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Africa > Uganda

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Cover IMF Working Papers
Identifying Constraints to Financial Inclusion and Their Impact on GDP and Inequality: A Structural Framework for Policy
Ms. Era Dabla-Norris
,
Yan Ji
,
Robert M. Townsend
, and
Ms. Filiz D Unsal
We develop a micro-founded general equilibrium model with heterogeneous agents to identify pertinent constraints to financial inclusion. We evaluate quantitatively the policy impacts of relaxing each of these constraints separately, and in combination, on GDP and inequality. We focus on three dimensions of financial inclusion: access (determined by the size of participation costs), depth (determined by the size of collateral constraints resulting from limited commitment), and intermediation efficiency (determined by the size of interest rate spreads and default possibilities due to costly monitoring). We take the model to a firm-level data from the World Bank Enterprise Survey for six countries at varying degrees of economic development—three low-income countries (Uganda, Kenya, Mozambique), and three emerging market countries (Malaysia, the Philippines, and Egypt). The results suggest that alleviating different financial frictions have a differential impact across countries, with country-specific characteristics playing a central role in determining the linkages and tradeoffs between inclusion, GDP, inequality, and the distribution of gains and losses.
Keywords:
WP; participation cost; Gini coefficient; cost of capital; intermediation cost; Financial inclusion; inequality; income distribution; hetergenous agents; optimal contract; credit regime; lending interest rate; Self-employment; Credit; Income inequality; Collateral
Cover IMF Survey
Boletín del FMI Vol.36, No.06 abril de 2007
International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
El Boletín del FMI aborda de manera específica el trabajo del FMI y los grandes temas macroeconómicos y financieros internacionales y ofrece análisis sobre la evolución en los distintos países y regiones y en el mundo; información sobre las operaciones, políticas, reformas y asistencia técnica del FMI; síntesis de las principales investigaciones económicas mundiales; datos fundamentales que no suelen estar disponibles en otras fuentes, e informes sobre debates económicos y financieros que tienen lugar dentro y fuera del FMI. Este boletín de 16 páginas, publicado 12 veces al año, está orientado a una vasta audiencia, que incluye autoridades de política económica, analistas, profesionales del mundo académico y de los medios de difusión y estudiantes. Disponible en inglés, español y francés.
Keywords:
SV; economy; GDP; SDR; Rodrigo de Rato
Cover IMF Survey
Bulletin du FMI vol. 36, n° 6, avril 2007
International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
En mettant l’accent sur le travail du FMI et sur les grandes questions macroéconomiques et financières internationales, le Bulletin du FMI présente une analyse des développements nationaux, régionaux et mondiaux, des informations sur le travail, les politiques, les réformes et les activités d'assistance technique du FMI, les conclusions d'études de calibre mondial, des données essentielles qui ne sont souvent pas disponibles ailleurs, ainsi que des rapports sur les discussions économiques et financières au sein du FMI et ailleurs. Publié douze fois par an, ce bulletin de seize pages s'adresse à un large public : dirigeants, analystes, chercheurs, étudiants et journalistes. Disponible en anglais, français et espagnol.
Keywords:
SV; economy; GDP; SDR; Rodrigo de Rato
Cover IMF Survey
IMF Survey, Volume 36 Issue 06
International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
Spring Meetings preview, world outlook, global financial stability, U.S. subprime mortgages, labor globalization, external imbalances, IMF and Africa, wage bill ceilings, policy support instrument, modernizing IMF surveillance, India, Bulgaria, PNoWB.
Keywords:
SV; economy; GDP; SDR; Rodrigo de Rato; IMF survey; IMF quota; IMF publication service; banks in Africa; unit of account of the IMF; Poverty reduction strategy; Inflation; Poverty reduction; Housing prices; Global; Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; Europe; East Asia; Asia and Pacific
Cover Policy Papers
Strengthening IMF-World Bank Collaboration on Country Programs and Conditionality - Progress Report
International Monetary Fund
NULL
Keywords:
PP; fund; country; relations annexe; fund staff; Bank-fund collaboration; relations annex; Bank country Directors; fund coordination; Bank-fund paper; Bank staff; Bank region; Bank-fund relations annex; Financial sector; Financial Sector Assessment Program; Communications in revenue administration
Cover IMF Working Papers
Is Policy Ownership An Operational Concept?
Mr. James M. Boughton
and
Mr. Alex Mourmouras
IMF lending is generally conditional on specified policies and outcomes. These conditions usually are negotiated compromises between policies initially favored by the Fund and by the country's authorities. In some cases the authorities might be satisfied enough with the outcome to take responsibility for it ("own" it) even though it was not their original preference. In other cases, they might accept the outcome only to obtain financing, in which case weak commitment might lead to poor implementation. This paper reviews the theoretical basis for the importance of ownership, summarizes what is known about its empirical effects, and suggests a strategy for strengthening it.
Keywords:
WP; recipient country government; government need; government decision-makers; policy reaction function; ownership; IMF; conditionality; common agency models; State capture; representative government; recipient government; central bank carrying out; government ownership; government failure; country's authorities; Multilateral development institutions; Structural reforms
Cover IMF Survey
IMF Survey: Volume 29, Issue 04
International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
The Web edition of the IMF Survey is updated several times a week, and contains a wealth of articles about topical policy and economic issues in the news. Access the latest IMF research, read interviews, and listen to podcasts given by top IMF economists on important issues in the global economy. www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/survey/so/home.aspx
Keywords:
SV; IMF's Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility; IMF staff country report; IMF publications catalog; growth facility; IMF staff country; contingency financing facility; IMF survey; Poverty reduction strategy; Corruption; Poverty reduction; Labor markets; Employment; Baltics; Global; Europe; Africa; Asia and Pacific; Caribbean
Cover IMF Survey
IMF Survey: Volume 29, Issue 01
International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
The Web edition of the IMF Survey is updated several times a week, and contains a wealth of articles about topical policy and economic issues in the news. Access the latest IMF research, read interviews, and listen to podcasts given by top IMF economists on important issues in the global economy. www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/survey/so/home.aspx
Keywords:
SV; IMF's website; structural adjustment Facility; SDR; gold sale; contingency financing facility; fund Facility; decision-making role; Poverty reduction strategy; Insurance; Exchange rate arrangements; Employment; Poverty reduction; Global; Europe; Africa; Pacific Islands; Central and Eastern Europe; Asia and Pacific
Cover Africa
Africa
Adjustment to the Challenges of Globalization

Abstract

Sub-Saharan Africa needs much faster economic growth and more effective economic, financial, and social policies if it is to make up for lost ground and reduce the number of people living in abject poverty. Edited by Laura Wallace, this volume presents the proceedings of a May 1998 seminar in Paris, organized jointly by the IMF and the Japanese Ministry of Finance, on ways to accelerate Africa's growth in our increasingly globalized world. Senior African and Asian government officials, representatives from multicultural institutions, donors, academics, and private sector participants gathered to discuss how to improve the private investment environment in African countries and take advantage of globalization's benefits while minimizing its risks, and how to strengthen the contribution of government in areas of capacity building, good governance, effective public resource management, and improved quality and composition of government spending.

Keywords:
BOOK; government; liberalization; country; trade reform; private sector view; trade liberalization measure; output market; private sector participation; budget issue; Public employment; Trade liberalization; Commercial banks; Foreign direct investment; Africa; East Asia; West Africa; Asia and Pacific; Global; Trade policy
Cover Finance & Development
Finance & Development, March 1972
International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
This paper discusses the role of the IMF in financial stability and planning in world trade. The paper highlights that the IMF was set up to assist in the maintenance of an international monetary system that is conducive to the expansion of international trade. To this end, the IMF was provided with both a regulatory and financial role. In the execution of these functions, the IMF has gradually evolved as a center for international financial cooperation and a source of advice and technical assistance to its members.
Keywords:
FD; F&D; country; cooperative; tariff; world price; volumes XV; business saving; savings institution; government savings; Credit; Tariffs; Currencies; Exchange rates; East Africa; Africa; West Africa; Europe; Asia and Pacific; Southeast Asia; North America; Western Europe; South Asia