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Africa > Uganda

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Cover Technical Assistance Reports
Uganda: Technical Assistance Report-The Cost of Meeting the Sustainable Development Goals in Human Capital and Infrastructure Development
International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
The mission estimates that making substantial progress in critical SDG sectors in Uganda would require additional annual spending of about 18.4 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) by 2030. Relative to low-income developing countries (LIDCs), additional spending in Uganda is higher in the social sectors and lower in the infrastructure sectors (Figure). Overall, Uganda’s additional spending is above the median LIDC and similar to the median Sub-Saharan African (SSA) country. (This analysis is an assessment of the spending to achieve a high performance in selected SDGs in Uganda and does not include an examination of options to finance the spending needs.) • Health—expanding the supply of medical staff. Total health care spending is low (4.2 percent of GDP) relative to peers, and there is substantial room to increase the efficiency of spending: health outcomes are below those of several other countries with similar spending. Overall, we estimate that total health care spending would have to gradually increase by an additional 7.4 percent of GDP in 2030 relative to today’s spending, to deliver superior health care outcomes. A major contributor to the additional cost is the need to substantially increase the supply of doctors—more than 16-fold—and to nearly triple the number of other health personnel. • Education—strengthening both quality and quantity of services. Uganda’s young population—60 percent are school-aged, a higher share than in the East African Community (EAC) and LIDC peers—combined with a relatively low enrollment rate, means that the country needs to invest in getting its children into schools. However, just as important is improving the currently low level of educational quality. Toward this goal, class sizes need to fall by hiring more teachers, thus bringing the student-teacher ratio down from 28 to 19. Public spending, currently well below LIDC and EAC averages, would need to triple as a share of GDP to help deliver on these goals. We estimate that Uganda’s total expenditures on education would need to increase by an additional 6.7 percent of GDP from its current level of 7.1 percent of GDP. • Water and sanitation—aiming at safely managed water and sanitation for all. Uganda is below regional and income-group peers in water and sanitation standards. In particular, while there has been progress in water provision, sanitation services have hardly improved in the past two decades, and its provision is lower than most countries in the subregion. Closing the water and sanitation gaps will require an additional annual spending of 1.1 percent of GDP, including maintenance costs to counteract depreciation. The bulk of the cost burden comes from safely managed water in rural areas, given the relatively high unit cost of such facilities and the large rural population unserved by this type of facility. • Electricity—investing in transmission and distribution networks to increase access. The vast majority of Uganda’s electricity is generated by renewable energy (hydropower). Overall electricity consumption per capita, at 83kilowatt-hour (kWh), strongly lags LIDCs and is below what would be expected given its level of GDP per capita. Transmission and distribution networks need to catch up with installed capacity, which, at 1,347 megawatts (MW), is far ahead of peak demand at 793 MW. We estimate that expanding current access, serving the future population through 2030, and increasing consumption in line with economic growth, will require annual investments reaching 0.4 percent of GDP in 2030. • Roads—gradually increasing rural access. Raising access to roads from its current level of 53 percent of the rural population to 75 percent by 2030 will require about 20.4 thousand additional kilometers of all-weather roads. While rural road access is higher than LIDCs, road quality lags subregional peers, thus the expansion of access will also need to include upgrading of roads in that are in poor condition. We estimate that this will require annual investments of 2.8 percent of GDP in 2030.
Keywords:
Uganda; Sustainable Development Goals; Social Spending; Infrastructure Spending.; EU-International Monetary Fund; IMF resident Representative; IMF team; FAD department; SDG index; Sustainable Development Goals (SDG); Global; Sub-Saharan Africa
Cover Regional Economic Outlook, October 2020, Sub-Saharan Africa
Regional Economic Outlook, October 2020, Sub-Saharan Africa
A Difficult Road to Recovery
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.

Abstract

Sub-Saharan Africa is struggling to navigate an unprecedented health and economic crisis—one that, in just a few months, has jeopardized decades of hard-won development gains and upended the lives and livelihoods of millions.

Keywords:
reopening; recovery; crisis; pandemic; recession; REO; financing gap; commodity-exporting country; policy mix; governance reform; policy challenge
Cover Regional Economic Outlook, October 2020, Sub-Saharan Africa
Regional Economic Outlook, October 2020, Sub-Saharan Africa
A Difficult Road to Recovery
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.

Abstract

Sub-Saharan Africa is struggling to navigate an unprecedented health and economic crisis—one that, in just a few months, has jeopardized decades of hard-won development gains and upended the lives and livelihoods of millions.

Keywords:
reopening; recovery; crisis; pandemic; recession; REO; financing gap; commodity-exporting country; policy mix; governance reform; policy challenge; IMF staff calculation; exchange market pressure index; financial support; IMF role; transfer program; international community; financial crisis; financing difficulties; market terms; food price inflation; COVID-19; Oil prices; Debt service; Sub-Saharan Africa; Africa; Global; West Africa; Inflation
Cover Regional Economic Outlook, October 2020, Sub-Saharan Africa
Regional Economic Outlook, October 2020, Sub-Saharan Africa
A Difficult Road to Recovery
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.

Abstract

Sub-Saharan Africa is struggling to navigate an unprecedented health and economic crisis—one that, in just a few months, has jeopardized decades of hard-won development gains and upended the lives and livelihoods of millions.

Keywords:
reopening; recovery; crisis; pandemic; recession; REO; financing gap; commodity-exporting country; policy mix; governance reform; policy challenge
Cover Regional Economic Outlook, October 2020, Sub-Saharan Africa
Regional Economic Outlook, October 2020, Sub-Saharan Africa
A Difficult Road to Recovery
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.

Abstract

Sub-Saharan Africa is struggling to navigate an unprecedented health and economic crisis—one that, in just a few months, has jeopardized decades of hard-won development gains and upended the lives and livelihoods of millions.

Keywords:
reopening; recovery; crisis; pandemic; recession; REO; financing gap; commodity-exporting country; policy mix; governance reform; policy challenge
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Uganda: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper
International Monetary Fund
Uganda’s National Development Plan (NDP) stipulates medium-term strategic direction, development priorities, and implementation strategies. It also details Uganda’s current development status, challenges, and opportunities. The contribution of this NDP to the socioeconomic transformation will be demonstrated by improved employment levels, higher per capita income, improved labor force distribution in line with sectoral GDP shares, substantially improved human development and gender equality indicators, and the country’s competitiveness position, among others. The impressive GDP growth performance has contributed to a significant reduction in poverty levels.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Intervention description; private sector; local government; natural resources; foreign policy; information system; physical education; quality assurance; per capita income; air transport; policy management; quality of service; life skills; Global; East Africa; Africa; Middle East; Sub-Saharan Africa
Cover IMF Working Papers
Uganda: Managing More Effective Decentralization
Mr. Giorgio Brosio
,
Mr. Ehtisham Ahmad
, and
Ms. Maria Gonzalez
This Working Paper should not be reported as representing the views of the IMF. The views expressed in this Working Paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the IMF or IMF policy. Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to further debate. A politically driven and ambitious decentralization program implemented by the authorities since the late 1990s has had mixed results in terms of enhancing service delivery. Paradoxically, concerns with the results of service delivery, partially driven by donors' requirements, have resulted in a deconcentrated system relying on conditional grants and unfunded mandates. This has reduced the incentives, responsibility, and ownership for local authorities to improve service delivery. Crucially, for functions where the local authorities have had full responsibility, better service quality has resulted than in those areas in which there are overlapping responsibilities between the center and the local authorities.
Keywords:
WP; local authorities; service delivery; government tier; expenditure function; government expenditure
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Islamic Republic of Mauritania: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
Statistical data and issues are discussed in this paper. Mauritania reached the completion point under the enhanced Initiative for Heavily Indebted Poor Countries. In July 2004, a new economic team took actions to tighten fiscal and monetary policies. The authorities intend to adopt sound principles for oil revenue management and tracking (various frameworks, such as the one proposed in the Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative, are under consideration). Executive Directors welcomed the authorities’ willingness to prepare for the transition to a more flexible exchange rate.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Mauritania; expenditure; price; poverty incidence; poverty-reducing effect; poverty perception; growth record; poverty increase; squared poverty gap; poverty indicator; Oil; gas and mining taxes; Oil prices; Sub-Saharan Africa; C. poverty perception; hydrocarbon sector; Statistical Appendix table; fish catch; I. managing oil wealth
Cover Global Monitoring Report, 2006
Global Monitoring Report, 2006
Strengthening Mutual Accountability: Aid, Trade, and Governance
International Monetary Fund

Abstract

This third edition of the Global Monitoring Report examines the commitments and actions of donors, international financial institutions, and developing countries to implement the Millennium Declaration, signed by 189 countries in 2000. Many countries are off track to meet the Millennium Development Goals, particularly in Africa and South Asia, but new evidence is emerging that higher-quality aid and a better policy environment are accelerating progress in some countries, and that the benefits of this progress are reaching poor families. This report takes a closer look at the donors' 2005 commitments to aid and debt relief, and argues that rigorous, sustained monitoring is needed to ensure that they are met and deliver results, and to prevent the cycle of accumulating unsustainable debt from repeating itself. International financial institutions need to focus on development outcomes rather than inputs, and strengthen their capacity to manage for results in developing countries.

Keywords:
MISC RPT; MISC; State party; private sector; governance system; low-income country; state; country; country system; governance indicator; investment climate; Global; Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; South Asia; East Asia; Corruption; Debt relief; Infrastructure; middle-income country; Caribbean
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Uganda: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper: Joint Staff Advisory Note
International Monetary Fund
This Joint Staff Advisory Note discusses key priorities for strengthening Uganda’s Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP) and for ensuring its effective implementation. PEAP 2004 describes the participatory process underpinning the development of the PEAP strategy, provides a poverty diagnosis, and presents policy measures, sector plans, costing, and a result-oriented policy matrix for sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction over the 2004/05–2007/08 period. It argues for a shift of the policy focus from recovery to sustainable growth and structural transformation, and presents specific government policies to accelerate poverty reduction.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; PEAP 2004; policy; governance; Uganda; PEAP target; poverty analysis; poverty diagnosis; PEAP consultation; implementation capacity; PEAP strategy; PEAP point; PEAP project; Poverty reduction strategy; Poverty reduction