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Middle East and Central Asia > Uzbekistan, Republic of

You are looking at 1 - 7 of 7 items for :

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Cover IMF Working Papers
SME Financial Inclusion for Sustained Growth in the Middle East and Central Asia
Mishel Ghassibe
,
Maximiliano Appendino
, and
Samir Elsadek Mahmoudi
This paper offers empirical evidence that greater financial inclusion of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) can promote higher economic growth and employment, especially in the Middle East and Central Asia regions. First, we show that countries with higher SME financial inclusion exhibit more effective monetary policy transmission and tax collection. Second, we find substantial employment and labor productivity growth gains at the firm level from access to credit, gains that are higher for SMEs. We also obtain evidence of a substantial positive impact on SME employment and labor productivity growth from improved credit bureau coverage and insolvency regimes. Finally, cross-country aggregate evidence confirms the employment and growth gains from SME financial inclusion, which appear larger in the Middle East and Central Asia than in other regions.
Keywords:
WP; SME financial inclusion; Small and Medium Sized Enterprises; Financial Inclusion; Economic Growth; monetary policy transmission; growth gain; output gap; SME Financial inclusion index; labor productivity gain; SME employment; employment growth; Small and medium enterprises; Labor productivity; Productivity; Employment; Middle East and Central Asia
Cover IMF Working Papers
Rapid Growth in Transition Economies: Growth-Accounting Approach
Mr. Garbis Iradian
This paper uses the growth-accounting approach to determine the sources of growth in transition economies. The central conclusion is that the estimated total factor productivity (TFP) growth for the former Soviet Union republics were significantly higher than other fast growing economies. A key question for prospective growth is whether the TFP gains achieved thus far have already eliminated most of the inefficiencies of central planning-and will therefore soon fade away. Underutilized labor combined with the recent trend of faster capital accumulation may play a more important role in the medium-term growth.
Keywords:
WP; TFP growth; technical efficiency; CIS country; physical capital
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Russian Federation: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper analyzes the entrenched inflation in Russia. It presents a possible explanation for the entrenched inflation stating that the Russian economy is facing increasing supply-side constraints in goods and labor markets. The paper focuses on measuring the performance of fiscal policy in Russia. It examines capital structures and vulnerabilities for the corporate sector in Russia. Recent developments and remaining challenges for the Russian banking sector are analyzed. Terms of trade and economic growth in the Former Soviet Union are also discussed.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; bank; terms of trade growth; oil revenue; terms of trade shock; oil price balance; output gap estimate; arithmetic trend; Terms of trade; Fiscal stance; Capacity utilization; Oil prices; Output gap; Baltics; Western Europe; Central and Eastern Europe; Africa; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
Analysis of Recent Growth in Low-Income CIS Countries
Ms. Elena Loukoianova
and
Ms. Anna Unigovskaya
This paper analyzes factors that determine recent economic growth in the low-income countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States.2 The main findings are as follows: (1) productivity gains in export-oriented sectors and expansion of exports may have become the main sources of growth in five of the seven CIS-7 countries, while in the early years of transition the output recovery was mainly driven by consumption; (2) economic growth has concentrated in agriculture and the raw material sectors, and, thus, is vulnerable to changes in external conditions; and (3) structural reforms matter for growth, which is consistent with previous research on growth in transition countries.
Keywords:
WP; real GDP; TFP growth; exchange rate; CIS Goskomstat
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Kyrgyz Republic: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper examines figures related to the key policy areas for the Kyrgyz Republic. Specifically, the paper studies the sources of growth, the cost competitiveness of export, and trade restrictions in the region, which are all linked to the achievement of the growth and poverty reduction targets of the National Poverty Reduction Strategy. It addresses the issues of agricultural taxation and fiscal aspects of the environment. The paper also focuses on a specific structural problem in taxation, and analyzes the fiscal aspects of environmental protection.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Kyrgyzstan; export; VAT; cost; TFP growth; Kyrgyz export; cost competitiveness; NPRS growth target; output growth in the Kyrgyz Republic; Exports; Value-added tax; Agricultural sector; Total factor productivity; Transportation; Central Asia; Baltics; Western Europe
Cover Growth Experience in Transition Countries, 90-98
Growth Experience in Transition Countries, 90-98
International Monetary Fund

Abstract

This study, another in the series focusing on special issues in transition, reviews the experience of output decline and recovery in the 25 countries of eastern and central Europe and the Baltics, Russia, and other countries of the former Soviet Union. Although these countries began the process of economic transformation with similar circumstances of output decline, the extent of decline, its duration, and the sustainability of recovery in growth varied considerably. The authors explore the factors behind this variation and find that the most important policies promoting early and sustained recovery were ones that supported financial stabilization and structural reforms in key areas such as private sector development, the tax system, economic liberalization, and secure property rights.

Keywords:
OP; transition country; country; economy; transition economy; rating agency; market signal; productivity calculation; Structural reforms; Privatization; Foreign direct investment; Productivity; Europe; Baltics; Central and Eastern Europe; Asia and Pacific
Cover IMF Working Papers
The Great Contractions in Russia, the Baltics and the Other Countries of the Former Soviet Union: A View From the Supply Side
International Monetary Fund
The output contractions during the initial transition stages in the Baltics and in Russia and the other CIS countries are examined across several dimensions, and the reliability of the available official statistics evaluated. The depth, length and breadth of the contractions are studied and set against a longer-run historical perspective. The relationship between inputs and outputs as described in a standard accounting framework shows that there is more to the contractions than collapsing investment and shrinking employment. Sharp declines in productivity, reflecting in part transition-related factors, also played a major role.
Keywords:
WP; Output; transition; growth; productivity; output decline; CIS country; productivity effect; TFP loss; output contraction; renewed output; productivity decline; index of total factor productivity; productivity occupation; higher-productivity sector; Total factor productivity; Agricultural sector; Labor productivity; Baltics; Europe