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Middle East and Central Asia > Uzbekistan, Republic of

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Cover IMF Working Papers
Analysis of Recent Growth in Low-Income CIS Countries
Ms. Elena Loukoianova
and
Ms. Anna Unigovskaya
This paper analyzes factors that determine recent economic growth in the low-income countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States.2 The main findings are as follows: (1) productivity gains in export-oriented sectors and expansion of exports may have become the main sources of growth in five of the seven CIS-7 countries, while in the early years of transition the output recovery was mainly driven by consumption; (2) economic growth has concentrated in agriculture and the raw material sectors, and, thus, is vulnerable to changes in external conditions; and (3) structural reforms matter for growth, which is consistent with previous research on growth in transition countries.
Keywords:
WP; real GDP; TFP growth; exchange rate; CIS Goskomstat
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Kyrgyz Republic: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper examines figures related to the key policy areas for the Kyrgyz Republic. Specifically, the paper studies the sources of growth, the cost competitiveness of export, and trade restrictions in the region, which are all linked to the achievement of the growth and poverty reduction targets of the National Poverty Reduction Strategy. It addresses the issues of agricultural taxation and fiscal aspects of the environment. The paper also focuses on a specific structural problem in taxation, and analyzes the fiscal aspects of environmental protection.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Kyrgyzstan; export; VAT; cost; TFP growth; Kyrgyz export; cost competitiveness; NPRS growth target; output growth in the Kyrgyz Republic; Exports; Value-added tax; Agricultural sector; Total factor productivity; Transportation; Central Asia; Baltics; Western Europe
Cover Dimensiones fiscales del desarrollo sostenible
Dimensiones fiscales del desarrollo sostenible
International Monetary Fund

Abstract

La política fiscal influye en el desarrollo sostenible a través de sus efectos en el crecimiento, el medio ambiente y el desarrollo de los recursos naturales. ¿Qué relaciones existen entre la política fiscal y el desarrollo sostenible y de qué manera el FMI procura promover el desarrollo sostenible a través de su asesoramiento sobre políticas? ¿Qué lecciones se han extraído hasta ahora y de qué manera los gobiernos, la comunidad internacional y las instituciones financieras internacionales pueden respaldar mejor el desarrollo sostenible?

Keywords:
PAM; spending; government; country; government expenditure policy; governance; IMF's mandate
Cover Aspects budgétaires du développement durable
Aspects budgétaires du développement durable
Le sommet mondial sur le développement durable
International Monetary Fund

Abstract

La politique budgétaire influe sur le développement durable par les effets qu'elle exerce sur la croissance économique, sur l'environnement et sur la mise en valeur des ressources. Quelles sont les relations entre la politique budgétaire et le développement durable, et comment le FMI s'efforce-t-il de promouvoir le développement durable dans ses recommandations ? Quel est le bilan de l'expérience acquise à ce jour, et par quels moyens les pouvoirs publics, la communauté internationale et les institutions financières internationales peuvent-ils promouvoir plus efficacement le développement durable ?

Keywords:
PAM; spending; government; country; government expenditure policy; governance; IMF's mandate
Cover Fiscal Dimensions of Sustainable Development
Fiscal Dimensions of Sustainable Development
International Monetary Fund

Abstract

Fiscal policy affects sustainable development through its effects on growth, the environment, and resource development. What are the relationships between fiscal policy and sustainable development, and how does the IMF seek to promote sustainable development in its policy advice? What lessons have been learned so far, and how can governments, the international community, and international financial institutions more fully support sustainable development?

Keywords:
PAM; spending; government; country; government expenditure policy; governance; IMF's mandate; poverty strategy; contribution to sustainable development; balance of payments crisis; sound public expenditure management; Health care spending; Sustainable development; Africa; Global; East Asia
Cover IMF Working Papers
The Great Contractions in Russia, the Baltics and the Other Countries of the Former Soviet Union: A View From the Supply Side
International Monetary Fund
The output contractions during the initial transition stages in the Baltics and in Russia and the other CIS countries are examined across several dimensions, and the reliability of the available official statistics evaluated. The depth, length and breadth of the contractions are studied and set against a longer-run historical perspective. The relationship between inputs and outputs as described in a standard accounting framework shows that there is more to the contractions than collapsing investment and shrinking employment. Sharp declines in productivity, reflecting in part transition-related factors, also played a major role.
Keywords:
WP; Output; transition; growth; productivity; output decline; CIS country; productivity effect; TFP loss; output contraction; renewed output; productivity decline; index of total factor productivity; productivity occupation; higher-productivity sector; Total factor productivity; Agricultural sector; Labor productivity; Baltics; Europe
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Uzbekistan: Recent Economic Developments
International Monetary Fund
This paper reviews economic developments in the Republic of Uzbekistan during 1992–97. It compares growth in Uzbekistan with that of other transition economies and seeks to shed light on why Uzbekistan has suffered a smaller transformational recession than other transition economies. The paper covers the existing arrangements for production and trade in agriculture, and estimates the costs for agriculture arising from state procurement and the multiple exchange rate system. The paper also traces the effects of multiple exchange rates and other quasi-fiscal operations on the economy as a whole.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; exchange rate; yield; government; market; price; foreign currency; consumer goods; central bank; curb exchange market; exchange market operation; Uzbek growth experience; Agricultural commodities; Commercial banks; Exchange rates; Imports; Baltics; Europe; Western Hemisphere; Asia and Pacific; Eastern Europe; Africa
Cover IMF Working Papers
Output Decline and Recovery in Uzbekistan: Past Performance and Future Prospects
Mr. Jeromin Zettelmeyer
and
Mr. Günther Taube
What explains Uzbekistan’s unusually mild “transformational recession” and its moderate recovery during 1996-97? We examine potential biases in output measurement, the role of “special factors”—including initial production structure, natural resources, and public investment policies—and sectoral output developments. The main findings are (i) Uzbekistan’s relatively favorable output record is not an artifact of measurement alone; (ii) public investment has had no significant effects on growth; (iii) the mildness of Uzbekistan’s transitional recession can be accounted for by its favorable initial production structure and its self-sufficiency in energy; (iv) unless reforms are significantly accelerated, medium-term growth prospects are mediocre.
Keywords:
WP; Uzbek experience; output performance; reform policy; private sector; Uzbek growth path; Uzbekistan; Transition; Growth; Output; Sustainability; unmeasured Uzbekistan effect; Uzbek authorities; Uzbek growth experience; consumer goods; Agricultural commodities; Structural reforms; Agricultural sector; Public investment spending; Baltics
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Kyrgyz Republic: Recent Economic Developments
International Monetary Fund
This paper describes economic developments in the Kyrgyz Republic during the 1990s. The cash fiscal deficit increased from 7.7 percent of GDP in 1994 to 12.5 percent of GDP in 1995. The authorities encountered difficulties in raising revenues early in the year, but with the implementation of measures to strengthen tax collection, taxes were maintained at about 13.5 percent of GDP for the year as a whole. However, total budget revenues fell from 21 percent of GDP in 1994 to 16 percent of GDP in 1995, reflecting a sharp decline in central bank profit transfers and food grants.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Kyrgyz authorities; CIS country; broad money; first quarter; Kyrgyz authority; tax revenue; state enterprise; commercial bank; Imports; Exports; Agricultural sector; Agricultural commodities