medium-and Long-Term Official External Debt, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars; end of year, unless otherwise specified)

		1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
Multilateral debt ^1/		886.1	949.5	936.4	946.0	960.1
	IDA	553.6	593.5	595.4	606.0	610.9
	African Development Bank	28.0	26.7	22.7	20.4	16.7
	African Development Fund	191.9	202.3	207.4	212.3	220.2
	Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa	12.9	13.1	11.8	9.2	7.1
	Arab League	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.4	0.3
	European Investment Bank	16.4	18.5	15.3	14.8	14.6
	European Union	49.1	57.5	50.8	50.0	49.4
	International Fund for Agricultural Development	18.3	20.9	17.8	19.7	29.3
	Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries	13.8	14.8	13.3	11.9	10.2
	IFC	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.4
	United Nations Development Program	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.0
Bilateral Debt ^1/		158.9	167.9	157.3	152.4	147.5
	Abu Dhabi Fund for Arab Economic Development	2.4	2.1	1.4	1.4	0.9
	Austria	8.5	13.7	11.9	15.5	15.5
	China, People’s Republic of	18.7	21.4	19.4	15.5	15.1
	France	59.3	64.4	61.0	59.3	58.5
	Italy (Mediocredito)	1.7	1.6	1.3	1.3	1.3
	Japan	32.6	32.1	28.8	28.5	28.5
	Kuwait	17.5	15.6	15.9	14.3	12.7
	Saudi Arabia	18.2	17.0	17.6	16.6	15.1
Suppliers’credit ^1/		2.2	1.8	0.8	0.8	0.8
Total outstanding debt (excluding arrears)		1,047.2	1,119.1	1,094.5	1,099.2	1,108.3
Arrears		4.1	13.5	38.2	53.9	70.0
Use of Fund resources		57.5	50.8	42.5	29.9	21.9
Total debt		1,108.8	1,183.4	1,175.2	1,183.0	1,200.3
Memorandum item:
	Debt/GDP ratio (in percent)	120.1	118.3	130.5	123.6	122.9

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}Excluding stock of arrears.

Table 43.

Outstanding Medium-and Long-Term Official External Debt, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars; end of year, unless otherwise specified)

		1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
Multilateral debt ^1/		886.1	949.5	936.4	946.0	960.1
	IDA	553.6	593.5	595.4	606.0	610.9
	African Development Bank	28.0	26.7	22.7	20.4	16.7
	African Development Fund	191.9	202.3	207.4	212.3	220.2
	Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa	12.9	13.1	11.8	9.2	7.1
	Arab League	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.4	0.3
	European Investment Bank	16.4	18.5	15.3	14.8	14.6
	European Union	49.1	57.5	50.8	50.0	49.4
	International Fund for Agricultural Development	18.3	20.9	17.8	19.7	29.3
	Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries	13.8	14.8	13.3	11.9	10.2
	IFC	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.4
	United Nations Development Program	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.0
Bilateral Debt ^1/		158.9	167.9	157.3	152.4	147.5
	Abu Dhabi Fund for Arab Economic Development	2.4	2.1	1.4	1.4	0.9
	Austria	8.5	13.7	11.9	15.5	15.5
	China, People’s Republic of	18.7	21.4	19.4	15.5	15.1
	France	59.3	64.4	61.0	59.3	58.5
	Italy (Mediocredito)	1.7	1.6	1.3	1.3	1.3
	Japan	32.6	32.1	28.8	28.5	28.5
	Kuwait	17.5	15.6	15.9	14.3	12.7
	Saudi Arabia	18.2	17.0	17.6	16.6	15.1
Suppliers’credit ^1/		2.2	1.8	0.8	0.8	0.8
Total outstanding debt (excluding arrears)		1,047.2	1,119.1	1,094.5	1,099.2	1,108.3
Arrears		4.1	13.5	38.2	53.9	70.0
Use of Fund resources		57.5	50.8	42.5	29.9	21.9
Total debt		1,108.8	1,183.4	1,175.2	1,183.0	1,200.3
Memorandum item:
	Debt/GDP ratio (in percent)	120.1	118.3	130.5	123.6	122.9

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}Excluding stock of arrears.

Table 44.

Burundi: Scheduled Debt Service, Principal, on Medium- and Long-Term Official External Debt, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 44.

Burundi: Scheduled Debt Service, Principal, on Medium- and Long-Term Official External Debt, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

		1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
Multilateral debt		10.6	15.4	17.0	15.0	16.0
	IDA	2.1	3.2	3.4	3.6	5.1
	African Development Bank	2.9	4.0	5.2	4.3	3.7
	African Development Fund	0.9	1.9	1.9	1.7	2.1
	Arab League	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
	Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa	2.2	2.6	2.6	2.3	2.1
	European Investment Bank	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.2
	European Union	0.3	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.6
	International Fund for Agricultural Development	0.1	0.8	0.7	0.4	0.4
	Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries	2.1	1.9	2.1	1.7	1.7
	Other multilateral debt	0.0	0.0	0.1	…	…
Bilateral debt		6.0	8.1	10.9	7.7	6.0
	Abu Dhabi Fund for Arab Economic Development	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.4
	Austria	0.0	0.0	0.0	…	…
	Belgium	0.0	0.0	0.0	…	…
	China	1.4	2.3	4.0	2.4	1.8
	France	1.3	1.8	1.9	1.7	1.6
	Italy (Mediocredito)	0.0	0.0	0.0	…	…
	Japan	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3	…
	Kuwait	1.4	2.0	2.1	1.8	0.7
	Netherlands	0.0	0.0	0.0	…	…
	Saudi Arabia	1.3	1.4	2.3	1.1	1.5
	Russia	0.0	0.0	0.0
Financial institutions		0.0	0.0	0.0	…	…
Suppliers’ credits		0.1	0.0	0.0	…	…
Other (unallocated)		8.9	11.9	10.8	…	…
Total disbursed debt		25.6	35.4	38.7	22.7	22.0
Use of Fund credit		6.2	9.1	8.7	8.1	8.0
Total, including Fund credit		31.8	44.5	47.4	30.8	30.0
Memorandum item:
	Exchange rate (FBu/US$; period average)	252.7	249.8	302.8	352.4	435.2

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 44.

Burundi: Scheduled Debt Service, Principal, on Medium- and Long-Term Official External Debt, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

		1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
Multilateral debt		10.6	15.4	17.0	15.0	16.0
	IDA	2.1	3.2	3.4	3.6	5.1
	African Development Bank	2.9	4.0	5.2	4.3	3.7
	African Development Fund	0.9	1.9	1.9	1.7	2.1
	Arab League	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
	Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa	2.2	2.6	2.6	2.3	2.1
	European Investment Bank	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.2
	European Union	0.3	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.6
	International Fund for Agricultural Development	0.1	0.8	0.7	0.4	0.4
	Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries	2.1	1.9	2.1	1.7	1.7
	Other multilateral debt	0.0	0.0	0.1	…	…
Bilateral debt		6.0	8.1	10.9	7.7	6.0
	Abu Dhabi Fund for Arab Economic Development	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.4
	Austria	0.0	0.0	0.0	…	…
	Belgium	0.0	0.0	0.0	…	…
	China	1.4	2.3	4.0	2.4	1.8
	France	1.3	1.8	1.9	1.7	1.6
	Italy (Mediocredito)	0.0	0.0	0.0	…	…
	Japan	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3	…
	Kuwait	1.4	2.0	2.1	1.8	0.7
	Netherlands	0.0	0.0	0.0	…	…
	Saudi Arabia	1.3	1.4	2.3	1.1	1.5
	Russia	0.0	0.0	0.0
Financial institutions		0.0	0.0	0.0	…	…
Suppliers’ credits		0.1	0.0	0.0	…	…
Other (unallocated)		8.9	11.9	10.8	…	…
Total disbursed debt		25.6	35.4	38.7	22.7	22.0
Use of Fund credit		6.2	9.1	8.7	8.1	8.0
Total, including Fund credit		31.8	44.5	47.4	30.8	30.0
Memorandum item:
	Exchange rate (FBu/US$; period average)	252.7	249.8	302.8	352.4	435.2

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 45.

Burundi: Scheduled Debt Service, Interest, on Medium- and Long-Term Official External Debt, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars, unless otherwise specified)

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 45.

Burundi: Scheduled Debt Service, Interest, on Medium- and Long-Term Official External Debt, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars, unless otherwise specified)

		1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
Multilateral debt		8.9	11.5	10.7	8.4	7.7
	IDA	3.9	4.1	4.2	3.9	3.9
	African Development Bank	2.0	3.3	2.8	1.8	1.2
	African Development Fund	1.3	2.2	2.0	1.5	1.7
	Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa	0.7	0.7	0.5	0.4	0.2
	European Investment Bank	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.1
	European Union	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.2	0.3
	International Fund for Agricultural Development	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2
	Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.1
	Other multilateral debt	0.0	0.0	0.1	…	…
Bilateral debt		2.2	2.5	2.7	2.6	2.1
	Abu Dhabi Fund for Arab Economic Development	0.1	0.1	0.1	…	0.0
	France	1.0	1.2	1.6	1.5	1.1
	Italy (Mediocredito)	0.0	0.0	0.0	…	…
	Japan	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
	Kuwait	0.4	0.6	0.5	0.4	0.3
	Saudi Arabia	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3
Financial institutions		0.1	0.1	0.0	…	…
Suppliers’ credits		0.0	0.0	0.0	…	…
Total disbursed debt		11.2	14.1	13.4	11.0	10.0
Use of Fund credit		1.0	1.2	1.0	1.1	0.9
Total, including Fund credit		12.2	15.3	14.4	12.1	10.9
Memorandum item:
	Exchange rate (FBu/US$; period average)	252.7	249.8	302.8	352.4	435.2

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 45.

Burundi: Scheduled Debt Service, Interest, on Medium- and Long-Term Official External Debt, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars, unless otherwise specified)

		1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
Multilateral debt		8.9	11.5	10.7	8.4	7.7
	IDA	3.9	4.1	4.2	3.9	3.9
	African Development Bank	2.0	3.3	2.8	1.8	1.2
	African Development Fund	1.3	2.2	2.0	1.5	1.7
	Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa	0.7	0.7	0.5	0.4	0.2
	European Investment Bank	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.1
	European Union	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.2	0.3
	International Fund for Agricultural Development	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2
	Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.1
	Other multilateral debt	0.0	0.0	0.1	…	…
Bilateral debt		2.2	2.5	2.7	2.6	2.1
	Abu Dhabi Fund for Arab Economic Development	0.1	0.1	0.1	…	0.0
	France	1.0	1.2	1.6	1.5	1.1
	Italy (Mediocredito)	0.0	0.0	0.0	…	…
	Japan	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
	Kuwait	0.4	0.6	0.5	0.4	0.3
	Saudi Arabia	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3
Financial institutions		0.1	0.1	0.0	…	…
Suppliers’ credits		0.0	0.0	0.0	…	…
Total disbursed debt		11.2	14.1	13.4	11.0	10.0
Use of Fund credit		1.0	1.2	1.0	1.1	0.9
Total, including Fund credit		12.2	15.3	14.4	12.1	10.9
Memorandum item:
	Exchange rate (FBu/US$; period average)	252.7	249.8	302.8	352.4	435.2

Sources: Burundi authorities; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 46.

Burundi: Outstanding Stock of External Debt and Average Terms on Existing Loans, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars, unless otherwise specified)

Sources: Burundi authorities; IBRD, Debt Reporting System; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 46.

Burundi: Outstanding Stock of External Debt and Average Terms on Existing Loans, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars, unless otherwise specified)

			1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
Total debt (including IMF; excluding arrears)			1,104.7	1,169.9	1,137.0	1,129.1	1,130.2
Total debt (excluding IMF and arrears)			1,047.2	1,119.1	1,094.5	1,099.2	1,108.3
	Of which
		Multilateral loans	886.1	949.5	936.4	946.0	960.0
		Bilateral loans	161.1	169.7	158.1	153.2	148.3
Average interest rate
	(in percent)		1.2	1.5	1.3	1.1	1.0
Average maturity (in years)			37.0	37.0	37.0	37.0	37.0
Average grace period (in years)			8.5	8.5	8.5	8.5	8.5
Grant element (in percent)			70.1	70.1	70.1	70.1	70.1

Sources: Burundi authorities; IBRD, Debt Reporting System; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

Table 46.

Burundi: Outstanding Stock of External Debt and Average Terms on Existing Loans, 1994–98

(In millions of U.S. dollars, unless otherwise specified)

			1994	1995	1996	1997 Est.	1998 Proj.
Total debt (including IMF; excluding arrears)			1,104.7	1,169.9	1,137.0	1,129.1	1,130.2
Total debt (excluding IMF and arrears)			1,047.2	1,119.1	1,094.5	1,099.2	1,108.3
	Of which
		Multilateral loans	886.1	949.5	936.4	946.0	960.0
		Bilateral loans	161.1	169.7	158.1	153.2	148.3
Average interest rate
	(in percent)		1.2	1.5	1.3	1.1	1.0
Average maturity (in years)			37.0	37.0	37.0	37.0	37.0
Average grace period (in years)			8.5	8.5	8.5	8.5	8.5
Grant element (in percent)			70.1	70.1	70.1	70.1	70.1

Sources: Burundi authorities; IBRD, Debt Reporting System; and Fund staff estimates and projections.

APPENDIX I Burundi: Summary of Exchange and Trade System

(At end-October 1998)

Exchange rate system

1. The Burundi franc was pegged to the SDR until April 1, 1992, when a new foreign exchange system was introduced. Since then, the Burundi franc has been pegged to a basket of currencies that reflects the pattern of Burundi’s international trade. On October 31, 1998, the official exchange rate for the Burundi franc was FBu 499 per US$1.

Trade and payment system

2. During the 1992–93 period, Burundi made progress in liberalizing its exchange and trade system. The authority for implementing foreign exchange regulations was delegated to commercial banks, allowing them to hold foreign exchange equivalent to up to 10 percent of their capital, and to manage freely their foreign assets. Holdings above the ceiling have to be approved by the Bank of the Republic of Burundi (BRB). Commercial banks are authorized to buy and sell foreign exchange at rates that they set freely within a spread of 1 percent below and above the central rate quoted by the BRB.

3. An open general licensing system was established in May 1992. In parallel, import licenses were replaced by an import declaration for statistical purposes.

4. Export licenses were replaced in May 1992 by an export declaration for statistical purposes, and exporters of nontraditional products were allowed to retain up to 30 percent of their export proceeds.¹ In August 1992, a free trade zone was established, granting tax and customs duty exemptions for enterprises that elect to operate under this regime. In addition, at the start of the 1992/93 coffee crop year, coffee exporters were authorized to borrow in foreign exchange.

5. In July 1992, the limits on transfers of foreign nationals’ incomes earned in Burundi were raised from 60 percent to 70 percent. A higher limit of 80 percent was introduced for expatriates working for firms that have at least 50 percent of their turnover accounted for by exports.

6. In November 1992, banks were authorized to open foreign accounts for enterprises established under the free trade zone regime, to be funded by the surrender of foreign exchange earnings. At the same time, Burundi nationals residing abroad were authorized to hold foreign exchange accounts at Burundi banks, to be funded from transfers from their incomes.

7. In December 1995, the two remaining exchange restrictions (namely, limits on the transfer of rental income and on the granting of travel allowances) were removed.

8. In 1997, the authorities introduced restrictions on current payments and transfers in the face of dwindling foreign exchange reserves. In November 1997, the following restrictions were introduced: (i) importers were required to provide unremunerated advance deposits equivalent to 25 percent of the value of imports; (ii) the imports of luxury goods were negative listed; (iii) the provision of foreign exchange for transfers of income from rents, the sale of real estate, travel and study allowances, and outward direct investment, was suspended; and (iv) all foreign exchange operations were centralized at the BRB. These restrictions were further reinforced in July 1998 with the following measures: (i) the required advance import deposit was raised to 50 percent, and the deposits were shifted from commercial banks to the BRB; (ii) the negative list on imports was expanded; and (iii) the task of verifying import declarations and payments was shifted from commercial banks to the BRB.

9. The Burundi franc depreciated against the U.S. dollar by about 37 percent between December 1996 and June 1998 because of weak exports and a sharp decline in external aid. Despite this strong depreciation of the bilateral nominal exchange rate, the real effective exchange rate appreciated by 8 percent during the same period, reflecting mainly Burundi’s inflation differential with its trading partners. The authorities, however, have recently adopted more active exchange rate policy to avoid further erosion of external competitiveness. Subsequently, the real effective exchange rate depreciated by 13 percent between June and September 1998.

APPENDIX II Burundi: Summary of the Tax System, End-June 1998

(All amounts in Burundi francs)

Source: Ministry of Finance

(All amounts in Burundi francs)

An overall ceiling of 50 percent of taxable income applies.

A rate of 1 percent is applied if the individual establishment has realized earnings that are less than the turnover multiplied by a coefficient equal to 0.0222.

Tax				Nature of Tax	Exemptions and Deductions	Rates
1. Tax on income and profits
	1.1	Tax on companies (Tax Code II, Impôt sur les revenus professionnels, Arts. 27–94).		Annual tax on all net profits received by Burundi and foreign companies from Burundi sources. Realized capital gains are included in the profits. The purchase price of the assets may be adjusted so as to exclude gains that result from increases in the general price level. However, gains resulting from revaluation are subject to taxes if these gains are simply stated. Appreciation gains that have materialized are also subject to taxes.	Companies benefiting from the Investment Code are taxed accordingly. Exemptions: Incomes covered by an international convention ratified by Burundi are exempt. Cooperative companies are exempt. Temporary exemptions for a period of ten years are given to enterprises operating in the free trade zone. Leasing and hire-purchase companies are exempt during a period spanning up to eight years.	A 40 percent tax rate is applied on profits. A minimum payment of 1 percent of turnover is levied on enterprises whose earnings are less than the turnover multiplied by a coefficient equal to 0.02222. After the expiration of the ten-year exemption period, a 15 percent rate is applied.
					Deductions: Export companies can deduct 50 percent of their export profits.
	1.2	Tax on rental income (Tax Code II, Impôt sur les revenus locatifs, Arts. 4–12).		Annual schedular tax on rental income obtained from property located in Burundi. It applies also to housing allowances paid to employees occupying their own house. The tax on rental income from property has been transferred to the municipality of Bujumbura (Law No. 1/001 of 2/2/84), and to the Communes (Law No. 1/003 of 1/8/87).	Exemptions: Central government, local governments, and decentralized central government units are exempt. Rental income are exempted under international agreement ratified by Burundi. New buildings are exempt up to four years maximum as follows (Decree Law No. 1/19 of 7/10/78): (i) for a period of three years on new residential buildings; (ii) for a period of four years on new commercial, industrial, and craft buildings; and (iii) for a period of two years on new buildings, other than those mentioned above.	Marginal Tax Rates Income (FBu)		Rate (percent)
	1.2
0 - 200,000 200,001 - 400,000 400,001 - 600,000 600,001 - 800,000 800,001 - 1,000,000 1,000,001 - 1,500,000 1,500,001 and over	20 25 30 40 45 50 60
					Deductions: A standard deduction of 20 percent of gross rent. Mortgage interest paid to banks.
	1.3	Tax on capital income (Tax Code II, Impôt mobilier, Arts. 13–26).		Annual schedular tax on dividends, interest, and other revenue derived from equity ownership in companies. Distributed income of foreign companies is set on an inclusive basis at 48 percent of all net profits. The tax is withheld at source by the companies.	Exemptions: Those granted under the Investment Code. Enterprises operating under the free zone regime.	20 percent.
	1.4	Tax on other income (Tax Code II, Impôt sur les revenus professionnels, Arts. 27–94).		Annual schedular tax on all profits, wage income, income from liberal professions, or any other income, the source of which is an activity on Burundi territory and which is not yet taxed under another schedular tax. Income in kind is included in the tax base. Free housing is valued at 10 percent of the revenues obtained in connection with the activity for which these housing facilities are granted. The tax is withheld at source on salaries above FBu 100,500 per annum.	Exemptions: Income covered under international conventions ratified by Burundi is exempt. Exemptions under the Investment Code apply. Pensions, royalties, and the allowances that were paid in accordance with the legislation regulating the payment of these funds are exempt. Individual enterprises under the free zone regime are exempt for ten years.	Marginal Tax Rates Turnover (FBu)		Rate (percent)
	1.4
0 - 100,000 100,001 - 200,000 200,001 - 300,000 300,001 - 400,000 400,001 - 500,000 500,001 - 600,000 600,001 - 700,000 700,001 - 800,000 800,001 - 900,000 900,001 - 1,000,000 1,000,001 - 2,000,000 2,000,001 - 3,000,000 3,000,001 - 4,000,000 4,000,001 and over	0 12 15 19 23 27 31 35 40 41 43 47 55 60
					Deductions: Expenses necessary to obtain the taxable incomes and to maintain their regularity are deductible. Expenses unrelated to the exercise of the profession, such as travel, medical, and canteen expenses, and contributions to social security are deductible; for liberal professions, these expenses are limited to a maximum of 25 percent or FBu 300,000, whichever is higher.	For coffee exports, the minimum tax is equal to the turnover figure multiplied by 0.25 percent, instead of 1 percent. A tax of 0.55 percent of the factory price is levied on the earnings of wholesalers of beer and soft drinks. For individual enterprises under the free zone regime, after the expiration of the ten-year exemption period, a 15 percent rate is applied.
					Contractual withholdings for pension, life insurance, social security, or profit funds are considered as professional expenses and are deductible. Losses incurred by liberal professions during the past four years are deductible. Dependents’ deduction is FBu 1,350 per person, up to a maximum of four persons. Individual export enterprises can deduct 50 percent of their export profits.
						Other Income (FBu) Occasional incomes End-career allowances		Rate (percent) 40

	0 – 500,000 500,000+	15 30
Income collected after end of professional activity		20
2. Taxes on property
	2.1	Real estate (Tax Code I, Impôt fancier, Arts. 2–38).		A specific tax payable by the owner or the person having the use of a property. In November 1983, it was decided to transfer this tax to the local authorities. The tax has been transferred to the Municipality of Bujumbura (Law No. 1/002 of 2/4/84), and to all communes (Law No. 1/003 of 1/8/87).	Exemptions: Those provided by the Investment Code. Agricultural land under cultivation or used as pasture for cattle. Buildings used by the government or by nonprofit organizations, whether owned by them or rented to them; sports fields; buildings used for religious purposes. Properties belonging to individuals with less than FBu 36,000 annual income. In addition, buildings for four years after their construction is finished.	For built-on property, the following rates apply in Bujumbura and elsewhere: FBu 36/m² for solid-construction buildings. FBu 24/m² for semisolid buildings. FBu 15/m² for provisional buildings. For other properties, the following rates apply in Bujumbura and elsewhere: For areas with mininum equipment, FBu 2/m². For areas with medium equipment, FBu 3/m². For highly equipped areas, FBu 4/m².
	2.2	Cattle tax (Tax Code IV, Impôt sur le gros bétail, Arts. 1–22).		A tax owed by the cattle owners. At the beginning of 1979, both the collection and revenue of this tax were handed over to local authorities.	None.	FBu 200 per head.
3. Taxes on domestic goods and services
	3.1	Transactions tax (Decree Law No. 1/04 of 1/31/89 and Law No. 1/005 of 4/31/94).		Tax applicable only once on imports, manufacturing services, sales of buildings, and business premises. The tax paid earlier is deductible in the case of manufacturing, imports, restaurants, and construction work. However, taxes paid on fixed capital and business expenses are not deductible. Tax credit can be reimbursed.	Exemptions and deductions: Vehicles for commercial transportation. Inputs and equipment for agriculture and livestock; receipts of stadiums, transports, and international tariffs. Medical care, laboratory expenses, and medical biology. Inputs and equipments of enterprises operating under the free zone regime for exports.	7 percent on bank operations, sales of assets, sales of agricultural products, fishing, and livestock; 15 percent on other goods and services. The transaction tax on beer, soft beverages, and tobacco is included in the ad valorem excise taxes specified below.
	3.2	Excise taxes on beer and soft drinks (OM 540/152 of March 6, 1992 in execution of Decree Law No. 1/02 dated February 8, 1992).		An ad valorem tax on the consumption of local industrially made beverages. Duties on the consumption of imported alcoholic beverages are incorporated in the fiscal import duty.	Exemption: Products intended for export.	Primus Beer: 100 percent ad valorem tax on an ex factory price basis. Amstel Beer: 30 percent ad valorem tax on an ex factory price basis. Fanta, Coca Cola, Tonic, and other soft drinks: 30 percent ad valorem tax for a 24-bottle case on an ex factory price basis.
	3.3	Excise tax on tobacco.		A tax on the consumption of locally produced tobacco.	None.	Ad valorem tax at 53 percent on a factory price basis.
	3.4	Vehicle tax (Tax Code I, Impôt sur les véhicules, Arts. 39–54).		An annual license on all vehicles.	Exemptions: Vehicles owned by the government, by embassies, international organizations, approved nonprofit organizations, hospitals, schools, and handicapped persons are exempt.	Vehicles		Levy
						Motorcycles with a cylindrical content of less than 50 cm³		FBu 150
						Motorcycles with a cylindrical content of more than 50 cm³		FBu 500
						Cars for recreational purposes (two or four wheels)		FBu 2,250
						Cars weighing less than 2500 kg:
							Less than 8 HP	FBu 900
							Between 8-10 HP	FBu 1200
							Over 10 HP	FBu 1500
						Vehicles of over		FBu 10.5/kg
						2,500 kg. and trailers
	3.5	Boat tax (Code des Impôts I, Taxe sur les bateaux et les embarcations, Art. 54 ter.)		An annual license on all boats.	Exemptions: Boats owned by the government or by embassies, international organizations, and approved nonprofit organizations.	Boats		Rate
						Industrial fishing boats		FBu 3,000/m³ of gross gauge.
						Pleasure boats		FBu 30,000 per boat
						Tugboats		FBu 900/m³ of empty gauge
						Motor-propelled boats		FBu 900/m³ of gross gauge
						Barges		FBu500/m³ of net gauge.
4. Taxes on international trade
	4.1	Taxes on imports
		4.1.1	Import duty.	A tax on only imports from Preferential Trade Area (PTA) countries.	Exemptions: Categories of goods exempted under Art. 89 of Decree Law 1/58 of 11/12/71 (including luggage of passengers; moving vehicles; inheritances; commercial samples; ritual objects; gifts to the people and to philanthropic work; educational, scientific or cultural objects; archives; and funeral articles).	PTA tariff.
					These exemptions also apply to customs duties (see section 4.1.2.).
					Goods imported under the Investment Code. Goods imported under international or bilateral agreements. Inputs and equipments for agricultural and livestock sectors.
		4.1.2	Customs duty	Duty levied on all imports other than those from PTA countries.	Exemptions: Goods exempted under Art. 80 of Decree Law No. 1/56 of 11/12/71.	Products		Rate (percent)
						Luxury products		100
						Manufactured goods		40
						Food products		15
						Intermediary		12
						Equipment goods		10
						Petroleum products		(Ad valorem rates below)
		4.1.3	Petroleum products (since November 1997).	Ad valorem tax on the Bujumbura c.i.f. price.	None.	Products		Rate (percent)
						Gasoline super		40
						Gas oil		20
						Kerosene		0
						Petrol		20
				Specific taxes levied on gasoline (super), gas oil, and petrol:
				Special gasoline fund		Gasoline super Gas oil		FBu 34.05/liter FBu 34.05/liter
				National road fund		Gasoline super Gas oil		FBu 20/liter FBu 20/liter
		4.1.4	Service tax.	This tax, the proceeds of which are assumed to compensate for the administrative expenditures of assessing and collecting the import duties, is levied on all imports. The tax was called statistical tax until December 1995 when its name was changed.	Exemptions: Imports under diplomatic franchise.	6 percent of the c.i.f. value.
	4.2	Taxes on exports
		4.2.1	Export duties.	Taxes levied on a range of exports (1,093 tariff positions against 2,333 for the import tariff). The export tariff has one column only.	Reimbursement of taxes paid on inputs: Decree Law No. 1/012 of 4/15/88 on export promotion. Simplified drawback of 10 percent on f.o.b. value of exported goods.	The generally applicable rate is 5 percent. Most export duties are ad valorem. For green coffee, the export tax is 31 percent.
5. Other taxes
5.1	Stamp duties (Droits d’enregistrement, Decree Law No. 1/43 of 6/11/70).			Fixed duties on certificates of registration and on related registrations. Proportional duties on the establishment and transfer of real property, as well as on mortgages.	Exemptions: Government and subordinate agencies are exempt. Donations to religious and scientific organizations and the like are exempted from proportional duties.	The following rates are applied: FBu 500 for the first page. FBu 125 for each following page. FBu 250 for the registration of a right. 100 percent for transfers with reduced rates for direct line relations or those of spouse. 2.5 percent for registration of a mortgage.

Source: Ministry of Finance

Tax				Nature of Tax	Exemptions and Deductions	Rates
1. Tax on income and profits
	1.1	Tax on companies (Tax Code II, Impôt sur les revenus professionnels, Arts. 27–94).		Annual tax on all net profits received by Burundi and foreign companies from Burundi sources. Realized capital gains are included in the profits. The purchase price of the assets may be adjusted so as to exclude gains that result from increases in the general price level. However, gains resulting from revaluation are subject to taxes if these gains are simply stated. Appreciation gains that have materialized are also subject to taxes.	Companies benefiting from the Investment Code are taxed accordingly. Exemptions: Incomes covered by an international convention ratified by Burundi are exempt. Cooperative companies are exempt. Temporary exemptions for a period of ten years are given to enterprises operating in the free trade zone. Leasing and hire-purchase companies are exempt during a period spanning up to eight years.	A 40 percent tax rate is applied on profits. A minimum payment of 1 percent of turnover is levied on enterprises whose earnings are less than the turnover multiplied by a coefficient equal to 0.02222. After the expiration of the ten-year exemption period, a 15 percent rate is applied.
					Deductions: Export companies can deduct 50 percent of their export profits.
	1.2	Tax on rental income (Tax Code II, Impôt sur les revenus locatifs, Arts. 4–12).		Annual schedular tax on rental income obtained from property located in Burundi. It applies also to housing allowances paid to employees occupying their own house. The tax on rental income from property has been transferred to the municipality of Bujumbura (Law No. 1/001 of 2/2/84), and to the Communes (Law No. 1/003 of 1/8/87).	Exemptions: Central government, local governments, and decentralized central government units are exempt. Rental income are exempted under international agreement ratified by Burundi. New buildings are exempt up to four years maximum as follows (Decree Law No. 1/19 of 7/10/78): (i) for a period of three years on new residential buildings; (ii) for a period of four years on new commercial, industrial, and craft buildings; and (iii) for a period of two years on new buildings, other than those mentioned above.	Marginal Tax Rates Income (FBu)		Rate (percent)
	1.2
0 - 200,000 200,001 - 400,000 400,001 - 600,000 600,001 - 800,000 800,001 - 1,000,000 1,000,001 - 1,500,000 1,500,001 and over	20 25 30 40 45 50 60
					Deductions: A standard deduction of 20 percent of gross rent. Mortgage interest paid to banks.
	1.3	Tax on capital income (Tax Code II, Impôt mobilier, Arts. 13–26).		Annual schedular tax on dividends, interest, and other revenue derived from equity ownership in companies. Distributed income of foreign companies is set on an inclusive basis at 48 percent of all net profits. The tax is withheld at source by the companies.	Exemptions: Those granted under the Investment Code. Enterprises operating under the free zone regime.	20 percent.
	1.4	Tax on other income (Tax Code II, Impôt sur les revenus professionnels, Arts. 27–94).		Annual schedular tax on all profits, wage income, income from liberal professions, or any other income, the source of which is an activity on Burundi territory and which is not yet taxed under another schedular tax. Income in kind is included in the tax base. Free housing is valued at 10 percent of the revenues obtained in connection with the activity for which these housing facilities are granted. The tax is withheld at source on salaries above FBu 100,500 per annum.	Exemptions: Income covered under international conventions ratified by Burundi is exempt. Exemptions under the Investment Code apply. Pensions, royalties, and the allowances that were paid in accordance with the legislation regulating the payment of these funds are exempt. Individual enterprises under the free zone regime are exempt for ten years.	Marginal Tax Rates Turnover (FBu)		Rate (percent)
	1.4
0 - 100,000 100,001 - 200,000 200,001 - 300,000 300,001 - 400,000 400,001 - 500,000 500,001 - 600,000 600,001 - 700,000 700,001 - 800,000 800,001 - 900,000 900,001 - 1,000,000 1,000,001 - 2,000,000 2,000,001 - 3,000,000 3,000,001 - 4,000,000 4,000,001 and over	0 12 15 19 23 27 31 35 40 41 43 47 55 60
					Deductions: Expenses necessary to obtain the taxable incomes and to maintain their regularity are deductible. Expenses unrelated to the exercise of the profession, such as travel, medical, and canteen expenses, and contributions to social security are deductible; for liberal professions, these expenses are limited to a maximum of 25 percent or FBu 300,000, whichever is higher.	For coffee exports, the minimum tax is equal to the turnover figure multiplied by 0.25 percent, instead of 1 percent. A tax of 0.55 percent of the factory price is levied on the earnings of wholesalers of beer and soft drinks. For individual enterprises under the free zone regime, after the expiration of the ten-year exemption period, a 15 percent rate is applied.
					Contractual withholdings for pension, life insurance, social security, or profit funds are considered as professional expenses and are deductible. Losses incurred by liberal professions during the past four years are deductible. Dependents’ deduction is FBu 1,350 per person, up to a maximum of four persons. Individual export enterprises can deduct 50 percent of their export profits.
						Other Income (FBu) Occasional incomes End-career allowances		Rate (percent) 40

	0 – 500,000 500,000+	15 30
Income collected after end of professional activity		20
2. Taxes on property
	2.1	Real estate (Tax Code I, Impôt fancier, Arts. 2–38).		A specific tax payable by the owner or the person having the use of a property. In November 1983, it was decided to transfer this tax to the local authorities. The tax has been transferred to the Municipality of Bujumbura (Law No. 1/002 of 2/4/84), and to all communes (Law No. 1/003 of 1/8/87).	Exemptions: Those provided by the Investment Code. Agricultural land under cultivation or used as pasture for cattle. Buildings used by the government or by nonprofit organizations, whether owned by them or rented to them; sports fields; buildings used for religious purposes. Properties belonging to individuals with less than FBu 36,000 annual income. In addition, buildings for four years after their construction is finished.	For built-on property, the following rates apply in Bujumbura and elsewhere: FBu 36/m² for solid-construction buildings. FBu 24/m² for semisolid buildings. FBu 15/m² for provisional buildings. For other properties, the following rates apply in Bujumbura and elsewhere: For areas with mininum equipment, FBu 2/m². For areas with medium equipment, FBu 3/m². For highly equipped areas, FBu 4/m².
	2.2	Cattle tax (Tax Code IV, Impôt sur le gros bétail, Arts. 1–22).		A tax owed by the cattle owners. At the beginning of 1979, both the collection and revenue of this tax were handed over to local authorities.	None.	FBu 200 per head.
3. Taxes on domestic goods and services
	3.1	Transactions tax (Decree Law No. 1/04 of 1/31/89 and Law No. 1/005 of 4/31/94).		Tax applicable only once on imports, manufacturing services, sales of buildings, and business premises. The tax paid earlier is deductible in the case of manufacturing, imports, restaurants, and construction work. However, taxes paid on fixed capital and business expenses are not deductible. Tax credit can be reimbursed.	Exemptions and deductions: Vehicles for commercial transportation. Inputs and equipment for agriculture and livestock; receipts of stadiums, transports, and international tariffs. Medical care, laboratory expenses, and medical biology. Inputs and equipments of enterprises operating under the free zone regime for exports.	7 percent on bank operations, sales of assets, sales of agricultural products, fishing, and livestock; 15 percent on other goods and services. The transaction tax on beer, soft beverages, and tobacco is included in the ad valorem excise taxes specified below.
	3.2	Excise taxes on beer and soft drinks (OM 540/152 of March 6, 1992 in execution of Decree Law No. 1/02 dated February 8, 1992).		An ad valorem tax on the consumption of local industrially made beverages. Duties on the consumption of imported alcoholic beverages are incorporated in the fiscal import duty.	Exemption: Products intended for export.	Primus Beer: 100 percent ad valorem tax on an ex factory price basis. Amstel Beer: 30 percent ad valorem tax on an ex factory price basis. Fanta, Coca Cola, Tonic, and other soft drinks: 30 percent ad valorem tax for a 24-bottle case on an ex factory price basis.
	3.3	Excise tax on tobacco.		A tax on the consumption of locally produced tobacco.	None.	Ad valorem tax at 53 percent on a factory price basis.
	3.4	Vehicle tax (Tax Code I, Impôt sur les véhicules, Arts. 39–54).		An annual license on all vehicles.	Exemptions: Vehicles owned by the government, by embassies, international organizations, approved nonprofit organizations, hospitals, schools, and handicapped persons are exempt.	Vehicles		Levy
						Motorcycles with a cylindrical content of less than 50 cm³		FBu 150
						Motorcycles with a cylindrical content of more than 50 cm³		FBu 500
						Cars for recreational purposes (two or four wheels)		FBu 2,250
						Cars weighing less than 2500 kg:
							Less than 8 HP	FBu 900
							Between 8-10 HP	FBu 1200
							Over 10 HP	FBu 1500
						Vehicles of over		FBu 10.5/kg
						2,500 kg. and trailers
	3.5	Boat tax (Code des Impôts I, Taxe sur les bateaux et les embarcations, Art. 54 ter.)		An annual license on all boats.	Exemptions: Boats owned by the government or by embassies, international organizations, and approved nonprofit organizations.	Boats		Rate
						Industrial fishing boats		FBu 3,000/m³ of gross gauge.
						Pleasure boats		FBu 30,000 per boat
						Tugboats		FBu 900/m³ of empty gauge
						Motor-propelled boats		FBu 900/m³ of gross gauge
						Barges		FBu500/m³ of net gauge.
4. Taxes on international trade
	4.1	Taxes on imports
		4.1.1	Import duty.	A tax on only imports from Preferential Trade Area (PTA) countries.	Exemptions: Categories of goods exempted under Art. 89 of Decree Law 1/58 of 11/12/71 (including luggage of passengers; moving vehicles; inheritances; commercial samples; ritual objects; gifts to the people and to philanthropic work; educational, scientific or cultural objects; archives; and funeral articles).	PTA tariff.
					These exemptions also apply to customs duties (see section 4.1.2.).
					Goods imported under the Investment Code. Goods imported under international or bilateral agreements. Inputs and equipments for agricultural and livestock sectors.
		4.1.2	Customs duty	Duty levied on all imports other than those from PTA countries.	Exemptions: Goods exempted under Art. 80 of Decree Law No. 1/56 of 11/12/71.	Products		Rate (percent)
						Luxury products		100
						Manufactured goods		40
						Food products		15
						Intermediary		12
						Equipment goods		10
						Petroleum products		(Ad valorem rates below)
		4.1.3	Petroleum products (since November 1997).	Ad valorem tax on the Bujumbura c.i.f. price.	None.	Products		Rate (percent)
						Gasoline super		40
						Gas oil		20
						Kerosene		0
						Petrol		20
				Specific taxes levied on gasoline (super), gas oil, and petrol:
				Special gasoline fund		Gasoline super Gas oil		FBu 34.05/liter FBu 34.05/liter
				National road fund		Gasoline super Gas oil		FBu 20/liter FBu 20/liter
		4.1.4	Service tax.	This tax, the proceeds of which are assumed to compensate for the administrative expenditures of assessing and collecting the import duties, is levied on all imports. The tax was called statistical tax until December 1995 when its name was changed.	Exemptions: Imports under diplomatic franchise.	6 percent of the c.i.f. value.
	4.2	Taxes on exports
		4.2.1	Export duties.	Taxes levied on a range of exports (1,093 tariff positions against 2,333 for the import tariff). The export tariff has one column only.	Reimbursement of taxes paid on inputs: Decree Law No. 1/012 of 4/15/88 on export promotion. Simplified drawback of 10 percent on f.o.b. value of exported goods.	The generally applicable rate is 5 percent. Most export duties are ad valorem. For green coffee, the export tax is 31 percent.
5. Other taxes
5.1	Stamp duties (Droits d’enregistrement, Decree Law No. 1/43 of 6/11/70).			Fixed duties on certificates of registration and on related registrations. Proportional duties on the establishment and transfer of real property, as well as on mortgages.	Exemptions: Government and subordinate agencies are exempt. Donations to religious and scientific organizations and the like are exempted from proportional duties.	The following rates are applied: FBu 500 for the first page. FBu 125 for each following page. FBu 250 for the registration of a right. 100 percent for transfers with reduced rates for direct line relations or those of spouse. 2.5 percent for registration of a mortgage.

Source: Ministry of Finance

This limit was raised to 50 percent in November 1996.

Other Publishers

Save
Cite
Email this content

Share Link

Copy this link, or click below to email it to a friend
Email this content
or copy the link directly:

https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/002/1999/008/article-A001-en.xml
The link was not copied. Your current browser may not support copying via this button.

Link copied successfully

Collapse
Expand

Burundi: Statistical Annex

Author:

International Monetary Fund

Volume/Issue:: Volume 1999: Issue 008

Publisher:: International Monetary Fund

ISBN:: 9781451802795

ISSN:: 1934-7685

Pages:: 63

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451802795.002

Keywords
- APPENDIX I Burundi: Summary of Exchange and Trade System
  - Exchange rate system
  - Trade and payment system
- APPENDIX II Burundi: Summary of the Tax System, End-June 1998

View raw image

Figure 1.

Burundi: Selected Economic and Financial Indicators, 1994–99

View raw image

Figure 2.

Burundi: Selected Exchange Rate Indices, Jan. 1990–Aug. 1998

(1990=100; foreign currency per Burundi franc)

Foresee

Tax				Nature of Tax	Exemptions and Deductions	Rates
1. Tax on income and profits
	1.1	Tax on companies (Tax Code II, Impôt sur les revenus professionnels, Arts. 27–94).		Annual tax on all net profits received by Burundi and foreign companies from Burundi sources. Realized capital gains are included in the profits. The purchase price of the assets may be adjusted so as to exclude gains that result from increases in the general price level. However, gains resulting from revaluation are subject to taxes if these gains are simply stated. Appreciation gains that have materialized are also subject to taxes.	Companies benefiting from the Investment Code are taxed accordingly. Exemptions: Incomes covered by an international convention ratified by Burundi are exempt. Cooperative companies are exempt. Temporary exemptions for a period of ten years are given to enterprises operating in the free trade zone. Leasing and hire-purchase companies are exempt during a period spanning up to eight years.	A 40 percent tax rate is applied on profits. A minimum payment of 1 percent of turnover is levied on enterprises whose earnings are less than the turnover multiplied by a coefficient equal to 0.02222. After the expiration of the ten-year exemption period, a 15 percent rate is applied.
					Deductions: Export companies can deduct 50 percent of their export profits.
	1.2	Tax on rental income (Tax Code II, Impôt sur les revenus locatifs, Arts. 4–12).		Annual schedular tax on rental income obtained from property located in Burundi. It applies also to housing allowances paid to employees occupying their own house. The tax on rental income from property has been transferred to the municipality of Bujumbura (Law No. 1/001 of 2/2/84), and to the Communes (Law No. 1/003 of 1/8/87).	Exemptions: Central government, local governments, and decentralized central government units are exempt. Rental income are exempted under international agreement ratified by Burundi. New buildings are exempt up to four years maximum as follows (Decree Law No. 1/19 of 7/10/78): (i) for a period of three years on new residential buildings; (ii) for a period of four years on new commercial, industrial, and craft buildings; and (iii) for a period of two years on new buildings, other than those mentioned above.	Marginal Tax Rates Income (FBu)		Rate (percent)
	1.2
0 - 200,000 200,001 - 400,000 400,001 - 600,000 600,001 - 800,000 800,001 - 1,000,000 1,000,001 - 1,500,000 1,500,001 and over	20 25 30 40 45 50 60
					Deductions: A standard deduction of 20 percent of gross rent. Mortgage interest paid to banks.
	1.3	Tax on capital income (Tax Code II, Impôt mobilier, Arts. 13–26).		Annual schedular tax on dividends, interest, and other revenue derived from equity ownership in companies. Distributed income of foreign companies is set on an inclusive basis at 48 percent of all net profits. The tax is withheld at source by the companies.	Exemptions: Those granted under the Investment Code. Enterprises operating under the free zone regime.	20 percent.
	1.4	Tax on other income (Tax Code II, Impôt sur les revenus professionnels, Arts. 27–94).		Annual schedular tax on all profits, wage income, income from liberal professions, or any other income, the source of which is an activity on Burundi territory and which is not yet taxed under another schedular tax. Income in kind is included in the tax base. Free housing is valued at 10 percent of the revenues obtained in connection with the activity for which these housing facilities are granted. The tax is withheld at source on salaries above FBu 100,500 per annum.	Exemptions: Income covered under international conventions ratified by Burundi is exempt. Exemptions under the Investment Code apply. Pensions, royalties, and the allowances that were paid in accordance with the legislation regulating the payment of these funds are exempt. Individual enterprises under the free zone regime are exempt for ten years.	Marginal Tax Rates Turnover (FBu)		Rate (percent)
	1.4
0 - 100,000 100,001 - 200,000 200,001 - 300,000 300,001 - 400,000 400,001 - 500,000 500,001 - 600,000 600,001 - 700,000 700,001 - 800,000 800,001 - 900,000 900,001 - 1,000,000 1,000,001 - 2,000,000 2,000,001 - 3,000,000 3,000,001 - 4,000,000 4,000,001 and over	0 12 15 19 23 27 31 35 40 41 43 47 55 60
					Deductions: Expenses necessary to obtain the taxable incomes and to maintain their regularity are deductible. Expenses unrelated to the exercise of the profession, such as travel, medical, and canteen expenses, and contributions to social security are deductible; for liberal professions, these expenses are limited to a maximum of 25 percent or FBu 300,000, whichever is higher.	For coffee exports, the minimum tax is equal to the turnover figure multiplied by 0.25 percent, instead of 1 percent. A tax of 0.55 percent of the factory price is levied on the earnings of wholesalers of beer and soft drinks. For individual enterprises under the free zone regime, after the expiration of the ten-year exemption period, a 15 percent rate is applied.
					Contractual withholdings for pension, life insurance, social security, or profit funds are considered as professional expenses and are deductible. Losses incurred by liberal professions during the past four years are deductible. Dependents’ deduction is FBu 1,350 per person, up to a maximum of four persons. Individual export enterprises can deduct 50 percent of their export profits.
						Other Income (FBu) Occasional incomes End-career allowances		Rate (percent) 40

	0 – 500,000 500,000+	15 30
Income collected after end of professional activity		20
2. Taxes on property
	2.1	Real estate (Tax Code I, Impôt fancier, Arts. 2–38).		A specific tax payable by the owner or the person having the use of a property. In November 1983, it was decided to transfer this tax to the local authorities. The tax has been transferred to the Municipality of Bujumbura (Law No. 1/002 of 2/4/84), and to all communes (Law No. 1/003 of 1/8/87).	Exemptions: Those provided by the Investment Code. Agricultural land under cultivation or used as pasture for cattle. Buildings used by the government or by nonprofit organizations, whether owned by them or rented to them; sports fields; buildings used for religious purposes. Properties belonging to individuals with less than FBu 36,000 annual income. In addition, buildings for four years after their construction is finished.	For built-on property, the following rates apply in Bujumbura and elsewhere: FBu 36/m² for solid-construction buildings. FBu 24/m² for semisolid buildings. FBu 15/m² for provisional buildings. For other properties, the following rates apply in Bujumbura and elsewhere: For areas with mininum equipment, FBu 2/m². For areas with medium equipment, FBu 3/m². For highly equipped areas, FBu 4/m².
	2.2	Cattle tax (Tax Code IV, Impôt sur le gros bétail, Arts. 1–22).		A tax owed by the cattle owners. At the beginning of 1979, both the collection and revenue of this tax were handed over to local authorities.	None.	FBu 200 per head.
3. Taxes on domestic goods and services
	3.1	Transactions tax (Decree Law No. 1/04 of 1/31/89 and Law No. 1/005 of 4/31/94).		Tax applicable only once on imports, manufacturing services, sales of buildings, and business premises. The tax paid earlier is deductible in the case of manufacturing, imports, restaurants, and construction work. However, taxes paid on fixed capital and business expenses are not deductible. Tax credit can be reimbursed.	Exemptions and deductions: Vehicles for commercial transportation. Inputs and equipment for agriculture and livestock; receipts of stadiums, transports, and international tariffs. Medical care, laboratory expenses, and medical biology. Inputs and equipments of enterprises operating under the free zone regime for exports.	7 percent on bank operations, sales of assets, sales of agricultural products, fishing, and livestock; 15 percent on other goods and services. The transaction tax on beer, soft beverages, and tobacco is included in the ad valorem excise taxes specified below.
	3.2	Excise taxes on beer and soft drinks (OM 540/152 of March 6, 1992 in execution of Decree Law No. 1/02 dated February 8, 1992).		An ad valorem tax on the consumption of local industrially made beverages. Duties on the consumption of imported alcoholic beverages are incorporated in the fiscal import duty.	Exemption: Products intended for export.	Primus Beer: 100 percent ad valorem tax on an ex factory price basis. Amstel Beer: 30 percent ad valorem tax on an ex factory price basis. Fanta, Coca Cola, Tonic, and other soft drinks: 30 percent ad valorem tax for a 24-bottle case on an ex factory price basis.
	3.3	Excise tax on tobacco.		A tax on the consumption of locally produced tobacco.	None.	Ad valorem tax at 53 percent on a factory price basis.
	3.4	Vehicle tax (Tax Code I, Impôt sur les véhicules, Arts. 39–54).		An annual license on all vehicles.	Exemptions: Vehicles owned by the government, by embassies, international organizations, approved nonprofit organizations, hospitals, schools, and handicapped persons are exempt.	Vehicles		Levy
						Motorcycles with a cylindrical content of less than 50 cm³		FBu 150
						Motorcycles with a cylindrical content of more than 50 cm³		FBu 500
						Cars for recreational purposes (two or four wheels)		FBu 2,250
						Cars weighing less than 2500 kg:
							Less than 8 HP	FBu 900
							Between 8-10 HP	FBu 1200
							Over 10 HP	FBu 1500
						Vehicles of over		FBu 10.5/kg
						2,500 kg. and trailers
	3.5	Boat tax (Code des Impôts I, Taxe sur les bateaux et les embarcations, Art. 54 ter.)		An annual license on all boats.	Exemptions: Boats owned by the government or by embassies, international organizations, and approved nonprofit organizations.	Boats		Rate
						Industrial fishing boats		FBu 3,000/m³ of gross gauge.
						Pleasure boats		FBu 30,000 per boat
						Tugboats		FBu 900/m³ of empty gauge
						Motor-propelled boats		FBu 900/m³ of gross gauge
						Barges		FBu500/m³ of net gauge.
4. Taxes on international trade
	4.1	Taxes on imports
		4.1.1	Import duty.	A tax on only imports from Preferential Trade Area (PTA) countries.	Exemptions: Categories of goods exempted under Art. 89 of Decree Law 1/58 of 11/12/71 (including luggage of passengers; moving vehicles; inheritances; commercial samples; ritual objects; gifts to the people and to philanthropic work; educational, scientific or cultural objects; archives; and funeral articles).	PTA tariff.
					These exemptions also apply to customs duties (see section 4.1.2.).
					Goods imported under the Investment Code. Goods imported under international or bilateral agreements. Inputs and equipments for agricultural and livestock sectors.
		4.1.2	Customs duty	Duty levied on all imports other than those from PTA countries.	Exemptions: Goods exempted under Art. 80 of Decree Law No. 1/56 of 11/12/71.	Products		Rate (percent)
						Luxury products		100
						Manufactured goods		40
						Food products		15
						Intermediary		12
						Equipment goods		10
						Petroleum products		(Ad valorem rates below)
		4.1.3	Petroleum products (since November 1997).	Ad valorem tax on the Bujumbura c.i.f. price.	None.	Products		Rate (percent)
						Gasoline super		40
						Gas oil		20
						Kerosene		0
						Petrol		20
				Specific taxes levied on gasoline (super), gas oil, and petrol:
				Special gasoline fund		Gasoline super Gas oil		FBu 34.05/liter FBu 34.05/liter
				National road fund		Gasoline super Gas oil		FBu 20/liter FBu 20/liter
		4.1.4	Service tax.	This tax, the proceeds of which are assumed to compensate for the administrative expenditures of assessing and collecting the import duties, is levied on all imports. The tax was called statistical tax until December 1995 when its name was changed.	Exemptions: Imports under diplomatic franchise.	6 percent of the c.i.f. value.
	4.2	Taxes on exports
		4.2.1	Export duties.	Taxes levied on a range of exports (1,093 tariff positions against 2,333 for the import tariff). The export tariff has one column only.	Reimbursement of taxes paid on inputs: Decree Law No. 1/012 of 4/15/88 on export promotion. Simplified drawback of 10 percent on f.o.b. value of exported goods.	The generally applicable rate is 5 percent. Most export duties are ad valorem. For green coffee, the export tax is 31 percent.
5. Other taxes
5.1	Stamp duties (Droits d’enregistrement, Decree Law No. 1/43 of 6/11/70).			Fixed duties on certificates of registration and on related registrations. Proportional duties on the establishment and transfer of real property, as well as on mortgages.	Exemptions: Government and subordinate agencies are exempt. Donations to religious and scientific organizations and the like are exempted from proportional duties.	The following rates are applied: FBu 500 for the first page. FBu 125 for each following page. FBu 250 for the registration of a right. 100 percent for transfers with reduced rates for direct line relations or those of spouse. 2.5 percent for registration of a mortgage.

Source: Ministry of Finance

Topics

Countries

Series

About

Resources

Abstract

APPENDIX I Burundi: Summary of Exchange and Trade System

Exchange rate system

Trade and payment system

APPENDIX II Burundi: Summary of the Tax System, End-June 1998

Same Series

Other Publishers

Asian Development Bank

Food and Agriculture Organization

Inter-American Development Bank

Nordic Council of Ministers

The World Bank

Share Link

Table of Contents

Headings

Figures

Metrics

Foresee