I. Methodology—Aggregation, Modeling, and Forecasting
World Economic Outlook | |
The Difficult Art of Forecasting | October 1996, Annex I |
World Current Account Discrepancy | October 1996, Annex III |
Alternative Exchange Rate Assumptions for Japan | October 1997, Box 2 |
Revised Purchasing Power Parity Based Weights for the World Economic Outlook | May 2000, Box A1 |
The Global Current Account Discrepancy | October 2000, Chapter I, Appendix II |
How Well Do Forecasters Predict Turning Points? | May 2001, Box 1.1 |
The Information Technology Revolution: Measurement Issues | October 2001, Box 3.1 |
Measuring Capital Account Liberalization | October 2001, Box 4.1 |
The Accuracy of World Economic Outlook Growth Forecasts: 1991–2000 | December 2001, Box 3.1 |
On the Accuracy of Forecasts of Recovery | April 2002, Box 1.2 |
The Global Current Account Discrepancy and Other Statistical Problems | September 2002, Box 2.1 |
The Global Economy Model | April 2003, Box 4.3 |
How Should We Measure Global Growth? | September 2003, Box 1.2 |
Measuring Foreign Reserves | September 2003, Box 2.2 |
The Effects of Tax Cuts in a Global Fiscal Model | April 2004, Box 2.2 |
How Accurate are the Forecasts in the World Economic Outlook? | April 2006, Box 1.3 |
Drawing the Line Between Personal and Corporate Savings | April 2006, Box 4.1 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
How Accurate Are the IMF’s Short-Term Forecasts? Another Examination of the World Economic OutlookMichael J. Artis | December 1997 |
IMF’s Estimates of Potential Output: Theory and Practice Paula R. De Masi | December 1997 |
Multilateral Unit-Labor-Cost-Based Competitiveness Indicators for Advanced, Developing, and Transition Countries Anthony G. Turner and Stephen Golub | December 1997 |
World Economic Outlook | |
The Difficult Art of Forecasting | October 1996, Annex I |
World Current Account Discrepancy | October 1996, Annex III |
Alternative Exchange Rate Assumptions for Japan | October 1997, Box 2 |
Revised Purchasing Power Parity Based Weights for the World Economic Outlook | May 2000, Box A1 |
The Global Current Account Discrepancy | October 2000, Chapter I, Appendix II |
How Well Do Forecasters Predict Turning Points? | May 2001, Box 1.1 |
The Information Technology Revolution: Measurement Issues | October 2001, Box 3.1 |
Measuring Capital Account Liberalization | October 2001, Box 4.1 |
The Accuracy of World Economic Outlook Growth Forecasts: 1991–2000 | December 2001, Box 3.1 |
On the Accuracy of Forecasts of Recovery | April 2002, Box 1.2 |
The Global Current Account Discrepancy and Other Statistical Problems | September 2002, Box 2.1 |
The Global Economy Model | April 2003, Box 4.3 |
How Should We Measure Global Growth? | September 2003, Box 1.2 |
Measuring Foreign Reserves | September 2003, Box 2.2 |
The Effects of Tax Cuts in a Global Fiscal Model | April 2004, Box 2.2 |
How Accurate are the Forecasts in the World Economic Outlook? | April 2006, Box 1.3 |
Drawing the Line Between Personal and Corporate Savings | April 2006, Box 4.1 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
How Accurate Are the IMF’s Short-Term Forecasts? Another Examination of the World Economic OutlookMichael J. Artis | December 1997 |
IMF’s Estimates of Potential Output: Theory and Practice Paula R. De Masi | December 1997 |
Multilateral Unit-Labor-Cost-Based Competitiveness Indicators for Advanced, Developing, and Transition Countries Anthony G. Turner and Stephen Golub | December 1997 |
II. Historical Surveys
World Economic Outlook | |
The Rise and Fall of Inflation—Lessons from Postwar Experience | October 1996, Chapter VI |
The World Economy in the Twentieth Century | May 2000, Chapter V |
The Monetary System and Growth During the Commercial Revolution | May 2000, Box 5.2 |
The Great Depression | April 2002, Box 3.2 |
Historical Evidence on Financial Crises | April 2002, Box 3.3 |
A Historical Perspective on Booms, Busts, and Recessions | April 2003, Box 2.1 |
Institutional Development: The Influence of History and Geography | April 2003, Box 3.1 |
Long-Term Interest Rates from a Historical Perspective | April 2006, Box 1.1 |
Recycling Petrodollars in the 1970s | April 2006, Box 2.2 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
Globalization and Growth in the Twentieth Century Nicholas Crafts | May 2000 |
The International Monetary System in the (Very) Long Run Barry Eichengreen and Nathan Sussman | May 2000 |
External Imbalances Then and Now | April 2005, Box 3.1 |
World Economic Outlook | |
The Rise and Fall of Inflation—Lessons from Postwar Experience | October 1996, Chapter VI |
The World Economy in the Twentieth Century | May 2000, Chapter V |
The Monetary System and Growth During the Commercial Revolution | May 2000, Box 5.2 |
The Great Depression | April 2002, Box 3.2 |
Historical Evidence on Financial Crises | April 2002, Box 3.3 |
A Historical Perspective on Booms, Busts, and Recessions | April 2003, Box 2.1 |
Institutional Development: The Influence of History and Geography | April 2003, Box 3.1 |
Long-Term Interest Rates from a Historical Perspective | April 2006, Box 1.1 |
Recycling Petrodollars in the 1970s | April 2006, Box 2.2 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
Globalization and Growth in the Twentieth Century Nicholas Crafts | May 2000 |
The International Monetary System in the (Very) Long Run Barry Eichengreen and Nathan Sussman | May 2000 |
External Imbalances Then and Now | April 2005, Box 3.1 |
III. Economic Growth—Sources and Patterns
World Economic Outlook | |
Saving in a Growing World Economy | May 1995, Chapter V |
North-South R&D Spillovers | May 1995, Box 6 |
Long-Term Growth Potential in the Countries in Transition | October 1996, Chapter V |
Globalization and the Opportunities for Developing Countries | May 1997, Chapter IV |
Measuring Productivity Gains in East Asian Economies | May 1997, Box 9 |
The Business Cycle, International Linkages, and Exchange Rates | May 1998, Chapter III |
The Asian Crisis and the Region’s Long-Term Growth Performance | October 1998, Chapter III |
Potential Macroeconomic Implications of the Year 2000 Computer Bug | May 1999, Box 1.2 |
Growth Divergences in the United States, Europe, and Japan: Long-Run Trend or Cyclical? | October 1999, Chapter III |
How Can the Poorest Countries Catch Up? | May 2000, Chapter IV |
Trends in the Human Development Index | May 2000, Box 5.1 |
Productivity Growth and IT in the Advanced Economies | October 2000, Chapter II |
Transition: Experience and Policy Issues | October 2000, Chapter III |
Business Linkages in Major Advanced Countries | October 2001, Chapter II |
How Do Macroeconomic Fluctuations in the Advanced Countries Affect the Developing Countries? | October 2001, Chapter II |
Confidence Spillovers | October 2001, Box 2.1 |
Channels of Business Cycle Transmission to Developing Countries | October 2001, Box 2.2 |
The Information Technology Revolution | October 2001, Chapter III |
Has the IT Revolution Reduced Output Volatility? | October 2001, Box 3.4 |
The Impact of Capital Account Liberalization on Economic Performance | October 2001, Box 4.2 |
How Has September 11 Influenced the Global Economy? | December 2001, Chapter II |
The Long-Term Impact of September 11 | December 2001, Box 2.1 |
Is Wealth Increasingly Driving Consumption? | April 2002, Chapter II |
Recessions and Recoveries | April 2002, Chapter III |
Was It a Global Recession? | April 2002, Box 1.1 |
How Important Is the Wealth Effect on Consumption? | April 2002, Box 2.1 |
A Household Perspective on the Wealth Effect | April 2002, Box 2.2 |
Measuring Business Cycles | April 2002, Box 3.1 |
Economic Fluctuations in Developing Countries | April 2002, Box 3.4 |
How Will Recent Falls in Equity Markets Affect Activity? | September 2002, Box 1.1 |
Reversal of Fortune: Productivity Growth in Europe and the United States | September 2002, Box 1.3 |
Growth and Institutions | April 2003, Chapter III |
Is the New Economy Dead? | April 2003, Box 1.2 |
Have External Anchors Accelerated Institutional Reform in Practice? | April 2003, Box 3.2 |
Institutional Development: The Role of the IMF | April 2003, Box 3.4 |
How Would War in Iraq Affect the Global Economy? | April 2003, Appendix 1.2 |
How Can Economic Growth in the Middle East and North Africa Region Be Accelerated? | September 2003, Chapter II |
Recent Changes in Monetary and Financial Conditions in the Major Currency Areas | September 2003, Box 1.1 |
Accounting for Growth in the Middle East and North Africa | September 2003, Box 2.1 |
Managing Increasing Aid Flows to Developing Countries | September 2003, Box 1.3 |
Fostering Structural Reforms in Industrial Countries | April 2004, Chapter III |
How Will Demographic Change Affect the Global Economy? | September 2004, Chapter III |
HIV/AIDS: Demographic, Economic, and Fiscal Consequences | September 2004, Box 3.3 |
Implications of Demographic Change for Health Care Systems | September 2004, Box 3.4 |
Workers’ Remittances and Economic Development | April 2005, Chapter II |
Output Volatility in Emerging Market and Developing Countries | April 2005, Chapter II |
How Does Macroeconomic Instability Stifle Sub-Saharan African Growth? | April 2005, Box 1.5 |
How Should Middle Eastern and Central Asian Oil Exporters Use Their Oil Revenues? | April 2005, Box 1.6 |
Why Is Volatility Harmful? | April 2005, Box 2.3 |
Building Institutions | September 2005, Chapter III |
Return on Investment in Industrial and Developing Countries | September 2005, Box 2.2 |
The Use of Specific Levers to Reduce Corruption | September 2005, Box 3.2 |
Examining the Impact of Unrequited Transfers on Institutions | September 2005, Box 3.3 |
The Impact of Recent Housing Market Adjustments in Industrial Countries | April 2006, Box 1.2 |
Awash With Cash: Why Are Corporate Savings So High? | April 2006, Chapter IV |
The Global Implications of an Avian Flu Pandemic | April 2006, Appendix 1.2 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
How Large Was the Output Collapse in Russia? Alternative Estimates and Welfare Implications Evgeny Gavrilenkov and Vincent Koen | September 1995 |
Deindustrialization: Causes and Implications Robert Rowthorn and Ramana Ramaswamy | December 1997 |
World Economic Outlook | |
Saving in a Growing World Economy | May 1995, Chapter V |
North-South R&D Spillovers | May 1995, Box 6 |
Long-Term Growth Potential in the Countries in Transition | October 1996, Chapter V |
Globalization and the Opportunities for Developing Countries | May 1997, Chapter IV |
Measuring Productivity Gains in East Asian Economies | May 1997, Box 9 |
The Business Cycle, International Linkages, and Exchange Rates | May 1998, Chapter III |
The Asian Crisis and the Region’s Long-Term Growth Performance | October 1998, Chapter III |
Potential Macroeconomic Implications of the Year 2000 Computer Bug | May 1999, Box 1.2 |
Growth Divergences in the United States, Europe, and Japan: Long-Run Trend or Cyclical? | October 1999, Chapter III |
How Can the Poorest Countries Catch Up? | May 2000, Chapter IV |
Trends in the Human Development Index | May 2000, Box 5.1 |
Productivity Growth and IT in the Advanced Economies | October 2000, Chapter II |
Transition: Experience and Policy Issues | October 2000, Chapter III |
Business Linkages in Major Advanced Countries | October 2001, Chapter II |
How Do Macroeconomic Fluctuations in the Advanced Countries Affect the Developing Countries? | October 2001, Chapter II |
Confidence Spillovers | October 2001, Box 2.1 |
Channels of Business Cycle Transmission to Developing Countries | October 2001, Box 2.2 |
The Information Technology Revolution | October 2001, Chapter III |
Has the IT Revolution Reduced Output Volatility? | October 2001, Box 3.4 |
The Impact of Capital Account Liberalization on Economic Performance | October 2001, Box 4.2 |
How Has September 11 Influenced the Global Economy? | December 2001, Chapter II |
The Long-Term Impact of September 11 | December 2001, Box 2.1 |
Is Wealth Increasingly Driving Consumption? | April 2002, Chapter II |
Recessions and Recoveries | April 2002, Chapter III |
Was It a Global Recession? | April 2002, Box 1.1 |
How Important Is the Wealth Effect on Consumption? | April 2002, Box 2.1 |
A Household Perspective on the Wealth Effect | April 2002, Box 2.2 |
Measuring Business Cycles | April 2002, Box 3.1 |
Economic Fluctuations in Developing Countries | April 2002, Box 3.4 |
How Will Recent Falls in Equity Markets Affect Activity? | September 2002, Box 1.1 |
Reversal of Fortune: Productivity Growth in Europe and the United States | September 2002, Box 1.3 |
Growth and Institutions | April 2003, Chapter III |
Is the New Economy Dead? | April 2003, Box 1.2 |
Have External Anchors Accelerated Institutional Reform in Practice? | April 2003, Box 3.2 |
Institutional Development: The Role of the IMF | April 2003, Box 3.4 |
How Would War in Iraq Affect the Global Economy? | April 2003, Appendix 1.2 |
How Can Economic Growth in the Middle East and North Africa Region Be Accelerated? | September 2003, Chapter II |
Recent Changes in Monetary and Financial Conditions in the Major Currency Areas | September 2003, Box 1.1 |
Accounting for Growth in the Middle East and North Africa | September 2003, Box 2.1 |
Managing Increasing Aid Flows to Developing Countries | September 2003, Box 1.3 |
Fostering Structural Reforms in Industrial Countries | April 2004, Chapter III |
How Will Demographic Change Affect the Global Economy? | September 2004, Chapter III |
HIV/AIDS: Demographic, Economic, and Fiscal Consequences | September 2004, Box 3.3 |
Implications of Demographic Change for Health Care Systems | September 2004, Box 3.4 |
Workers’ Remittances and Economic Development | April 2005, Chapter II |
Output Volatility in Emerging Market and Developing Countries | April 2005, Chapter II |
How Does Macroeconomic Instability Stifle Sub-Saharan African Growth? | April 2005, Box 1.5 |
How Should Middle Eastern and Central Asian Oil Exporters Use Their Oil Revenues? | April 2005, Box 1.6 |
Why Is Volatility Harmful? | April 2005, Box 2.3 |
Building Institutions | September 2005, Chapter III |
Return on Investment in Industrial and Developing Countries | September 2005, Box 2.2 |
The Use of Specific Levers to Reduce Corruption | September 2005, Box 3.2 |
Examining the Impact of Unrequited Transfers on Institutions | September 2005, Box 3.3 |
The Impact of Recent Housing Market Adjustments in Industrial Countries | April 2006, Box 1.2 |
Awash With Cash: Why Are Corporate Savings So High? | April 2006, Chapter IV |
The Global Implications of an Avian Flu Pandemic | April 2006, Appendix 1.2 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
How Large Was the Output Collapse in Russia? Alternative Estimates and Welfare Implications Evgeny Gavrilenkov and Vincent Koen | September 1995 |
Deindustrialization: Causes and Implications Robert Rowthorn and Ramana Ramaswamy | December 1997 |
IV. Inflation and Deflation; Commodity Markets
World Economic Outlook | |
The Rise and Fall of Inflation—Lessons from Postwar Experience | October 1996, Chapter VI |
World Oil Market: Recent Developments and Outlook | October 1996, Annex II |
Inflation Targets | October 1996, Box 8 |
Indexed Bonds and Expected Inflation | October 1996, Box 9 |
Effects of High Inflation on Income Distribution | October 1996, Box 10 |
Central Bank Independence and Inflation | October 1996, Box 11 |
Recent Developments in Primary Commodity Markets | May 1998, Annex II |
Japan’s Liquidity Trap | October 1998, Box 4.1 |
Safeguarding Macroeconomic Stability at Low Inflation | October 1999, Chapter IV |
Global Liquidity | October 1999, Box 4.4 |
Cycles in Nonfuel Commodity Prices | May 2000, Box 2.2 |
Booms and Slumps in the World Oil Market | May 2000, Box 2.3 |
Commodity Prices and Commodity Exporting Countries | October 2000, Chapter II |
Developments in the Oil Markets | October 2000, Box 2.2 |
The Decline of Inflation in Emerging Markets: Can It Be Maintained? | May 2001, Chapter IV |
The Global Slowdown and Commodity Prices | May 2001, Chapter I, Appendix 1 |
Why Emerging Market Countries Should Strive to Preserve Lower Inflation | May 2001, Box 4.1 |
Is There a Relationship Between Fiscal Deficits and Inflation? | May 2001, Box 4.2 |
How Much of a Concern Is Higher Headline Inflation? | October 2001, Box 1.2 |
Primary Commodities and Semiconductor Markets | October 2001, Chapter I, Appendix 1 |
Can Inflation Be Too Low? | April 2002, Box 2.3 |
Could Deflation Become a Global Problem? | April 2003, Box 1.1 |
Housing Markets in Industrial Countries | April 2004, Box 1.2 |
Is Global Inflation Coming Back? | September 2004, Box 1.1 |
What Explains the Recent Run-Up in House Prices? | September 2004, Box 2.1 |
Will the Oil Market Continue to Be Tight? | April 2005, Chapter IV |
Should Countries Worry About Oil Price Fluctuations? | April 2005, Box 4.1 |
Data Quality in the Oil Market | April 2005, Box 4.2 |
Long-Term Inflation Expectations and Credibility | September 2005, Box 4.2 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
Prices in the Transition: Ten Stylized Facts Vincent Koen and Paula R. De Masi | December 1997 |
World Economic Outlook | |
The Rise and Fall of Inflation—Lessons from Postwar Experience | October 1996, Chapter VI |
World Oil Market: Recent Developments and Outlook | October 1996, Annex II |
Inflation Targets | October 1996, Box 8 |
Indexed Bonds and Expected Inflation | October 1996, Box 9 |
Effects of High Inflation on Income Distribution | October 1996, Box 10 |
Central Bank Independence and Inflation | October 1996, Box 11 |
Recent Developments in Primary Commodity Markets | May 1998, Annex II |
Japan’s Liquidity Trap | October 1998, Box 4.1 |
Safeguarding Macroeconomic Stability at Low Inflation | October 1999, Chapter IV |
Global Liquidity | October 1999, Box 4.4 |
Cycles in Nonfuel Commodity Prices | May 2000, Box 2.2 |
Booms and Slumps in the World Oil Market | May 2000, Box 2.3 |
Commodity Prices and Commodity Exporting Countries | October 2000, Chapter II |
Developments in the Oil Markets | October 2000, Box 2.2 |
The Decline of Inflation in Emerging Markets: Can It Be Maintained? | May 2001, Chapter IV |
The Global Slowdown and Commodity Prices | May 2001, Chapter I, Appendix 1 |
Why Emerging Market Countries Should Strive to Preserve Lower Inflation | May 2001, Box 4.1 |
Is There a Relationship Between Fiscal Deficits and Inflation? | May 2001, Box 4.2 |
How Much of a Concern Is Higher Headline Inflation? | October 2001, Box 1.2 |
Primary Commodities and Semiconductor Markets | October 2001, Chapter I, Appendix 1 |
Can Inflation Be Too Low? | April 2002, Box 2.3 |
Could Deflation Become a Global Problem? | April 2003, Box 1.1 |
Housing Markets in Industrial Countries | April 2004, Box 1.2 |
Is Global Inflation Coming Back? | September 2004, Box 1.1 |
What Explains the Recent Run-Up in House Prices? | September 2004, Box 2.1 |
Will the Oil Market Continue to Be Tight? | April 2005, Chapter IV |
Should Countries Worry About Oil Price Fluctuations? | April 2005, Box 4.1 |
Data Quality in the Oil Market | April 2005, Box 4.2 |
Long-Term Inflation Expectations and Credibility | September 2005, Box 4.2 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
Prices in the Transition: Ten Stylized Facts Vincent Koen and Paula R. De Masi | December 1997 |
V. Fiscal Policy
World Economic Outlook | |
Structural Fiscal Balances in Smaller Industrial Countries | May 1995, Annex III |
Can Fiscal Contraction Be Expansionary in the Short Run? | May 1995, Box 2 |
Pension Reform in Developing Countries | May 1995, Box 11 |
Effects of Increased Government Debt: Illustrative Calculations | May 1995, Box 13 |
Subsidies and Tax Arrears | October 1995, Box 8 |
Focus on Fiscal Policy | May 1996 |
The Spillover Effects of Government Debt | May 1996, Annex I |
Uses and Limitations of Generational Accounting | May 1996, Box 5 |
The European Union’s Stability and Growth Pact | October 1997, Box 3 |
Progress with Fiscal Reform in Countries in Transition | May 1998, Chapter V |
Pension Reform in Countries in Transition | May 1998, Box 10 |
Transparency in Government Operations | May 1998, Annex I |
The Asian Crisis: Social Costs and Mitigating Policies | October 1998, Box 2.4 |
Fiscal Balances in the Asian Crisis Countries: Effects of Changes in the Economic Environment Versus Policy Measures | October 1998, Box 2.5 |
Aging in the East Asian Economies: Implications for Government Budgets and Saving Rates | October 1998, Box 3.1 |
Orienting Fiscal Policy in the Medium Term in Light of the Stability and Growth Pact and Longer-Term Fiscal Needs | October 1998, Box 5.2 |
Comparing G-7 Fiscal Positions—Who Has a Debt Problem? | October 1999, Box 1.3 |
Social Spending, Poverty Reduction, and Debt Relief in Heavily Indebted Poor Countries | May 2000, Box 4.3 |
Fiscal Improvement in Advanced Economies: How Long Will It Last? | May 2001, Chapter III |
Impact of Fiscal Consolidation on Macroeconomic Performance | May 2001, Box 3.3 |
Fiscal Frameworks in Advanced and Emerging Market Economies | May 2001, Box 3.4 |
Data on Public Debt in Emerging Market Economies | September 2003, Box 3.1 |
Fiscal Risk: Contingent Liabilities and Demographics | September 2003, Box 3.2 |
Assessing Fiscal Sustainability Under Uncertainty | September 2003, Box 3.3 |
The Case for Growth-Indexed Bonds | September 2003, Box 3.4 |
Public Debt in Emerging Markets: Is It Too High? | September 2003, Chapter III |
Has Fiscal Behavior Changed Under the European Economic and Monetary Union? | September 2004, Chapter II |
Bringing Small Entrepreneurs into the Formal Economy | September 2004, Box 1.5 |
HIV/AIDS: Demographic, Economic, and Fiscal Consequences | September 2004, Box 3.3 |
Implications of Demographic Change for Health Care Systems | September 2004, Box 3.4 |
Impact of Aging on Public Pension Plans | September 2004, Box 3.5 |
How Should Middle Eastern and Central Asian Oil Exporters Use Their Oil Revenues? | April 2005, Box 1.6 |
Financial Globalization and the Conduct of Macroeconomic Policies | April 2005, Box 3.3 |
Is Public Debt in Emerging Markets Still Too High? | September 2005, Box 1.1 |
World Economic Outlook | |
Structural Fiscal Balances in Smaller Industrial Countries | May 1995, Annex III |
Can Fiscal Contraction Be Expansionary in the Short Run? | May 1995, Box 2 |
Pension Reform in Developing Countries | May 1995, Box 11 |
Effects of Increased Government Debt: Illustrative Calculations | May 1995, Box 13 |
Subsidies and Tax Arrears | October 1995, Box 8 |
Focus on Fiscal Policy | May 1996 |
The Spillover Effects of Government Debt | May 1996, Annex I |
Uses and Limitations of Generational Accounting | May 1996, Box 5 |
The European Union’s Stability and Growth Pact | October 1997, Box 3 |
Progress with Fiscal Reform in Countries in Transition | May 1998, Chapter V |
Pension Reform in Countries in Transition | May 1998, Box 10 |
Transparency in Government Operations | May 1998, Annex I |
The Asian Crisis: Social Costs and Mitigating Policies | October 1998, Box 2.4 |
Fiscal Balances in the Asian Crisis Countries: Effects of Changes in the Economic Environment Versus Policy Measures | October 1998, Box 2.5 |
Aging in the East Asian Economies: Implications for Government Budgets and Saving Rates | October 1998, Box 3.1 |
Orienting Fiscal Policy in the Medium Term in Light of the Stability and Growth Pact and Longer-Term Fiscal Needs | October 1998, Box 5.2 |
Comparing G-7 Fiscal Positions—Who Has a Debt Problem? | October 1999, Box 1.3 |
Social Spending, Poverty Reduction, and Debt Relief in Heavily Indebted Poor Countries | May 2000, Box 4.3 |
Fiscal Improvement in Advanced Economies: How Long Will It Last? | May 2001, Chapter III |
Impact of Fiscal Consolidation on Macroeconomic Performance | May 2001, Box 3.3 |
Fiscal Frameworks in Advanced and Emerging Market Economies | May 2001, Box 3.4 |
Data on Public Debt in Emerging Market Economies | September 2003, Box 3.1 |
Fiscal Risk: Contingent Liabilities and Demographics | September 2003, Box 3.2 |
Assessing Fiscal Sustainability Under Uncertainty | September 2003, Box 3.3 |
The Case for Growth-Indexed Bonds | September 2003, Box 3.4 |
Public Debt in Emerging Markets: Is It Too High? | September 2003, Chapter III |
Has Fiscal Behavior Changed Under the European Economic and Monetary Union? | September 2004, Chapter II |
Bringing Small Entrepreneurs into the Formal Economy | September 2004, Box 1.5 |
HIV/AIDS: Demographic, Economic, and Fiscal Consequences | September 2004, Box 3.3 |
Implications of Demographic Change for Health Care Systems | September 2004, Box 3.4 |
Impact of Aging on Public Pension Plans | September 2004, Box 3.5 |
How Should Middle Eastern and Central Asian Oil Exporters Use Their Oil Revenues? | April 2005, Box 1.6 |
Financial Globalization and the Conduct of Macroeconomic Policies | April 2005, Box 3.3 |
Is Public Debt in Emerging Markets Still Too High? | September 2005, Box 1.1 |
VI. Monetary Policy; Financial Markets; Flow of Funds
World Economic Outlook | |
Saving in a Growing World Economy | May 1995, Chapter V |
Saving and Real Interest Rates in Developing Countries | May 1995, Box 10 |
Financial Market Turmoil and Economic Policies in Industrial Countries | October 1995, Chapter III |
Financial Liberalization in Africa and Asia | October 1995, Box 4 |
Policy Challenges Facing Industrial Countries in the Late 1990s | October 1996, Chapter III |
Using the Slope of the Yield Curve to Estimate Lags in Monetary Transmission Mechanism | October 1996, Box 2 |
Financial Repression | October 1996, Box 5 |
Bank-Restructuring Strategies in the Baltic States, Russia, and Other Countries of the Former Soviet Union: Main Issues and Challenges | October 1996, Box 7 |
Monetary and Financial Sector Policies in Transition Countries | October 1997, Chapter V |
Dollarization | October 1997, Box 6 |
Interim Assessment (Focus on Crisis in Asia—Regional and Global Implications) | December 1997 |
Financial Crises: Characteristics and Indicators of Vulnerability | May 1998, Chapter IV |
The Role of Hedge Funds in Financial Markets | May 1998, Box 1 |
International Monetary System: Measures to Reduce the Risk of Crises | May 1998, Box 3 |
Resolving Banking Sector Problems | May 1998, Box 6 |
Effective Banking Prudential Regulations and Requirements | May 1998, Box 7 |
Strengthening the Architecture of the International Monetary System Through International Standards and Principles of Good Practice | October 1998, Box 1.2 |
The Role of Monetary Policy in Responding to Currency Crises | October 1998, Box 2.3 |
Summary of Structural Reforms in Crisis Countries | October 1998, Box 3.2 |
Japan’s Liquidity Trap | October 1998, Box 4.1 |
How Useful Are Taylor Rules as a Guide to ECB Monetary Policies? | October 1998, Box 5.1 |
The Crisis in Emerging Markets | December 1998, Chapter II |
Turbulence in Mature Financial Markets | December 1998, Chapter III |
What Is the Implied Future Earnings Growth Rate that Would Justify Current Equity Prices in the United States? | December 1998, Box 3.2 |
Leverage | December 1998, Box 3.3 |
The Near Collapse and Rescue of Long-Term Capital Management | December 1998, Box 3.4 |
Risk Management: Progress and Problems | December 1998, Box 3.5 |
Supervisory Reforms Relating to Risk Management | December 1998, Box 3.6 |
Emerging Market Banking Systems | December 1998, Annex |
International Financial Contagion | May 1999, Chapter III |
From Crisis to Recovery in the Emerging Market Economies | October 1999, Chapter II |
Safeguarding Macroeconomic Stability at Low Inflation | October 1999, Chapter IV |
The Effects of a Zero Floor for Nominal Interest Rates on Real Output: Selected Simulation Results | October 1999, Box 4.2 |
Asset Prices and Business Cycle | May 2000, Chapter III |
Global Liquidity and Asset Prices | May 2000, Box 3.2 |
International Capital Flows to Emerging Markets | October 2000, Chapter II |
Developments in Global Equity Markets | October 2000, Chapter II |
U.S. Monetary Policy and Sovereign Spreads in Emerging Markets | October 2000, Box 2.1 |
Impact of the Global Technology Correction on the Real Economy | May 2001, Chapter II |
Inflation Targeting in Emerging Market Economies: Implementation and Challenges | May 2001, Box 4.3 |
Financial Market Dislocations and Policy Responses After the September 11 Attacks | December 2001, Box 2.2 |
Investor Risk Appetite | December 2001, Box 2.3 |
Monetary Policy in a Low Inflation Era | April 2002, Chapter II |
The Introduction of Euro Notes and Coins | April 2002, Box 1.3 |
Cross-Country Determinants of Capital Structure | September 2002, Box 2.3 |
When Bubbles Burst | April 2003, Chapter II |
How Do Balance Sheet Vulnerabilities Affect Investment? | April 2003, Box 2.3 |
Identifying Asset Price Booms and Busts | April 2003, Appendix 2.1 |
Are Foreign Exchange Reserves in Asia Too High? | September 2003, Chapter II |
Reserves and Short-Term Debt | September 2003, Box 2.3 |
Are Credit Booms in Emerging Markets a Concern? | April 2004, Chapter IV |
How Do U.S. Interest and Exchange Rates Affect Emerging Markets’ Balance Sheets? | April 2004, Box 2.1 |
Does Financial Sector Development Help Economic Growth and Welfare? | April 2004, Box 4.1 |
Adjustable- or Fixed-Rate Mortgages: What Influences a Country’s Choices? | September 2004, Box 2.2 |
What Are the Risks from Low U.S. Long-Term Interest Rates? | April 2005, Box 1.2 |
Regulating Remittances | April 2005, Box 2.2 |
Financial Globalization and the Conduct of Macroeconomic Policies | April 2005, Box 3.3 |
Monetary Policy in a Globalized World | April 2005, Box 3.4 |
Does Inflation Targeting Work in Emerging Markets? | September 2005, Chapter IV |
A Closer Look at Inflation Targeting Alternatives: Money and Exchange Rate Targets | September 2005, Box 4.1 |
How Has Globalization Affected Inflation? | April 2006, Chapter III |
The Impact of Petrodollars on U.S. and Emerging Market Bond Yields | April 2006, Box 2.3 |
Globalization and Inflation in Emerging Markets | April 2006, Box 3.1 |
Globalization and Low Inflation in a Historical Perspective | April 2006, Box 3.2 |
Exchange Rate Pass-Through to Import Prices | April 2006, Box 3.3 |
Trends in the Financial Sector’s Profits and Savings | April 2006, Box 4.2 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
The Global Real Interest Rate Thomas Helbling and Robert Wescott | September 1995 |
A Monetary Impulse Measure for Medium-Term Policy Analysis Bennett T. McCallum and Monica Hargraves | September 1995 |
Saving Behavior in Industrial and Developing Countries Paul R. Masson, Tamim Bayoumi, and Hossein Samiei | September 1995 |
Capital Structure and Corporate Performance Across Emerging Markets | September 2002, Chapter II |
World Economic Outlook | |
Saving in a Growing World Economy | May 1995, Chapter V |
Saving and Real Interest Rates in Developing Countries | May 1995, Box 10 |
Financial Market Turmoil and Economic Policies in Industrial Countries | October 1995, Chapter III |
Financial Liberalization in Africa and Asia | October 1995, Box 4 |
Policy Challenges Facing Industrial Countries in the Late 1990s | October 1996, Chapter III |
Using the Slope of the Yield Curve to Estimate Lags in Monetary Transmission Mechanism | October 1996, Box 2 |
Financial Repression | October 1996, Box 5 |
Bank-Restructuring Strategies in the Baltic States, Russia, and Other Countries of the Former Soviet Union: Main Issues and Challenges | October 1996, Box 7 |
Monetary and Financial Sector Policies in Transition Countries | October 1997, Chapter V |
Dollarization | October 1997, Box 6 |
Interim Assessment (Focus on Crisis in Asia—Regional and Global Implications) | December 1997 |
Financial Crises: Characteristics and Indicators of Vulnerability | May 1998, Chapter IV |
The Role of Hedge Funds in Financial Markets | May 1998, Box 1 |
International Monetary System: Measures to Reduce the Risk of Crises | May 1998, Box 3 |
Resolving Banking Sector Problems | May 1998, Box 6 |
Effective Banking Prudential Regulations and Requirements | May 1998, Box 7 |
Strengthening the Architecture of the International Monetary System Through International Standards and Principles of Good Practice | October 1998, Box 1.2 |
The Role of Monetary Policy in Responding to Currency Crises | October 1998, Box 2.3 |
Summary of Structural Reforms in Crisis Countries | October 1998, Box 3.2 |
Japan’s Liquidity Trap | October 1998, Box 4.1 |
How Useful Are Taylor Rules as a Guide to ECB Monetary Policies? | October 1998, Box 5.1 |
The Crisis in Emerging Markets | December 1998, Chapter II |
Turbulence in Mature Financial Markets | December 1998, Chapter III |
What Is the Implied Future Earnings Growth Rate that Would Justify Current Equity Prices in the United States? | December 1998, Box 3.2 |
Leverage | December 1998, Box 3.3 |
The Near Collapse and Rescue of Long-Term Capital Management | December 1998, Box 3.4 |
Risk Management: Progress and Problems | December 1998, Box 3.5 |
Supervisory Reforms Relating to Risk Management | December 1998, Box 3.6 |
Emerging Market Banking Systems | December 1998, Annex |
International Financial Contagion | May 1999, Chapter III |
From Crisis to Recovery in the Emerging Market Economies | October 1999, Chapter II |
Safeguarding Macroeconomic Stability at Low Inflation | October 1999, Chapter IV |
The Effects of a Zero Floor for Nominal Interest Rates on Real Output: Selected Simulation Results | October 1999, Box 4.2 |
Asset Prices and Business Cycle | May 2000, Chapter III |
Global Liquidity and Asset Prices | May 2000, Box 3.2 |
International Capital Flows to Emerging Markets | October 2000, Chapter II |
Developments in Global Equity Markets | October 2000, Chapter II |
U.S. Monetary Policy and Sovereign Spreads in Emerging Markets | October 2000, Box 2.1 |
Impact of the Global Technology Correction on the Real Economy | May 2001, Chapter II |
Inflation Targeting in Emerging Market Economies: Implementation and Challenges | May 2001, Box 4.3 |
Financial Market Dislocations and Policy Responses After the September 11 Attacks | December 2001, Box 2.2 |
Investor Risk Appetite | December 2001, Box 2.3 |
Monetary Policy in a Low Inflation Era | April 2002, Chapter II |
The Introduction of Euro Notes and Coins | April 2002, Box 1.3 |
Cross-Country Determinants of Capital Structure | September 2002, Box 2.3 |
When Bubbles Burst | April 2003, Chapter II |
How Do Balance Sheet Vulnerabilities Affect Investment? | April 2003, Box 2.3 |
Identifying Asset Price Booms and Busts | April 2003, Appendix 2.1 |
Are Foreign Exchange Reserves in Asia Too High? | September 2003, Chapter II |
Reserves and Short-Term Debt | September 2003, Box 2.3 |
Are Credit Booms in Emerging Markets a Concern? | April 2004, Chapter IV |
How Do U.S. Interest and Exchange Rates Affect Emerging Markets’ Balance Sheets? | April 2004, Box 2.1 |
Does Financial Sector Development Help Economic Growth and Welfare? | April 2004, Box 4.1 |
Adjustable- or Fixed-Rate Mortgages: What Influences a Country’s Choices? | September 2004, Box 2.2 |
What Are the Risks from Low U.S. Long-Term Interest Rates? | April 2005, Box 1.2 |
Regulating Remittances | April 2005, Box 2.2 |
Financial Globalization and the Conduct of Macroeconomic Policies | April 2005, Box 3.3 |
Monetary Policy in a Globalized World | April 2005, Box 3.4 |
Does Inflation Targeting Work in Emerging Markets? | September 2005, Chapter IV |
A Closer Look at Inflation Targeting Alternatives: Money and Exchange Rate Targets | September 2005, Box 4.1 |
How Has Globalization Affected Inflation? | April 2006, Chapter III |
The Impact of Petrodollars on U.S. and Emerging Market Bond Yields | April 2006, Box 2.3 |
Globalization and Inflation in Emerging Markets | April 2006, Box 3.1 |
Globalization and Low Inflation in a Historical Perspective | April 2006, Box 3.2 |
Exchange Rate Pass-Through to Import Prices | April 2006, Box 3.3 |
Trends in the Financial Sector’s Profits and Savings | April 2006, Box 4.2 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
The Global Real Interest Rate Thomas Helbling and Robert Wescott | September 1995 |
A Monetary Impulse Measure for Medium-Term Policy Analysis Bennett T. McCallum and Monica Hargraves | September 1995 |
Saving Behavior in Industrial and Developing Countries Paul R. Masson, Tamim Bayoumi, and Hossein Samiei | September 1995 |
Capital Structure and Corporate Performance Across Emerging Markets | September 2002, Chapter II |
VII. Labor Market Issues
World Economic Outlook | |
Capital Formation and Employment | May 1995, Box 4 |
Implications of Structural Reforms Under EMU | October 1997, Annex II |
Euro-Area Structural Rigidities | October 1998, Box 5.3 |
Chronic Unemployment in the Euro Area: Causes and Cures | May 1999, Chapter IV |
Labor Market Slack: Concepts and Measurement | May 1999, Box 4.1 |
EMU and European Labor Markets | May 1999, Box 4.2 |
Labor Markets—An Analytical Framework | May 1999, Box 4.3 |
The OECD Jobs Study | May 1999, Box 4.4 |
The Effects of Downward Rigidity of Nominal Wages on (Un)employment: Selected Simulation Results | October 1999, Box 4.1 |
Unemployment and Labor Market Institutions: Why Reforms Pay Off | April 2003, Chapter IV |
Regional Disparities in Unemployment | April 2003, Box 4.1 |
Labor Market Reforms in the European Union | April 2003, Box 4.2 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
Evaluating Unemployment Policies: What Do the Underlying Theories Tell Us? Dennis J. Snower | September 1995 |
Institutional Structure and Labor Market Outcomes: Western Lessons for European Countries in Transition Robert J. Flanagan | September 1995 |
The Effect of Globalization on Wages in the Advanced Economies Matthew J. Slaughter and Phillip Swagel | December 1997 |
International Labor Standards and International Trade Stephen Golub | December 1997 |
EMU Challenges European Labor Markets Rüdiger Soltwedel, Dirk Dohse, and Christiane Krieger-Boden | May 2000 |
World Economic Outlook | |
Capital Formation and Employment | May 1995, Box 4 |
Implications of Structural Reforms Under EMU | October 1997, Annex II |
Euro-Area Structural Rigidities | October 1998, Box 5.3 |
Chronic Unemployment in the Euro Area: Causes and Cures | May 1999, Chapter IV |
Labor Market Slack: Concepts and Measurement | May 1999, Box 4.1 |
EMU and European Labor Markets | May 1999, Box 4.2 |
Labor Markets—An Analytical Framework | May 1999, Box 4.3 |
The OECD Jobs Study | May 1999, Box 4.4 |
The Effects of Downward Rigidity of Nominal Wages on (Un)employment: Selected Simulation Results | October 1999, Box 4.1 |
Unemployment and Labor Market Institutions: Why Reforms Pay Off | April 2003, Chapter IV |
Regional Disparities in Unemployment | April 2003, Box 4.1 |
Labor Market Reforms in the European Union | April 2003, Box 4.2 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
Evaluating Unemployment Policies: What Do the Underlying Theories Tell Us? Dennis J. Snower | September 1995 |
Institutional Structure and Labor Market Outcomes: Western Lessons for European Countries in Transition Robert J. Flanagan | September 1995 |
The Effect of Globalization on Wages in the Advanced Economies Matthew J. Slaughter and Phillip Swagel | December 1997 |
International Labor Standards and International Trade Stephen Golub | December 1997 |
EMU Challenges European Labor Markets Rüdiger Soltwedel, Dirk Dohse, and Christiane Krieger-Boden | May 2000 |
VIII. Exchange Rate Issues
World Economic Outlook | |
Exchange Rate Effects of Fiscal Consolidation | October 1995, Annex |
Exchange Rate Arrangements and Economic Performance in Developing Countries | October 1997, Chapter IV |
Asymmetric Shocks: European Union and the United States | October 1997, Box 4 |
Currency Boards | October 1997, Box 5 |
The Business Cycle, International Linkages, and Exchange Rates | May 1998, Chapter III |
Evaluating Exchange Rates | May 1998, Box 5 |
Determining Internal and External Conversion Rates for the Euro | October 1998, Box 5.4 |
The Euro Area and Effective Exchange Rates | October 1998, Box 5.5 |
Recent Dollar/Yen Exchange Rate Movements | December 1998, Box 3.1 |
International Financial Contagion | May 1999, Chapter III |
Exchange Rate Crashes and Inflation: Lessons for Brazil | May 1999, Box 2.1 |
Recent Experience with Exchange-Rate-Based Stabilizations | May 1999, Box 3.1 |
The Pros and Cons of Dollarization | May 2000, Box 1.4 |
Why Is the Euro So Undervalued? | October 2000, Box 1.1 |
Convergence and Real Exchange Rate Appreciation in the EU Accession Countries | October 2000, Box 4.4 |
What Is Driving the Weakness of the Euro and the Strength of the Dollar? | May 2001, Chapter II |
The Weakness of the Australian and New Zealand Currencies | May 2001, Box 2.1 |
How Did the September 11 Attacks Affect Exchange Rate Expectations? | December 2001, Box 2.4 |
Market Expectations of Exchange Rate Movements | September 2002, Box 1.2 |
Are Foreign Exchange Reserves in Asia Too High? | September 2003, Chapter II |
How Concerned Should Developing Countries Be About G-3 Exchange Rate Volatility? | September 2003, Chapter II |
Reserves and Short-Term Debt | September 2003, Box 2.3 |
The Effects of a Falling Dollar | April 2004, Box 1.1 |
Learning to Float: The Experience of Emerging Market Countries Since the Early 1990s | September 2004, Chapter II |
How Did Chile, India, and Brazil Learn to Float? | September 2004, Box 2.3 |
Foreign Exchange Market Development and Intervention | September 2004, Box 2.4 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
Multilateral Unit-Labor-Cost-Based Competitiveness Indicators for Advanced, Developing, and Transition Countries Anthony G. Turner and Stephen Golub | December 1997 |
Currency Crises: In Search of Common Elements Jahangir Aziz, Francesco Caramazza and Ranil Salgado | May 2000 |
Business Cycle Influences on Exchange Rates: Survey and Evidence Ronald MacDonald and Phillip Suragel | May 2000 |
World Economic Outlook | |
Exchange Rate Effects of Fiscal Consolidation | October 1995, Annex |
Exchange Rate Arrangements and Economic Performance in Developing Countries | October 1997, Chapter IV |
Asymmetric Shocks: European Union and the United States | October 1997, Box 4 |
Currency Boards | October 1997, Box 5 |
The Business Cycle, International Linkages, and Exchange Rates | May 1998, Chapter III |
Evaluating Exchange Rates | May 1998, Box 5 |
Determining Internal and External Conversion Rates for the Euro | October 1998, Box 5.4 |
The Euro Area and Effective Exchange Rates | October 1998, Box 5.5 |
Recent Dollar/Yen Exchange Rate Movements | December 1998, Box 3.1 |
International Financial Contagion | May 1999, Chapter III |
Exchange Rate Crashes and Inflation: Lessons for Brazil | May 1999, Box 2.1 |
Recent Experience with Exchange-Rate-Based Stabilizations | May 1999, Box 3.1 |
The Pros and Cons of Dollarization | May 2000, Box 1.4 |
Why Is the Euro So Undervalued? | October 2000, Box 1.1 |
Convergence and Real Exchange Rate Appreciation in the EU Accession Countries | October 2000, Box 4.4 |
What Is Driving the Weakness of the Euro and the Strength of the Dollar? | May 2001, Chapter II |
The Weakness of the Australian and New Zealand Currencies | May 2001, Box 2.1 |
How Did the September 11 Attacks Affect Exchange Rate Expectations? | December 2001, Box 2.4 |
Market Expectations of Exchange Rate Movements | September 2002, Box 1.2 |
Are Foreign Exchange Reserves in Asia Too High? | September 2003, Chapter II |
How Concerned Should Developing Countries Be About G-3 Exchange Rate Volatility? | September 2003, Chapter II |
Reserves and Short-Term Debt | September 2003, Box 2.3 |
The Effects of a Falling Dollar | April 2004, Box 1.1 |
Learning to Float: The Experience of Emerging Market Countries Since the Early 1990s | September 2004, Chapter II |
How Did Chile, India, and Brazil Learn to Float? | September 2004, Box 2.3 |
Foreign Exchange Market Development and Intervention | September 2004, Box 2.4 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
Multilateral Unit-Labor-Cost-Based Competitiveness Indicators for Advanced, Developing, and Transition Countries Anthony G. Turner and Stephen Golub | December 1997 |
Currency Crises: In Search of Common Elements Jahangir Aziz, Francesco Caramazza and Ranil Salgado | May 2000 |
Business Cycle Influences on Exchange Rates: Survey and Evidence Ronald MacDonald and Phillip Suragel | May 2000 |
IX. External Payments, Trade, Capital Movements, and Foreign Debt
World Economic Outlook | |
Trade Among the Transition Countries | October 1995, Box 7 |
World Current Account Discrepancy | October 1996, Annex III |
Capital Inflows to Developing and Transition Countries—Identifying Causes and Formulating Appropriate Policy Responses | October 1996, Annex IV |
Globalization—Opportunities and Challenges | May 1997 |
Moral Hazard and IMF Lending | May 1998, Box 2 |
The Current Account and External Sustainability | May 1998, Box 8 |
Review of Debt-Reduction Efforts for Low-Income Countries and Status of the HIPC Initiative | October 1998, Box 1.1 |
Trade Adjustment in East Asian Crisis Countries | October 1998, Box 2.2 |
Are There Dangers of Increasing Protection? | May 1999, Box 1.3 |
Trends and Issues in the Global Trading System | October 1999, Chapter V |
Capital Flows to Emerging Market Economies: Composition and Volatility | October 1999, Box 2.2 |
The Global Current Account Discrepancy | October 2000, Chapter I, Appendix II |
Trade Integration and Sub-Saharan Africa | May 2001, Chapter II |
Sustainability of the U.S. External Current Account | May 2001, Box 1.2 |
Reducing External Balances | May 2001, Chapter I, Appendix 2 |
The World Trading System: From Seattle to Doha | October 2001, Chapter II |
International Financial Integration and Economic Performance: Impact on Developing Countries | October 2001, Chapter IV |
Potential Welfare Gains From a New Trade Round | October 2001, Box 2.3 |
Critics of a New Trade Round | October 2001, Box 2.4 |
Foreign Direct Investment and the Poorer Countries | October 2001, Box 4.3 |
Country Experiences with Sequencing Capital Account Liberalization | October 2001, Box 4.4 |
Contagion and Its Causes | December 2001, Chapter I, Appendix |
Capital Account Crises in Emerging Market Countries | April 2002, Box 3.5 |
How Have External Deficits Adjusted in the Past? | September 2002, Box 2.2 |
Using Prices to Measure Goods Market Integration | September 2002, Box 3.1 |
Transport Costs | September 2002, Box 3.2 |
The Gravity Model of International Trade | September 2002, Box 3.3 |
Vertical Specialization in the Global Economy | September 2002, Box 3.4 |
Trade and Growth | September 2002, Box 3.5 |
How Worrisome Are External Imbalances? | September 2002, Chapter II |
How Do Industrial Country Agricultural Policies Affect Developing Countries? | September 2002, Chapter II |
Trade and Financial Integration | September 2002, Chapter III |
Risks to the Multilateral Trading System | April 2004, Box 1.3 |
Is the Doha Round Back on Track? | September 2004, Box 1.3 |
Regional Trade Agreements and Integration: The Experience with NAFTA | September 2004, Box 1.4 |
Globalization and External Imbalances | April 2005, Chapter III |
The Ending of Global Textile Trade Quotas | April 2005, Box 1.3 |
What Progress Has Been Made in Implementing Policies to Reduce Global Imbalances? | April 2005, Box 1.4 |
Measuring a Country’s Net External Position | April 2005, Box 3.2 |
Global Imbalances: A Saving and Investment Perspective | September 2005, Chapter II |
Impact of Demographic Change on Saving, Investment, and Current Account Balances | September 2005, Box 2.3 |
How Will Global Imbalances Adjust? | September 2005, Appendix 1.2 |
Oil Prices and Global Imbalances | April 2006, Chapter II |
How Much Progress Has Been Made in Addressing Global Imbalances? | April 2006, Box 1.4 |
The Doha Round After The Hong Kong SAR Meetings | April 2006, Box 1.5 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
Foreign Direct Investment in the World Economy Edward M. Graham | September 1995 |
Trade and Financial Integration in Europe: Five Years After the Euro’s Introduction | September 2004, Box 2.5 |
World Economic Outlook | |
Trade Among the Transition Countries | October 1995, Box 7 |
World Current Account Discrepancy | October 1996, Annex III |
Capital Inflows to Developing and Transition Countries—Identifying Causes and Formulating Appropriate Policy Responses | October 1996, Annex IV |
Globalization—Opportunities and Challenges | May 1997 |
Moral Hazard and IMF Lending | May 1998, Box 2 |
The Current Account and External Sustainability | May 1998, Box 8 |
Review of Debt-Reduction Efforts for Low-Income Countries and Status of the HIPC Initiative | October 1998, Box 1.1 |
Trade Adjustment in East Asian Crisis Countries | October 1998, Box 2.2 |
Are There Dangers of Increasing Protection? | May 1999, Box 1.3 |
Trends and Issues in the Global Trading System | October 1999, Chapter V |
Capital Flows to Emerging Market Economies: Composition and Volatility | October 1999, Box 2.2 |
The Global Current Account Discrepancy | October 2000, Chapter I, Appendix II |
Trade Integration and Sub-Saharan Africa | May 2001, Chapter II |
Sustainability of the U.S. External Current Account | May 2001, Box 1.2 |
Reducing External Balances | May 2001, Chapter I, Appendix 2 |
The World Trading System: From Seattle to Doha | October 2001, Chapter II |
International Financial Integration and Economic Performance: Impact on Developing Countries | October 2001, Chapter IV |
Potential Welfare Gains From a New Trade Round | October 2001, Box 2.3 |
Critics of a New Trade Round | October 2001, Box 2.4 |
Foreign Direct Investment and the Poorer Countries | October 2001, Box 4.3 |
Country Experiences with Sequencing Capital Account Liberalization | October 2001, Box 4.4 |
Contagion and Its Causes | December 2001, Chapter I, Appendix |
Capital Account Crises in Emerging Market Countries | April 2002, Box 3.5 |
How Have External Deficits Adjusted in the Past? | September 2002, Box 2.2 |
Using Prices to Measure Goods Market Integration | September 2002, Box 3.1 |
Transport Costs | September 2002, Box 3.2 |
The Gravity Model of International Trade | September 2002, Box 3.3 |
Vertical Specialization in the Global Economy | September 2002, Box 3.4 |
Trade and Growth | September 2002, Box 3.5 |
How Worrisome Are External Imbalances? | September 2002, Chapter II |
How Do Industrial Country Agricultural Policies Affect Developing Countries? | September 2002, Chapter II |
Trade and Financial Integration | September 2002, Chapter III |
Risks to the Multilateral Trading System | April 2004, Box 1.3 |
Is the Doha Round Back on Track? | September 2004, Box 1.3 |
Regional Trade Agreements and Integration: The Experience with NAFTA | September 2004, Box 1.4 |
Globalization and External Imbalances | April 2005, Chapter III |
The Ending of Global Textile Trade Quotas | April 2005, Box 1.3 |
What Progress Has Been Made in Implementing Policies to Reduce Global Imbalances? | April 2005, Box 1.4 |
Measuring a Country’s Net External Position | April 2005, Box 3.2 |
Global Imbalances: A Saving and Investment Perspective | September 2005, Chapter II |
Impact of Demographic Change on Saving, Investment, and Current Account Balances | September 2005, Box 2.3 |
How Will Global Imbalances Adjust? | September 2005, Appendix 1.2 |
Oil Prices and Global Imbalances | April 2006, Chapter II |
How Much Progress Has Been Made in Addressing Global Imbalances? | April 2006, Box 1.4 |
The Doha Round After The Hong Kong SAR Meetings | April 2006, Box 1.5 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
Foreign Direct Investment in the World Economy Edward M. Graham | September 1995 |
Trade and Financial Integration in Europe: Five Years After the Euro’s Introduction | September 2004, Box 2.5 |
X. Regional Issues
World Economic Outlook | |
Adjustment in Sub-Saharan Africa | May 1995, Annex II |
Macroeconomic and Structural Adjustment in the Middle East and North Africa | May 1996, Annex II |
Stabilization and Reform of Formerly Centrally Planned Developing Economies in East Asia | May 1997, Box 10 |
EMU and the World Economy | October 1997, Chapter III |
Implications of Structural Reforms Under EMU | October 1997, Annex II |
The European Union’s Stability and Growth Pact | October 1997, Box 3 |
Asymmetric Shocks: European Union and the United States | October 1997, Box 4 |
Interim Assessment (Focus on Crisis in Asia—Regional and Global Implications) | December 1997 |
The Asian Crisis and the Region’s Long-Term Growth Performance | October 1998, Chapter III |
Economic Policy Challenges Facing the Euro Area and the External Implications of EMU | October 1998, Chapter V |
Economic Policymaking in the EU and Surveillance by EU Institutions | October 1998, Chapter V, Appendix |
Chronic Unemployment in the Euro Area: Causes and Cures | May 1999, Chapter IV |
Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: Performance, Impediments, and Policy Requirements | October 1999, Chapter VI |
The Regional Economic Impact of the Kosovo Crisis | October 1999, Box 1.5 |
Counting the Costs of the Recent Crises | October 1999, Box 2.6 |
Africa and World Trends in Military Spending | October 1999, Box 6.1 |
The Economic Impact of HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa | October 2000, Box 1.4 |
Accession of Transition Economies to the European Union: Prospects and Pressures | October 2000, Chapter IV |
The IMF and the Transition Economies | October 2000, Box 3.1 |
Previous EU Enlargements | October 2000, Box 4.2 |
The Enhanced HIPC Initiative in Africa | May 2001, Box 1.4 |
Large Current Account Deficits in EU Accession Countries | May 2001, Box 1.5 |
Africa’s Trade and The Gravity Model | May 2001, Box 2.2 |
The Implications of the Japanese Economic Slowdown for East Asia | October 2001, Box 1.4 |
Relative Euro-Area Growth Performances: Why Are Germany and Italy Lagging Behind France? | October 2001, Box 1.5 |
Economic Growth, Civil Conflict, and Poverty Reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa | October 2001, Box 1.7 |
Information Technology and Growth in Emerging Asia | October 2001, Box 3.3 |
The IT Slump and Short-Term Growth Prospects in East Asia | October 2001, Box 3.5 |
The Effects of the September 11 Attacks on the Caribbean Region | December 2001, Box 3.3 |
Debt Crises: What’s Different About Latin America? | April 2002, Chapter II |
Foreign Direct Investment in Africa | September 2002, Box 1.6 |
Promoting Stronger Institutions and Growth: The New Partnership for Africa’s Development | April 2003, Box 3.3 |
How Can Economic Growth in the Middle East and North Africa Region Be Accelerated? | September 2003, Chapter II |
Gulf Cooperation Council: Challenges on the Road to a Monetary Union | September 2003, Box 1.5 |
Accounting for Growth in the Middle East and North Africa | September 2003, Box 2.1 |
Is Emerging Asia Becoming an Engine of World Growth? | April 2004, Box 1.4 |
What Works in Africa | April 2004, Box 1.5 |
Economic Integration and Structural Reforms: The European Experience | April 2004, Box 3.4 |
What Are the Risks of Slower Growth in China? | September 2004, Box 1.2 |
Governance Challenges and Progress in Sub-Saharan Africa | September 2004, Box 1.6 |
The Indian Ocean Tsunami: Impact on South Asian Economies | April 2005, Box 1.1 |
Workers’ Remittances and Emigration in the Caribbean | April 2005, Box 2.1 |
What Explains Divergent External Sector Performance in the Euro Area? | September 2005, Box 1.3 |
Pressures Mount for African Cotton Producers | September 2005, Box 1.5 |
Is Investment in Emerging Asia Too Low? | September 2005, Box 2.4 |
Developing Institutions to Reflect Local Conditions: The Example of Ownership Transformation in China Versus Central and Eastern Europe | September 2005, Box 3.1 |
How Rapidly Are Oil Exporters Spending Their Revenue Gains? | April 2006, Box 2.1 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
The Design of EMU David Begg | December 1997 |
The Great Contraction in Russia, the Baltics and Other Countries of the Former Soviet Union: A View from the Supply Side Mark De Broeck and Vincent Koen | May 2000 |
World Economic Outlook | |
Adjustment in Sub-Saharan Africa | May 1995, Annex II |
Macroeconomic and Structural Adjustment in the Middle East and North Africa | May 1996, Annex II |
Stabilization and Reform of Formerly Centrally Planned Developing Economies in East Asia | May 1997, Box 10 |
EMU and the World Economy | October 1997, Chapter III |
Implications of Structural Reforms Under EMU | October 1997, Annex II |
The European Union’s Stability and Growth Pact | October 1997, Box 3 |
Asymmetric Shocks: European Union and the United States | October 1997, Box 4 |
Interim Assessment (Focus on Crisis in Asia—Regional and Global Implications) | December 1997 |
The Asian Crisis and the Region’s Long-Term Growth Performance | October 1998, Chapter III |
Economic Policy Challenges Facing the Euro Area and the External Implications of EMU | October 1998, Chapter V |
Economic Policymaking in the EU and Surveillance by EU Institutions | October 1998, Chapter V, Appendix |
Chronic Unemployment in the Euro Area: Causes and Cures | May 1999, Chapter IV |
Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: Performance, Impediments, and Policy Requirements | October 1999, Chapter VI |
The Regional Economic Impact of the Kosovo Crisis | October 1999, Box 1.5 |
Counting the Costs of the Recent Crises | October 1999, Box 2.6 |
Africa and World Trends in Military Spending | October 1999, Box 6.1 |
The Economic Impact of HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa | October 2000, Box 1.4 |
Accession of Transition Economies to the European Union: Prospects and Pressures | October 2000, Chapter IV |
The IMF and the Transition Economies | October 2000, Box 3.1 |
Previous EU Enlargements | October 2000, Box 4.2 |
The Enhanced HIPC Initiative in Africa | May 2001, Box 1.4 |
Large Current Account Deficits in EU Accession Countries | May 2001, Box 1.5 |
Africa’s Trade and The Gravity Model | May 2001, Box 2.2 |
The Implications of the Japanese Economic Slowdown for East Asia | October 2001, Box 1.4 |
Relative Euro-Area Growth Performances: Why Are Germany and Italy Lagging Behind France? | October 2001, Box 1.5 |
Economic Growth, Civil Conflict, and Poverty Reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa | October 2001, Box 1.7 |
Information Technology and Growth in Emerging Asia | October 2001, Box 3.3 |
The IT Slump and Short-Term Growth Prospects in East Asia | October 2001, Box 3.5 |
The Effects of the September 11 Attacks on the Caribbean Region | December 2001, Box 3.3 |
Debt Crises: What’s Different About Latin America? | April 2002, Chapter II |
Foreign Direct Investment in Africa | September 2002, Box 1.6 |
Promoting Stronger Institutions and Growth: The New Partnership for Africa’s Development | April 2003, Box 3.3 |
How Can Economic Growth in the Middle East and North Africa Region Be Accelerated? | September 2003, Chapter II |
Gulf Cooperation Council: Challenges on the Road to a Monetary Union | September 2003, Box 1.5 |
Accounting for Growth in the Middle East and North Africa | September 2003, Box 2.1 |
Is Emerging Asia Becoming an Engine of World Growth? | April 2004, Box 1.4 |
What Works in Africa | April 2004, Box 1.5 |
Economic Integration and Structural Reforms: The European Experience | April 2004, Box 3.4 |
What Are the Risks of Slower Growth in China? | September 2004, Box 1.2 |
Governance Challenges and Progress in Sub-Saharan Africa | September 2004, Box 1.6 |
The Indian Ocean Tsunami: Impact on South Asian Economies | April 2005, Box 1.1 |
Workers’ Remittances and Emigration in the Caribbean | April 2005, Box 2.1 |
What Explains Divergent External Sector Performance in the Euro Area? | September 2005, Box 1.3 |
Pressures Mount for African Cotton Producers | September 2005, Box 1.5 |
Is Investment in Emerging Asia Too Low? | September 2005, Box 2.4 |
Developing Institutions to Reflect Local Conditions: The Example of Ownership Transformation in China Versus Central and Eastern Europe | September 2005, Box 3.1 |
How Rapidly Are Oil Exporters Spending Their Revenue Gains? | April 2006, Box 2.1 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
The Design of EMU David Begg | December 1997 |
The Great Contraction in Russia, the Baltics and Other Countries of the Former Soviet Union: A View from the Supply Side Mark De Broeck and Vincent Koen | May 2000 |
XI. Country-Specific Analyses
World Economic Outlook | |
Factors Behind the Financial Crisis in Mexico | May 1995, Annex I |
New Zealand’s Structural Reforms and Economic Revival | May 1995, Box 3 |
Brazil and Korea | May 1995, Box 5 |
The Output Collapse in Russia | May 1995, Box 8 |
Foreign Direct Investment in Estonia | May 1995, Box 9 |
September 1995 Economic Stimulus Packages in Japan | October 1995, Box 1 |
Uganda: Successful Adjustment Under Difficult Circumstances | October 1995, Box 3 |
Changing Wage Structures in the Czech Republic | October 1995, Box 6 |
Resolving Financial System Problems in Japan | May 1996, Box 3 |
New Zealand’s Fiscal Responsibility Act | May 1996, Box 4 |
Deindustrialization and the Labor Market in Sweden | May 1997, Box 7 |
Ireland Catches Up | May 1997, Box 8 |
Foreign Direct Investment Strategies in Hungary and Kazakhstan | May 1997, Box 12 |
China—Growth and Economic Reforms | October 1997, Annex I |
Alternative Exchange Rate Assumptions for Japan | October 1997, Box 2 |
Hong Kong, China: Economic Linkages and Institutional Arrangements | October 1997, Box 9 |
Russia’s Fiscal Challenges | May 1998, Box 9 |
Japan’s Economic Crisis and Policy Options | October 1998, Chapter IV |
Brazil’s Financial Assistance Package and Adjustment Program | December 1998, Box 1.1 |
Recent Developments in the Japanese Financial System | December 1998, Box 1.2 |
Malaysia’s Capital Controls | December 1998, Box 2.1 |
Hong Kong’s Intervention in the Equity Spot and Futures Markets | December 1998, Box 2.2 |
Is China’s Growth Overstated? | December 1998, Box 4.1 |
Measuring Household Saving in the United States | May 1999, Box 2.2 |
Australia and New Zealand: Divergences, Prospects, and Vulnerabilities | October 1999, Box 1.1 |
The Emerging Market Crises and South Africa | October 1999, Box 2.1 |
Structural Reforms in Latin America: The Case of Argentina | October 1999, Box 2.3 |
Malaysia’s Response to the Financial Crisis: How Unorthodox Was It? | October 1999, Box 2.4 |
Financial Sector Restructuring in Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, and Thailand | October 1999, Box 2.5 |
Turkey’s IMF-Supported Disinflation Program | May 2000, Box 2.1 |
Productivity and Stock Prices in the United States | May 2000, Box 3.1 |
India: Reinvigorating the Reform Process | May 2000, Box 4.2 |
Risky Business: Output Volatility and the Perils of Forecasting in Japan | October 2000, Box 1.2 |
China’s Prospective WTO Accession | October 2000, Box 1.3 |
Addressing Barter Trade and Arrears in Russia | October 2000, Box 3.3 |
Fiscal Decentralization in Transition Economies: China and Russia | October 2000, Box 3.5 |
Accession of Turkey to the European Union | October 2000, Box 4.3 |
Japan’s Recent Monetary and Structural Policy Initiatives | May 2001, Box 1.3 |
Japan: A Fiscal Outlier? | May 2001, Box 3.1 |
Financial Implications of the Shrinking Supply of U.S. Treasury Securities | May 2001, Box 3.2 |
The Growth-Poverty Nexus in India | October 2001, Box 1.6 |
Has U.S. TFP Growth Accelerated Outside of the IT Sector? | October 2001, Box 3.2 |
Fiscal Stimulus and the Outlook for the United States | December 2001, Box 3.2 |
Argentina: An Uphill Struggle to Regain Confidence | December 2001, Box 3.4 |
China’s Medium-Term Fiscal Challenges | April 2002, Box 1.4 |
Rebuilding Afghanistan | April 2002, Box 1.5 |
Russia’s Rebounds | April 2002, Box 1.6 |
Brazil: The Quest to Restore Market Confidence | September 2002, Box 1.4 |
Where Is India in Terms of Trade Liberalization? | September 2002, Box 1.5 |
How Important Are Banking Weaknesses in Explaining Germany’s Stagnation? | April 2003, Box 1.3 |
Are Corporate Financial Conditions Related to the Severity of Recessions in the United States? | April 2003, Box 2.2 |
Rebuilding Post-Conflict Iraq | September 2003, Box 1.4 |
How Will the U.S. Budget Deficit Affect the Rest of the World? | April 2004, Chapter II |
China’s Emergence and Its Impact on the Global Economy | April 2004, Chapter II |
Can China Sustain Its Rapid Output Growth? | April 2004, Box 2.3 |
Quantifying the International Impact of China’s WTO Accession | April 2004, Box 2.4 |
Structural Reforms and Economic Growth: New Zealand’s Experience | April 2004, Box 3.1 |
Structural Reforms in the United Kingdom During the 1980s | April 2004, Box 3.2 |
The Netherlands: How the Interaction of Labor Market Reforms and Tax Cuts Led to Strong Employment Growth | April 2004, Box 3.3 |
Why Is the U.S. International Income Account Still in the Black, and Will This Last? | September, 2005, Box 1.2 |
Is India Becoming an Engine for Global Growth? | September, 2005, Box 1.4 |
Saving and Investment in China | September, 2005, Box 2.1 |
China’s GDP Revision: What Does It Mean for China and the Global Economy? | April 2006, Box 1.6 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
How Large Was the Output Collapse in Russia? Alternative Estimates and Welfare Implications Evgeny Gavrilenkov and Vincent Koen | September, 1995 |
World Economic Outlook | |
Factors Behind the Financial Crisis in Mexico | May 1995, Annex I |
New Zealand’s Structural Reforms and Economic Revival | May 1995, Box 3 |
Brazil and Korea | May 1995, Box 5 |
The Output Collapse in Russia | May 1995, Box 8 |
Foreign Direct Investment in Estonia | May 1995, Box 9 |
September 1995 Economic Stimulus Packages in Japan | October 1995, Box 1 |
Uganda: Successful Adjustment Under Difficult Circumstances | October 1995, Box 3 |
Changing Wage Structures in the Czech Republic | October 1995, Box 6 |
Resolving Financial System Problems in Japan | May 1996, Box 3 |
New Zealand’s Fiscal Responsibility Act | May 1996, Box 4 |
Deindustrialization and the Labor Market in Sweden | May 1997, Box 7 |
Ireland Catches Up | May 1997, Box 8 |
Foreign Direct Investment Strategies in Hungary and Kazakhstan | May 1997, Box 12 |
China—Growth and Economic Reforms | October 1997, Annex I |
Alternative Exchange Rate Assumptions for Japan | October 1997, Box 2 |
Hong Kong, China: Economic Linkages and Institutional Arrangements | October 1997, Box 9 |
Russia’s Fiscal Challenges | May 1998, Box 9 |
Japan’s Economic Crisis and Policy Options | October 1998, Chapter IV |
Brazil’s Financial Assistance Package and Adjustment Program | December 1998, Box 1.1 |
Recent Developments in the Japanese Financial System | December 1998, Box 1.2 |
Malaysia’s Capital Controls | December 1998, Box 2.1 |
Hong Kong’s Intervention in the Equity Spot and Futures Markets | December 1998, Box 2.2 |
Is China’s Growth Overstated? | December 1998, Box 4.1 |
Measuring Household Saving in the United States | May 1999, Box 2.2 |
Australia and New Zealand: Divergences, Prospects, and Vulnerabilities | October 1999, Box 1.1 |
The Emerging Market Crises and South Africa | October 1999, Box 2.1 |
Structural Reforms in Latin America: The Case of Argentina | October 1999, Box 2.3 |
Malaysia’s Response to the Financial Crisis: How Unorthodox Was It? | October 1999, Box 2.4 |
Financial Sector Restructuring in Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, and Thailand | October 1999, Box 2.5 |
Turkey’s IMF-Supported Disinflation Program | May 2000, Box 2.1 |
Productivity and Stock Prices in the United States | May 2000, Box 3.1 |
India: Reinvigorating the Reform Process | May 2000, Box 4.2 |
Risky Business: Output Volatility and the Perils of Forecasting in Japan | October 2000, Box 1.2 |
China’s Prospective WTO Accession | October 2000, Box 1.3 |
Addressing Barter Trade and Arrears in Russia | October 2000, Box 3.3 |
Fiscal Decentralization in Transition Economies: China and Russia | October 2000, Box 3.5 |
Accession of Turkey to the European Union | October 2000, Box 4.3 |
Japan’s Recent Monetary and Structural Policy Initiatives | May 2001, Box 1.3 |
Japan: A Fiscal Outlier? | May 2001, Box 3.1 |
Financial Implications of the Shrinking Supply of U.S. Treasury Securities | May 2001, Box 3.2 |
The Growth-Poverty Nexus in India | October 2001, Box 1.6 |
Has U.S. TFP Growth Accelerated Outside of the IT Sector? | October 2001, Box 3.2 |
Fiscal Stimulus and the Outlook for the United States | December 2001, Box 3.2 |
Argentina: An Uphill Struggle to Regain Confidence | December 2001, Box 3.4 |
China’s Medium-Term Fiscal Challenges | April 2002, Box 1.4 |
Rebuilding Afghanistan | April 2002, Box 1.5 |
Russia’s Rebounds | April 2002, Box 1.6 |
Brazil: The Quest to Restore Market Confidence | September 2002, Box 1.4 |
Where Is India in Terms of Trade Liberalization? | September 2002, Box 1.5 |
How Important Are Banking Weaknesses in Explaining Germany’s Stagnation? | April 2003, Box 1.3 |
Are Corporate Financial Conditions Related to the Severity of Recessions in the United States? | April 2003, Box 2.2 |
Rebuilding Post-Conflict Iraq | September 2003, Box 1.4 |
How Will the U.S. Budget Deficit Affect the Rest of the World? | April 2004, Chapter II |
China’s Emergence and Its Impact on the Global Economy | April 2004, Chapter II |
Can China Sustain Its Rapid Output Growth? | April 2004, Box 2.3 |
Quantifying the International Impact of China’s WTO Accession | April 2004, Box 2.4 |
Structural Reforms and Economic Growth: New Zealand’s Experience | April 2004, Box 3.1 |
Structural Reforms in the United Kingdom During the 1980s | April 2004, Box 3.2 |
The Netherlands: How the Interaction of Labor Market Reforms and Tax Cuts Led to Strong Employment Growth | April 2004, Box 3.3 |
Why Is the U.S. International Income Account Still in the Black, and Will This Last? | September, 2005, Box 1.2 |
Is India Becoming an Engine for Global Growth? | September, 2005, Box 1.4 |
Saving and Investment in China | September, 2005, Box 2.1 |
China’s GDP Revision: What Does It Mean for China and the Global Economy? | April 2006, Box 1.6 |
Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook | |
How Large Was the Output Collapse in Russia? Alternative Estimates and Welfare Implications Evgeny Gavrilenkov and Vincent Koen | September, 1995 |
World Economic and Financial Surveys
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Emerging Local Securities and Derivatives Markets
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Official Financing: Recent Developments and Selected Issues
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Exchange Arrangements and Foreign Exchange Markets: Developments and Issues
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ISSN 0258-7440
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These studies, supporting analyses and scenarios of the World Economic Outlook, provide a detailed examination of theory and evidence on major issues currently affecting the global economy.
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Exchange Rate Arrangements and Currency Convertibility: Developments and Issues
by a staff team led by R. Barry Johnston
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