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Africa > Uganda

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Cover IMF Working Papers
The East African Community: Prospects for Sustained Growth
Ms. Catherine McAuliffe
,
Ms. Sweta Chaman Saxena
, and
Mr. Masafumi Yabara
The East African Community (EAC) has been among the fastest growing regions in sub-Saharan Africa in the past decade or so. Nonetheless, the recent growth path will not be enough to achieve middle-income status and substantial poverty reduction by the end of the decade—the ambition of most countries in the region. This paper builds on methodologies established in the growth literature to identify a group of countries that achieved growth accelerations and sustained growth to use as benchmarks to evaluate the prospects, and potential constraints, for EAC countries to translate their recent growth upturn into sustained high growth. We find that EAC countries compare favorably to the group of sustained growth countries—macroeconomic and government stability, favorable business climate, and strong institutions—but important differences remain. EAC countries have a smaller share of exports, lower degree of financial deepening, lower levels of domestic savings, higher reliance on donor aid, and limited physical infrastructure and human capital. Policy choices to address some of these shortcomings could make a difference in whether the EAC follows the path of sustained growth or follows other countries where growth upturns later fizzled out. 
Keywords:
WP; EAC country; EAC member; growth acceleration; EAC economy; EAC growth; Accelerated growth; sustained growth; benchmarking; East African Community; sub-Saharan Africa; EAC integration; exchange rate; private sector; common market; Exports; Financial sector; Government debt management; Productivity; Real exchange rates; Africa; Global
Cover Departmental Papers
Spillover Effects and the East African Community: Explaining the Slowdown and the Recovery
International Monetary Fund
The East African Community (EAC) countries (Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, and Rwanda) have been affected by the global financial crisis and global recession. The fall in global demand and inflows and tighter liquidity conditions abroad affected the countries in this region as elsewhere in sub-Saharan Africa. But how hard have countries in the EAC been hit? Have the spillovers from the global crisis affected countries in the region as much as other countries in the sub-Saharan region? Have the transmission channels or magnitudes of the spillovers been different across EAC countries? How can these countries return quickly to a path of sustained high growth? What is the role for policy? Would acceleration of regional integration and policy coordination help achieve this goal? Would it make the region less susceptible to shocks? This paper focus on the EAC countries and attempts to address these questions.
Keywords:
DPPP; DP; EAC economy; EAC growth; EAC region; Uganda; Kenya; EAC country; oil price shock; EAC cycle; fiscal policy; Exports; Fiscal stimulus; Oil prices; Fiscal stance; Spillovers; Global; Sub-Saharan Africa; Africa
Cover Regional Trade Arrangements in Africa
Regional Trade Arrangements in Africa
Mr. Sanjeev Gupta
and
Yongzheng Yang

Abstract

In recent years, African policymakers have increasingly resorted to regional trade arrangements (RTAs) as a substitute for broad-based trade liberalization. This trend has long-term implications for the effectiveness of trade policy as a tool for poverty reduction and growth. This paper examines the record of RTAs in promoting trade and investment. It also explores policy measures that may help improve RTAs' performance.

Keywords:
ISI; SI; liberalization; RTAs; trade policy priority; trade diversion; trade; trade liberalization work; regional trade arrangements; trading cost; MFN liberalization; trade arrangements in Africa; Trade liberalization; Trade facilitation; Exports; Tariffs; Trade barriers; Africa; East Asia; Global
Cover Policy Papers
Review of PRGF Program Design - Overview
International Monetary Fund
Part of the Fund’s periodic reviews of its policy advice to member countries, and responds to calls by Executive Directors for further staff analysis on improving the design of such programs. In the context of the recent discussions on the design of the broad range of Fund-supported programs, Directors also requested more in-depth analytical studies of disaggregated and homogenous groups, as well as a closer look at how progress towards external viability in low-income countries (LICs) can be improved. The review also seeks to address these requests.
Keywords:
PP; private sector; government spending; design issue; nominal exchange rate; exchange rate appreciation; fiscal policy coordination; Inflation; Real exchange rates; Export performance; Sub-Saharan Africa; Asia and Pacific; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Haiti: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper reviews key trends in Haiti’s fiscal performance over the past decade and discusses various options for strengthening the fiscal system. It suggests that a key challenge will be to generate adequate resources to support development, which requires an increase in outlays on social programs, security, and infrastructure investment to at least the levels observed in other low-income countries. The paper reviews revenue trends and key features of the tax system. It also illustrates that Haiti’s public sector employment is far smaller than in other countries.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Haiti; BRH; wage; expenditure; reserve; BRH bond; BRH loss; BRH balance sheet; wage bill; BRH credit; Public employment; Exports; Value-added tax; Civil service; Western Hemisphere; Caribbean; Africa; Asia and Pacific
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Rwanda: Fourth Review Under the Three-Year Arrangement Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility and Requests for Waiver of Nonobservance of Performance Criteria and for Extension of the Arrangement
International Monetary Fund
The Fourth Review Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility and Requests for Waiver of Nonobservance of Performance Criteria for Rwanda are analyzed. The implementation of policies improved considerably in 2004, although economic performance has been adversely affected by exogenous shocks. Strong activity in construction, transport, and communication raised growth to 4 percent, despite major electricity shortages. Macroeconomic and structural policies will aim at enhancing private sector development and accelerating productivity-enhancing strategies. Fiscal policies will focus on supporting macroeconomic stability and improving the quality of spending through a sizable reallocation to priority areas.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; PRGF arrangement; priority spending; Congo; staff appraisal; Rwandese authorities; UN Security Council; electricity crisis; Exports; Export competitiveness; Africa
Cover IMF Working Papers
Regional Trade Arrangements in Africa: Past Performance and the Way Forward
Yongzheng Yang
and
Mr. Sanjeev Gupta
Regional trade arrangements (RTAs) in Africa have been ineffective in promoting trade and foreign direct investment. Relatively high external trade barriers and low resource complementarity between member countries limit both intra- and extraregional trade. Small market size, poor transport facilities and high trading costs make it difficult for African countries to reap the potential benefits of RTAs. To increase regional trade and investment, African countries need to undertake more broad-based liberalization and streamline existing RTAs, supported by improvements in infrastructure and trade facilitation. Early action to strengthen the domestic revenue base would help address concerns over revenue losses from trade liberalization.
Keywords:
WP; trade creation; trade policy; customs union; MFN liberalization
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Uganda: 2002 Article IV Consultation-Staff Report; Public Information Notice on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive Director for Uganda
International Monetary Fund
This 2002 Article IV Consultation highlights that since the conclusion of the last Article IV consultation in March 2001, Uganda has continued to implement disciplined financial policies and sound structural reforms that have helped to sustain robust economic growth despite an adverse external environment. In 2001/02 (July–June), real GDP growth increased to 6.6 percent, boosted by highly favorable weather conditions for agriculture and a surge in construction activity from a pickup in investment. A sharp drop in food crop prices resulted in negative headline inflation of -2.5 percent during the year.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; deficit; authority; government; inflation; steadfast commitment; headline inflation; government balance; authorities to the fund management; prudent monetary policy; government's liability; real GDP; Poverty reduction; Exports; Budget planning and preparation; Sub-Saharan Africa; Southern Africa; East Africa; Africa; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Uganda: Request for a Three-Year Arrangement Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility-Staff Report; Staff Statement; and a Press Release on the Executive Board Discussion
International Monetary Fund
This paper assesses Uganda’s Request for a Three-Year Arrangement Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF). The program for 2002/03–2004/05, which could be supported by a new PRGF arrangement, aims to increase real GDP growth to about 6½ percent a year on average, while holding annual inflation at about 3½ percent. Monetary and exchange rate policies will focus on maintaining stability in light of sizable sterilization operations. The authorities will rely on market-based monetary instruments and will adhere to a flexible exchange rate policy.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; peace agreement; fund staff; Ugandan People's Defense Forces; PRGF-supported program; LRA raid; staff appraisal; executive board discussion; Poverty reduction strategy; Poverty reduction; Poverty reduction and development; Budget planning and preparation; Southern Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; East Africa
Cover Trade and Trade Policies in Eastern and Southern Africa
Trade and Trade Policies in Eastern and Southern Africa
Mr. Arvind Subramanian

Abstract

Since the early 1990s, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have made significant progress in opening their economies to external competition through trade and currency liberalization. This paper analyzes trade and policy developments for 22 countries in eastern and southern Africa, looks at regional and multilateral integration issues, and reflects on the main challenges these countries face in the new decade. It addresses the main trade policy issues for these countries and suggests possible actions they and their trading partners could follow.

Keywords:
OP; ESA country; country; liberalization; bottom; ESA; ESA region; trade liberalization effort; SADC free trade protocol; island economy; Tariffs; Trade liberalization; Exports; Taxes on trade; Trade policy; Africa; Southern Africa; East Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa