Jordan: Statistical Appendix

International Monetary Fund

doi:10.5089/9781451820287.002.A001

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Jordan

Statistical Appendix

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International Monetary Fund

International Monetary Fund
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Publication Date:: 08 Apr 1997

eISBN:: 9781451820287

Language:: English

Keywords:: ISCR; CR; Jordan; Jordan dinar; net; net surplus

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In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.

Abstract

Table 1.

Jordan: Selected Economic and Financial Indicators, 1990–96

Sources: The Jordanian authorities; and staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}Period averages; depreciation (–).

^{^2/}Percentage change over the 12–month period ending October 1996.

^{^3/}The ratios to GDP are based on the revised GDP series compiled by Jordan’s Department of Statistics.

^{^4/}Starting in 1996, the fiscal accounts exclude the operations of the Telecommunications Corporation.

^{^5/}The revised program assumes no buildup in net bilateral accounts in 1996.

^{^6/}Public and publicly guaranteed external debt.

^{^7/}Readily usable foreign exchange of the Central Bank of Jordan; excluding foreign exchange deposits by residents at the Central Bank of Jordan, gold, and net bilateral accounts; data are for end of period.

^{^8/}Exluding re–exported imports.

Table 1.

Jordan: Selected Economic and Financial Indicators, 1990–96

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	Estimate 1996
			(Annual changes in percent)
National income and prices
	Real GDP at market prices		1.9	1.8	16.1	5.6	8.1	6.9	5.2
	GDP deflator at market prices		11.4	5.2	5.4	3.1	2.2	3.6	5.1
	Cost of living index		16.2	8.2	4.0	3.3	3.5	2.4	6.5
Real effective exchange rate ^1/			-3.0	1.1	-2.3	2.7	-3.8	-6.8	9.6 ^2/
			(In percent of GDP) ^3/
Government budget ^4/
	Revenue		27.5	28.2	33.7	31.3	29.7	31.0	29.0
	Foreign grants		10.9	8.7	3.9	4.2	4.2	3.6	4.5
	Total expenditure		45.9	45.6	36.9	37.2	35.8	36.3	33.7
	Overall balance, excluding foreign grants		-18.3	-17.4	-3.2	-5.9	-6.1	-5.3	-4.6
	Domestic financing (net)		-3.8	-2.1	2.5	0.3	-0.7	-3.4	-4.3
External sector
	Current account deficit (including grants) ^5/		-18.7	-15.4	-15.1	-11.7	-6.6	-3.9	-3.0
	External debt ^6/		188.8	176.6	128.9	121.0	112.0	103.0	99.9
			(Changes in percent of beginning stock of money and quasi—money)
Money and quasi—money			5.1	24.5	7.9	6.9	8.0	6.6	2.0
	Foreign assets (net) ^5/		8.7	24.9	0.3	1.2	1.5	3.2	-0.3
	Domestic assets (net), of which:		-3.7	-0.5	7.6	8.1	6.5	3.4	2.3
		Claims on public sector (net)	-5.0	3.0	2.0	0.3	-0.3	-0.4	-1.5
		Claims on private sector	4.5	2.9	6.1	6.9	10.1	8.9	5.6
			(In millions of U.S. dollars; unless otherwise specified)
Trade balance			(1,668)	(1,460)	(2,151)	-2,287	-1,950	-1,922	-2,374
Current account balance (including grants)			-754	-646	(774)	-644	-399	-257	-217
	External debt		…	7,323	6,625	6,658	6,734	6,837	7,247
	External debt service as percent of exports of GNFS		…	51.5	42.5	35.9	30.6	26.3	24.9
Gross official reserves ^7/			221.0	825.0	769.9	595.2	431.2	427.0	696.5
	In months of imports ^8/		1.0	3.8	2.4	2.2	1.7	1.5	2.0

Sources: The Jordanian authorities; and staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}Period averages; depreciation (–).

^{^2/}Percentage change over the 12–month period ending October 1996.

^{^3/}The ratios to GDP are based on the revised GDP series compiled by Jordan’s Department of Statistics.

^{^4/}Starting in 1996, the fiscal accounts exclude the operations of the Telecommunications Corporation.

^{^5/}The revised program assumes no buildup in net bilateral accounts in 1996.

^{^6/}Public and publicly guaranteed external debt.

^{^8/}Exluding re–exported imports.

Table 1.

Jordan: Selected Economic and Financial Indicators, 1990–96

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	Estimate 1996
			(Annual changes in percent)
National income and prices
	Real GDP at market prices		1.9	1.8	16.1	5.6	8.1	6.9	5.2
	GDP deflator at market prices		11.4	5.2	5.4	3.1	2.2	3.6	5.1
	Cost of living index		16.2	8.2	4.0	3.3	3.5	2.4	6.5
Real effective exchange rate ^1/			-3.0	1.1	-2.3	2.7	-3.8	-6.8	9.6 ^2/
			(In percent of GDP) ^3/
Government budget ^4/
	Revenue		27.5	28.2	33.7	31.3	29.7	31.0	29.0
	Foreign grants		10.9	8.7	3.9	4.2	4.2	3.6	4.5
	Total expenditure		45.9	45.6	36.9	37.2	35.8	36.3	33.7
	Overall balance, excluding foreign grants		-18.3	-17.4	-3.2	-5.9	-6.1	-5.3	-4.6
	Domestic financing (net)		-3.8	-2.1	2.5	0.3	-0.7	-3.4	-4.3
External sector
	Current account deficit (including grants) ^5/		-18.7	-15.4	-15.1	-11.7	-6.6	-3.9	-3.0
	External debt ^6/		188.8	176.6	128.9	121.0	112.0	103.0	99.9
			(Changes in percent of beginning stock of money and quasi—money)
Money and quasi—money			5.1	24.5	7.9	6.9	8.0	6.6	2.0
	Foreign assets (net) ^5/		8.7	24.9	0.3	1.2	1.5	3.2	-0.3
	Domestic assets (net), of which:		-3.7	-0.5	7.6	8.1	6.5	3.4	2.3
		Claims on public sector (net)	-5.0	3.0	2.0	0.3	-0.3	-0.4	-1.5
		Claims on private sector	4.5	2.9	6.1	6.9	10.1	8.9	5.6
			(In millions of U.S. dollars; unless otherwise specified)
Trade balance			(1,668)	(1,460)	(2,151)	-2,287	-1,950	-1,922	-2,374
Current account balance (including grants)			-754	-646	(774)	-644	-399	-257	-217
	External debt		…	7,323	6,625	6,658	6,734	6,837	7,247
	External debt service as percent of exports of GNFS		…	51.5	42.5	35.9	30.6	26.3	24.9
Gross official reserves ^7/			221.0	825.0	769.9	595.2	431.2	427.0	696.5
	In months of imports ^8/		1.0	3.8	2.4	2.2	1.7	1.5	2.0

Sources: The Jordanian authorities; and staff estimates and projections.

^{^1/}Period averages; depreciation (–).

^{^2/}Percentage change over the 12–month period ending October 1996.

^{^3/}The ratios to GDP are based on the revised GDP series compiled by Jordan’s Department of Statistics.

^{^4/}Starting in 1996, the fiscal accounts exclude the operations of the Telecommunications Corporation.

^{^5/}The revised program assumes no buildup in net bilateral accounts in 1996.

^{^6/}Public and publicly guaranteed external debt.

^{^8/}Exluding re–exported imports.

Table 2.

Jordan: Industrial Origin of Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices, 1990–95 ^1/

Source: Department of Statistics.

^{^1/}Figures for 1993–95 were revised by the Economic Situation Evaluation Committee, Government of Jordan.

^{^2/}Comprising finance, insurance, real estate, and business services; community, social, and personal services; nonprofit services to households; domestic services of households; and an imputed bank service charge.

Table 2.

Jordan: Industrial Origin of Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices, 1990–95 ^1/

		1990	1991	1992	1993	Prel. 1994	Est. 1995
		(In millions of Jordan dinars)
Agriculture		187.8	213.5	246.9	193.3	197.2	213.3
Mining		148.8	124.9	130.5	106.9	102.4	128.1
Manufacturing		345.3	343.7	406.3	427.3	561.4	618.7
Electricity and water		53.9	62.0	66.6	78.7	84.0	90.8
Construction		105.6	125.7	215.3	283.7	300.2	327.8
Trade		216.8	254.7	278.7	317.2	377.0	423.3
Transport and communications		362.0	382.7	450.0	487.1	494.0	531.7
Government services		449.1	474.4	554.7	619.1	671.2	732.9
Other services ^2/		455.2	524.0	611.9	691.6	748.3	806.5

GDP at factor costs		2,324.5	2,505.6	2,960.9	3,204.9	3,535.7	3,873.1
	Net indirect taxes	343.8	349.5	532.1	596.8	665.6	781.5
GDP at market prices		2,668.3	2,855.1	3,493.0	3,801.7	4,201.3	4,654.6
	Net factor income from abroad	-239.5	-221.1	-186.2	-149.1	-151.4	…
GNP at market prices		2,668.3	2,855.1	3,493.0	3,801.7	4,201.3	…
		(Annual changes in percent)
Agriculture		34.3	13.7	15.6	-21.7	2.0	8.2
Mining		-3.7	-16.1	4.5	-18.1	-4.2	25.1
Manufacturing		35.6	-0.5	18.2	5.2	31.4	10.2
Electricity and water		2.3	14.9	7.5	18.2	6.7	8.1
Construction		4.0	19.0	71.3	31.8	5.8	9.2
Trade		20.0	17.5	9.4	13.8	18.9	12.3
Transport and communications		0.8	5.7	17.6	8.2	1.4	7.6
Government services		4.1	5.6	16.9	11.6	8.4	9.2
Other services ^2/		4.6	15.1	16.8	13.0	8.2	7.8

GDP at factor costs		10.2	7.8	18.2	8.2	10.3	9.5

Source: Department of Statistics.

^{^1/}Figures for 1993–95 were revised by the Economic Situation Evaluation Committee, Government of Jordan.

Table 2.

Jordan: Industrial Origin of Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices, 1990–95 ^1/

		1990	1991	1992	1993	Prel. 1994	Est. 1995
		(In millions of Jordan dinars)
Agriculture		187.8	213.5	246.9	193.3	197.2	213.3
Mining		148.8	124.9	130.5	106.9	102.4	128.1
Manufacturing		345.3	343.7	406.3	427.3	561.4	618.7
Electricity and water		53.9	62.0	66.6	78.7	84.0	90.8
Construction		105.6	125.7	215.3	283.7	300.2	327.8
Trade		216.8	254.7	278.7	317.2	377.0	423.3
Transport and communications		362.0	382.7	450.0	487.1	494.0	531.7
Government services		449.1	474.4	554.7	619.1	671.2	732.9
Other services ^2/		455.2	524.0	611.9	691.6	748.3	806.5

GDP at factor costs		2,324.5	2,505.6	2,960.9	3,204.9	3,535.7	3,873.1
	Net indirect taxes	343.8	349.5	532.1	596.8	665.6	781.5
GDP at market prices		2,668.3	2,855.1	3,493.0	3,801.7	4,201.3	4,654.6
	Net factor income from abroad	-239.5	-221.1	-186.2	-149.1	-151.4	…
GNP at market prices		2,668.3	2,855.1	3,493.0	3,801.7	4,201.3	…
		(Annual changes in percent)
Agriculture		34.3	13.7	15.6	-21.7	2.0	8.2
Mining		-3.7	-16.1	4.5	-18.1	-4.2	25.1
Manufacturing		35.6	-0.5	18.2	5.2	31.4	10.2
Electricity and water		2.3	14.9	7.5	18.2	6.7	8.1
Construction		4.0	19.0	71.3	31.8	5.8	9.2
Trade		20.0	17.5	9.4	13.8	18.9	12.3
Transport and communications		0.8	5.7	17.6	8.2	1.4	7.6
Government services		4.1	5.6	16.9	11.6	8.4	9.2
Other services ^2/		4.6	15.1	16.8	13.0	8.2	7.8

GDP at factor costs		10.2	7.8	18.2	8.2	10.3	9.5

Source: Department of Statistics.

^{^1/}Figures for 1993–95 were revised by the Economic Situation Evaluation Committee, Government of Jordan.

Table 3.

Jordan: Industrial Origin of Gross Domestic Product at Constant 1985 Prices, 1990–95 ^1/

Source: Department of Statistics.

^{^1/}Figures for 1993–95 were revised by the Economic Situation Evaluation Committee, Government of Jordan.

Table 3.

Jordan: Industrial Origin of Gross Domestic Product at Constant 1985 Prices, 1990–95 ^1/

		1990	1991	1992	1993	Prel. 1994	Est. 1995
		(In millions of Jordan dinars)
Agriculture		163.1	178.7	209.6	154.3	140.4	146.0
Mining		63.6	54.1	53.5	47.4	47.6	56.2
Manufacturing		224.0	220.7	253.7	261.9	336.8	360.4
Electricity and water		53.3	56.2	58.7	67.1	70.2	73.7
Construction		80.7	89.2	138.6	174.1	192.7	202.3
Trade		57.7	59.0	65.4	82.4	101.2	110.3
Transport and communications		270.2	255.1	278.5	289.9	294.0	305.8
Government services		386.1	392.6	415.3	451.6	464.6	490.2
Other services ^2/		363.5	399.4	438.3	478.7	519.7	543.9

GDP at factor costs		1,662.2	1,705.0	1,911.6	2,007.4	2,167.2	2,288.8
	Net indirect taxes	245.8	237.8	343.5	373.8	408.0	465.1
GDP at market prices		1,908.0	1,942.8	2,255.1	2,381.2	2,575.2	2,753.9
		(Annual changes in percent)
Agriculture		31.1	9.6	17.3	-26.4	-9.0	4.0
Mining		-17.8	-14.9	-1.1	-11.4	0.4	18.1
Manufacturing		9.6	-1.5	15.0	3.2	28.6	7.0
Electricity and water		-23.2	5.5	4.4	14.3	4.6	5.0
Construction		-6.3	10.5	55.4	25.6	10.7	5.0
Trade		-25.2	2.3	10.8	26.0	22.8	9.0
Transport and communications		-3.5	-5.6	9.2	4.1	1.4	4.0
Government services		-0.5	1.7	5.8	8.7	2.9	5.5
Other services ^2/		-2.7	9.9	9.7	9.2	8.6	4.7

GDP at factor costs		-1.1	2.6	12.1	5.0	8.0	5.6
	Net indirect taxes	17.6	-3.3	44.4	8.8	9.1	14.0
GDP at market prices		1.0	1.8	16.1	5.6	8.1	6.9

Source: Department of Statistics.

^{^1/}Figures for 1993–95 were revised by the Economic Situation Evaluation Committee, Government of Jordan.

Table 3.

Jordan: Industrial Origin of Gross Domestic Product at Constant 1985 Prices, 1990–95 ^1/

		1990	1991	1992	1993	Prel. 1994	Est. 1995
		(In millions of Jordan dinars)
Agriculture		163.1	178.7	209.6	154.3	140.4	146.0
Mining		63.6	54.1	53.5	47.4	47.6	56.2
Manufacturing		224.0	220.7	253.7	261.9	336.8	360.4
Electricity and water		53.3	56.2	58.7	67.1	70.2	73.7
Construction		80.7	89.2	138.6	174.1	192.7	202.3
Trade		57.7	59.0	65.4	82.4	101.2	110.3
Transport and communications		270.2	255.1	278.5	289.9	294.0	305.8
Government services		386.1	392.6	415.3	451.6	464.6	490.2
Other services ^2/		363.5	399.4	438.3	478.7	519.7	543.9

GDP at factor costs		1,662.2	1,705.0	1,911.6	2,007.4	2,167.2	2,288.8
	Net indirect taxes	245.8	237.8	343.5	373.8	408.0	465.1
GDP at market prices		1,908.0	1,942.8	2,255.1	2,381.2	2,575.2	2,753.9
		(Annual changes in percent)
Agriculture		31.1	9.6	17.3	-26.4	-9.0	4.0
Mining		-17.8	-14.9	-1.1	-11.4	0.4	18.1
Manufacturing		9.6	-1.5	15.0	3.2	28.6	7.0
Electricity and water		-23.2	5.5	4.4	14.3	4.6	5.0
Construction		-6.3	10.5	55.4	25.6	10.7	5.0
Trade		-25.2	2.3	10.8	26.0	22.8	9.0
Transport and communications		-3.5	-5.6	9.2	4.1	1.4	4.0
Government services		-0.5	1.7	5.8	8.7	2.9	5.5
Other services ^2/		-2.7	9.9	9.7	9.2	8.6	4.7

GDP at factor costs		-1.1	2.6	12.1	5.0	8.0	5.6
	Net indirect taxes	17.6	-3.3	44.4	8.8	9.1	14.0
GDP at market prices		1.0	1.8	16.1	5.6	8.1	6.9

Source: Department of Statistics.

^{^1/}Figures for 1993–95 were revised by the Economic Situation Evaluation Committee, Government of Jordan.

Table 4.

Jordan: National Expenditure Accounts in Current Prices, 1990–95 ^1/

Source: Department of Statistics.

^{^1/}Figures for 1993–95 were revised by the Economic Situation Evaluation Committee, Government of Jordan.

^{^2/}Data for net factor income from abroad, prepared by the Department of Statistics, are not yet available for 1995.

Table 4.

Jordan: National Expenditure Accounts in Current Prices, 1990–95 ^1/

			1990	1991	1992	1993	Prel. 1994	Est. 1995
			(In millions of Jordan dinars)
Total consumption			2,640.3	2,781.6	3,439.0	3,568.6	3,764.5	4,104.4
	Public		663.9	742.0	790.6	857.9	990.2	1,081.2
	Private		1,976.4	2,039.6	2,648.4	2,710.7	2,774.3	3,023.2

Gross fixed investment			694.0	678.0	1,049.2	1,303.5	1,391.0	1,479.9
	Buildings & construction		436.0	476.3	811.3	1,137.0	1,125.1	1,203.9
	Machines and equipment		258.0	201.7	237.9	166.5	265.9	276.0

		Final domestic demand	3,334.3	3,459.6	4,488.2	4,872.1	5,155.5	5,584.3

Change in stocks			156.2	60.5	159.6	119.2	60.0	67.5

		Total domestic demand	3,490.5	3,520.1	4,647.8	4,991.3	5,215.5	5,651.8
Net exports of goods and nonfactor services			-822.4	-665.1	-1,154.8	-1,189.6	-1,014.2	-997.2
	Exports		1,652.1	1,697.5	1,819.9	1,962.1	2,093.4	2,438.2
	Imports		-2,474.3	-2,362.6	-2,974.7	-3,151.7	-3,107.6	-3,435.4
GDP at market prices			2,668.3	2,855.0	3,493.0	3,801.7	4,201.3	4,654.6
Net factor income from abroad ^2/			-239.5	-221.1	-186.2	-149.1	-151.4	--
GNP at market prices			2,428.8	2,633.9	3,306.8	3,652.6	4,049.9	--
			(In percent of GDP)
Total consumption			99.0	97.4	98.5	93.9	89.6	88.2
	Public		24.9	26.0	22.6	22.6	23.6	23.2
	Private		74.1	71.4	75.8	71.3	66.0	65.0
Gross fixed investment			26.0	23.7	30.0	34.3	33.1	31.8
	Buildings and constructions		16.3	16.7	23.2	29.9	26.8	25.9
	Machines and equipment		9.7	7.1	6.8	4.4	6.3	5.9

Net exports of goods and nonfactor services			-30.8	-23.3	-33.1	-31.3	-24.1	-21.4
	Export		61.9	59.5	52.1	51.6	49.8	52.4
	Imports		-92.7	-82.8	-85.2	-82.9	-74.0	-73.8

Memorandum items:
	Gross domestic savings (percent)		1.0	2.6	1.5	6.1	10.4	11.8

Source: Department of Statistics.

^{^1/}Figures for 1993–95 were revised by the Economic Situation Evaluation Committee, Government of Jordan.

^{^2/}Data for net factor income from abroad, prepared by the Department of Statistics, are not yet available for 1995.

Table 4.

Jordan: National Expenditure Accounts in Current Prices, 1990–95 ^1/

			1990	1991	1992	1993	Prel. 1994	Est. 1995
			(In millions of Jordan dinars)
Total consumption			2,640.3	2,781.6	3,439.0	3,568.6	3,764.5	4,104.4
	Public		663.9	742.0	790.6	857.9	990.2	1,081.2
	Private		1,976.4	2,039.6	2,648.4	2,710.7	2,774.3	3,023.2

Gross fixed investment			694.0	678.0	1,049.2	1,303.5	1,391.0	1,479.9
	Buildings & construction		436.0	476.3	811.3	1,137.0	1,125.1	1,203.9
	Machines and equipment		258.0	201.7	237.9	166.5	265.9	276.0

		Final domestic demand	3,334.3	3,459.6	4,488.2	4,872.1	5,155.5	5,584.3

Change in stocks			156.2	60.5	159.6	119.2	60.0	67.5

		Total domestic demand	3,490.5	3,520.1	4,647.8	4,991.3	5,215.5	5,651.8
Net exports of goods and nonfactor services			-822.4	-665.1	-1,154.8	-1,189.6	-1,014.2	-997.2
	Exports		1,652.1	1,697.5	1,819.9	1,962.1	2,093.4	2,438.2
	Imports		-2,474.3	-2,362.6	-2,974.7	-3,151.7	-3,107.6	-3,435.4
GDP at market prices			2,668.3	2,855.0	3,493.0	3,801.7	4,201.3	4,654.6
Net factor income from abroad ^2/			-239.5	-221.1	-186.2	-149.1	-151.4	--
GNP at market prices			2,428.8	2,633.9	3,306.8	3,652.6	4,049.9	--
			(In percent of GDP)
Total consumption			99.0	97.4	98.5	93.9	89.6	88.2
	Public		24.9	26.0	22.6	22.6	23.6	23.2
	Private		74.1	71.4	75.8	71.3	66.0	65.0
Gross fixed investment			26.0	23.7	30.0	34.3	33.1	31.8
	Buildings and constructions		16.3	16.7	23.2	29.9	26.8	25.9
	Machines and equipment		9.7	7.1	6.8	4.4	6.3	5.9

Net exports of goods and nonfactor services			-30.8	-23.3	-33.1	-31.3	-24.1	-21.4
	Export		61.9	59.5	52.1	51.6	49.8	52.4
	Imports		-92.7	-82.8	-85.2	-82.9	-74.0	-73.8

Memorandum items:
	Gross domestic savings (percent)		1.0	2.6	1.5	6.1	10.4	11.8

Source: Department of Statistics.

^{^1/}Figures for 1993–95 were revised by the Economic Situation Evaluation Committee, Government of Jordan.

^{^2/}Data for net factor income from abroad, prepared by the Department of Statistics, are not yet available for 1995.

Table 5.

Jordan: Agricultural Production, 1990–95

(In thousands of metric tons)

Source: Department of Statistics.

Table 5.

Jordan: Agricultural Production, 1990–95

(In thousands of metric tons)

		1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	Prelim. 1995
Field crops		…	117.5	172.3	103.3	109.0	145.3
	Wheat	82.9	61.8	75.4	57.1	46.9	58.5
	Barley	42.4	39.9	68.9	31.8	27.4	31.7
	Tobacco	2.9	1.3	3.2	3.4	1.5	4.8
	Lentils	4.1	1.2	2.8	4.8	1.4	2.1
	Other	…	13.3	22.0	6.2	31.8	48.2

Vegetables		…	697.2	878.1	996.7	870.2	1,061.0
	Tomatoes	376.9	275.5	490.3	331.5	438.7	439.7
	Eggplants	59.5	61.1	49.4	33.6	37.9	73.4
	Cucumbers	54.3	56.2	34.2	46.0	35.1	66.4
	Cauliflower and cabbage	44.3	40.9	30.7	27.6	51.8	55.4
	Melons	80.5	94.3	90.3	64.3	145.2	117.8
	Other	…	169.2	183.2	493.7	161.5	308.3

Fruits		…	284.5	346.5	271.1	366.1	292.3
	Olives	63.7	40.6	81.8	31.8	94.1	63.2
	Grapes	45.7	39.1	50.2	35.2	26.4	24.3
	Citrus	154.1	151.9	160.3	106.8	150.7	105.5
	Bananas	18.9	26.3	11.5	30.3	24.7	29.3
	Other	…	26.6	42.7	67.0	70.2	70.0

Animal production
	Red meat	10.1	16.8	16.8	18.9	16.1	14.5
	Poultry meat	49.0	60.0	70.0	83.4	94.0	107.0
	Milk	96.4	156.7	156.7	166.6	151.4	147.0
	Eggs (million eggs)	530.0	710.0	775.0	862.2	871.0	715.0

Source: Department of Statistics.

Table 5.

Jordan: Agricultural Production, 1990–95

(In thousands of metric tons)

		1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	Prelim. 1995
Field crops		…	117.5	172.3	103.3	109.0	145.3
	Wheat	82.9	61.8	75.4	57.1	46.9	58.5
	Barley	42.4	39.9	68.9	31.8	27.4	31.7
	Tobacco	2.9	1.3	3.2	3.4	1.5	4.8
	Lentils	4.1	1.2	2.8	4.8	1.4	2.1
	Other	…	13.3	22.0	6.2	31.8	48.2

Vegetables		…	697.2	878.1	996.7	870.2	1,061.0
	Tomatoes	376.9	275.5	490.3	331.5	438.7	439.7
	Eggplants	59.5	61.1	49.4	33.6	37.9	73.4
	Cucumbers	54.3	56.2	34.2	46.0	35.1	66.4
	Cauliflower and cabbage	44.3	40.9	30.7	27.6	51.8	55.4
	Melons	80.5	94.3	90.3	64.3	145.2	117.8
	Other	…	169.2	183.2	493.7	161.5	308.3

Fruits		…	284.5	346.5	271.1	366.1	292.3
	Olives	63.7	40.6	81.8	31.8	94.1	63.2
	Grapes	45.7	39.1	50.2	35.2	26.4	24.3
	Citrus	154.1	151.9	160.3	106.8	150.7	105.5
	Bananas	18.9	26.3	11.5	30.3	24.7	29.3
	Other	…	26.6	42.7	67.0	70.2	70.0

Animal production
	Red meat	10.1	16.8	16.8	18.9	16.1	14.5
	Poultry meat	49.0	60.0	70.0	83.4	94.0	107.0
	Milk	96.4	156.7	156.7	166.6	151.4	147.0
	Eggs (million eggs)	530.0	710.0	775.0	862.2	871.0	715.0

Source: Department of Statistics.

Table 6.

Jordan: Cost of Living Indicators, 1990–96

(1992 = 100)

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}For 1996, based on the average of the first eleven months.

Table 6.

Jordan: Cost of Living Indicators, 1990–96

(1992 = 100)

		1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996
January		86.2	93.8	99.4	101.9	104.1	108.6	116.2
February		86.6	94.6	100.3	103.0	105.2	107.4	118.0
March		87.8	97.3	101.3	103.2	106.7	107.9	118.1
April		88.4	97.2	102.4	104.6	107.5	108.6	117.2
May		88.0	95.4	101.2	102.3	107.0	108.0	115.3
June		88.1	95.2	98.9	102.1	105.6	107.8	113.3
July		87.5	94.6	97.6	102.2	105.4	107.6	112.9
August		88.1	95.6	98.3	102.4	106.0	108.9	117.8
September		90.0	96.4	99.1	103.8	107.1	109.4	117.7
October		91.5	96.6	99.4	104.5	108.8	111.8	117.7
November		92.0	98.1	99.6	105.2	110.3	113.3	117.6
December		92.7	99.1	102.7	104.6	109.7	114.3	…

Annual average		88.9	96.2	100.0	103.3	106.9	109.5	106.8
	Percent change ^1/	16.2	8.2	4.0	3.3	3.5	2.4	6.9
End of period		9.5	6.8	3.6	1.9	4.9	4.2	…

12-month change (in percent):
January		24.5	8.8	6.0	2.6	2.2	4.3	7.0
February		21.2	9.2	6.0	2.7	2.1	2.1	9.9
March		22.0	10.8	4.1	1.9	3.4	1.1	9.5
April		18.5	10.0	5.4	2.2	2.8	1.0	7.9
May		20.1	8.3	6.1	1.1	4.6	0.9	6.8
June		18.5	8.1	3.8	3.3	3.4	2.1	5.1
July		14.5	8.1	3.2	4.7	3.1	2.1	4.9
August		11.3	8.6	2.8	4.2	3.5	2.7	8.2
September		12.8	7.2	2.7	4.8	3.2	2.1	7.6
October		13.1	5.6	2.9	5.2	4.1	2.8	5.3
November		11.7	6.7	1.5	5.6	4.8	2.7	3.8
December		9.5	6.8	3.6	1.9	4.9	4.2	…

Monthly change (in percent):
January		1.7	1.1	0.3	-0.8	-0.5	-1.0	1.7
February		0.5	0.9	0.9	1.1	1.1	-1.1	1.5
March		1.4	2.8	1.0	0.2	1.4	0.5	0.1
April		0.7	-0.1	1.1	1.4	0.7	0.6	-0.8
May		-0.4	-1.9	-1.2	-2.2	-0.5	-0.6	-1.6
June		0.1	-0.2	-2.3	-0.2	-1.3	-0.2	-1.7
July		-0.6	-0.6	-1.2	0.1	-0.2	-0.2	-0.4
August		0.7	1.1	0.6	0.2	0.6	1.2	4.3
September		2.1	0.8	0.8	1.4	1.0	0.5	-0.1
October		1.7	0.1	0.3	0.7	1.6	2.2	0.0
November		0.6	1.6	0.2	0.7	1.4	1.3	-0.1
December		0.8	1.0	3.1	-0.6	-0.5	0.9	…

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}For 1996, based on the average of the first eleven months.

Table 6.

Jordan: Cost of Living Indicators, 1990–96

(1992 = 100)

		1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996
January		86.2	93.8	99.4	101.9	104.1	108.6	116.2
February		86.6	94.6	100.3	103.0	105.2	107.4	118.0
March		87.8	97.3	101.3	103.2	106.7	107.9	118.1
April		88.4	97.2	102.4	104.6	107.5	108.6	117.2
May		88.0	95.4	101.2	102.3	107.0	108.0	115.3
June		88.1	95.2	98.9	102.1	105.6	107.8	113.3
July		87.5	94.6	97.6	102.2	105.4	107.6	112.9
August		88.1	95.6	98.3	102.4	106.0	108.9	117.8
September		90.0	96.4	99.1	103.8	107.1	109.4	117.7
October		91.5	96.6	99.4	104.5	108.8	111.8	117.7
November		92.0	98.1	99.6	105.2	110.3	113.3	117.6
December		92.7	99.1	102.7	104.6	109.7	114.3	…

Annual average		88.9	96.2	100.0	103.3	106.9	109.5	106.8
	Percent change ^1/	16.2	8.2	4.0	3.3	3.5	2.4	6.9
End of period		9.5	6.8	3.6	1.9	4.9	4.2	…

12-month change (in percent):
January		24.5	8.8	6.0	2.6	2.2	4.3	7.0
February		21.2	9.2	6.0	2.7	2.1	2.1	9.9
March		22.0	10.8	4.1	1.9	3.4	1.1	9.5
April		18.5	10.0	5.4	2.2	2.8	1.0	7.9
May		20.1	8.3	6.1	1.1	4.6	0.9	6.8
June		18.5	8.1	3.8	3.3	3.4	2.1	5.1
July		14.5	8.1	3.2	4.7	3.1	2.1	4.9
August		11.3	8.6	2.8	4.2	3.5	2.7	8.2
September		12.8	7.2	2.7	4.8	3.2	2.1	7.6
October		13.1	5.6	2.9	5.2	4.1	2.8	5.3
November		11.7	6.7	1.5	5.6	4.8	2.7	3.8
December		9.5	6.8	3.6	1.9	4.9	4.2	…

Monthly change (in percent):
January		1.7	1.1	0.3	-0.8	-0.5	-1.0	1.7
February		0.5	0.9	0.9	1.1	1.1	-1.1	1.5
March		1.4	2.8	1.0	0.2	1.4	0.5	0.1
April		0.7	-0.1	1.1	1.4	0.7	0.6	-0.8
May		-0.4	-1.9	-1.2	-2.2	-0.5	-0.6	-1.6
June		0.1	-0.2	-2.3	-0.2	-1.3	-0.2	-1.7
July		-0.6	-0.6	-1.2	0.1	-0.2	-0.2	-0.4
August		0.7	1.1	0.6	0.2	0.6	1.2	4.3
September		2.1	0.8	0.8	1.4	1.0	0.5	-0.1
October		1.7	0.1	0.3	0.7	1.6	2.2	0.0
November		0.6	1.6	0.2	0.7	1.4	1.3	-0.1
December		0.8	1.0	3.1	-0.6	-0.5	0.9	…

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}For 1996, based on the average of the first eleven months.

Table 7.

Jordan: Industrial Production Index, 1990–96 ^1/

(1988=100)

Sources: Central Bank of Jordan; and the Department of Statistics.

^{^1/}Only yearly data for 1990–92 are available.

^{^2/}Based on the first eight months.

Table 7.

Jordan: Industrial Production Index, 1990–96 ^1/

(1988=100)

		1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 ^2/
January		…	…	…	106.0	122.4	125.9	115.8
February		…	…	…	95.8	112.0	104.4	111.7
March		…	…	…	109.1	112.8	115.3	122.6
April		…	…	…	116.2	125.7	131.1	126.9
May		…	…	…	123.7	128.0	132.8	133.0
June		…	…	…	128.4	125.9	136.6	134.8
July		…	…	…	134.6	132.1	137.0	143.4
August		…	…	…	131.5	152.6	148.5	135.5
September		…	…	…	135.9	140.5	143.2	…
October		…	…	…	133.1	146.2	154.9	…
November		…	…	…	119.5	127.6	133.5	…
December		…	…	…	124.0	124.6	130.2	…

Annual average		106.8	100.1	113.0	121.5	129.2	132.8	85.3
	percent change	2.7	-6.3	12.9	7.5	6.4	2.8	-35.8

12-months change (in percent):
January		…	…	…	…	15.5	2.9	…
February		…	…	…	…	16.9	-6.8	…
March		…	…	…	…	3.4	2.2	…
April		…	…	…	…	8.2	4.3	…
May		…	…	…	…	3.5	3.8	…
June		…	…	…	…	-1.9	8.5	…
July		…	…	…	…	-1.9	3.7	…
August		…	…	…	…	16.0	-2.7	…
September		…	…	…	…	3.4	1.9	…
October		…	…	…	…	9.8	…	…
November		…	…	…	…	6.8	…	…
December		…	…	…	…	0.5	…	…

Monthly change (in percent):

January		…	…	…	…	-1.3	1.0	…
February		…	…	…	-9.6	-8.5	-17.1	…
March		…	…	…	13.9	0.7	10.4	…
April		…	…	…	6.5	11.4	13.7	…
May		…	…	…	6.5	1.8	1.3	…
June		…	…	…	3.8	-1.6	2.9	…
July		…	…	…	4.8	4.9	0.3	…
August		…	…	…	-2.3	15.5	8.4	…
September		…	…	…	3.3	-7.9	-3.6	…
October		…	…	…	-2.1	4.1	…	…
November		…	…	…	-10.2	-12.7	…	…
December		…	…	…	3.8	-2.4	…	…

Sources: Central Bank of Jordan; and the Department of Statistics.

^{^1/}Only yearly data for 1990–92 are available.

^{^2/}Based on the first eight months.

Table 7.

Jordan: Industrial Production Index, 1990–96 ^1/

(1988=100)

		1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 ^2/
January		…	…	…	106.0	122.4	125.9	115.8
February		…	…	…	95.8	112.0	104.4	111.7
March		…	…	…	109.1	112.8	115.3	122.6
April		…	…	…	116.2	125.7	131.1	126.9
May		…	…	…	123.7	128.0	132.8	133.0
June		…	…	…	128.4	125.9	136.6	134.8
July		…	…	…	134.6	132.1	137.0	143.4
August		…	…	…	131.5	152.6	148.5	135.5
September		…	…	…	135.9	140.5	143.2	…
October		…	…	…	133.1	146.2	154.9	…
November		…	…	…	119.5	127.6	133.5	…
December		…	…	…	124.0	124.6	130.2	…

Annual average		106.8	100.1	113.0	121.5	129.2	132.8	85.3
	percent change	2.7	-6.3	12.9	7.5	6.4	2.8	-35.8

12-months change (in percent):
January		…	…	…	…	15.5	2.9	…
February		…	…	…	…	16.9	-6.8	…
March		…	…	…	…	3.4	2.2	…
April		…	…	…	…	8.2	4.3	…
May		…	…	…	…	3.5	3.8	…
June		…	…	…	…	-1.9	8.5	…
July		…	…	…	…	-1.9	3.7	…
August		…	…	…	…	16.0	-2.7	…
September		…	…	…	…	3.4	1.9	…
October		…	…	…	…	9.8	…	…
November		…	…	…	…	6.8	…	…
December		…	…	…	…	0.5	…	…

Monthly change (in percent):

January		…	…	…	…	-1.3	1.0	…
February		…	…	…	-9.6	-8.5	-17.1	…
March		…	…	…	13.9	0.7	10.4	…
April		…	…	…	6.5	11.4	13.7	…
May		…	…	…	6.5	1.8	1.3	…
June		…	…	…	3.8	-1.6	2.9	…
July		…	…	…	4.8	4.9	0.3	…
August		…	…	…	-2.3	15.5	8.4	…
September		…	…	…	3.3	-7.9	-3.6	…
October		…	…	…	-2.1	4.1	…	…
November		…	…	…	-10.2	-12.7	…	…
December		…	…	…	3.8	-2.4	…	…

Sources: Central Bank of Jordan; and the Department of Statistics.

^{^1/}Only yearly data for 1990–92 are available.

^{^2/}Based on the first eight months.

Table 8.

Jordan: Output by Major Industries, 1990–96

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Including clinker in 1990–94.

Table 8.

Jordan: Output by Major Industries, 1990–96

	Units	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 August
Phosphate	1,000 ton	5,748.1	4,934.0	5,270.8	4,282.6	4,216.5	4,983.9	3,544.2
Potash	1,000 ton	1,415.1	1,364.1	1,346.0	1,370.1	1,550.3	1,780.0	1,114.5
Fertilizers	1,000 ton	595.8	602.1	553.6	469.9	749.7	729.3	422.1
Cement ^1/	1,000 ton	2,786.5	2,751.5	2,746.0	3,078.9	3,076.0	3,151.9	1,926.9
Petroleum products	1,000 ton	2,593.8	2,307.2	2,839.6	2,814.5	2,917.9	3,100.7	2,108.2
Sole leather and wool	Ton	87.9	34.2	49.0	59.3	49.5	51.3	37.4
Upper leather	1,000 sq ft	1,878.3	2,264.2	2,639.7	2,587.1	2,196.4	2,519.6	1,305.7
Detergents	1,000 ton	32.5	39.9	34.3	32.4	23.5	21.7	11.7
Liquid batteries	1,000 batteries	59.5	85.1	86.7	77.4	72.4	70.4	38.8
Cigarettes	Million cigarettes	3,184.8	3,718.5	3,091.0	3,465.0	4,114.5	3,666.6	1,931.8
Spirits and alcoholic beverages	1,000 liter	6,814.4	6,280.4	6,285.1	6,572.1	6,453.6	6,846.5	5,196.3
Paper and cardboard	1,000 ton	22.6	21.2	17.0	16.0	17.6	13.7	12.8
Electricity	Million kwh	3,284.8	3,395.0	4,062.8	4,435.2	4,728.1	5,252.3	3,751.3
Iron	1,000 ton	179.1	200.3	234.7	181.4	156.7	151.2	117.0
Textiles	1,000 yard	1,436.7	1,084.1	1,100.8	1,142.0	1,051.9	1,744.9	1,132.4
Fodder	1,000 ton	47.0	47.4	53.5	43.7	50.2	54.3	35.3

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Including clinker in 1990–94.

Table 8.

Jordan: Output by Major Industries, 1990–96

	Units	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 August
Phosphate	1,000 ton	5,748.1	4,934.0	5,270.8	4,282.6	4,216.5	4,983.9	3,544.2
Potash	1,000 ton	1,415.1	1,364.1	1,346.0	1,370.1	1,550.3	1,780.0	1,114.5
Fertilizers	1,000 ton	595.8	602.1	553.6	469.9	749.7	729.3	422.1
Cement ^1/	1,000 ton	2,786.5	2,751.5	2,746.0	3,078.9	3,076.0	3,151.9	1,926.9
Petroleum products	1,000 ton	2,593.8	2,307.2	2,839.6	2,814.5	2,917.9	3,100.7	2,108.2
Sole leather and wool	Ton	87.9	34.2	49.0	59.3	49.5	51.3	37.4
Upper leather	1,000 sq ft	1,878.3	2,264.2	2,639.7	2,587.1	2,196.4	2,519.6	1,305.7
Detergents	1,000 ton	32.5	39.9	34.3	32.4	23.5	21.7	11.7
Liquid batteries	1,000 batteries	59.5	85.1	86.7	77.4	72.4	70.4	38.8
Cigarettes	Million cigarettes	3,184.8	3,718.5	3,091.0	3,465.0	4,114.5	3,666.6	1,931.8
Spirits and alcoholic beverages	1,000 liter	6,814.4	6,280.4	6,285.1	6,572.1	6,453.6	6,846.5	5,196.3
Paper and cardboard	1,000 ton	22.6	21.2	17.0	16.0	17.6	13.7	12.8
Electricity	Million kwh	3,284.8	3,395.0	4,062.8	4,435.2	4,728.1	5,252.3	3,751.3
Iron	1,000 ton	179.1	200.3	234.7	181.4	156.7	151.2	117.0
Textiles	1,000 yard	1,436.7	1,084.1	1,100.8	1,142.0	1,051.9	1,744.9	1,132.4
Fodder	1,000 ton	47.0	47.4	53.5	43.7	50.2	54.3	35.3

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Including clinker in 1990–94.

Table 9.

Jordan: Construction Activity, 1991–96

(Area in thousands of square meters)

Source: Jordan Engineers Association.

^{^1/}For the first nine months.

Table 9.

Jordan: Construction Activity, 1991–96

(Area in thousands of square meters)

	Residential		Other		Total
	Permits issued	Area	Permits issued	Area	Permits issued	Area
Year
1991	17,160	4,261.7	89	110.2	17,249	4,371.9
1992	21,180	6,459.0	11	37.5	21,191	6,496.5
1993	14,285	3,071.5	2,184	1,134.0	16,469	4,205.5
1994	16,000	3,683.8	2,351	1,191.3	18,351	4,875.1
1995	16,430	4,020.7	2,128	1,124.2	18,558	5,144.9
1996 ^1/	11,289	3,180.4	1,292	754.1	12,581	3,934.5

Source: Jordan Engineers Association.

^{^1/}For the first nine months.

Table 9.

Jordan: Construction Activity, 1991–96

(Area in thousands of square meters)

	Residential		Other		Total
	Permits issued	Area	Permits issued	Area	Permits issued	Area
Year
1991	17,160	4,261.7	89	110.2	17,249	4,371.9
1992	21,180	6,459.0	11	37.5	21,191	6,496.5
1993	14,285	3,071.5	2,184	1,134.0	16,469	4,205.5
1994	16,000	3,683.8	2,351	1,191.3	18,351	4,875.1
1995	16,430	4,020.7	2,128	1,124.2	18,558	5,144.9
1996 ^1/	11,289	3,180.4	1,292	754.1	12,581	3,934.5

Source: Jordan Engineers Association.

^{^1/}For the first nine months.

Table 10.

Jordan: New Registrations and Capital Investment, 1992–96

Source: Ministry of Industry and Trade.

^{^1/}For the first nine months.

^{^2/}Including capital of the National Electric Power Company amounted to JD 230 million.

Table 10.

Jordan: New Registrations and Capital Investment, 1992–96

	1992		1993		1994		1995		1996 ^1/
	Numbers of companies	Capital JD million	Numbers of companies	Capital JD million	Numbers of companies	Capital JD million	Numbers of companies	Capital JD million	Numbers of companies	Capital JD million
Sectors
Agriculture	19	1.6	21	2.5	10	0.5	3	4.1	1	4.0
Industry	813	101.0	668	146.8	648	182.3	545	157.4	251	24.1
Construction	177	8.2	140	8.1	145	11.1	143	10.8	57	4.7
Trade	2,447	27.0	2,243	33.1	2,302	73.0	2,883	144.8	2,319	101.3
Other Services	1,100	24.8	1,337	52.0	1,357	141.5	809	94.9	873	310.7 ^2/
Total	4,556	162.6	4,409	242.5	4,462	408.4	4,383	412.0	3,501	444.8 ^2/

Source: Ministry of Industry and Trade.

^{^1/}For the first nine months.

^{^2/}Including capital of the National Electric Power Company amounted to JD 230 million.

Table 10.

Jordan: New Registrations and Capital Investment, 1992–96

	1992		1993		1994		1995		1996 ^1/
	Numbers of companies	Capital JD million	Numbers of companies	Capital JD million	Numbers of companies	Capital JD million	Numbers of companies	Capital JD million	Numbers of companies	Capital JD million
Sectors
Agriculture	19	1.6	21	2.5	10	0.5	3	4.1	1	4.0
Industry	813	101.0	668	146.8	648	182.3	545	157.4	251	24.1
Construction	177	8.2	140	8.1	145	11.1	143	10.8	57	4.7
Trade	2,447	27.0	2,243	33.1	2,302	73.0	2,883	144.8	2,319	101.3
Other Services	1,100	24.8	1,337	52.0	1,357	141.5	809	94.9	873	310.7 ^2/
Total	4,556	162.6	4,409	242.5	4,462	408.4	4,383	412.0	3,501	444.8 ^2/

Source: Ministry of Industry and Trade.

^{^1/}For the first nine months.

^{^2/}Including capital of the National Electric Power Company amounted to JD 230 million.

Table 11.

Jordan: Government Finances, 1990–96

Sources: Ministry of Finance and Customs, and staff estimates.

^{^1/}Commitment basis.

^{^2/}Cash basis.

Table 11.

Jordan: Government Finances, 1990–96

				1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	Est. 1996
				(In millions of Jordan dinars)
Total revenue and foreign grants				1,026.5	1,052.8	1,313.0	1,351.7	1,421.9	1,612.1	1,777.6
	Revenue			734.8	805.2	1,175.6	1,191.5	1,246.4	1,442.4	1,547.7
		Tax revenue		395.9	420.1	646.0	643.4	694.4	763.2	877.0
		Nontax revenue		338.9	385.1	529.6	548.1	552.0	679.2	670.7
	Foreign grants			291.7	247.6	137.4	160.2	175.5	169.7	229.9
Total expenditure				1,223.8	1,300.6	1,287.3	1,414.0	1,504.2	1,689.0	1,785.5
	Current expenditure			976.2	1,028.1	1,099.4	1,182.3	1,251.5	1,378.4	1,450.5
		Of which: external interest ^1/		231.3	247.0	285.5	220.6	195.4	212.6	202.7
	Capital expenditure			159.5	167.7	203.1	253.8	272.7	319.3	350.6
	Net lending			2.2	-35.8	-15.2	-22.1	-20.0	-8.7	-15.6
	Extrabudgetary expenditure			85.9	140.6	--	--	--	--	--
Overall balance (excluding grants) ^1/				-489.0	-495.4	-111.7	-222.5	-257.7	-246.6	-237.8
Rescheduled interest				--	--	75.0	74.5	94.1	50.0	51.1
Cash balance (including grants) ^2/				-197.3	-247.8	100.7	12.2	11.9	-26.9	43.2
Financing				197.3	247.8	-100.7	-12.2	-11.9	26.9	-43.2
	Foreign (net)			210.5	24.0	44.0	140.4	41.1	186.1	181.7
		Loans minus repayments		-136.5	-26.0	-183.8	-192.9	-142.9	-14.1	-2.5
			Loans	249.7	386.1	215.6	111.0	139.5	305.3	327.0
			Repayments ^1/	386.2	412.1	399.4	303.9	282.4	319.4	329.5
		Debt relief		347.0	50.0	227.8	333.3	184.0	200.2	184.2
	Domestic (net)			-101.9	-61.4	88.1	11.7	-28.4	-157.7	-223.1
		Banking system		-122.5	-90.7	73.1	-3.3	…	…	-228.1
		Nonbank sources		20.6	29.3	15.0	15.0	…	…	5.0
	Change in overdue obligations			88.7	285.2	-123.9	-20.2	--	…	…
		Principal		--	179.2	--	…	--	…	…
		Interest		88.7	106.0	-123.9	…	--	…	…
	Cost of external debt buyback/restructuring			--	--	-109.0	-144.0	-24.5	-1.5	-1.8
				(In percent of GDP)
Revenue				27.5	28.2	33.7	31.3	29.7	31.0	30.1
Foreign grants				10.9	8.7	3.9	4.2	4.2	3.6	4.5
Expenditure				45.9	45.6	36.9	37.2	35.8	36.3	34.7
	Of which: military expenditure			9.6	9.4	8.3	8.4	8.3	8.4	8.2
Expenditure, excluding interest				35.5	35.0	27.8	30.6	30.2	31.0	30.4
Current balance				-9.0	-7.8	2.2	0.2	-0.1	1.4	1.9
Overall balance (excluding foreign grants) ^1/				-18.3	-17.4	-3.2	-5.9	-6.1	-5.3	-4.6
Primary balance (excluding foreign grants) ^1/				-8.0	-6.8	5.9	0.7	-0.6	0.0	-0.3
				(In millions of Jordan dinars)
GDP at market prices				2,668.3	2,855.1	3,493.0	3,801.7	4,201.3	4,654.6	5,146.7

Sources: Ministry of Finance and Customs, and staff estimates.

^{^1/}Commitment basis.

^{^2/}Cash basis.

Table 11.

Jordan: Government Finances, 1990–96

				1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	Est. 1996
				(In millions of Jordan dinars)
Total revenue and foreign grants				1,026.5	1,052.8	1,313.0	1,351.7	1,421.9	1,612.1	1,777.6
	Revenue			734.8	805.2	1,175.6	1,191.5	1,246.4	1,442.4	1,547.7
		Tax revenue		395.9	420.1	646.0	643.4	694.4	763.2	877.0
		Nontax revenue		338.9	385.1	529.6	548.1	552.0	679.2	670.7
	Foreign grants			291.7	247.6	137.4	160.2	175.5	169.7	229.9
Total expenditure				1,223.8	1,300.6	1,287.3	1,414.0	1,504.2	1,689.0	1,785.5
	Current expenditure			976.2	1,028.1	1,099.4	1,182.3	1,251.5	1,378.4	1,450.5
		Of which: external interest ^1/		231.3	247.0	285.5	220.6	195.4	212.6	202.7
	Capital expenditure			159.5	167.7	203.1	253.8	272.7	319.3	350.6
	Net lending			2.2	-35.8	-15.2	-22.1	-20.0	-8.7	-15.6
	Extrabudgetary expenditure			85.9	140.6	--	--	--	--	--
Overall balance (excluding grants) ^1/				-489.0	-495.4	-111.7	-222.5	-257.7	-246.6	-237.8
Rescheduled interest				--	--	75.0	74.5	94.1	50.0	51.1
Cash balance (including grants) ^2/				-197.3	-247.8	100.7	12.2	11.9	-26.9	43.2
Financing				197.3	247.8	-100.7	-12.2	-11.9	26.9	-43.2
	Foreign (net)			210.5	24.0	44.0	140.4	41.1	186.1	181.7
		Loans minus repayments		-136.5	-26.0	-183.8	-192.9	-142.9	-14.1	-2.5
			Loans	249.7	386.1	215.6	111.0	139.5	305.3	327.0
			Repayments ^1/	386.2	412.1	399.4	303.9	282.4	319.4	329.5
		Debt relief		347.0	50.0	227.8	333.3	184.0	200.2	184.2
	Domestic (net)			-101.9	-61.4	88.1	11.7	-28.4	-157.7	-223.1
		Banking system		-122.5	-90.7	73.1	-3.3	…	…	-228.1
		Nonbank sources		20.6	29.3	15.0	15.0	…	…	5.0
	Change in overdue obligations			88.7	285.2	-123.9	-20.2	--	…	…
		Principal		--	179.2	--	…	--	…	…
		Interest		88.7	106.0	-123.9	…	--	…	…
	Cost of external debt buyback/restructuring			--	--	-109.0	-144.0	-24.5	-1.5	-1.8
				(In percent of GDP)
Revenue				27.5	28.2	33.7	31.3	29.7	31.0	30.1
Foreign grants				10.9	8.7	3.9	4.2	4.2	3.6	4.5
Expenditure				45.9	45.6	36.9	37.2	35.8	36.3	34.7
	Of which: military expenditure			9.6	9.4	8.3	8.4	8.3	8.4	8.2
Expenditure, excluding interest				35.5	35.0	27.8	30.6	30.2	31.0	30.4
Current balance				-9.0	-7.8	2.2	0.2	-0.1	1.4	1.9
Overall balance (excluding foreign grants) ^1/				-18.3	-17.4	-3.2	-5.9	-6.1	-5.3	-4.6
Primary balance (excluding foreign grants) ^1/				-8.0	-6.8	5.9	0.7	-0.6	0.0	-0.3
				(In millions of Jordan dinars)
GDP at market prices				2,668.3	2,855.1	3,493.0	3,801.7	4,201.3	4,654.6	5,146.7

Sources: Ministry of Finance and Customs, and staff estimates.

^{^1/}Commitment basis.

^{^2/}Cash basis.

Table 12.

Jordan: Government Revenue, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

Sources: Ministry of Finance and Customs, and staff estimates.

Table 12.

Jordan: Government Revenue, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	Est. 1996
Total revenue			734.8	805.2	1,175.6	1,191.5	1,246.4	1,442.4	1,547.7

Tax revenue			395.9	420.1	646.0	643.4	694.4	763.2	877.0
	Taxes on income and profits		114.1	92.8	109.5	118.8	136.6	152.4	175.0
		Corporations	88.4	64.2	72.7	72.0	81.4	90.7	123.5
		Individuals	16.1	18.4	24.5	30.7	35.1	37.9	38.7
		Salaried employees	9.6	10.2	12.3	16.1	20.2	23.8	12.8
	Taxes on domestic transactions		120.3	130.1	181.8	2242	274.3	330.3	394.1
		Excise duties/consumption tax/GST	90.4	96.1	138.4	174.3	222.4	268.7	328.0
		Other taxes	29.9	34.0	43.3	49.9	51.8	61.6	66.1
	Taxes on foreign trade		116.7	136.2	286.4	237.7	222.4	210.5	232.0
		Customs duties	112.3	125.2	212.9	229.7	216.8	204.1	225.0
		Duties on returnees’ cars	--	5.1	65.0	--	--	--	--
		Fines and forfeits	4.4	5.9	8.5	8.0	5.6	6.4	7.0
	Additional tax		32.8	42.4	61.7	62.7	61.1	70.0	75.9
		Imports	21.3	29.7	46.9	47.3	46.3	53.8	58.0
		Other	11.5	12.7	14.8	15.4	14.8	16.2	17.9
	Tax on Jordanians working abroad		12.0	18.6	6.7	--	--	--	--

Nontax revenue			338.9	385.1	529.6	548.1	552.0	6792	670.7
	Licenses		36.3	45.7	70.5	62.0	63.4	66.0	75.0
	Fees		71.7	83.3	104.9	113.3	125.5	150.9	163.0
	Revenue from post and telephone		80.6	89.1	120.3	135.9	161.3	175.3	186.7
	Interest and profits		59.8	69.0	67.2	64.5	43.0	30.1	14.7
		Interest	20.0	19.5	17.8	21.1	16.0	13.5	15.0
		Profits	39.8	49.5	49.4	43.4	27.0	16.6	-0.3
	Miscellaneous		90.5	98.0	166.8	172.4	158.9	256.9	231.3

Sources: Ministry of Finance and Customs, and staff estimates.

Table 12.

Jordan: Government Revenue, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	Est. 1996
Total revenue			734.8	805.2	1,175.6	1,191.5	1,246.4	1,442.4	1,547.7

Tax revenue			395.9	420.1	646.0	643.4	694.4	763.2	877.0
	Taxes on income and profits		114.1	92.8	109.5	118.8	136.6	152.4	175.0
		Corporations	88.4	64.2	72.7	72.0	81.4	90.7	123.5
		Individuals	16.1	18.4	24.5	30.7	35.1	37.9	38.7
		Salaried employees	9.6	10.2	12.3	16.1	20.2	23.8	12.8
	Taxes on domestic transactions		120.3	130.1	181.8	2242	274.3	330.3	394.1
		Excise duties/consumption tax/GST	90.4	96.1	138.4	174.3	222.4	268.7	328.0
		Other taxes	29.9	34.0	43.3	49.9	51.8	61.6	66.1
	Taxes on foreign trade		116.7	136.2	286.4	237.7	222.4	210.5	232.0
		Customs duties	112.3	125.2	212.9	229.7	216.8	204.1	225.0
		Duties on returnees’ cars	--	5.1	65.0	--	--	--	--
		Fines and forfeits	4.4	5.9	8.5	8.0	5.6	6.4	7.0
	Additional tax		32.8	42.4	61.7	62.7	61.1	70.0	75.9
		Imports	21.3	29.7	46.9	47.3	46.3	53.8	58.0
		Other	11.5	12.7	14.8	15.4	14.8	16.2	17.9
	Tax on Jordanians working abroad		12.0	18.6	6.7	--	--	--	--

Nontax revenue			338.9	385.1	529.6	548.1	552.0	6792	670.7
	Licenses		36.3	45.7	70.5	62.0	63.4	66.0	75.0
	Fees		71.7	83.3	104.9	113.3	125.5	150.9	163.0
	Revenue from post and telephone		80.6	89.1	120.3	135.9	161.3	175.3	186.7
	Interest and profits		59.8	69.0	67.2	64.5	43.0	30.1	14.7
		Interest	20.0	19.5	17.8	21.1	16.0	13.5	15.0
		Profits	39.8	49.5	49.4	43.4	27.0	16.6	-0.3
	Miscellaneous		90.5	98.0	166.8	172.4	158.9	256.9	231.3

Sources: Ministry of Finance and Customs, and staff estimates.

Table 13.

Jordan: Government Expenditure, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

Sources: Ministry of Finance and Customs, and staff estimates.

Table 13.

Jordan: Government Expenditure, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

				1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	Est. 1996
Total expenditure				1,223.8	1,300.6	1,287.3	1,414.0	1,504.2	1,689.0	1,785.5
	Current expenditure			976.2	1,028.1	1,099.4	1,182.3	1,251.5	1,378.4	1,450.5
		Wages and salaries		163.6	186.2	210.0	247.0	276.3	320.4	349.3
		Purchases of goods and services		42.4	61.1	69.7	101.1	93.0	93.0	95.2
		Interest payments		276.0	300.8	317.9	251.0	234.5	247.6	222.7
			Internal	44.7	53.8	32.4	30.3	39.1	35.0	25.0
			External	231.3	247.0	285.5	220.6	195.4	212.6	202.7
		Subsidies		88.1	61.2	57.4	53.6	43.1	63.8	101.8
			Food	83.5	61.2	57.4	53.6	43.1	63.8	101.8
			Fuel	4.0	--	--	--	--	--	--
			Other	0.6	--	--	--	--	--	--
		Other transfers		133.1	130.4	139.7	190.7	285.7	249.3	243.3
			Pensions	83.0	87.7	107.5	140.4	147.7	189.0	189.0
			Social security	3.9	3.9	4.4	4.3	5.0	5.2	6.0
			Decentralized agencies	44.1	29.8	24.3	36.2	45.0	48.2	41.5
			Relief operations	2.1	9.0	3.4	9.7	38.0	6.9	6.8
		Other		16.7	18.7	15.6	17.9	20.7	17.6	21.0
		Military expenditure		256.3	269.7	289.5	321.0	348.2	386.7	417.2
	Capital expenditure			159.5	167.7	203.1	253.8	272.7	319.3	350.6
	Net lending			2.2	(35.8)	(15.2)	(22.1)	(20.0)	(8.7)	(15.6)
		Gross lending		31.8	22.2	37.2	29.5	35.4	39.4	39.4
		Repayments		(29.6)	(58.0)	(52.4)	(51.5)	(55.4)	(48.1)	(55.0)
	Extrabudgetary expenditure			85.9	140.6	--	--	--	--	--

Sources: Ministry of Finance and Customs, and staff estimates.

Table 13.

Jordan: Government Expenditure, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

				1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	Est. 1996
Total expenditure				1,223.8	1,300.6	1,287.3	1,414.0	1,504.2	1,689.0	1,785.5
	Current expenditure			976.2	1,028.1	1,099.4	1,182.3	1,251.5	1,378.4	1,450.5
		Wages and salaries		163.6	186.2	210.0	247.0	276.3	320.4	349.3
		Purchases of goods and services		42.4	61.1	69.7	101.1	93.0	93.0	95.2
		Interest payments		276.0	300.8	317.9	251.0	234.5	247.6	222.7
			Internal	44.7	53.8	32.4	30.3	39.1	35.0	25.0
			External	231.3	247.0	285.5	220.6	195.4	212.6	202.7
		Subsidies		88.1	61.2	57.4	53.6	43.1	63.8	101.8
			Food	83.5	61.2	57.4	53.6	43.1	63.8	101.8
			Fuel	4.0	--	--	--	--	--	--
			Other	0.6	--	--	--	--	--	--
		Other transfers		133.1	130.4	139.7	190.7	285.7	249.3	243.3
			Pensions	83.0	87.7	107.5	140.4	147.7	189.0	189.0
			Social security	3.9	3.9	4.4	4.3	5.0	5.2	6.0
			Decentralized agencies	44.1	29.8	24.3	36.2	45.0	48.2	41.5
			Relief operations	2.1	9.0	3.4	9.7	38.0	6.9	6.8
		Other		16.7	18.7	15.6	17.9	20.7	17.6	21.0
		Military expenditure		256.3	269.7	289.5	321.0	348.2	386.7	417.2
	Capital expenditure			159.5	167.7	203.1	253.8	272.7	319.3	350.6
	Net lending			2.2	(35.8)	(15.2)	(22.1)	(20.0)	(8.7)	(15.6)
		Gross lending		31.8	22.2	37.2	29.5	35.4	39.4	39.4
		Repayments		(29.6)	(58.0)	(52.4)	(51.5)	(55.4)	(48.1)	(55.0)
	Extrabudgetary expenditure			85.9	140.6	--	--	--	--	--

Sources: Ministry of Finance and Customs, and staff estimates.

Table 14.

Jordan: Central Government Budget--Capital Expenditure and Net Lending by Function, 1990–96

Sources: Ministry of Finance and Customs, and staff estimates.

Table 14.

Jordan: Central Government Budget--Capital Expenditure and Net Lending by Function, 1990–96

	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	Est. 1996
	(In millions of Jordan dinars)
Total capital expenditure and net lending	161.7	131.9	187.9	231.7	252.7	310.6	335.0
General public services	21.9	5.1	35.1	63.6	62.3	76.7	78.7
Social services	10.4	7.6	24.4	29.9	23.8	28.6	29.1
Economic services	129.4	119.2	128.4	138.2	166.6	205.3	227.2
	(In percent of total capital expenditure and net lending)
General public services	13.6	3.9	18.7	27.5	24.7	24.7	23.5
Social services	6.4	5.8	13.0	12.9	9.4	9.2	8.7
Economic services	80.0	90.3	68.3	59.6	65.9	66.1	67.8

Sources: Ministry of Finance and Customs, and staff estimates.

Table 14.

Jordan: Central Government Budget--Capital Expenditure and Net Lending by Function, 1990–96

	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	Est. 1996
	(In millions of Jordan dinars)
Total capital expenditure and net lending	161.7	131.9	187.9	231.7	252.7	310.6	335.0
General public services	21.9	5.1	35.1	63.6	62.3	76.7	78.7
Social services	10.4	7.6	24.4	29.9	23.8	28.6	29.1
Economic services	129.4	119.2	128.4	138.2	166.6	205.3	227.2
	(In percent of total capital expenditure and net lending)
General public services	13.6	3.9	18.7	27.5	24.7	24.7	23.5
Social services	6.4	5.8	13.0	12.9	9.4	9.2	8.7
Economic services	80.0	90.3	68.3	59.6	65.9	66.1	67.8

Sources: Ministry of Finance and Customs, and staff estimates.

Table 15.

Jordan: Food Subsidies, 1990–96 ^1/

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

Sources: Ministry of Supply, and Ministry of Finance and Customs.

^{^1/}Negative sign indicates subsidy.

Table 15.

Jordan: Food Subsidies, 1990–96 ^1/

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

Item			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	Est. 1996
Wheat			-42.4	-34.7	-38.8	-43.3	-39.5	-53.7	-49.1
Barley			-9.4	-7.0	-8.3	-9.0	-3.3	-1.8	-15.4
Rice			-8.3	-5.2	-5.3	-6.7	-4.8	-7.1	-10.0
Sugar			-18.6	-2.4	1.8	2.7	-0.5	-4.1	-8.8
Meat			-1.4	--	--	--	--	--	--
Other			-3.4	-11.9	-6.8	2.7	4.9	2.9	2.1
Cash payments			--	--	--	--	--	--	-20.5
	Surplus (+) or subsidy (–)		-83.5	-61.2	-57.4	-53.6	-43.1	-63.8	-101.8
Memorandum item:
	Total food subsidies
		(As percent of GDP)	3.1	2.1	1.6	1.4	1.0	1.4	2.0

Sources: Ministry of Supply, and Ministry of Finance and Customs.

^{^1/}Negative sign indicates subsidy.

Table 15.

Jordan: Food Subsidies, 1990–96 ^1/

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

Item			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	Est. 1996
Wheat			-42.4	-34.7	-38.8	-43.3	-39.5	-53.7	-49.1
Barley			-9.4	-7.0	-8.3	-9.0	-3.3	-1.8	-15.4
Rice			-8.3	-5.2	-5.3	-6.7	-4.8	-7.1	-10.0
Sugar			-18.6	-2.4	1.8	2.7	-0.5	-4.1	-8.8
Meat			-1.4	--	--	--	--	--	--
Other			-3.4	-11.9	-6.8	2.7	4.9	2.9	2.1
Cash payments			--	--	--	--	--	--	-20.5
	Surplus (+) or subsidy (–)		-83.5	-61.2	-57.4	-53.6	-43.1	-63.8	-101.8
Memorandum item:
	Total food subsidies
		(As percent of GDP)	3.1	2.1	1.6	1.4	1.0	1.4	2.0

Sources: Ministry of Supply, and Ministry of Finance and Customs.

^{^1/}Negative sign indicates subsidy.

Table 16.

Jordan: Food Subsidies and Cash Transfers, 1995–96

Sources: Ministry of Supply, and Ministry of Finance and Customs.

^{^1/}From 1/1/96 to 8/12/96.

^{^2/}From 8/13/96 to 12/31/96.

^{^3/}From 1/1/96 to 7/31/96.

^{^4/}From 8/1/96 to 12/31/96.

^{^5/}In August 1996 cash payments were introduced to compensate for the elimination of wheat and barley subsidies.

Table 16.

Jordan: Food Subsidies and Cash Transfers, 1995–96

		1995						Est. 1996
		Consumption (In 1000 units) Quantity	Purchase Cost JD/Unit	Additional Cost JD/Unit	Cost to Retailer JD/Unit	Selling Price JD/Unit	Total Subsidy Mill JD	Consumption (In 1000 units) Quantity	Purchase Cost JD/Unit	Additional Cost JD/Unit	Cost to Retailer JD/Unit	Selling Price JD/Unit	Total Subsidy Mill JD
Wheat (ton)
	Imported							400.0 ^1/	150.0	12.5	162.5	42.0	-48.2
	Imported	602.0	110.0	12.0	122.0	42.0	-48.1	126.0 ^2/	134.0	12.5	146.5	151.2	0.6
	Domestic (A)	30.5	165.0	1.0	166.0	42.0	-3.8	29.0	200.0	0.4	200.4	151.8	-1.4
	Domestic (B)	18.0	165.0	1.0	166.0	66.8	-1.8	9.0	165.0	0.4	165.4	151.8	-0.1
Barley (ton)
	Imported							370.0 ^3/	110.0	13.5	123.5	85.0	-14.2
	Imported	502.0	66.0	13.0	79.0	77.5	-0.8	178.0 ^4/	110.0	13.5	123.5	120.0	-0.6
	Domestic	26.0	125.0	0.4	125.4	88.5	-1.1	14.0	160.0	0.4	160.4	120.0	-0.6
Sugar (ton)
	Subsidized	74.0	260.0	14.0	274.0	130.0	-10.7	75.0	286.0	15.0	301.0	130.0	-12.8
	Market price	100.0	260.0	14.0	274.0	340.0	6.6	103.0	286.0	15.0	301.0	340.0	4.0
Rice (ton)
	Subsidized	68.0	250.0	14.0	264.0	150.0	-7.8	68.0	290.0	15.0	305.0	150.0	-10.5
	Market price	7.0	250.0	14.0	264.0	360.0	0.7	9.0	290.0	15.0	305.0	360.0	0.5
Milk (cart)
	Subsidized	773.0	19.0	0.5	19.5	12.7	-5.2	774.0	20.5	0.5	21.0	12.7	-6.4
Net surplus from other commodities and operations		--	--	--	--	--	8.1	--	--	--	--	--	8.5
Total food subsidies							-63.8						-81.3
Cash transfers ^5/							--						-20.5
	Wheat						--						-18.0
	Barley						--						-2.5
Total subsides and cash transfers							-63.8						-101.8

Sources: Ministry of Supply, and Ministry of Finance and Customs.

^{^1/}From 1/1/96 to 8/12/96.

^{^2/}From 8/13/96 to 12/31/96.

^{^3/}From 1/1/96 to 7/31/96.

^{^4/}From 8/1/96 to 12/31/96.

^{^5/}In August 1996 cash payments were introduced to compensate for the elimination of wheat and barley subsidies.

Table 16.

Jordan: Food Subsidies and Cash Transfers, 1995–96

		1995						Est. 1996
		Consumption (In 1000 units) Quantity	Purchase Cost JD/Unit	Additional Cost JD/Unit	Cost to Retailer JD/Unit	Selling Price JD/Unit	Total Subsidy Mill JD	Consumption (In 1000 units) Quantity	Purchase Cost JD/Unit	Additional Cost JD/Unit	Cost to Retailer JD/Unit	Selling Price JD/Unit	Total Subsidy Mill JD
Wheat (ton)
	Imported							400.0 ^1/	150.0	12.5	162.5	42.0	-48.2
	Imported	602.0	110.0	12.0	122.0	42.0	-48.1	126.0 ^2/	134.0	12.5	146.5	151.2	0.6
	Domestic (A)	30.5	165.0	1.0	166.0	42.0	-3.8	29.0	200.0	0.4	200.4	151.8	-1.4
	Domestic (B)	18.0	165.0	1.0	166.0	66.8	-1.8	9.0	165.0	0.4	165.4	151.8	-0.1
Barley (ton)
	Imported							370.0 ^3/	110.0	13.5	123.5	85.0	-14.2
	Imported	502.0	66.0	13.0	79.0	77.5	-0.8	178.0 ^4/	110.0	13.5	123.5	120.0	-0.6
	Domestic	26.0	125.0	0.4	125.4	88.5	-1.1	14.0	160.0	0.4	160.4	120.0	-0.6
Sugar (ton)
	Subsidized	74.0	260.0	14.0	274.0	130.0	-10.7	75.0	286.0	15.0	301.0	130.0	-12.8
	Market price	100.0	260.0	14.0	274.0	340.0	6.6	103.0	286.0	15.0	301.0	340.0	4.0
Rice (ton)
	Subsidized	68.0	250.0	14.0	264.0	150.0	-7.8	68.0	290.0	15.0	305.0	150.0	-10.5
	Market price	7.0	250.0	14.0	264.0	360.0	0.7	9.0	290.0	15.0	305.0	360.0	0.5
Milk (cart)
	Subsidized	773.0	19.0	0.5	19.5	12.7	-5.2	774.0	20.5	0.5	21.0	12.7	-6.4
Net surplus from other commodities and operations		--	--	--	--	--	8.1	--	--	--	--	--	8.5
Total food subsidies							-63.8						-81.3
Cash transfers ^5/							--						-20.5
	Wheat						--						-18.0
	Barley						--						-2.5
Total subsides and cash transfers							-63.8						-101.8

Sources: Ministry of Supply, and Ministry of Finance and Customs.

^{^1/}From 1/1/96 to 8/12/96.

^{^2/}From 8/13/96 to 12/31/96.

^{^3/}From 1/1/96 to 7/31/96.

^{^4/}From 8/1/96 to 12/31/96.

^{^5/}In August 1996 cash payments were introduced to compensate for the elimination of wheat and barley subsidies.

Table 17.

Jordan: Outstanding Public Sector Domestic Debt, 1990–96 ^1/

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Central government and public corporations.

Table 17.

Jordan: Outstanding Public Sector Domestic Debt, 1990–96 ^1/

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

End of Period				1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	Nov. 1996
Central Government				1,019.2	1,021.4	1,004.2	1,106.5	1,144.0	928.8	959.4
	Treasury bills			217.1	242.0	256.0	251.0	251.0	30.0	35.4
		Banking system		216.6	238.0	236.0	251.0	251.0	28.0	--
			Central Bank of Jordan	18.8	--	--	42.3	126.5	--	--
			Commercial banks	197.8	238.0	236.0	208.7	124.5	28.0	--
		Other holders		0.5	4.0	20.0	--	--	2.0	35.4
	Government bonds and notes			134.5	156.5	540.5	540.5	540.5	540.5	540.5
		Banking system		67.9	64.1	449.3	450.2	448.9	446.8	448.9
			Central Bank of Jordan	13.1	0.6	390.2	390.7	396.5	404.0	405.6
			Commercial banks	54.8	63.5	59.1	59.5	52.4	42.8	43.3
		Other holders		66.6	92.4	91.2	90.3	91.6	93.7	91.6
	Treasury bonds			95.0	48.0	32.0	32.0	32.0	8.0	8.0
		Banking system		95.0	48.0	31.0	31.1	31.1	8.0	8.0
			Central Bank of Jordan	17.4	--	--	--	--	--	--
			Commercial banks	77.6	48.0	31.0	31.1	31.1	8.0	8.0
		Other holders		--	--	1.0	0.9	0.9	--	--

	Central Bank advances			572.6	574.9	175.7	235.6	235.6	235.6	235.6
	Commercial banks advances			--	--	--	47.4	84.9	114.7	139.7
	Public corporation bonds			18.3	40.3	37.3	37.3	37.3	37.3	37.3
		Banking system		7.9	21.6	18.6	18.7	17.9	18.2	18.9
			Central Bank of Jordan	0.3	0.2	--	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.8
			Commercial banks	7.6	21.4	18.6	18.6	17.8	18.1	18.1
		Other holders		10.4	18.7	18.7	18.6	19.4	19.1	18.4
Total domestic debt				1,037.5	1,061.7	1,041.5	1,143.8	1,181.3	966.1	996.8

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Central government and public corporations.

Table 17.

Jordan: Outstanding Public Sector Domestic Debt, 1990–96 ^1/

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

End of Period				1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	Nov. 1996
Central Government				1,019.2	1,021.4	1,004.2	1,106.5	1,144.0	928.8	959.4
	Treasury bills			217.1	242.0	256.0	251.0	251.0	30.0	35.4
		Banking system		216.6	238.0	236.0	251.0	251.0	28.0	--
			Central Bank of Jordan	18.8	--	--	42.3	126.5	--	--
			Commercial banks	197.8	238.0	236.0	208.7	124.5	28.0	--
		Other holders		0.5	4.0	20.0	--	--	2.0	35.4
	Government bonds and notes			134.5	156.5	540.5	540.5	540.5	540.5	540.5
		Banking system		67.9	64.1	449.3	450.2	448.9	446.8	448.9
			Central Bank of Jordan	13.1	0.6	390.2	390.7	396.5	404.0	405.6
			Commercial banks	54.8	63.5	59.1	59.5	52.4	42.8	43.3
		Other holders		66.6	92.4	91.2	90.3	91.6	93.7	91.6
	Treasury bonds			95.0	48.0	32.0	32.0	32.0	8.0	8.0
		Banking system		95.0	48.0	31.0	31.1	31.1	8.0	8.0
			Central Bank of Jordan	17.4	--	--	--	--	--	--
			Commercial banks	77.6	48.0	31.0	31.1	31.1	8.0	8.0
		Other holders		--	--	1.0	0.9	0.9	--	--

	Central Bank advances			572.6	574.9	175.7	235.6	235.6	235.6	235.6
	Commercial banks advances			--	--	--	47.4	84.9	114.7	139.7
	Public corporation bonds			18.3	40.3	37.3	37.3	37.3	37.3	37.3
		Banking system		7.9	21.6	18.6	18.7	17.9	18.2	18.9
			Central Bank of Jordan	0.3	0.2	--	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.8
			Commercial banks	7.6	21.4	18.6	18.6	17.8	18.1	18.1
		Other holders		10.4	18.7	18.7	18.6	19.4	19.1	18.4
Total domestic debt				1,037.5	1,061.7	1,041.5	1,143.8	1,181.3	966.1	996.8

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Central government and public corporations.

Table 18.

Jordan: Consolidated Balance Sheet of Commercial Banks and the Housing Bank, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Includes credit to mixed (private and public sector) enterprises.

Table 18.

Jordan: Consolidated Balance Sheet of Commercial Banks and the Housing Bank, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 Sept.
Reserves			216.6	629.3	737.4	816.2	822.7	924.9	1,018.4
	Currency		16.0	25.2	28.5	29.9	40.2	39.6	43.8
	Deposits with Central Bank		200.6	604.1	708.9	786.3	782.5	885.3	974.6
Foreign assets			1,006.3	2,007.0	2,324.8	2,221.2	2,436.2	2,757.3	2,710.1
Claims on Government			335.5	362.9	409.9	345.4	285.4	215.5	217.0
Claims on central government (own budget)			…	…	…	13.3	21.6	24.5	22.9
Claims on municipalities and local govt.			…	…	…	--	--	--	--
Claims on social security corporation			…	…	…	--	--	--	--
Claims on financial institutions			45.8	37.7	48.8	81.2	94.2	100.5	101.4
Claims on nonfinancial public enterprises			244.8	259.1	253.3	296.8	341.8	362.1	405.5
Claims on private sector ^1/			1,697.6	1,786.4	2,022.0	2,310.5	2,763.4	3,192.5	3,366.3
Unclassified assets			543.4	516.7	514.9	662.9	762.5	853.1	868.1

	Assets = Liabilities		4,090.0	5,599.1	6,311.1	6,747.5	7,527.8	8,430.4	8,709.7
Demand deposits			413.6	593.8	685.8	768.2	770.8	777.9	726.9
	Public nonfinancial enterprises		12.5	20.6	31.8	44.7	33.2	382	22.7
		Of which: FCDs	1.3	1.6	2.3	2.9	8.2	6.9	4.7
	Municipalities and local govts.		…	…	…	7.7	62	8.6	4.3
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Financial institutions		…	…	…	5.7	6.4	4.9	4.8
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	0.6	2.3	0.8	1.3
	Social security corporation		…	…	…	9.6	4.4	6.2	8.7
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Private sector		401.1	573.2	654.0	700.5	720.6	720.0	686.4
		Of which: FCDs	69.8	76.9	81.2	85.5	89.9	99.1	109.5
Time and savings deposits			1,673.0	2,237.0	2,448.8	2,655.5	2,988.5	3,296.9	3,458.5
	Public nonfinancial enterprises		117.7	253.3	331.1	33.1	58.2	65.6	61.5
		Of which: FCDs	9.4	10.9	8.1	4.0	10.9	5.2	3.8
	Municipalities and local govts.		…	…	…	25.7	11.6	12.7	21.1
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Financial institutions		…	…	…	35.2	32.6	37.3	44.0
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	1.8	3.4	3.9	4.9
	Social security corporation		…	…	…	234.4	308.5	363.3	4115
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Private sector		1,555.3	1,983.7	2,117.7	2,327.1	2,579.6	2,818.0	2,920.4
		Of which: FCDs	287.7	382.9	407.8	411.9	467.4	6562	732.5
Foreign liabilities			459.8	1,260.4	1,596.5	1,525.3	1,765.5	2,074.9	2,151.4
Central government deposits			169.1	45.4	91.5	69.6	71.1	71.4	81.0
Central Govt. deposits (own budget)			…	…	…	111.2	117.9	109.9	109.8
Credit from Central Bank			450.7	407.2	428.4	344.0	362.4	404.4	408.5
Capital accounts			312.3	348.5	348.5	492.6	582.8	701.7	748.1
Provisions			--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Unclassified liabilities			611.5	706.8	711.6	781.1	868.8	993.3	1,025.5

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Includes credit to mixed (private and public sector) enterprises.

Table 18.

Jordan: Consolidated Balance Sheet of Commercial Banks and the Housing Bank, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 Sept.
Reserves			216.6	629.3	737.4	816.2	822.7	924.9	1,018.4
	Currency		16.0	25.2	28.5	29.9	40.2	39.6	43.8
	Deposits with Central Bank		200.6	604.1	708.9	786.3	782.5	885.3	974.6
Foreign assets			1,006.3	2,007.0	2,324.8	2,221.2	2,436.2	2,757.3	2,710.1
Claims on Government			335.5	362.9	409.9	345.4	285.4	215.5	217.0
Claims on central government (own budget)			…	…	…	13.3	21.6	24.5	22.9
Claims on municipalities and local govt.			…	…	…	--	--	--	--
Claims on social security corporation			…	…	…	--	--	--	--
Claims on financial institutions			45.8	37.7	48.8	81.2	94.2	100.5	101.4
Claims on nonfinancial public enterprises			244.8	259.1	253.3	296.8	341.8	362.1	405.5
Claims on private sector ^1/			1,697.6	1,786.4	2,022.0	2,310.5	2,763.4	3,192.5	3,366.3
Unclassified assets			543.4	516.7	514.9	662.9	762.5	853.1	868.1

	Assets = Liabilities		4,090.0	5,599.1	6,311.1	6,747.5	7,527.8	8,430.4	8,709.7
Demand deposits			413.6	593.8	685.8	768.2	770.8	777.9	726.9
	Public nonfinancial enterprises		12.5	20.6	31.8	44.7	33.2	382	22.7
		Of which: FCDs	1.3	1.6	2.3	2.9	8.2	6.9	4.7
	Municipalities and local govts.		…	…	…	7.7	62	8.6	4.3
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Financial institutions		…	…	…	5.7	6.4	4.9	4.8
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	0.6	2.3	0.8	1.3
	Social security corporation		…	…	…	9.6	4.4	6.2	8.7
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Private sector		401.1	573.2	654.0	700.5	720.6	720.0	686.4
		Of which: FCDs	69.8	76.9	81.2	85.5	89.9	99.1	109.5
Time and savings deposits			1,673.0	2,237.0	2,448.8	2,655.5	2,988.5	3,296.9	3,458.5
	Public nonfinancial enterprises		117.7	253.3	331.1	33.1	58.2	65.6	61.5
		Of which: FCDs	9.4	10.9	8.1	4.0	10.9	5.2	3.8
	Municipalities and local govts.		…	…	…	25.7	11.6	12.7	21.1
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Financial institutions		…	…	…	35.2	32.6	37.3	44.0
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	1.8	3.4	3.9	4.9
	Social security corporation		…	…	…	234.4	308.5	363.3	4115
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Private sector		1,555.3	1,983.7	2,117.7	2,327.1	2,579.6	2,818.0	2,920.4
		Of which: FCDs	287.7	382.9	407.8	411.9	467.4	6562	732.5
Foreign liabilities			459.8	1,260.4	1,596.5	1,525.3	1,765.5	2,074.9	2,151.4
Central government deposits			169.1	45.4	91.5	69.6	71.1	71.4	81.0
Central Govt. deposits (own budget)			…	…	…	111.2	117.9	109.9	109.8
Credit from Central Bank			450.7	407.2	428.4	344.0	362.4	404.4	408.5
Capital accounts			312.3	348.5	348.5	492.6	582.8	701.7	748.1
Provisions			--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Unclassified liabilities			611.5	706.8	711.6	781.1	868.8	993.3	1,025.5

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Includes credit to mixed (private and public sector) enterprises.

Table 19.

Jordan: Balance Sheet of the Central Bank, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Includes specialized credit institutions.

^{^2/}Adjusted for purchases and repurchases from the IMF.

Table 19.

Jordan: Balance Sheet of the Central Bank, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 Sept.
Foreign assets			370.8	949.1	1,001.1	955.1	1,085.9	1,305.0	1,404.3
	Of which: bilateral accounts		…	…	…	…	…	…	894.7
Claims on Government (general Budget)			669.0	605.9	596.3	698.8	786.8	671.0	673.3
	Of which: T–bills		…	…	…	41.9	123.9	--	--
		Advances to Government	…	…	…	235.6	235.6	235.6	235.6
Claims on Central Government (own budget)			…	…	…	0.1	--	--	--
Claims on public entities			0.3	0.2	--	--	--	--	--
Claims on social security corporation			…	…	…	--	--	--	--
Claims on spec, credit institutions			31.7	23.9	21.4	--	--	--	--
Claims on deposit money bank			481.5	394.5	365.9	348.1	367.6	369.0	392.0
	Rediscount facilities		…	…	…	55.2	85.1	87.7	117.5
	Bail–out operations		…	…	…	292.9	282.5	281.3	274.5
Claims on financial institutions ^1/			3.5	2.1	1.1	25.7	29.7	33.5	32.2
Claims on public non–financial enterprises			…	…	…	--	0.1	0.1	0.7
Claims on private sector			3.3	3.7	4.4	5.7	6.5	7.6	8.0
Unclassified assets			71.4	39.7	22.6	22.2	18.7	21.7	36.9
		Assets = Liabilities	1,631.5	2,019.1	2,012.8	2,055.7	2,295.3	2,407.9	2,547.4
Currency			1,022.2	1,017.6	1,032.4	1,077.8	1,112.8	1,090.5	1,023.0
Bankers’ deposits			252.2	634.1	712.5	776.6	775.5	880.3	993.5
	CDs in JD		--	--	--	120.3	280.1	320.0	542.4
		Of which: held by PMA	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
	Legal reserves		…	…	…	387.9	420.4	454.3	442.8
	Excess reserves		…	…	…	120.6	75.0	106.0	8.3
	Remunerated deposits		…	…	…	147.8	--	--	--
Demand deposits			5.5	13.8	15.7	6.2	7.5	30.9	3.6
	Public nonfinancial institution ^1/		5.5	13.8	15.7	4.6	6.2	8.8	2.5
		Of which: FCDs	0.4	0.8	0.8	3.1	4.4	7.3	1.0
	Municipalities and local governments		…	…	…	0.1	0.1	0.1	--
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	0.1	--	--	--
	Financial institutions		…	…	…	0.9	1.1	21.5	0.7
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	0.2
	Social security corporation		…	…	…	0.6	0.1	0.5	0.4
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	--
Demand deposit of private sector			5.2	10.2	10.6	--	--	--	--
	Of which: FCDs		5.2	10.2	10.6	--	--	--	--
Quasi–monetary deposits			16.9	37.1	28.1	4.0	2.1	3.2	--
	Public nonfinancial institution ^1/		0.9	15.7	16.4	3.7	1.8	3.2	--
		Of which: FCDs	0.6	2.6	15.3	3.7	1.8	3.2	--
	Municipalities and local governments		…	…	…	--	--	--	--
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Financial institutions		…	…	…	--	--	--	--
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Social security corporation		…	…	…	0.3	0.3	--	--
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Private sector		16.0	21.4	11.7	--	--	--	--
		Of which: FCDs	16.0	21.4	11.7	--	--	--	--
Foreign liabilities ^2/			0.8	0.8	22.5	-5.1	34.9	111.7	169.5
Central government deposits (general budget) ^2/			199.4	210.8	116.3	102.3	180.5	48.2	84.7
Central govt. deposits (own budget)			…	…	…	4.4	11.5	6.3	7.7
Capital accounts			18.0	18.0	18.0	18.0	21.8	25.0	29.0
Provisions			97.7	45.6	28.8	42.3	113.6	129.8	127.0
Unclassified liabilities			13.6	31.1	27.9	29.2	35.1	82.0	109.4

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Includes specialized credit institutions.

^{^2/}Adjusted for purchases and repurchases from the IMF.

Table 19.

Jordan: Balance Sheet of the Central Bank, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 Sept.
Foreign assets			370.8	949.1	1,001.1	955.1	1,085.9	1,305.0	1,404.3
	Of which: bilateral accounts		…	…	…	…	…	…	894.7
Claims on Government (general Budget)			669.0	605.9	596.3	698.8	786.8	671.0	673.3
	Of which: T–bills		…	…	…	41.9	123.9	--	--
		Advances to Government	…	…	…	235.6	235.6	235.6	235.6
Claims on Central Government (own budget)			…	…	…	0.1	--	--	--
Claims on public entities			0.3	0.2	--	--	--	--	--
Claims on social security corporation			…	…	…	--	--	--	--
Claims on spec, credit institutions			31.7	23.9	21.4	--	--	--	--
Claims on deposit money bank			481.5	394.5	365.9	348.1	367.6	369.0	392.0
	Rediscount facilities		…	…	…	55.2	85.1	87.7	117.5
	Bail–out operations		…	…	…	292.9	282.5	281.3	274.5
Claims on financial institutions ^1/			3.5	2.1	1.1	25.7	29.7	33.5	32.2
Claims on public non–financial enterprises			…	…	…	--	0.1	0.1	0.7
Claims on private sector			3.3	3.7	4.4	5.7	6.5	7.6	8.0
Unclassified assets			71.4	39.7	22.6	22.2	18.7	21.7	36.9
		Assets = Liabilities	1,631.5	2,019.1	2,012.8	2,055.7	2,295.3	2,407.9	2,547.4
Currency			1,022.2	1,017.6	1,032.4	1,077.8	1,112.8	1,090.5	1,023.0
Bankers’ deposits			252.2	634.1	712.5	776.6	775.5	880.3	993.5
	CDs in JD		--	--	--	120.3	280.1	320.0	542.4
		Of which: held by PMA	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
	Legal reserves		…	…	…	387.9	420.4	454.3	442.8
	Excess reserves		…	…	…	120.6	75.0	106.0	8.3
	Remunerated deposits		…	…	…	147.8	--	--	--
Demand deposits			5.5	13.8	15.7	6.2	7.5	30.9	3.6
	Public nonfinancial institution ^1/		5.5	13.8	15.7	4.6	6.2	8.8	2.5
		Of which: FCDs	0.4	0.8	0.8	3.1	4.4	7.3	1.0
	Municipalities and local governments		…	…	…	0.1	0.1	0.1	--
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	0.1	--	--	--
	Financial institutions		…	…	…	0.9	1.1	21.5	0.7
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	0.2
	Social security corporation		…	…	…	0.6	0.1	0.5	0.4
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	--
Demand deposit of private sector			5.2	10.2	10.6	--	--	--	--
	Of which: FCDs		5.2	10.2	10.6	--	--	--	--
Quasi–monetary deposits			16.9	37.1	28.1	4.0	2.1	3.2	--
	Public nonfinancial institution ^1/		0.9	15.7	16.4	3.7	1.8	3.2	--
		Of which: FCDs	0.6	2.6	15.3	3.7	1.8	3.2	--
	Municipalities and local governments		…	…	…	--	--	--	--
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Financial institutions		…	…	…	--	--	--	--
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Social security corporation		…	…	…	0.3	0.3	--	--
		Of which: FCDs	…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Private sector		16.0	21.4	11.7	--	--	--	--
		Of which: FCDs	16.0	21.4	11.7	--	--	--	--
Foreign liabilities ^2/			0.8	0.8	22.5	-5.1	34.9	111.7	169.5
Central government deposits (general budget) ^2/			199.4	210.8	116.3	102.3	180.5	48.2	84.7
Central govt. deposits (own budget)			…	…	…	4.4	11.5	6.3	7.7
Capital accounts			18.0	18.0	18.0	18.0	21.8	25.0	29.0
Provisions			97.7	45.6	28.8	42.3	113.6	129.8	127.0
Unclassified liabilities			13.6	31.1	27.9	29.2	35.1	82.0	109.4

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Includes specialized credit institutions.

^{^2/}Adjusted for purchases and repurchases from the IMF.

Table 20.

Jordan: Monetary Survey, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Deposits of: private sector (resident), public nonfinancial institutions, municipalities and local governments, financial institutions and Social Security Corporation.

Table 20.

Jordan: Monetary Survey, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

					1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 Sept.
Money and quasi–money					3,120.4	3,884.3	4,192.9	4,481.8	4,841.5	5,159.8	5,168.2
	Money				1,430.5	1,610.2	1,716.0	1,730.1	1,746.1	1,745.6	1,593.0
		Currency outside banks			1,006.2	992.4	1,003.9	1,047.9	1,072.6	1,050.9	979.2
		Demand deposits in local currency			424.3	617.8	712.1	682.2	673.5	694.7	613.8
		Quasi–money ^1/			1,689.9	2,274.1	2,476.9	2,751.7	3,095.4	3,414.2	3,575.2
			FC demand deposits		…	…	…	922	104.8	114.1	116.7
			Time and savings deposits		…	…	…	2,659.5	2,990.6	3,300.1	3,458.5
			Of which: foreign currency
				deposits of residents	313.7	417.8	442.9	421.4	483.5	668.5	741.2
Foreign assets (net)					916.5	1,694.9	1,706.9	1,656.1	1,721.7	1,875.7	1,793.5
	Central Bank				370.0	948.3	978.6	9602	1,051.0	1,193.3	1,234.8
	Commercial banks and Housing Bank				546.5	746.6	728.3	695.9	670.7	682.4	558.7
Domestic assets (net)					2,203.9	2,189.4	2,486.0	2,825.7	3,119.8	3,284.1	3374.7
	Claims on Government, Total				636.0	712.6	798.4	770.1	712.8	675.2	630.0
		Claims on Government (net)			636.0	712.6	798.4	872.3	820.6	766.9	724.6
		Claims on Government (own budget)			…	…	…	-102.2	-107.8	-91.7	-94.6
	Claims on municipalities and local governments				…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Claims on Social Security Corporation				…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Claims on nonfinancial public institution				245.1	259.3	253.3	296.8	341.9	3622	406.2
	Claims on specialized credit institution				31.7	23.9	21.4	--	--	--	--
	Claims on financial institutions				49.3	39.8	49.9	106.9	123.9	134.0	133.6
	Claims on private sector				1,700.9	1,790.1	2,026.4	2,316.2	2,769.9	3,200.1	3,374.3
	Other items (net)				-459.1	-636.3	-663.4	-664.3	-828.7	-1,087.4	-1,169.4
Memorandurm items:
	Liquidity growth (in percent)				5.1	24.5	7.9	6.9	8.0	6.6	0.2
	NGDP growth (in percent)				12.5	7.0	22.3	8.8	10.2	10.8	…
	Velocity				0.855	0.735	0.833	0.850	0.868	0.902	…
	NGDP				2,668.3	2,855.1	3,493.0	3,801.7	4,201.3	4,654.6	…
	FCD/total deposits (in percent)				18.5	17.5	16.9	15.0	15.6	19.0	20.5
	Currency/total deposits (in percent)				47.6	34.3	31.5	30.5	28.5	25.6	23.4
	Claims on private sector (percent change)				8.6	5.2	132	14.3	19.6	15.5	5.4

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Deposits of: private sector (resident), public nonfinancial institutions, municipalities and local governments, financial institutions and Social Security Corporation.

Table 20.

Jordan: Monetary Survey, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

					1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 Sept.
Money and quasi–money					3,120.4	3,884.3	4,192.9	4,481.8	4,841.5	5,159.8	5,168.2
	Money				1,430.5	1,610.2	1,716.0	1,730.1	1,746.1	1,745.6	1,593.0
		Currency outside banks			1,006.2	992.4	1,003.9	1,047.9	1,072.6	1,050.9	979.2
		Demand deposits in local currency			424.3	617.8	712.1	682.2	673.5	694.7	613.8
		Quasi–money ^1/			1,689.9	2,274.1	2,476.9	2,751.7	3,095.4	3,414.2	3,575.2
			FC demand deposits		…	…	…	922	104.8	114.1	116.7
			Time and savings deposits		…	…	…	2,659.5	2,990.6	3,300.1	3,458.5
			Of which: foreign currency
				deposits of residents	313.7	417.8	442.9	421.4	483.5	668.5	741.2
Foreign assets (net)					916.5	1,694.9	1,706.9	1,656.1	1,721.7	1,875.7	1,793.5
	Central Bank				370.0	948.3	978.6	9602	1,051.0	1,193.3	1,234.8
	Commercial banks and Housing Bank				546.5	746.6	728.3	695.9	670.7	682.4	558.7
Domestic assets (net)					2,203.9	2,189.4	2,486.0	2,825.7	3,119.8	3,284.1	3374.7
	Claims on Government, Total				636.0	712.6	798.4	770.1	712.8	675.2	630.0
		Claims on Government (net)			636.0	712.6	798.4	872.3	820.6	766.9	724.6
		Claims on Government (own budget)			…	…	…	-102.2	-107.8	-91.7	-94.6
	Claims on municipalities and local governments				…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Claims on Social Security Corporation				…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Claims on nonfinancial public institution				245.1	259.3	253.3	296.8	341.9	3622	406.2
	Claims on specialized credit institution				31.7	23.9	21.4	--	--	--	--
	Claims on financial institutions				49.3	39.8	49.9	106.9	123.9	134.0	133.6
	Claims on private sector				1,700.9	1,790.1	2,026.4	2,316.2	2,769.9	3,200.1	3,374.3
	Other items (net)				-459.1	-636.3	-663.4	-664.3	-828.7	-1,087.4	-1,169.4
Memorandurm items:
	Liquidity growth (in percent)				5.1	24.5	7.9	6.9	8.0	6.6	0.2
	NGDP growth (in percent)				12.5	7.0	22.3	8.8	10.2	10.8	…
	Velocity				0.855	0.735	0.833	0.850	0.868	0.902	…
	NGDP				2,668.3	2,855.1	3,493.0	3,801.7	4,201.3	4,654.6	…
	FCD/total deposits (in percent)				18.5	17.5	16.9	15.0	15.6	19.0	20.5
	Currency/total deposits (in percent)				47.6	34.3	31.5	30.5	28.5	25.6	23.4
	Claims on private sector (percent change)				8.6	5.2	132	14.3	19.6	15.5	5.4

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Deposits of: private sector (resident), public nonfinancial institutions, municipalities and local governments, financial institutions and Social Security Corporation.

Table 21.

Jordan: Factors Affecting Changes in Money Supply, 1990–96

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Also includes claims on municipalities and local governments and claims on the Social Security Corporation.

Table 21.

Jordan: Factors Affecting Changes in Money Supply, 1990–96

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 Sept.
			(In millions of Jordan dinars)
Money and quasi–money			150.9	763.9	308.6	288.9	359.7	318.3	8.4
Foreign assets (net)			259.7	778.4	12.0	-50.8	65.6	154.0	-82.2
	Central Bank		40.6	578.3	30.3	-18.4	90.8	142.3	41.5
	Commercial banks and Housing Bank		219.1	200.1	-18.3	-32.4	-25.2	11.7	-123.7
Domestic assets (net)			-108.8	-14.5	296.6	339.7	294.1	164.3	90.6
	Claims on Government, Total		-149.4	76.6	85.8	-28.3	-57.3	-37.6	-45.2
		Claims on Government (net; general budget)	-149.4	76.6	85.8	73.9	-51.7	-53.7	-42.3
		Claims on Government (net; own budget)	…	…	…	-102.2	-5.6	16.1	-2.9
	Claims on municipalities and local governments		…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Claims on Social Security Corporation		…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Claims on public enterprises		-0.8	14.2	-6.0	43.5	45.1	20.3	44.0
	Claims on specific credit institutions		-2.0	-7.8	-2.5	--	--	--	--
	Claims on financial institutions		-16.5	-9.5	10.1	35.6	17.0	10.1	-0.4
	Claims on private sector		135.0	89.2	236.3	289.8	453.7	430.2	174.2
	Other items (net)		-75.1	-177.2	-27.1	-0.9	-164.4	-258.7	-82.0
			(Changes in percent of beginning per stock of money and quasi–money)
Money and quasi–money			5.1	24.5	7.9	6.9	8.0	6.6	0.2
	Foreign assets (net)		8.7	24.9	0.3	-1.2	1.5	3.2	-1.6
	Domestic assets (net)		-3.7	-0.5	7.6	8.1	6.6	3.4	1.8
		Claims on Government (net)	-5.0	2.5	2.2	-0.7	-1.3	-0.8	-0.9
		Claims on public entities ^1/	--	0.5	-02	1.0	1.0	0.4	0.9
		Claims on private sector	4.5	2.9	6.1	6.9	10.1	8.9	3.4
		Other items (net) 2/	-3.2	-6.2	-0.5	0.8	-3.3	-5.1	-1.6

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Also includes claims on municipalities and local governments and claims on the Social Security Corporation.

Table 21.

Jordan: Factors Affecting Changes in Money Supply, 1990–96

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 Sept.
			(In millions of Jordan dinars)
Money and quasi–money			150.9	763.9	308.6	288.9	359.7	318.3	8.4
Foreign assets (net)			259.7	778.4	12.0	-50.8	65.6	154.0	-82.2
	Central Bank		40.6	578.3	30.3	-18.4	90.8	142.3	41.5
	Commercial banks and Housing Bank		219.1	200.1	-18.3	-32.4	-25.2	11.7	-123.7
Domestic assets (net)			-108.8	-14.5	296.6	339.7	294.1	164.3	90.6
	Claims on Government, Total		-149.4	76.6	85.8	-28.3	-57.3	-37.6	-45.2
		Claims on Government (net; general budget)	-149.4	76.6	85.8	73.9	-51.7	-53.7	-42.3
		Claims on Government (net; own budget)	…	…	…	-102.2	-5.6	16.1	-2.9
	Claims on municipalities and local governments		…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Claims on Social Security Corporation		…	…	…	--	--	--	--
	Claims on public enterprises		-0.8	14.2	-6.0	43.5	45.1	20.3	44.0
	Claims on specific credit institutions		-2.0	-7.8	-2.5	--	--	--	--
	Claims on financial institutions		-16.5	-9.5	10.1	35.6	17.0	10.1	-0.4
	Claims on private sector		135.0	89.2	236.3	289.8	453.7	430.2	174.2
	Other items (net)		-75.1	-177.2	-27.1	-0.9	-164.4	-258.7	-82.0
			(Changes in percent of beginning per stock of money and quasi–money)
Money and quasi–money			5.1	24.5	7.9	6.9	8.0	6.6	0.2
	Foreign assets (net)		8.7	24.9	0.3	-1.2	1.5	3.2	-1.6
	Domestic assets (net)		-3.7	-0.5	7.6	8.1	6.6	3.4	1.8
		Claims on Government (net)	-5.0	2.5	2.2	-0.7	-1.3	-0.8	-0.9
		Claims on public entities ^1/	--	0.5	-02	1.0	1.0	0.4	0.9
		Claims on private sector	4.5	2.9	6.1	6.9	10.1	8.9	3.4
		Other items (net) 2/	-3.2	-6.2	-0.5	0.8	-3.3	-5.1	-1.6

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Also includes claims on municipalities and local governments and claims on the Social Security Corporation.

Table 22.

Jordan: Commercial Banks’ Liquidity and Reserves, 1994–96 ^1/

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Due to reclassification of statistics, data for the years prior to 1994 were not available.

^{^2/}Includes cash in vaults, balances with the Central Bank of Jordan (CBJ), bond and bills, convertible foreign currency balances with banks abroad (net), interbank deposits (net) and JD balances with banks abroad.

^{^3/}Defined as JD deposits with the CBJ less CD’s in JD.

^{^4/}Defined to include demand, time and savings deposits, JD deposits with banks abroad, bills payable and borrowings.

^{^5/}Defined to include previous month’s JD deposits, banks’ deposits and borrowing less amounts extended to exports sector. Since 1995, limited to previous month’s JD deposits.

Table 22.

Jordan: Commercial Banks’ Liquidity and Reserves, 1994–96 ^1/

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

End of Period			1994	1995	1996 Sept.
Liquid assets ^2/			3,158.1	3,288.0	3,362.8
Reserve assets:
	Current deposits with
		Central Bank ^3/	514.9	564.4	451.9
Liquidity ratio–related			5,689.6	6,197.8	6,467.9
	liabilities ^4/
Reserve ratio–related			3,456.7	3,476.1	3,585.3
	liabilities ^5/
Liquidity ratio
	Legal		30.0	30.0	30.0
	Actual		55.5	53.1	52.0
Reserve ratio (JD deposits)
	Legal
		Demand deposits	15.0	14.0	14.0
		Investment banks	9.0	9.0	9.0
		Weighted average	13.3	12.7	12.7
	Actual		14.9	16.2	12.6

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Due to reclassification of statistics, data for the years prior to 1994 were not available.

^{^3/}Defined as JD deposits with the CBJ less CD’s in JD.

^{^4/}Defined to include demand, time and savings deposits, JD deposits with banks abroad, bills payable and borrowings.

^{^5/}Defined to include previous month’s JD deposits, banks’ deposits and borrowing less amounts extended to exports sector. Since 1995, limited to previous month’s JD deposits.

Table 22.

Jordan: Commercial Banks’ Liquidity and Reserves, 1994–96 ^1/

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

End of Period			1994	1995	1996 Sept.
Liquid assets ^2/			3,158.1	3,288.0	3,362.8
Reserve assets:
	Current deposits with
		Central Bank ^3/	514.9	564.4	451.9
Liquidity ratio–related			5,689.6	6,197.8	6,467.9
	liabilities ^4/
Reserve ratio–related			3,456.7	3,476.1	3,585.3
	liabilities ^5/
Liquidity ratio
	Legal		30.0	30.0	30.0
	Actual		55.5	53.1	52.0
Reserve ratio (JD deposits)
	Legal
		Demand deposits	15.0	14.0	14.0
		Investment banks	9.0	9.0	9.0
		Weighted average	13.3	12.7	12.7
	Actual		14.9	16.2	12.6

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Due to reclassification of statistics, data for the years prior to 1994 were not available.

^{^3/}Defined as JD deposits with the CBJ less CD’s in JD.

^{^4/}Defined to include demand, time and savings deposits, JD deposits with banks abroad, bills payable and borrowings.

^{^5/}Defined to include previous month’s JD deposits, banks’ deposits and borrowing less amounts extended to exports sector. Since 1995, limited to previous month’s JD deposits.

Table 23.

Jordan: Consolidated Accounts of the Specialized Credit Institutions, 1990–96 ^1/

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Includes the Agricultural Credit Corporation; the Cities and Villages Development Bank; the Housing Corporation; the Industrial Development Bank; and the Jordan Cooperative Organization.

^{^2/}Effective December 1993, data for specialized credit institution were reclassified to new definitions.

Table 23.

Jordan: Consolidated Accounts of the Specialized Credit Institutions, 1990–96 ^1/

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

	(Old Classification)				(New Classification) ^2/
End of Period	1990	1991	1992	1993	1993	1994	1995	1996 June
Cash	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0
Balances with commercial banks	38.3	62.4	49.6	27.1	70.0	59.1	62.9	61.6
Balances with Central Bank of Jordan	0.5	3.1	0.2	1.1	0.4	0.6	0.4	0.1
Government bonds and bills	3.0	3.0	2.4	1.8	--	--	--	--
Other liquid assets	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Negotiable assets	117.2	29.8	32.4	36.8	--	--	--	--
Loans to private sector	160.8	173.8	204.3	237.1	231.7	225.4	251.3	235.9
Loans to public sector	49.0	46.0	44.2	46.1	--	--	--	--
Balances with other banking institutions	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Claims on nonbanking financial institutions	--	--	--	--	--	0.2	0.4	0.4
Claims on other banking institutions	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Claims on central government	--	--	--	--	0.7	3.2	2.8	4.3
Claims on municipalities and public debt	--	--	--	--	63.2	59.4	54.9	53.0
Fixed assets	7.0	9.3	9.3	9.8	9.1	9.9	10.5	5.7
Other assets	26.8	36.3	46.1	74.6	37.0	57.5	43.2	51.4
Assets = Liabilities	402.9	364.0	388.9	434.6	412.3	415.4	426.3	412.3
Deposits	35.4	59.0	48.0	31.2	69.8	53.1	36.7	33.6
Capital	57.2	44.9	66.3	68.6	52.9	54.0	63.3	66.9
Reserves	29.6	33.6	35.5	40.0	37.9	37.7	48.2	53.9
Credit from Government	2.9	3.1	1.9	1.1	17.1	16.2	16.2	15.3
Credit from Central Bank of Jordan	31.1	23.3	20.1	16.5	26.2	31.0	27.5	27.9
Credit from foreign institutions	50.0	57.8	67.0	77.2	79.0	84.6	92.4	82.7
Credit from banks	73.6	69.3	69.6	67.7	60.2	58.2	56.2	55.2
Other borrowing	…	…	…	…	13.5	13.9	14.0	14.3
Other liabilities	123.1	73.0	80.5	132.3	55.5	66.9	71.8	62.5

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Includes the Agricultural Credit Corporation; the Cities and Villages Development Bank; the Housing Corporation; the Industrial Development Bank; and the Jordan Cooperative Organization.

^{^2/}Effective December 1993, data for specialized credit institution were reclassified to new definitions.

Table 23.

Jordan: Consolidated Accounts of the Specialized Credit Institutions, 1990–96 ^1/

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

	(Old Classification)				(New Classification) ^2/
End of Period	1990	1991	1992	1993	1993	1994	1995	1996 June
Cash	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0
Balances with commercial banks	38.3	62.4	49.6	27.1	70.0	59.1	62.9	61.6
Balances with Central Bank of Jordan	0.5	3.1	0.2	1.1	0.4	0.6	0.4	0.1
Government bonds and bills	3.0	3.0	2.4	1.8	--	--	--	--
Other liquid assets	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Negotiable assets	117.2	29.8	32.4	36.8	--	--	--	--
Loans to private sector	160.8	173.8	204.3	237.1	231.7	225.4	251.3	235.9
Loans to public sector	49.0	46.0	44.2	46.1	--	--	--	--
Balances with other banking institutions	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Claims on nonbanking financial institutions	--	--	--	--	--	0.2	0.4	0.4
Claims on other banking institutions	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Claims on central government	--	--	--	--	0.7	3.2	2.8	4.3
Claims on municipalities and public debt	--	--	--	--	63.2	59.4	54.9	53.0
Fixed assets	7.0	9.3	9.3	9.8	9.1	9.9	10.5	5.7
Other assets	26.8	36.3	46.1	74.6	37.0	57.5	43.2	51.4
Assets = Liabilities	402.9	364.0	388.9	434.6	412.3	415.4	426.3	412.3
Deposits	35.4	59.0	48.0	31.2	69.8	53.1	36.7	33.6
Capital	57.2	44.9	66.3	68.6	52.9	54.0	63.3	66.9
Reserves	29.6	33.6	35.5	40.0	37.9	37.7	48.2	53.9
Credit from Government	2.9	3.1	1.9	1.1	17.1	16.2	16.2	15.3
Credit from Central Bank of Jordan	31.1	23.3	20.1	16.5	26.2	31.0	27.5	27.9
Credit from foreign institutions	50.0	57.8	67.0	77.2	79.0	84.6	92.4	82.7
Credit from banks	73.6	69.3	69.6	67.7	60.2	58.2	56.2	55.2
Other borrowing	…	…	…	…	13.5	13.9	14.0	14.3
Other liabilities	123.1	73.0	80.5	132.3	55.5	66.9	71.8	62.5

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Includes the Agricultural Credit Corporation; the Cities and Villages Development Bank; the Housing Corporation; the Industrial Development Bank; and the Jordan Cooperative Organization.

^{^2/}Effective December 1993, data for specialized credit institution were reclassified to new definitions.

Table 24.

Jordan: Outstanding Loans of Specialized Credit Institutions, 1990–96 ^1/

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Excluding the Housing Bank.

Table 24.

Jordan: Outstanding Loans of Specialized Credit Institutions, 1990–96 ^1/

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

End of Period		1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 June
Agricultural Credit Corporation		36.6	41.7	56.6	67.7	74.0	77.1	80.5
Cities and Villages Development Bank		48.9	46.0	44.3	46.1	44.1	40.9	40.5
Housing Corporation		64.8	67.1	79.5	81.5	77.0	77.3	74.4
Industrial Development Bank		49.6	54.6	65.3	79.5	78.1	102.1	89.3
Jordan Cooperative Organization		9.8	10.4	10.5	8.4	5.6	3.1	--
	Total	209.7	219.8	256.2	283.2	278.8	300.5	284.7

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Excluding the Housing Bank.

Table 24.

Jordan: Outstanding Loans of Specialized Credit Institutions, 1990–96 ^1/

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

End of Period		1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 June
Agricultural Credit Corporation		36.6	41.7	56.6	67.7	74.0	77.1	80.5
Cities and Villages Development Bank		48.9	46.0	44.3	46.1	44.1	40.9	40.5
Housing Corporation		64.8	67.1	79.5	81.5	77.0	77.3	74.4
Industrial Development Bank		49.6	54.6	65.3	79.5	78.1	102.1	89.3
Jordan Cooperative Organization		9.8	10.4	10.5	8.4	5.6	3.1	--
	Total	209.7	219.8	256.2	283.2	278.8	300.5	284.7

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Excluding the Housing Bank.

Table 25.

Jordan: Sectoral Distribution of Outstanding Credit to the Private Sector from Commercial Banks and the Housing Bank, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Excluding public and private corporate bonds.

Table 25.

Jordan: Sectoral Distribution of Outstanding Credit to the Private Sector from Commercial Banks and the Housing Bank, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

		Old Classification				New Classification
End of Period		1990	1991	1992	1993	1993	1994	1995	1996 Sept.
Agriculture		53.7	49.8	54.4	64.7	65.4	75.5	75.7	84.7
Mining		12.3	5.2	20.0	53.4	56.2	51.7	53.5	88.3
Industry		224.6	245.3	265.8	326.8	329.6	419.9	494.8	501.9
Commerce and trade		407.8	465.9	525.1	607.0	631.8	798.6	970.4	1,051.5
Construction		422.7	436.3	463.2	513.7	458.1	687.0	757.4	782.9
Transportation		45.5	65.5	54.0	60.9	65.0	198.3	195.6	195.9
Tourism, hotels, and restaurants		33.3	31.8	37.3	58.8	32.8	38.1	46.4	58.3
Professional and private individuals		288.5	318.8	375.3	415.0	…	…	…	…
Equity participation		71.1	76.6	90.8	136.2	…	…	…	…
Financial services		…	…	…	…	174.8	175.3	159.5	163.5
Services and infrastructure		…	…	…	…	43.6	150.5	199.8	211.7
Other credits		110.8	110.2	160.8	204.4	884.0	653.5	752.6	800.1
Total ^1/		1,670.3	1,805.4	2,046.7	2,440.9	2,741.3	3,248.4	3,705.7	3,938.8
	Of which: Private sector (Resident)	…	…	…	…	2,232.2	2,649.8	3,053.2	3,216.1

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Excluding public and private corporate bonds.

Table 25.

Jordan: Sectoral Distribution of Outstanding Credit to the Private Sector from Commercial Banks and the Housing Bank, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

		Old Classification				New Classification
End of Period		1990	1991	1992	1993	1993	1994	1995	1996 Sept.
Agriculture		53.7	49.8	54.4	64.7	65.4	75.5	75.7	84.7
Mining		12.3	5.2	20.0	53.4	56.2	51.7	53.5	88.3
Industry		224.6	245.3	265.8	326.8	329.6	419.9	494.8	501.9
Commerce and trade		407.8	465.9	525.1	607.0	631.8	798.6	970.4	1,051.5
Construction		422.7	436.3	463.2	513.7	458.1	687.0	757.4	782.9
Transportation		45.5	65.5	54.0	60.9	65.0	198.3	195.6	195.9
Tourism, hotels, and restaurants		33.3	31.8	37.3	58.8	32.8	38.1	46.4	58.3
Professional and private individuals		288.5	318.8	375.3	415.0	…	…	…	…
Equity participation		71.1	76.6	90.8	136.2	…	…	…	…
Financial services		…	…	…	…	174.8	175.3	159.5	163.5
Services and infrastructure		…	…	…	…	43.6	150.5	199.8	211.7
Other credits		110.8	110.2	160.8	204.4	884.0	653.5	752.6	800.1
Total ^1/		1,670.3	1,805.4	2,046.7	2,440.9	2,741.3	3,248.4	3,705.7	3,938.8
	Of which: Private sector (Resident)	…	…	…	…	2,232.2	2,649.8	3,053.2	3,216.1

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Excluding public and private corporate bonds.

Table 26.

Jordan: Amman Financial Market Indicators, 1990–96

Source: Amman Financial Market.

^{^1/}Weighted by the number of traded shares; annual averages.

Table 26.

Jordan: Amman Financial Market Indicators, 1990–96

		1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 Sept.
		Value of Trading
		(In million of Jordan dinars)
Manufacturing and mining		158.0	177.8	527.8	510.1	165.7	123.1	59.3
Banking and finance		71.2	75.5	202.8	282.6	186.8	149.6	57.0
Services		30.8	34.4	123.8	107.8	70.0	82.0	22.2
Insurance		6.4	4.8	25.3	33.0	7.9	7.4	2.7
	Total	266.4	292.4	879.8	933.4	430.4	362.1	141.2
		Number of Traded Shares
		(In millions)
Manufacturing and mining		71.0	80.8	167.2	116.3	47.8	50.6	38.1
Banking and finance		23.5	35.9	80.7	69.9	56.8	44.8	21.9
Services		36.4	37.5	87.6	49.2	27.0	27.2	12.1
Insurance		3.5	2.6	9.4	8.9	2.3	2.5	1.0
	Total	134.4	156.8	344.8	244.3	133.8	125.1	73.0
		Traded Shares Price Index ^1/
		(1991=100)
Manufacturing and mining		73.1	100	145.2	154.2	128.1	130.0	111.7
Banking and finance		92.8	100	115.6	164.2	157.8	188.3	187.1
Services		80.1	100	161.3	143.7	131.4	129.9	112.9
Insurance		77.1	100	144.0	159.8	138.2	130.8	121.5
	General Index	80.4	100	129.9	158.5	143.5	159.2	148.0

Source: Amman Financial Market.

^{^1/}Weighted by the number of traded shares; annual averages.

Table 26.

Jordan: Amman Financial Market Indicators, 1990–96

		1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 Sept.
		Value of Trading
		(In million of Jordan dinars)
Manufacturing and mining		158.0	177.8	527.8	510.1	165.7	123.1	59.3
Banking and finance		71.2	75.5	202.8	282.6	186.8	149.6	57.0
Services		30.8	34.4	123.8	107.8	70.0	82.0	22.2
Insurance		6.4	4.8	25.3	33.0	7.9	7.4	2.7
	Total	266.4	292.4	879.8	933.4	430.4	362.1	141.2
		Number of Traded Shares
		(In millions)
Manufacturing and mining		71.0	80.8	167.2	116.3	47.8	50.6	38.1
Banking and finance		23.5	35.9	80.7	69.9	56.8	44.8	21.9
Services		36.4	37.5	87.6	49.2	27.0	27.2	12.1
Insurance		3.5	2.6	9.4	8.9	2.3	2.5	1.0
	Total	134.4	156.8	344.8	244.3	133.8	125.1	73.0
		Traded Shares Price Index ^1/
		(1991=100)
Manufacturing and mining		73.1	100	145.2	154.2	128.1	130.0	111.7
Banking and finance		92.8	100	115.6	164.2	157.8	188.3	187.1
Services		80.1	100	161.3	143.7	131.4	129.9	112.9
Insurance		77.1	100	144.0	159.8	138.2	130.8	121.5
	General Index	80.4	100	129.9	158.5	143.5	159.2	148.0

Source: Amman Financial Market.

^{^1/}Weighted by the number of traded shares; annual averages.

Table 27.

Jordan: Net Foreign Assets of the Banking System, 1990–96

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}National valuation. Figure for 1994 includes revaluation of US$97.9 million.

Table 27.

Jordan: Net Foreign Assets of the Banking System, 1990–96

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

			Old Classification				New Classification
End of period			1990	1991	1992	1993	1993	1994	1995	1996 Sept.
Total foreign assets (net)			1,390.5	2,515.6	2,505.3	2,469.4	2,342.3	2,502.9	2,798.6	2,763.1
Central Bank of Jordan (net)			556.5	1,404.4	1,446.8	1353.8	1,353.8	1,546.1	1,836.1	1,975.1
	Assets		557.7	1,405.6	1,448.5	1,356.2	1,356.2	1,549.3	1,840.6	1,980.7
		Gold ^1/	100.6	103.8	101.4	99.8	99.8	198.5	195.9	197.1
		SDRs	0.4	0.4	18.9	6.8	6.8	0.7	1.2	0.2
		IMF reserve position	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
		Foreign exchange	221.1	824.4	750.1	588.4	588.4	431.2	427.0	521.5
		Bilateral accounts	235.6	477.0	578.1	661.2	661.2	918.9	1,216.5	1,261.9
	Liabilities		1.2	1.2	1.7	2.4	2.4	3.2	4.5	5.6
Commercial banks (net)			821.8	1,106.5	1,053.9	1,115.6	988.5	956.8	962.5	788.0
	Assets		1,513.2	2,974.4	3364.0	3,154.1	3,155.1	3,475.3	3,889.0	3,822.4
	Liabilities		691.4	1,867.9	2,310.1	2,038.5	2,166.6	2,518.5	2,926.5	3,034.4
Other financial institutions			12.2	4.7	4.6	--	--	--	--	--
	Assets		19.0	8.4	6.3	--	--	--	--	--
	Liabilities		6.8	3.7	1.7	--	--	--	--	--
Exchange rate (end of period)
	(US$/JD)		1.50	1.48	1.45	1.42	1.42	1.43	1.41	1.41

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}National valuation. Figure for 1994 includes revaluation of US$97.9 million.

Table 27.

Jordan: Net Foreign Assets of the Banking System, 1990–96

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

			Old Classification				New Classification
End of period			1990	1991	1992	1993	1993	1994	1995	1996 Sept.
Total foreign assets (net)			1,390.5	2,515.6	2,505.3	2,469.4	2,342.3	2,502.9	2,798.6	2,763.1
Central Bank of Jordan (net)			556.5	1,404.4	1,446.8	1353.8	1,353.8	1,546.1	1,836.1	1,975.1
	Assets		557.7	1,405.6	1,448.5	1,356.2	1,356.2	1,549.3	1,840.6	1,980.7
		Gold ^1/	100.6	103.8	101.4	99.8	99.8	198.5	195.9	197.1
		SDRs	0.4	0.4	18.9	6.8	6.8	0.7	1.2	0.2
		IMF reserve position	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
		Foreign exchange	221.1	824.4	750.1	588.4	588.4	431.2	427.0	521.5
		Bilateral accounts	235.6	477.0	578.1	661.2	661.2	918.9	1,216.5	1,261.9
	Liabilities		1.2	1.2	1.7	2.4	2.4	3.2	4.5	5.6
Commercial banks (net)			821.8	1,106.5	1,053.9	1,115.6	988.5	956.8	962.5	788.0
	Assets		1,513.2	2,974.4	3364.0	3,154.1	3,155.1	3,475.3	3,889.0	3,822.4
	Liabilities		691.4	1,867.9	2,310.1	2,038.5	2,166.6	2,518.5	2,926.5	3,034.4
Other financial institutions			12.2	4.7	4.6	--	--	--	--	--
	Assets		19.0	8.4	6.3	--	--	--	--	--
	Liabilities		6.8	3.7	1.7	--	--	--	--	--
Exchange rate (end of period)
	(US$/JD)		1.50	1.48	1.45	1.42	1.42	1.43	1.41	1.41

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}National valuation. Figure for 1994 includes revaluation of US$97.9 million.

Table 28.

Jordan: Interest Rate Structure and Recent Government Bond Issues, 1990–96

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Interest rates on certificates of deposits for 1933 onward are confined only to investment banks.

^{^2/}Commissions apply to overdraft faculties.

Table 28.

Jordan: Interest Rate Structure and Recent Government Bond Issues, 1990–96

End of Period		1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 August
Central Bank of Jordan
	Rediscount rate	8.50	8.50	8.50	8.50	8.50	8.50	8.50
	Advances to commercial banks	8.50	8.50	8.50	8.50	8.50	8.50	8.50
	Export facility	6.00–8.00	6.00–8.00	5.00	3.50	6.00	7.50	7.50
Commercial banks
	Overdrafts and discounts	10.00–12.50	10.00–13.00	10.00–14.00	10.00–13.00	9.00–14.00	9.00–14.00	9.50–14.0
	Loans	10.00–12.50	10.0–13.00	10.00–14.00	10.00–14.00	9.00–15.00	9.25–15.00	9.50–15.00
	Demand deposits	0–5.00	0–6.00	0–6.00	0–5.00	0–5.00	0–5.00	0–6.00
	Savings deposits	4.00–8.00	5.50–7.00	3.00–7.00	3.00–8.00	3.00–7.50	4.00–7.50	4.00–7.50
	One–year time deposits	6.75–9.50	7.00–9.50	5.50–8.75	5.00–8.25	5.00–8.75	5.00–9.25	6.00–9.75
	One–year certificates of deposit ^1/	7.375–9.00	7.375–9.00	…	7.50	7.66	8.20	…
	Commissions ^2/	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	0.25–1.00	0.25–1.00	0.25–1.00
Housing Bank
	Commercial loans	11.00–11.00	11.00–12.00	…	11.25–12.5	11.5–12.5	11.5–12.5	11.5–12.5
	Housing loans ^2/	10.00	10.00	…		10.00	10.00
	Demand deposits	--	--	…	--	--	--	--
	Savings deposits	5.00	5.00	…	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
	One–year time deposits	7.25–8.50	6.75–8.00	…	6.00–7.00	6.50–7.50	6.50–8.30	6.75–8.75
Specialized credit institutions’ maximum loan rates
	Agricultural credit corporation	10.00	10.00	10.00	8.50	8.50	9.00	…
	Industrial development bank	10.00	10.00	…	11.00	11.00	10.50	…
	Jordan cooperative organization	10.00	10.00	…	8.50	--	--	…
Three–month treasury bills		6.25	5.00	3.00	3.26	8.01	7.07	8.90
Three–month CBJ CDs		…	…	…	3.25	7.75	8.75	9.25
Government bonds (recent issues)			Interest Rate (in percent)		Terms of Maturity (in yean)
1991
	April		9.00		6
	August		9.00		9
	November		9.00		9
1992
	March		9.00		10
1993
	July		9.00		10
1994
	June		8.20		8
	Nov.		8.50		7
1995
	Sept.		9.25		9
	Sept.		8.75		2
	Oct.		9.25		9
	Dec.		9.25		9
1996
	May		9.25		9
	Aug.		9.25		9
Memorandum item:
	Annual rate of change in the cost of living index	15.4	8.9	4.0	3.3	3.6	2.7	…

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Interest rates on certificates of deposits for 1933 onward are confined only to investment banks.

^{^2/}Commissions apply to overdraft faculties.

Table 28.

Jordan: Interest Rate Structure and Recent Government Bond Issues, 1990–96

End of Period		1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996 August
Central Bank of Jordan
	Rediscount rate	8.50	8.50	8.50	8.50	8.50	8.50	8.50
	Advances to commercial banks	8.50	8.50	8.50	8.50	8.50	8.50	8.50
	Export facility	6.00–8.00	6.00–8.00	5.00	3.50	6.00	7.50	7.50
Commercial banks
	Overdrafts and discounts	10.00–12.50	10.00–13.00	10.00–14.00	10.00–13.00	9.00–14.00	9.00–14.00	9.50–14.0
	Loans	10.00–12.50	10.0–13.00	10.00–14.00	10.00–14.00	9.00–15.00	9.25–15.00	9.50–15.00
	Demand deposits	0–5.00	0–6.00	0–6.00	0–5.00	0–5.00	0–5.00	0–6.00
	Savings deposits	4.00–8.00	5.50–7.00	3.00–7.00	3.00–8.00	3.00–7.50	4.00–7.50	4.00–7.50
	One–year time deposits	6.75–9.50	7.00–9.50	5.50–8.75	5.00–8.25	5.00–8.75	5.00–9.25	6.00–9.75
	One–year certificates of deposit ^1/	7.375–9.00	7.375–9.00	…	7.50	7.66	8.20	…
	Commissions ^2/	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	0.25–1.00	0.25–1.00	0.25–1.00
Housing Bank
	Commercial loans	11.00–11.00	11.00–12.00	…	11.25–12.5	11.5–12.5	11.5–12.5	11.5–12.5
	Housing loans ^2/	10.00	10.00	…		10.00	10.00
	Demand deposits	--	--	…	--	--	--	--
	Savings deposits	5.00	5.00	…	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
	One–year time deposits	7.25–8.50	6.75–8.00	…	6.00–7.00	6.50–7.50	6.50–8.30	6.75–8.75
Specialized credit institutions’ maximum loan rates
	Agricultural credit corporation	10.00	10.00	10.00	8.50	8.50	9.00	…
	Industrial development bank	10.00	10.00	…	11.00	11.00	10.50	…
	Jordan cooperative organization	10.00	10.00	…	8.50	--	--	…
Three–month treasury bills		6.25	5.00	3.00	3.26	8.01	7.07	8.90
Three–month CBJ CDs		…	…	…	3.25	7.75	8.75	9.25
Government bonds (recent issues)			Interest Rate (in percent)		Terms of Maturity (in yean)
1991
	April		9.00		6
	August		9.00		9
	November		9.00		9
1992
	March		9.00		10
1993
	July		9.00		10
1994
	June		8.20		8
	Nov.		8.50		7
1995
	Sept.		9.25		9
	Sept.		8.75		2
	Oct.		9.25		9
	Dec.		9.25		9
1996
	May		9.25		9
	Aug.		9.25		9
Memorandum item:
	Annual rate of change in the cost of living index	15.4	8.9	4.0	3.3	3.6	2.7	…

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Interest rates on certificates of deposits for 1933 onward are confined only to investment banks.

^{^2/}Commissions apply to overdraft faculties.

Table 29.

Jordan: Balance Sheet of the Central Bank, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

Sources: The Jordanian authorities; and staff estimates.

^{^1/}Remittance from Jordanians working abroad.

^{^2/}Includes transfer from foreign private aid organizations and transfers abroad by Jordanians.

^{^3/}Cost for cash buy–back operations for debt to commercial banks and Russia, etc.

^{^4/}Estimated transfer of savings held abroad by Jordanians.

^{^5/}Includes estimated re–transfer of money to the WBGS, which was previously remitted from Palestinian/Jordanian workers abroad to Jordan.

^{^6/}Excludes changes of liability of the CBJ to the IMF.

^{^7/}Unrecurrent aid of grants and loans from Gulf Crisis Financial Cooperation Group.

^{^8/}Imports adjusted for re–exports.

^{^9/}The figure US$650 million was based on projections during the mission. The actual figure for end–1996 is USS697 million (2.1 months of imports).

Table 29.

Jordan: Balance Sheet of the Central Bank, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

				1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996
Current Account
	Including grants			-754	-646	-774	-644	-399	-257	-217
	Excluding grants			-1,147	-810	-1,122	-984	-723	-582	-631
Trade of goods and services				-1,176	-918	-1,268	-1,019	-725	-564	-611
	Trade balance			-1,668	-1,460	-2,151	-2,287	-1,950	-1,922	-2,374
		Exports, f.o.b.		1,064	1,132	1,220	1,248	1,424	1,771	1,913
		Imports, c.i.f.		2,732	2,592	3,370	3,535	3,374	3,693	4,287
			Foodstuffs	609	613	612	628	586	598	863
			Oil and oil products	470	364	446	454	430	480	518
			Other	1,653	1,615	2,312	2,453	2,357	2,615	2,906
	Services (net)			492	542	883	1,268	1,225	1,358	1,763
		Remittances (net)		430	389	739	962	1,000	1,137	1,352
			Receipts ^1/	500	450	825	1,040	1,093	1,244	1,464
			Payments	71	61	86	78	93	107	112
		Travel (net)		176	35	112	218	188	235	345
			Receipts	512	317	462	563	582	660	770
			Payments	336	282	350	345	394	425	425
		Investment income (net)		-403	-363	-349	-310	-315	-278	-302
			Receipts	67	114	112	99	73	116	115
			Payments (scheduled)	470	477	461	409	388	394	417
		Transportation		20	81	33	67	46	26	38
			Receipts	369	250	329	366	350	417	396
			Payments	349	169	296	299	304	392	358
		Other (net)		269	400	348	331	306	239	330
			Receipts	567	786	656	645	629	631	711
			Payments	298	386	308	314	323	392	381
Unrequited transfers				422	272	494	375	326	307	394
	Private ^2/			29	108	146	35	2	-19	-20
	Public (grants)			393	164	348	340	324	326	414
Capital Account				-250	74	170	-147	-55	216	184
	Public Sector			-431	-671	-337	-415	-272	-21	-18
		Receipts		439	135	335	155	242	510	506
		Payments (scheduled)		871	806	672	570	514	531	526
	Cost of restructuring ^3/			--	--	158	232	35	1	3
	Private sector (net)			69	26	45	20	26	40	60
	Transfer of workers’ savings ^4/			112	719	619	480	226	197	145
Errors and Omissions ^5/				243	305	116	220	17	-268	-374
Overall balance				-761	-267	-488	-571	-437	-309	-407
Financing				761	267	486	571	437	309	407
	Increase in NFA(−) ^6/			-342	-1,093	-51	95	-56	-248	-77
		Of which: Increase in gross reserves (−)		--	604	56	174	164	4	-223
	IMF (net)			-9	--	31	-41	56	106	98
		Purchase		--	--	31	5	93	115	120
		Repurchase		9	--	--	46	37	8	22
	Arab Monetary Fund (net)			-2	-7	-9	-7	13	15	6
	Debt rescheduling			610	98	1,149	602	424	387	314
	Other exceptional sources			504	1,270	-632	-78	--	49	66
		GCFCG grants and loans ^7/		327	726	28	35	--	--	--
		Change in deferred payments		177	544	-660	-113	--	49	66
Memorandum items:
	Gross official reserves
			in millions of VS. dollars	221.0	825.0	769.0	595.2	431.2	427.0	650.0 ^9/
			in months of imports ^8/	1.0	4.2	3.0	22	1.7	1.5	2.0
	Current account balance as percent of GDP
		Including grants		-18.7	-15.4	-15.1	-11.7	-6.6	-3.9	-3.0
		Excluding grants		-28.5	-19.3	-21.8	-17.9	-12.0	-8.8	-8.7
	Total debt service (including IMF)			--	1,278.9	1,133.3	1,014.4	914.1	916.4	944.3
	Debt service as percent of exports of GNFS			--	51.5	42.5	35.9	30.6	26.3	24.9
	Interest payments as percent of GDP			--	10.7	8.4	7.1	5.9	5.7	5.5
	Debt as percent of GDP			188.8	174.6	128.9	121.0	112.0	103.0	99.9

Sources: The Jordanian authorities; and staff estimates.

^{^1/}Remittance from Jordanians working abroad.

^{^2/}Includes transfer from foreign private aid organizations and transfers abroad by Jordanians.

^{^3/}Cost for cash buy–back operations for debt to commercial banks and Russia, etc.

^{^4/}Estimated transfer of savings held abroad by Jordanians.

^{^5/}Includes estimated re–transfer of money to the WBGS, which was previously remitted from Palestinian/Jordanian workers abroad to Jordan.

^{^6/}Excludes changes of liability of the CBJ to the IMF.

^{^7/}Unrecurrent aid of grants and loans from Gulf Crisis Financial Cooperation Group.

^{^8/}Imports adjusted for re–exports.

^{^9/}The figure US$650 million was based on projections during the mission. The actual figure for end–1996 is USS697 million (2.1 months of imports).

Table 29.

Jordan: Balance Sheet of the Central Bank, 1990–96

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

				1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996
Current Account
	Including grants			-754	-646	-774	-644	-399	-257	-217
	Excluding grants			-1,147	-810	-1,122	-984	-723	-582	-631
Trade of goods and services				-1,176	-918	-1,268	-1,019	-725	-564	-611
	Trade balance			-1,668	-1,460	-2,151	-2,287	-1,950	-1,922	-2,374
		Exports, f.o.b.		1,064	1,132	1,220	1,248	1,424	1,771	1,913
		Imports, c.i.f.		2,732	2,592	3,370	3,535	3,374	3,693	4,287
			Foodstuffs	609	613	612	628	586	598	863
			Oil and oil products	470	364	446	454	430	480	518
			Other	1,653	1,615	2,312	2,453	2,357	2,615	2,906
	Services (net)			492	542	883	1,268	1,225	1,358	1,763
		Remittances (net)		430	389	739	962	1,000	1,137	1,352
			Receipts ^1/	500	450	825	1,040	1,093	1,244	1,464
			Payments	71	61	86	78	93	107	112
		Travel (net)		176	35	112	218	188	235	345
			Receipts	512	317	462	563	582	660	770
			Payments	336	282	350	345	394	425	425
		Investment income (net)		-403	-363	-349	-310	-315	-278	-302
			Receipts	67	114	112	99	73	116	115
			Payments (scheduled)	470	477	461	409	388	394	417
		Transportation		20	81	33	67	46	26	38
			Receipts	369	250	329	366	350	417	396
			Payments	349	169	296	299	304	392	358
		Other (net)		269	400	348	331	306	239	330
			Receipts	567	786	656	645	629	631	711
			Payments	298	386	308	314	323	392	381
Unrequited transfers				422	272	494	375	326	307	394
	Private ^2/			29	108	146	35	2	-19	-20
	Public (grants)			393	164	348	340	324	326	414
Capital Account				-250	74	170	-147	-55	216	184
	Public Sector			-431	-671	-337	-415	-272	-21	-18
		Receipts		439	135	335	155	242	510	506
		Payments (scheduled)		871	806	672	570	514	531	526
	Cost of restructuring ^3/			--	--	158	232	35	1	3
	Private sector (net)			69	26	45	20	26	40	60
	Transfer of workers’ savings ^4/			112	719	619	480	226	197	145
Errors and Omissions ^5/				243	305	116	220	17	-268	-374
Overall balance				-761	-267	-488	-571	-437	-309	-407
Financing				761	267	486	571	437	309	407
	Increase in NFA(−) ^6/			-342	-1,093	-51	95	-56	-248	-77
		Of which: Increase in gross reserves (−)		--	604	56	174	164	4	-223
	IMF (net)			-9	--	31	-41	56	106	98
		Purchase		--	--	31	5	93	115	120
		Repurchase		9	--	--	46	37	8	22
	Arab Monetary Fund (net)			-2	-7	-9	-7	13	15	6
	Debt rescheduling			610	98	1,149	602	424	387	314
	Other exceptional sources			504	1,270	-632	-78	--	49	66
		GCFCG grants and loans ^7/		327	726	28	35	--	--	--
		Change in deferred payments		177	544	-660	-113	--	49	66
Memorandum items:
	Gross official reserves
			in millions of VS. dollars	221.0	825.0	769.0	595.2	431.2	427.0	650.0 ^9/
			in months of imports ^8/	1.0	4.2	3.0	22	1.7	1.5	2.0
	Current account balance as percent of GDP
		Including grants		-18.7	-15.4	-15.1	-11.7	-6.6	-3.9	-3.0
		Excluding grants		-28.5	-19.3	-21.8	-17.9	-12.0	-8.8	-8.7
	Total debt service (including IMF)			--	1,278.9	1,133.3	1,014.4	914.1	916.4	944.3
	Debt service as percent of exports of GNFS			--	51.5	42.5	35.9	30.6	26.3	24.9
	Interest payments as percent of GDP			--	10.7	8.4	7.1	5.9	5.7	5.5
	Debt as percent of GDP			188.8	174.6	128.9	121.0	112.0	103.0	99.9

Sources: The Jordanian authorities; and staff estimates.

^{^1/}Remittance from Jordanians working abroad.

^{^2/}Includes transfer from foreign private aid organizations and transfers abroad by Jordanians.

^{^3/}Cost for cash buy–back operations for debt to commercial banks and Russia, etc.

^{^4/}Estimated transfer of savings held abroad by Jordanians.

^{^5/}Includes estimated re–transfer of money to the WBGS, which was previously remitted from Palestinian/Jordanian workers abroad to Jordan.

^{^6/}Excludes changes of liability of the CBJ to the IMF.

^{^7/}Unrecurrent aid of grants and loans from Gulf Crisis Financial Cooperation Group.

^{^8/}Imports adjusted for re–exports.

^{^9/}The figure US$650 million was based on projections during the mission. The actual figure for end–1996 is USS697 million (2.1 months of imports).

Table 30.

Jordan: Developments in Exports, 1990–95

Source: The Jordanian authorities.

Table 30.

Jordan: Developments in Exports, 1990–95

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
			(In millions of U.S. dollars)
Domestic Exports			922.7	879.4	932.3	997.8	1,136.0	1,433.3
	Phosphates		209.0	180.8	180.1	141.3	143.7	150.5
		Volume (1000 metric tons)	4,874.0	4,245.7	4,263.9	3,532.5	3,830.0	3,878.5
		Unit price (US$/metric ton)	42.9	42.6	42.2	40.0	37.5	38.8
	Fertilizers		119.6	127.1	106.6	80.3	127.5	161.4
		Volume (1000 metric tons)	645.0	579.5	597.5	505.0	687.0	686.6
		Unit price (US$/metric ton)	185.5	219.2	178.4	159.0	185.6	235.0
	Potash		133.4	142.2	126.8	124.2	132.5	173.5
		Volume (1000 metric tons)	1,400.0	1,411.6	1,233.2	1,400.0	1,516.0	1,774.3
		Unit price (US$/metric ton)	95.3	101.7	102.8	88.7	87.4	97.8
	Other		460.6	429.3	518.8	652.0	732.3	947.9
		Fruit and vegetables	67.4	80.1	73.5	99.8	93.4	97.3
		Miscellaneous manufactures	185.6	143.2	176.3	227.4	237.3	272.4
		Chemicals	165.2	133.1	183.1	201.8	247.8	269.7
		Miscellaneous	42.4	72.9	85.9	123.0	153.8	308.5
Re–exports			141.4	252.8	287.6	250.2	288.0	337.6
Total exports			1,064.1	1,132.2	1,219.9	1,248.0	1,424.0	1,770.9
			(Percentage change over previous year)
Domestic exports			-0.7	-4.7	6.0	7.0	13.8	26.2
	Phosphates		-17.9	-13.5	-0.4	-21.5	1.7	4.7
		Volume	-24.0	-12.9	0.4	-17.2	8.4	1.3
		Unit price	8.0	-0.7	-0.8	-5.3	-6.2	3.4
	Fertilizers		-0.3	6.2	-16.1	-24.7	58.8	26.5
		Volume	10.4	2.8	-9.9	-24.7	36.0	-0.1
		Unit price	-9.7	3.3	-6.9	-10.9	16.7	26.6
	Potash		7.7	6.6	-10.8	-2.0	6.7	31.0
		Volume	11.2	-9.6	-2.5	13.5	8.3	17.0
		Unit Price	-3.2	17.9	-8.5	-18.3	4.0	11.9
	Other		6.9	-6.8	20.8	25.7	12.3	29.4
		Fruits and vegetables	…	18.8	-8.2	35.8	-6.4	4.2
		Miscellaneous manufactures	…	-22.8	23.1	29.0	4.4	14.8
		Chemicals	…	-19.4	37.6	10.2	22.8	8.8
		Miscellaneous	…	71.9	17.8	43.2	25.0	100.6
Re–exports			-21.5	78.8	13.8	-13.0	15.1	17.2
Total exports			-4.1	6.4	7.7	2.3	14.1	24.4

Source: The Jordanian authorities.

Table 30.

Jordan: Developments in Exports, 1990–95

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
			(In millions of U.S. dollars)
Domestic Exports			922.7	879.4	932.3	997.8	1,136.0	1,433.3
	Phosphates		209.0	180.8	180.1	141.3	143.7	150.5
		Volume (1000 metric tons)	4,874.0	4,245.7	4,263.9	3,532.5	3,830.0	3,878.5
		Unit price (US$/metric ton)	42.9	42.6	42.2	40.0	37.5	38.8
	Fertilizers		119.6	127.1	106.6	80.3	127.5	161.4
		Volume (1000 metric tons)	645.0	579.5	597.5	505.0	687.0	686.6
		Unit price (US$/metric ton)	185.5	219.2	178.4	159.0	185.6	235.0
	Potash		133.4	142.2	126.8	124.2	132.5	173.5
		Volume (1000 metric tons)	1,400.0	1,411.6	1,233.2	1,400.0	1,516.0	1,774.3
		Unit price (US$/metric ton)	95.3	101.7	102.8	88.7	87.4	97.8
	Other		460.6	429.3	518.8	652.0	732.3	947.9
		Fruit and vegetables	67.4	80.1	73.5	99.8	93.4	97.3
		Miscellaneous manufactures	185.6	143.2	176.3	227.4	237.3	272.4
		Chemicals	165.2	133.1	183.1	201.8	247.8	269.7
		Miscellaneous	42.4	72.9	85.9	123.0	153.8	308.5
Re–exports			141.4	252.8	287.6	250.2	288.0	337.6
Total exports			1,064.1	1,132.2	1,219.9	1,248.0	1,424.0	1,770.9
			(Percentage change over previous year)
Domestic exports			-0.7	-4.7	6.0	7.0	13.8	26.2
	Phosphates		-17.9	-13.5	-0.4	-21.5	1.7	4.7
		Volume	-24.0	-12.9	0.4	-17.2	8.4	1.3
		Unit price	8.0	-0.7	-0.8	-5.3	-6.2	3.4
	Fertilizers		-0.3	6.2	-16.1	-24.7	58.8	26.5
		Volume	10.4	2.8	-9.9	-24.7	36.0	-0.1
		Unit price	-9.7	3.3	-6.9	-10.9	16.7	26.6
	Potash		7.7	6.6	-10.8	-2.0	6.7	31.0
		Volume	11.2	-9.6	-2.5	13.5	8.3	17.0
		Unit Price	-3.2	17.9	-8.5	-18.3	4.0	11.9
	Other		6.9	-6.8	20.8	25.7	12.3	29.4
		Fruits and vegetables	…	18.8	-8.2	35.8	-6.4	4.2
		Miscellaneous manufactures	…	-22.8	23.1	29.0	4.4	14.8
		Chemicals	…	-19.4	37.6	10.2	22.8	8.8
		Miscellaneous	…	71.9	17.8	43.2	25.0	100.6
Re–exports			-21.5	78.8	13.8	-13.0	15.1	17.2
Total exports			-4.1	6.4	7.7	2.3	14.1	24.4

Source: The Jordanian authorities.

Table 31.

Jordan: Developments in Imports, 1990–95

Source: The Jordanian authorities.

^{^1/}Adjusted for imports by the non–residents (mostly by embassies and multilateral agencies).

Table 31.

Jordan: Developments in Imports, 1990–95

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
			(In millions of U.S. dollars)
Food and live animals			608.7	613.5	612.0	627.8	586.1	598.2
Beverages and tobacco			14.8	14.0	13.7	13.9	20.0	14.1
Raw materials			65.1	86.5	67.0	80.1	102.7	130.0
Petroleum and petroleum products			470.3	363.5	446.3	454.3	430.2	480.0
	oil products		114.5	115.0	109.7	112.6	97.7	124.3
		volume (1000 tons)	…	…	942.0	1,080.9	1,030.2	921.6
		unit price (US$/ton)	…	…	116.5	104.5	94.8	…
	crude oil		355.8	248.5	336.6	341.7	332.5	355.7
		volume (1000 barrels)	…	…	21,870.8	24,062.2	23,674.0	23336.0
		unit price (for Iraqi oil)(US$)	…	…	15.4	14.2	14.0	152
		international spot price (US$)	…	…	18.2	16.2	15.5	17.2
Oils and fat			33.0	34.8	55.4	61.6	118.1	135.1
Chemicals			286.6	321.4	361.2	358.8	400.5	453.3
Manufactured goods			451.6	481.5	654.4	731.4	618.4	719.2
Machinery and transport			493.1	526.7	922.2	953.8	859.0	905.7
Other manufactures			138.8	137.9	222.3	217.6	216.9	210.0
Aircrafts			148.0	--	--	--	--	--
Other imports			38.7	20.1	24.7	41.8	28.9	50.5
Total imports (customs), c.i.f.			2,748.7	2,599.8	3379.2	3,540.6	3380.8	3,696.1
	Of which: non–oil imports		2,278.4	2,236.3	2,932.9	3,087.0	2,950.6	3,216.1
Total imports (BOP), c.i.f. ^1/			2,732.0	2,592.2	3,370.4	3,535.3	3,373.6	3,693.1
			(Percentage change over previous year)
Food and live animals			64.8	0.8	-0.2	2.6	-6.6	2.1
Beverages and tobacco			-10.8	-5.7	-1.8	1.5	43.9	-29.5
Raw materials			-14.3	32.9	-22.6	19.6	282	26.6
Petroleum and petroleum products			13.3	-22.7	22.8	1.8	-5.3	11.6
	Oil products		…	0.4	-4.6	2.6	-13.2	27.2
	Crude oil		…	-30.2	35.5	1.4	-2.6	7.0
		volume	…	…	…	10.0	-1.6	-1.4
		unit price (actual price for Iraqi oil)	…	…	…	-7.8	-1.0	8.5
Oils and fat			144.4	5.5	59.2	11.2	91.7	14.4
Chemicals			14.2	12.1	12.4	-0.7	11.6	132
Manufactured goods			7.2	6.6	35.9	11.8	-15.4	16.3
Machinery and transport			2.0	6.8	75.1	3.4	-9.9	5.4
Other manufactures			-12.5	-0.6	61.2	-2.1	-0.3	-32
Other imports			-43.6	-48.1	22.9	692	-30.9	74.7
Total imports (customs), c.i.f.			14.6	-5.4	30.0	4.8	-4.5	9.3
	Of which: non–oil imports		14.9	-1.8	31.1	5.3	-4.4	9.0
Total imports (BOP), c.i.f ^1/			14.6	-5.1	30.0	4.9	-4.6	9.5

Source: The Jordanian authorities.

^{^1/}Adjusted for imports by the non–residents (mostly by embassies and multilateral agencies).

Table 31.

Jordan: Developments in Imports, 1990–95

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
			(In millions of U.S. dollars)
Food and live animals			608.7	613.5	612.0	627.8	586.1	598.2
Beverages and tobacco			14.8	14.0	13.7	13.9	20.0	14.1
Raw materials			65.1	86.5	67.0	80.1	102.7	130.0
Petroleum and petroleum products			470.3	363.5	446.3	454.3	430.2	480.0
	oil products		114.5	115.0	109.7	112.6	97.7	124.3
		volume (1000 tons)	…	…	942.0	1,080.9	1,030.2	921.6
		unit price (US$/ton)	…	…	116.5	104.5	94.8	…
	crude oil		355.8	248.5	336.6	341.7	332.5	355.7
		volume (1000 barrels)	…	…	21,870.8	24,062.2	23,674.0	23336.0
		unit price (for Iraqi oil)(US$)	…	…	15.4	14.2	14.0	152
		international spot price (US$)	…	…	18.2	16.2	15.5	17.2
Oils and fat			33.0	34.8	55.4	61.6	118.1	135.1
Chemicals			286.6	321.4	361.2	358.8	400.5	453.3
Manufactured goods			451.6	481.5	654.4	731.4	618.4	719.2
Machinery and transport			493.1	526.7	922.2	953.8	859.0	905.7
Other manufactures			138.8	137.9	222.3	217.6	216.9	210.0
Aircrafts			148.0	--	--	--	--	--
Other imports			38.7	20.1	24.7	41.8	28.9	50.5
Total imports (customs), c.i.f.			2,748.7	2,599.8	3379.2	3,540.6	3380.8	3,696.1
	Of which: non–oil imports		2,278.4	2,236.3	2,932.9	3,087.0	2,950.6	3,216.1
Total imports (BOP), c.i.f. ^1/			2,732.0	2,592.2	3,370.4	3,535.3	3,373.6	3,693.1
			(Percentage change over previous year)
Food and live animals			64.8	0.8	-0.2	2.6	-6.6	2.1
Beverages and tobacco			-10.8	-5.7	-1.8	1.5	43.9	-29.5
Raw materials			-14.3	32.9	-22.6	19.6	282	26.6
Petroleum and petroleum products			13.3	-22.7	22.8	1.8	-5.3	11.6
	Oil products		…	0.4	-4.6	2.6	-13.2	27.2
	Crude oil		…	-30.2	35.5	1.4	-2.6	7.0
		volume	…	…	…	10.0	-1.6	-1.4
		unit price (actual price for Iraqi oil)	…	…	…	-7.8	-1.0	8.5
Oils and fat			144.4	5.5	59.2	11.2	91.7	14.4
Chemicals			14.2	12.1	12.4	-0.7	11.6	132
Manufactured goods			7.2	6.6	35.9	11.8	-15.4	16.3
Machinery and transport			2.0	6.8	75.1	3.4	-9.9	5.4
Other manufactures			-12.5	-0.6	61.2	-2.1	-0.3	-32
Other imports			-43.6	-48.1	22.9	692	-30.9	74.7
Total imports (customs), c.i.f.			14.6	-5.4	30.0	4.8	-4.5	9.3
	Of which: non–oil imports		14.9	-1.8	31.1	5.3	-4.4	9.0
Total imports (BOP), c.i.f ^1/			14.6	-5.1	30.0	4.9	-4.6	9.5

Source: The Jordanian authorities.

^{^1/}Adjusted for imports by the non–residents (mostly by embassies and multilateral agencies).

Table 32.

Jordan: Composition of Imports (SITC Classification), 1990–95

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Customs basis.

Table 32.

Jordan: Composition of Imports (SITC Classification), 1990–95

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
Total imports, c. i. f. ^1/			1,725.8	1,710.5	2,276.0	2,453.6	2,362.6	2,590.3
	Food and live animals		403.9	417.7	416.0	435.1	409.7	419.2
		Live animals	21.3	37.5	26.1	27.9	30.9	29.8
		Dairy products and eggs	27.5	34.4	34.6	41.4	30.8	39.1
		Wheat and wheat flour	74.4	61.8	54.2	76.1	52.3	41.0
		Rice	27.9	26.9	20.9	20.5	16.0	21.7
		Sugar	54.0	45.9	28.8	33.1	56.3	29.7
		Fruits, vegetables and nuts	27.0	33.4	41.5	26.1	28.3	43.2
		Coffee, tea, cocoa, and spices	13.3	14.1	13.5	10.6	14.8	18.7
		Others	158.5	163.7	196.4	199.4	180.3	196.0
	Beverages and tobacco		9.8	9.5	9.3	9.6	13.9	9.9
	Raw materials (excluding fuels)		43.2	58.9	45.5	55.5	71.6	91.1
	Petroleum, fuels, and lubricants		312.1	247.5	303.4	314.8	300.7	336.4
		Of which: crude oil	236.1	193.7	228.8	236.8	232.3	249.3
	Oils and fats		21.9	23.7	37.6	42.7	82.5	94.7
	Chemicals, of which:		190.2	218.8	245.6	248.6	279.9	317.7
		Medical and pharmaceutical products	37.2	38.5	56.7	67.4	67.2	87.9
		Essential oils and cleaning preparations	10.0	10.3	16.6	20.5	14.5	17.0
	Manufactured goods		299.7	327.8	444.9	506.7	432.2	504.0
		Rubber products	20.8	24.4	31.2	30.9	26.5	31.3
		Paper and cardboard	38.3	43.2	49.3	55.5	46.5	73.1
		Textile yarn and fabrics	70.8	77.0	94.4	95.0	87.7	89.3
		Others	169.8	183.2	270.0	325.3	2715	3103
	Machinery and transport equipment		327.2	299.1	605.8	660.9	6003	634.7
		Machinery	150.6	149.2	273.7	375.5	361.4	362.6
		Transport equipment and parts	176.6	149.9	332.1	285.4	239.0	272.1
	Other manufactured goods		92.1	93.9	151.1	150.7	151.6	147.2
		Clothing and footwear	21.0	25.2	42.1	42.1	35.6	44.3
		Scientific instruments	18.6	20.9	39.8	38.3	41.4	363
		Others	52.5	47.8	69.2	70.3	74.6	66.6
	Commodities and transactions, n.e.s.		25.7	13.6	16.8	29.0	20.2	35.4

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Customs basis.

Table 32.

Jordan: Composition of Imports (SITC Classification), 1990–95

(In millions of Jordan dinars)

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
Total imports, c. i. f. ^1/			1,725.8	1,710.5	2,276.0	2,453.6	2,362.6	2,590.3
	Food and live animals		403.9	417.7	416.0	435.1	409.7	419.2
		Live animals	21.3	37.5	26.1	27.9	30.9	29.8
		Dairy products and eggs	27.5	34.4	34.6	41.4	30.8	39.1
		Wheat and wheat flour	74.4	61.8	54.2	76.1	52.3	41.0
		Rice	27.9	26.9	20.9	20.5	16.0	21.7
		Sugar	54.0	45.9	28.8	33.1	56.3	29.7
		Fruits, vegetables and nuts	27.0	33.4	41.5	26.1	28.3	43.2
		Coffee, tea, cocoa, and spices	13.3	14.1	13.5	10.6	14.8	18.7
		Others	158.5	163.7	196.4	199.4	180.3	196.0
	Beverages and tobacco		9.8	9.5	9.3	9.6	13.9	9.9
	Raw materials (excluding fuels)		43.2	58.9	45.5	55.5	71.6	91.1
	Petroleum, fuels, and lubricants		312.1	247.5	303.4	314.8	300.7	336.4
		Of which: crude oil	236.1	193.7	228.8	236.8	232.3	249.3
	Oils and fats		21.9	23.7	37.6	42.7	82.5	94.7
	Chemicals, of which:		190.2	218.8	245.6	248.6	279.9	317.7
		Medical and pharmaceutical products	37.2	38.5	56.7	67.4	67.2	87.9
		Essential oils and cleaning preparations	10.0	10.3	16.6	20.5	14.5	17.0
	Manufactured goods		299.7	327.8	444.9	506.7	432.2	504.0
		Rubber products	20.8	24.4	31.2	30.9	26.5	31.3
		Paper and cardboard	38.3	43.2	49.3	55.5	46.5	73.1
		Textile yarn and fabrics	70.8	77.0	94.4	95.0	87.7	89.3
		Others	169.8	183.2	270.0	325.3	2715	3103
	Machinery and transport equipment		327.2	299.1	605.8	660.9	6003	634.7
		Machinery	150.6	149.2	273.7	375.5	361.4	362.6
		Transport equipment and parts	176.6	149.9	332.1	285.4	239.0	272.1
	Other manufactured goods		92.1	93.9	151.1	150.7	151.6	147.2
		Clothing and footwear	21.0	25.2	42.1	42.1	35.6	44.3
		Scientific instruments	18.6	20.9	39.8	38.3	41.4	363
		Others	52.5	47.8	69.2	70.3	74.6	66.6
	Commodities and transactions, n.e.s.		25.7	13.6	16.8	29.0	20.2	35.4

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

^{^1/}Customs basis.

Table 33.

Jordan: Direction of Foreign Trade, 1990–95

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

Table 33.

Jordan: Direction of Foreign Trade, 1990–95

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
			(In millions of Jordan dinars)
Domestic exports, f. o. b.			612.3	598.6	633.8	691.3	793.9	1,004.5
	Arab countries		258.9	172.3	222.4	285.3	337.0	451.6
		Saudi Arabia	46.8	11.0	70.1	80.1	72.3	70.3
		Iraq	118.5	55.8	48.8	77.5	105.3	190.8
		United Arab Emirates	21.5	26.1	25.9	30.4	39.0	43.6
European Union			22.1	18.5	19.1	27.9	40.4	63.0
India			129.1	109.6	96.4	65.9	88.1	114.1
	Japan		13.0	10.6	12.1	9.8	12.6	13.1
	Eastern European countries		24.4	27.8	15.7	32.9	13.7	19.1
	People’s Republic of China		18.0	32.6	14.0	16.5	8.2	13.3
	Other countries		146.8	227.2	254.1	253.0	293.9	330.3
Imports, c.i.f.			1,725.8	1,710.5	2,214.1	2,453.6	2,362.6	2,590.3
	Arab countries		448.4	338.6	462.0	498.8	530.5	608.5
		Saudi Arabia	76.4	27.7	39.3	48.6	71.5	91.4
		Iraq	273.2	170.8	295.4	307.0	298.4	316.3
		United Arab Emirates	3.0	2.4	6.0	6.0	8.3	11.2
	European Union		531.4	552.2	698.7	814.4	838.2	859.3
		France	97.9	73.6	78.1	98.5	111.8	119.1
		Germany	101.2	1332	186.7	202.8	184.4	218.4
		Greece	6.9	15.9	9.4	152	9.4	8.2
		Italy	67.6	73.6	110.8	134.9	138.6	138.7
		United Kingdom	89.4	77.6	108.4	127.9	120.8	124.5
		Others	168.4	178.6	205.2	235.1	273.5	250.4
	Japan		54.3	61.1	132.2	123.6	93.6	91.4
	United States		299.5	178.2	246.2	311.5	232.5	240.5
	Eastern European countries		85.3	85.6	129.7	151.9	136.6	124.9
	People’s Republic of China		25.0	29.1	52.1	50.6	62.5	59.0
	Other countries		281.9	465.4	493.2	502.8	468.7	606.7
			(In percent of total)
Domestic exports, f. o. b.			100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
	Arab countries		42.3	28.8	35.1	41.3	42.4	45.0
		Saudi Arabia	7.6	1.8	11.1	11.6	9.1	7.0
		Iraq	19.4	9.3	7.7	112	13.3	19.0
		United Arab Emirates	3.5	4.4	4.1	4.4	4.9	4.3
	European Union		3.6	3.1	3.0	4.0	5.1	6.3
	India		21.1	18.3	15.2	9.5	11.1	11.4
	Japan		2.1	1.8	1.9	1.4	1.6	1.3
	Eastern European countries		4.0	4.6	2.5	4.8	1.7	1.9
	People’s Republic of China		2.9	5.4	2.2	2.4	1.0	1.3
	Other countries		24.0	38.0	40.1	36.6	37.0	32.9
Imports, c.i.f.			100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
	Arab countries		26.0	19.8	20.9	20.3	22.5	23.5
		Saudi Arabia	4.4	1.6	1.8	2.0	3.0	3.5
		Iraq	15.8	10.0	13.3	12.5	12.6	122
		United Arab Emirates	0.2	0.1	0.3	02	0.4	0.4
	European Union		30.8	32.3	31.6	33.2	35.5	33.2
		France	5.7	4.3	3.5	4.0	4.7	4.6
		Germany	5.9	7.8	8.4	8.3	7.8	8.4
		Greece	0.4	0.9	0.4	0.6	0.4	0.3
		Italy	3.9	4.3	5.0	5.5	5.9	5.4
		United Kingdom	5.2	4.5	4.9	52	5.1	4.8
		Others	9.8	10.4	9.3	9.6	11.6	9.7
	Japan		3.1	3.6	6.0	5.0	4.0	3.5
	United States		17.4	10.4	11.1	12.7	9.8	9.3
	Eastern European countries		4.9	5.0	5.9	6.2	5.8	4.8
	People’s Republic of China		1.4	1.7	2.4	2.1	2.6	2.3
	Other countries		16.3	27.2	22.3	20.5	19.8	23.4

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

Table 33.

Jordan: Direction of Foreign Trade, 1990–95

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
			(In millions of Jordan dinars)
Domestic exports, f. o. b.			612.3	598.6	633.8	691.3	793.9	1,004.5
	Arab countries		258.9	172.3	222.4	285.3	337.0	451.6
		Saudi Arabia	46.8	11.0	70.1	80.1	72.3	70.3
		Iraq	118.5	55.8	48.8	77.5	105.3	190.8
		United Arab Emirates	21.5	26.1	25.9	30.4	39.0	43.6
European Union			22.1	18.5	19.1	27.9	40.4	63.0
India			129.1	109.6	96.4	65.9	88.1	114.1
	Japan		13.0	10.6	12.1	9.8	12.6	13.1
	Eastern European countries		24.4	27.8	15.7	32.9	13.7	19.1
	People’s Republic of China		18.0	32.6	14.0	16.5	8.2	13.3
	Other countries		146.8	227.2	254.1	253.0	293.9	330.3
Imports, c.i.f.			1,725.8	1,710.5	2,214.1	2,453.6	2,362.6	2,590.3
	Arab countries		448.4	338.6	462.0	498.8	530.5	608.5
		Saudi Arabia	76.4	27.7	39.3	48.6	71.5	91.4
		Iraq	273.2	170.8	295.4	307.0	298.4	316.3
		United Arab Emirates	3.0	2.4	6.0	6.0	8.3	11.2
	European Union		531.4	552.2	698.7	814.4	838.2	859.3
		France	97.9	73.6	78.1	98.5	111.8	119.1
		Germany	101.2	1332	186.7	202.8	184.4	218.4
		Greece	6.9	15.9	9.4	152	9.4	8.2
		Italy	67.6	73.6	110.8	134.9	138.6	138.7
		United Kingdom	89.4	77.6	108.4	127.9	120.8	124.5
		Others	168.4	178.6	205.2	235.1	273.5	250.4
	Japan		54.3	61.1	132.2	123.6	93.6	91.4
	United States		299.5	178.2	246.2	311.5	232.5	240.5
	Eastern European countries		85.3	85.6	129.7	151.9	136.6	124.9
	People’s Republic of China		25.0	29.1	52.1	50.6	62.5	59.0
	Other countries		281.9	465.4	493.2	502.8	468.7	606.7
			(In percent of total)
Domestic exports, f. o. b.			100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
	Arab countries		42.3	28.8	35.1	41.3	42.4	45.0
		Saudi Arabia	7.6	1.8	11.1	11.6	9.1	7.0
		Iraq	19.4	9.3	7.7	112	13.3	19.0
		United Arab Emirates	3.5	4.4	4.1	4.4	4.9	4.3
	European Union		3.6	3.1	3.0	4.0	5.1	6.3
	India		21.1	18.3	15.2	9.5	11.1	11.4
	Japan		2.1	1.8	1.9	1.4	1.6	1.3
	Eastern European countries		4.0	4.6	2.5	4.8	1.7	1.9
	People’s Republic of China		2.9	5.4	2.2	2.4	1.0	1.3
	Other countries		24.0	38.0	40.1	36.6	37.0	32.9
Imports, c.i.f.			100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
	Arab countries		26.0	19.8	20.9	20.3	22.5	23.5
		Saudi Arabia	4.4	1.6	1.8	2.0	3.0	3.5
		Iraq	15.8	10.0	13.3	12.5	12.6	122
		United Arab Emirates	0.2	0.1	0.3	02	0.4	0.4
	European Union		30.8	32.3	31.6	33.2	35.5	33.2
		France	5.7	4.3	3.5	4.0	4.7	4.6
		Germany	5.9	7.8	8.4	8.3	7.8	8.4
		Greece	0.4	0.9	0.4	0.6	0.4	0.3
		Italy	3.9	4.3	5.0	5.5	5.9	5.4
		United Kingdom	5.2	4.5	4.9	52	5.1	4.8
		Others	9.8	10.4	9.3	9.6	11.6	9.7
	Japan		3.1	3.6	6.0	5.0	4.0	3.5
	United States		17.4	10.4	11.1	12.7	9.8	9.3
	Eastern European countries		4.9	5.0	5.9	6.2	5.8	4.8
	People’s Republic of China		1.4	1.7	2.4	2.1	2.6	2.3
	Other countries		16.3	27.2	22.3	20.5	19.8	23.4

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

Table 34.

Jordan: Terms of Trade, 1990–95

(1985 = 100)

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

Table 34.

Jordan: Terms of Trade, 1990–95

(1985 = 100)

	Exports	Imports	Terms of Trade
	(Unit Price Indices)
1990	173.0	161.5	107.1
1991	192.5	161.9	118.9
1992	185.5	152.9	121.3
1993	187.4	155.4	120.6
1994	196.3	151.1	129.9
1995	202.6	160.4	126.3
	(Unit Volume Indices)
1990	138.6	99.5
1991	121.8	98.3
1992	133.8	134.8
1993	144.5	147.0
1994	154.7	143.2
1995	190.3	151.2

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

Table 34.

Jordan: Terms of Trade, 1990–95

(1985 = 100)

	Exports	Imports	Terms of Trade
	(Unit Price Indices)
1990	173.0	161.5	107.1
1991	192.5	161.9	118.9
1992	185.5	152.9	121.3
1993	187.4	155.4	120.6
1994	196.3	151.1	129.9
1995	202.6	160.4	126.3
	(Unit Volume Indices)
1990	138.6	99.5
1991	121.8	98.3
1992	133.8	134.8
1993	144.5	147.0
1994	154.7	143.2
1995	190.3	151.2

Source: Central Bank of Jordan.

Table 35.

Jordan: Services Account, 1990–95

Source: The Jordanian authorities.

Table 35.

Jordan: Services Account, 1990–95

					1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
					(In millions of U.S. dollars)
Factor services, net					27.2	26.3	390.0	652.0	685.0	858.3
	Investment income				-402.6	-362.6	-349.0	-310.0	-315.0	-278.4
		Receipts			67.4	114.4	112.0	99.0	73.0	115.7
		Payments			470.0	477.0	461.0	409.0	388.0	394.1
			Profits and dividends		11.7	27.3	27.4	18.3	30.6	17.1
			Interest payments		--	449.7	433.6	390.7	357.4	377.0
				Of which: IMF charges	--	--	--	5.5	4.9	10.5
	Workers’ remittances				429.8	388.9	739.0	962.0	1,000.0	1,136.7
		Receipts			500.3	450.0	825.0	1,040.0	1,093.0	1,243.7
		Payments			70.5	61.1	86.0	78.0	93.0	107.0
Non–factor services, net					465.1	515.9	493.0	616.0	540.0	500.1
	Travel				175.9	35.4	112.0	218.0	188.0	235.1
		Receipts			512.1	317.3	462.0	563.0	582.0	660.3
		Payments			336.2	281.9	350.0	345.0	394.0	425.2
	Transportation				20.0	81.0	33.0	67.0	46.0	25.9
		Receipts			368.9	249.9	329.0	366.0	350.0	417.4
		Payments			348.9	168.9	296.0	299.0	304.0	391.5
	Government, N.I.E.				-132.8	-140.2	-143.0	-184.0	-177.0	-210.5
		Receipts			17.0	18.7	14.0	14.0	19.0	19.8
		Payments			149.8	158.9	157.0	198.0	196.0	230.3
	Other				402.0	539.7	491.0	515.0	483.0	449.6
		Receipts			549.8	767.0	642.0	631.0	610.0	611.4
		Payments			147.8	227.3	151.0	116.0	127.0	161.8
Total services, net					492.3	542.2	883.0	1,268.0	1,225.0	1,358.4
					(Percentage change over previous year)
	Investment income
		Receipts			67.7	69.7	-2.1	-11.6	-26.3	58.5
		Payments			10.4	1.5	-3.4	-11.3	-5.1	1.6
	Workers’ remittances
		Receipts			-19.7	-10.1	83.3	26.1	5.1	13.8
		Payments			-22.1	-13.3	40.8	-9.3	19.2	15.1
	Travel
		Receipts			-6.4	-38.0	45.6	21.9	3.4	13.5
		Payments			-20.3	-16.2	24.2	-1.4	14.2	7.9
	Transportation
		Receipts			34.9	-32.3	31.7	11.2	-4.4	19.3
		Payments			45.4	-51.5	75.3	1.0	1.7	28.8
	Government, N.I.E.
		Receipts			-6.1	10.0	-25.1	--	35.7	4.2
		Payments			45.4	6.1	-1.2	26.1	-1.0	17.5
	Other
		Receipts			37.0	39.5	-16.3	-1.7	-3.3	0.2
		Payments			115.5	53.8	-33.6	-23.2	9.5	27.4

Source: The Jordanian authorities.

Table 35.

Jordan: Services Account, 1990–95

					1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
					(In millions of U.S. dollars)
Factor services, net					27.2	26.3	390.0	652.0	685.0	858.3
	Investment income				-402.6	-362.6	-349.0	-310.0	-315.0	-278.4
		Receipts			67.4	114.4	112.0	99.0	73.0	115.7
		Payments			470.0	477.0	461.0	409.0	388.0	394.1
			Profits and dividends		11.7	27.3	27.4	18.3	30.6	17.1
			Interest payments		--	449.7	433.6	390.7	357.4	377.0
				Of which: IMF charges	--	--	--	5.5	4.9	10.5
	Workers’ remittances				429.8	388.9	739.0	962.0	1,000.0	1,136.7
		Receipts			500.3	450.0	825.0	1,040.0	1,093.0	1,243.7
		Payments			70.5	61.1	86.0	78.0	93.0	107.0
Non–factor services, net					465.1	515.9	493.0	616.0	540.0	500.1
	Travel				175.9	35.4	112.0	218.0	188.0	235.1
		Receipts			512.1	317.3	462.0	563.0	582.0	660.3
		Payments			336.2	281.9	350.0	345.0	394.0	425.2
	Transportation				20.0	81.0	33.0	67.0	46.0	25.9
		Receipts			368.9	249.9	329.0	366.0	350.0	417.4
		Payments			348.9	168.9	296.0	299.0	304.0	391.5
	Government, N.I.E.				-132.8	-140.2	-143.0	-184.0	-177.0	-210.5
		Receipts			17.0	18.7	14.0	14.0	19.0	19.8
		Payments			149.8	158.9	157.0	198.0	196.0	230.3
	Other				402.0	539.7	491.0	515.0	483.0	449.6
		Receipts			549.8	767.0	642.0	631.0	610.0	611.4
		Payments			147.8	227.3	151.0	116.0	127.0	161.8
Total services, net					492.3	542.2	883.0	1,268.0	1,225.0	1,358.4
					(Percentage change over previous year)
	Investment income
		Receipts			67.7	69.7	-2.1	-11.6	-26.3	58.5
		Payments			10.4	1.5	-3.4	-11.3	-5.1	1.6
	Workers’ remittances
		Receipts			-19.7	-10.1	83.3	26.1	5.1	13.8
		Payments			-22.1	-13.3	40.8	-9.3	19.2	15.1
	Travel
		Receipts			-6.4	-38.0	45.6	21.9	3.4	13.5
		Payments			-20.3	-16.2	24.2	-1.4	14.2	7.9
	Transportation
		Receipts			34.9	-32.3	31.7	11.2	-4.4	19.3
		Payments			45.4	-51.5	75.3	1.0	1.7	28.8
	Government, N.I.E.
		Receipts			-6.1	10.0	-25.1	--	35.7	4.2
		Payments			45.4	6.1	-1.2	26.1	-1.0	17.5
	Other
		Receipts			37.0	39.5	-16.3	-1.7	-3.3	0.2
		Payments			115.5	53.8	-33.6	-23.2	9.5	27.4

Source: The Jordanian authorities.

Table 36.

Jordan: Official Transfers, 1990–95

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

Source: The Jordanian authorities.

^{^1/}For 1991 onwards, the grants are in the form of petroleum imports from Iraq at prices below world market prices.

^{^2/}Under commodity import program.

^{^3/}United Nations Relief and Work Agency (for Palestinian refugees), etc.

^{^4/}Gulf Crisis Financial Coordination Group.

Table 36.

Jordan: Official Transfers, 1990–95

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
Bilateral grants			467.0	178.0	270.0	196.3	182.1	227.3
	Arab Countries		313.0	66.0	206.0	183.3	150.0	204.0
		Saudi Arabia	100.0	--	--	--	--	--
		Kuwait	83.0	--	--	--	--	--
		Iraq ^1/	45.0	66.0	206.0	183.3	150.0	204.0
		United Arab Emirates	60.0	--	--	--	--	--
		Oman	5.0	--	--	--	--	--
		Qatar	20.0	--	--	--	--	--
		Other
	Other Countries		154.0	112.0	64.0	13.0	32.1	23.3
		United States ^2/	20.0	18.0	32.0	13.0	18.0	6.5
		Japan	--	--	--	--	6.8	11.3
		Germany	118.0	83.0	--	--	--	--
		Italy	--	--	2.0	--	--	--
		Austria	--	--	4.0	--	3.0	--
		Canada	--	3.0	7.0	--	4.3	5.5
		Other	16.0	8.0	19.0	--	--	--
European Community			--	175.0	32.0	30.9	35.0	25.7
Emergency projects			--	12.0	28.0	16.0	--	--
UN agencies ^3/			80.0	80.0	46.0	113.1	106.7	72.5
Total grants			547.0	445.0	376.0	356.3	323.8	325.5
	Of which: GCFCG grants ^4/		154.0	281.0	28.0	16.0	--	--
Net grants above the line			393.0	164.0	348.0	340.3	323.8	325.5

Source: The Jordanian authorities.

^{^1/}For 1991 onwards, the grants are in the form of petroleum imports from Iraq at prices below world market prices.

^{^2/}Under commodity import program.

^{^3/}United Nations Relief and Work Agency (for Palestinian refugees), etc.

^{^4/}Gulf Crisis Financial Coordination Group.

Table 36.

Jordan: Official Transfers, 1990–95

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

			1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
Bilateral grants			467.0	178.0	270.0	196.3	182.1	227.3
	Arab Countries		313.0	66.0	206.0	183.3	150.0	204.0
		Saudi Arabia	100.0	--	--	--	--	--
		Kuwait	83.0	--	--	--	--	--
		Iraq ^1/	45.0	66.0	206.0	183.3	150.0	204.0
		United Arab Emirates	60.0	--	--	--	--	--
		Oman	5.0	--	--	--	--	--
		Qatar	20.0	--	--	--	--	--
		Other
	Other Countries		154.0	112.0	64.0	13.0	32.1	23.3
		United States ^2/	20.0	18.0	32.0	13.0	18.0	6.5
		Japan	--	--	--	--	6.8	11.3
		Germany	118.0	83.0	--	--	--	--
		Italy	--	--	2.0	--	--	--
		Austria	--	--	4.0	--	3.0	--
		Canada	--	3.0	7.0	--	4.3	5.5
		Other	16.0	8.0	19.0	--	--	--
European Community			--	175.0	32.0	30.9	35.0	25.7
Emergency projects			--	12.0	28.0	16.0	--	--
UN agencies ^3/			80.0	80.0	46.0	113.1	106.7	72.5
Total grants			547.0	445.0	376.0	356.3	323.8	325.5
	Of which: GCFCG grants ^4/		154.0	281.0	28.0	16.0	--	--
Net grants above the line			393.0	164.0	348.0	340.3	323.8	325.5

Source: The Jordanian authorities.

^{^1/}For 1991 onwards, the grants are in the form of petroleum imports from Iraq at prices below world market prices.

^{^2/}Under commodity import program.

^{^3/}United Nations Relief and Work Agency (for Palestinian refugees), etc.

^{^4/}Gulf Crisis Financial Coordination Group.

Table 37.

Jordan: Disbursement of Public and Publicly Guaranteed Loans, 1990–95 ^1/

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

Source: The Jordanian authorities.

^{^1/}Includes loans for Royal Jordanian Airlines.

^{^2/}Gulf Crisis Financial Coordination Group.

Table 37.

Jordan: Disbursement of Public and Publicly Guaranteed Loans, 1990–95 ^1/

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

				1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
Disbursements				632.6	581.4	335.2	174.0	241.9	510.0
	Of which: GCFCG loans			193.2	446.0	--	193	--	--
	Disbursements above the line			439.4	135.4	335.2	154.7	241.9	510.0
Medium and long–term				632.6	581.4	335.2	174.0	241.9	510.0
	Ministry of Planning (project loans)			92.4	99.0	74.0	93.2	122.0	98.0
	Ministry of Supply (commodity loans)			109.0	20.0	6.2	25.0	15.0	30.0
	Guaranteed loans ^1/			164.7	13.4	10.0	15.0	16.0	75.0
	Ministry of Finance (BOP and budget support)			73.3	3.0	245.0	21.5	88.9	307.0
		World Bank		73.3	3.0	83.0	21.5	18.0	130.0
			ERDLs	73.3	--	76.0	--	--	80.0
			SAL loans (ESAL and ASAL, etc.)	--	--	--	21.5	18.0	50.0
			Others (emergency loan, etc.)	--	3.0	7.0	--	--	--
		Bilateral, etc.		--	--	162.0	--	70.9	177.0
			EU	--	--	--	--	--	--
			Japan	--	--	123.0	--	40.0	166.0
			France	--	--	21.0	--	7.9	--
			Germany	--	--	7.0	--	4.0	--
			Others	--	--	11.0	--	19.0	U.0
	GCFCG loans ^2/			193.2	446.0	--	19.3	--	--
			Japan	163.2	414.0	--	--	--	--
			France	--	17.0	--	--	--	--
			Germany	30.0	15.0	--	19.3	--	--

Source: The Jordanian authorities.

^{^1/}Includes loans for Royal Jordanian Airlines.

^{^2/}Gulf Crisis Financial Coordination Group.

Table 37.

Jordan: Disbursement of Public and Publicly Guaranteed Loans, 1990–95 ^1/

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

				1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
Disbursements				632.6	581.4	335.2	174.0	241.9	510.0
	Of which: GCFCG loans			193.2	446.0	--	193	--	--
	Disbursements above the line			439.4	135.4	335.2	154.7	241.9	510.0
Medium and long–term				632.6	581.4	335.2	174.0	241.9	510.0
	Ministry of Planning (project loans)			92.4	99.0	74.0	93.2	122.0	98.0
	Ministry of Supply (commodity loans)			109.0	20.0	6.2	25.0	15.0	30.0
	Guaranteed loans ^1/			164.7	13.4	10.0	15.0	16.0	75.0
	Ministry of Finance (BOP and budget support)			73.3	3.0	245.0	21.5	88.9	307.0
		World Bank		73.3	3.0	83.0	21.5	18.0	130.0
			ERDLs	73.3	--	76.0	--	--	80.0
			SAL loans (ESAL and ASAL, etc.)	--	--	--	21.5	18.0	50.0
			Others (emergency loan, etc.)	--	3.0	7.0	--	--	--
		Bilateral, etc.		--	--	162.0	--	70.9	177.0
			EU	--	--	--	--	--	--
			Japan	--	--	123.0	--	40.0	166.0
			France	--	--	21.0	--	7.9	--
			Germany	--	--	7.0	--	4.0	--
			Others	--	--	11.0	--	19.0	U.0
	GCFCG loans ^2/			193.2	446.0	--	19.3	--	--
			Japan	163.2	414.0	--	--	--	--
			France	--	17.0	--	--	--	--
			Germany	30.0	15.0	--	19.3	--	--

Source: The Jordanian authorities.

^{^1/}Includes loans for Royal Jordanian Airlines.

^{^2/}Gulf Crisis Financial Coordination Group.

Table 38.

Jordan: Debt Service Payments, 1991–95

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

Source: The Jordanian authorities, and staff estimates.

Table 38.

Jordan: Debt Service Payments, 1991–95

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

			1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
Principal due
	Paris Club creditors (indusrial and other government)		300.8	271.1	265.0	280.7	291.9
	London Club creditors		189.4	183.7	107.0	27.3	27.3
	Other creditors (foreign companies)		93.2	132	9.3	9.6	8.8
	Subtotal		583.3	468.0	381.3	317.6	328.0
	Arab governments		57.0	56.8	51.4	46.1	38.3
	Multilateral		79.5	99.2	134.6	129.5	108.2
		Of which: IMF	--	--	45.6	37.1	8.3
		Of which: Arab Monetary Fund	6.1	27.7	7.9	6.0	--
	Other (bonds and leases)		109.4	75.7	56.4	63.5	64.9
	Total principal due		829.2	699.7	623.6	556.7	539.4
Interest due
	Paris Club creditors (industrial and other government)		190.8	197.1	194.0	1992	1983
	London Club creditors		77.8	88.4	64.5	37.5	42.1
	Other creditors (foreign companies)		34.0	3.7	2.3	1.8	1.2
	Subtotal		302.6	289.2	260.8	238.5	241.6
	Arab governments		15.6	152	13.8	11.9	10.5
	Multilateral		67.4	69.1	68.4	59.0	77.7
		Of which: IMF	--	--	5.5	4.9	10.5
		Of which: Arab Monetary Fund	--	--	--	--	--
	Other (bonds and leases)		64.2	60.1	47.8	48.0	472
	Total interest due		449.7	433.6	390.7	357.4	377.0
Total debt service (including IMF and AMF)			1,278.9	1,133.3	1,014.4	914.1	916.4
Memorandum Items:
	Total debt service / exports of GNFS
		Including IMF and AMF (percent)	51.5	42.5	35.9	30.6	263
		Excluding IMF and AMF (percent)	51.2	41.5	34.0	292	26.1
	Interest payments / GDP (percent)		10.7	8.4	7.1	5.9	5.7
	Total debt / GDP (percent)		174.6	128.9	121.0	112.0	103.0
	Exports of goods and nonfactor services		2,485	2,667	2,822	2,985	3,480
	Total debt		7,323	6,624	6,658	6,734	6,837
	GDP		4,193	5,139	5,503	6,013	6,640

Source: The Jordanian authorities, and staff estimates.

Table 38.

Jordan: Debt Service Payments, 1991–95

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

			1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
Principal due
	Paris Club creditors (indusrial and other government)		300.8	271.1	265.0	280.7	291.9
	London Club creditors		189.4	183.7	107.0	27.3	27.3
	Other creditors (foreign companies)		93.2	132	9.3	9.6	8.8
	Subtotal		583.3	468.0	381.3	317.6	328.0
	Arab governments		57.0	56.8	51.4	46.1	38.3
	Multilateral		79.5	99.2	134.6	129.5	108.2
		Of which: IMF	--	--	45.6	37.1	8.3
		Of which: Arab Monetary Fund	6.1	27.7	7.9	6.0	--
	Other (bonds and leases)		109.4	75.7	56.4	63.5	64.9
	Total principal due		829.2	699.7	623.6	556.7	539.4
Interest due
	Paris Club creditors (industrial and other government)		190.8	197.1	194.0	1992	1983
	London Club creditors		77.8	88.4	64.5	37.5	42.1
	Other creditors (foreign companies)		34.0	3.7	2.3	1.8	1.2
	Subtotal		302.6	289.2	260.8	238.5	241.6
	Arab governments		15.6	152	13.8	11.9	10.5
	Multilateral		67.4	69.1	68.4	59.0	77.7
		Of which: IMF	--	--	5.5	4.9	10.5
		Of which: Arab Monetary Fund	--	--	--	--	--
	Other (bonds and leases)		64.2	60.1	47.8	48.0	472
	Total interest due		449.7	433.6	390.7	357.4	377.0
Total debt service (including IMF and AMF)			1,278.9	1,133.3	1,014.4	914.1	916.4
Memorandum Items:
	Total debt service / exports of GNFS
		Including IMF and AMF (percent)	51.5	42.5	35.9	30.6	263
		Excluding IMF and AMF (percent)	51.2	41.5	34.0	292	26.1
	Interest payments / GDP (percent)		10.7	8.4	7.1	5.9	5.7
	Total debt / GDP (percent)		174.6	128.9	121.0	112.0	103.0
	Exports of goods and nonfactor services		2,485	2,667	2,822	2,985	3,480
	Total debt		7,323	6,624	6,658	6,734	6,837
	GDP		4,193	5,139	5,503	6,013	6,640

Source: The Jordanian authorities, and staff estimates.

Table 39.

Jordan: Outstanding External Debt, 1994–96 ^1/

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

Source: Ministry of Finance and Customs.

^{^1/}Public and publicly guaranteed medium–and long–term debt, end of period.

^{^2/}Includes par and discount exchange bonds, issued after the debt and debt service reduction operation, which are fully collateralized.

Table 39.

Jordan: Outstanding External Debt, 1994–96 ^1/

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

			1994	1995	Sept. 1996
Arab countries			356.0	357.7	355.2
	Bilateral loans		45.0	45.0	45.0
	Funds		311.0	312.7	310.2
Industrial countries			4,266.6	4,155.8	4,197.1
	Bilateral loans		2,102.5	2,164.4	2,148.2
	Export credit guarantees		2,164.1	1,991.4	2,048.9
Other countries			34.8	36.6	36.9
International banks ^2/			734.5	700.3	668.6
Multilateral institutions			1,047.5	1,341.1	1,504.1
	IMF		141.6	256.7	322.6
	World Bank		606.4	708.1	687.8
	Other multilateral		299.5	376.3	493.7
Leases			294.9	245.4	236.0
		Total	6,734.0	6,836.9	6,997.9
Memorandum item:
	Total debt as percent of GDP		112.0	102.9	96.4

Source: Ministry of Finance and Customs.

^{^1/}Public and publicly guaranteed medium–and long–term debt, end of period.

^{^2/}Includes par and discount exchange bonds, issued after the debt and debt service reduction operation, which are fully collateralized.

Table 39.

Jordan: Outstanding External Debt, 1994–96 ^1/

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

			1994	1995	Sept. 1996
Arab countries			356.0	357.7	355.2
	Bilateral loans		45.0	45.0	45.0
	Funds		311.0	312.7	310.2
Industrial countries			4,266.6	4,155.8	4,197.1
	Bilateral loans		2,102.5	2,164.4	2,148.2
	Export credit guarantees		2,164.1	1,991.4	2,048.9
Other countries			34.8	36.6	36.9
International banks ^2/			734.5	700.3	668.6
Multilateral institutions			1,047.5	1,341.1	1,504.1
	IMF		141.6	256.7	322.6
	World Bank		606.4	708.1	687.8
	Other multilateral		299.5	376.3	493.7
Leases			294.9	245.4	236.0
		Total	6,734.0	6,836.9	6,997.9
Memorandum item:
	Total debt as percent of GDP		112.0	102.9	96.4

Source: Ministry of Finance and Customs.

^{^1/}Public and publicly guaranteed medium–and long–term debt, end of period.

^{^2/}Includes par and discount exchange bonds, issued after the debt and debt service reduction operation, which are fully collateralized.

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Jordan: Statistical Appendix

Author:

International Monetary Fund

Volume/Issue:: Volume 1997: Issue 016

Publisher:: International Monetary Fund

ISBN:: 9781451820287

ISSN:: 1934-7685

Pages:: 43

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451820287.002

Keywords

Table 39.

Jordan: Outstanding External Debt, 1994–96 ^1/

(In millions of U.S. dollars)

			1994	1995	Sept. 1996
Arab countries			356.0	357.7	355.2
	Bilateral loans		45.0	45.0	45.0
	Funds		311.0	312.7	310.2
Industrial countries			4,266.6	4,155.8	4,197.1
	Bilateral loans		2,102.5	2,164.4	2,148.2
	Export credit guarantees		2,164.1	1,991.4	2,048.9
Other countries			34.8	36.6	36.9
International banks ^2/			734.5	700.3	668.6
Multilateral institutions			1,047.5	1,341.1	1,504.1
	IMF		141.6	256.7	322.6
	World Bank		606.4	708.1	687.8
	Other multilateral		299.5	376.3	493.7
Leases			294.9	245.4	236.0
		Total	6,734.0	6,836.9	6,997.9
Memorandum item:
	Total debt as percent of GDP		112.0	102.9	96.4

Source: Ministry of Finance and Customs.

^{^1/}Public and publicly guaranteed medium–and long–term debt, end of period.

^{^2/}Includes par and discount exchange bonds, issued after the debt and debt service reduction operation, which are fully collateralized.

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