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Individual Choice or Policies? Drivers of Female Employment in Europe
Author:
Lone Engbo Christiansen
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Ms. Huidan Huidan Lin
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Ms. Joana Pereira
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Petia Topalova https://isni.org/isni/0000000404811396 International Monetary Fund

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Ms. Rima A Turk
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5321-6524
Series:
IMF Working Papers
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2016: Issue 049
Language:
English
Publication Date:
07 Mar 2016
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5089/9781513551364.001
ISBN:
9781513551364
ISSN:
1018-5941
Pages:
44
Keywords:
WP; country; policy; wage; family allowance; Labor force participation; labor markets; gender gaps; International Social Survey Programme; childcare provision; employment rate; gender employment gap; employment decision; Women; Gender diversity; Employment; Europe
Legal-disclaimer:
IMF Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to encourage debate. The views expressed in IMF Working Papers are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the IMF, its Executive Board, or IMF management.
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Female labor force participation has increased markedly in many European countries during the past decades. Nonetheless, participation rates remain low in some economies, and a significant gender gap persists in most countries. Using micro-level data to control for factors that influence personal choice, we re-examine the determinants of female employment in Europe. The results highlight the importance of positive attitudes towards women working and individual characteristics such as years of education and number of children. However, even after controlling for these factors, policies are also key drivers of female employment.
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Cover IMF Working Papers
IMF Working Papers
ISSN:
1018-5941
Publisher:
International Monetary Fund