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Africa > Uganda

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Cover Regional Trade Arrangements in Africa
Regional Trade Arrangements in Africa
Mr. Sanjeev Gupta
and
Yongzheng Yang

Abstract

In recent years, African policymakers have increasingly resorted to regional trade arrangements (RTAs) as a substitute for broad-based trade liberalization. This trend has long-term implications for the effectiveness of trade policy as a tool for poverty reduction and growth. This paper examines the record of RTAs in promoting trade and investment. It also explores policy measures that may help improve RTAs' performance.

Keywords:
ISI; SI; liberalization; RTAs; trade policy priority; trade diversion; trade; trade liberalization work; regional trade arrangements; trading cost; MFN liberalization; trade arrangements in Africa; Trade liberalization; Trade facilitation; Exports; Tariffs; Trade barriers; Africa; East Asia; Global
Cover Policy Papers
Review of PRGF Program Design - Overview
International Monetary Fund
Part of the Fund’s periodic reviews of its policy advice to member countries, and responds to calls by Executive Directors for further staff analysis on improving the design of such programs. In the context of the recent discussions on the design of the broad range of Fund-supported programs, Directors also requested more in-depth analytical studies of disaggregated and homogenous groups, as well as a closer look at how progress towards external viability in low-income countries (LICs) can be improved. The review also seeks to address these requests.
Keywords:
PP; private sector; government spending; design issue; nominal exchange rate; exchange rate appreciation; fiscal policy coordination; Inflation; Real exchange rates; Export performance; Sub-Saharan Africa; Asia and Pacific; Global
Cover Policy Papers
The Macroeconomics of Managing Increased Aid Inflows - Experiences of Low-Income Countries and Policy Implications
International Monetary Fund
Investigates the macroeconomic challenges for low-income countries created by a surge in aid inflows. It develops an analytical framework for examining possible policy responses to increased aid, and then applies this framework to the experience of five relatively well-governed countries that experienced a recent surge in aid inflows: Ethiopia, Ghana, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Uganda. Each country’s policies were supported by a PRGF arrangement during most of the period under review.
Keywords:
PP; monetary policy; government spending; current account; treasury bill; aggregate demand; nominal exchange rate; aid inflow; terms of trade; exchange rate appreciation; Real exchange rates; Inflation; Government debt management; Africa
Cover IMF Working Papers
Trade Integration in the East African Community: An Assessment for Kenya
Mr. Meredith A McIntyre
The paper analyses the potential trade impact of the forthcoming East African Community (EAC) customs union. It examines the trade linkages among the member countries of the EAC and the extent to which the introduction of the EAC common external tariff will liberalize their trade regimes. To gauge the potential trade impact of the formation of the customs union, simulations are conducted for Kenya. The empirical results indicate that the customs union will have a beneficial effect on Kenya's trade. The paper does not draw any conclusions on the potential welfare impact of the customs union. Finally, factors other than enhanced trade might influence Kenyan policymakers to pursue regional integration, and these include regional cooperation in "behind the border" reforms and the provision of public goods.
Keywords:
WP; trade; Kenya; customs union; Uganda; Tanzania
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Haiti: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper reviews key trends in Haiti’s fiscal performance over the past decade and discusses various options for strengthening the fiscal system. It suggests that a key challenge will be to generate adequate resources to support development, which requires an increase in outlays on social programs, security, and infrastructure investment to at least the levels observed in other low-income countries. The paper reviews revenue trends and key features of the tax system. It also illustrates that Haiti’s public sector employment is far smaller than in other countries.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Haiti; BRH; wage; expenditure; reserve; BRH bond; BRH loss; BRH balance sheet; wage bill; BRH credit; Public employment; Exports; Value-added tax; Civil service; Western Hemisphere; Caribbean; Africa; Asia and Pacific
Cover IMF Working Papers
Regional Integration of Stock Exchanges in Eastern and Southern Africa: Progress and Prospects
Ms. Jacqueline T Irving
This paper assesses whether regional cooperation and integration of stock exchanges in eastern and southern Africa could offer a way of overcoming impediments to the exchanges' development. The paper concludes that regional cooperation and, at a later stage, integration, if carried out at the right pace and in a pragmatic way, could improve the liquidity, efficiency, and competitiveness of these exchanges. Further progress in developing national financial markets must precede any actual moves to integrate securities markets. These exchanges could meanwhile benefit from closer cooperation, including by encouraging more crossborder listings and information/technology sharing.
Keywords:
WP; economic growth; SADC exchange; electronic trading; NSX official; illiquid market; listing requirement; market development; trading system
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Rwanda: Fourth Review Under the Three-Year Arrangement Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility and Requests for Waiver of Nonobservance of Performance Criteria and for Extension of the Arrangement
International Monetary Fund
The Fourth Review Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility and Requests for Waiver of Nonobservance of Performance Criteria for Rwanda are analyzed. The implementation of policies improved considerably in 2004, although economic performance has been adversely affected by exogenous shocks. Strong activity in construction, transport, and communication raised growth to 4 percent, despite major electricity shortages. Macroeconomic and structural policies will aim at enhancing private sector development and accelerating productivity-enhancing strategies. Fiscal policies will focus on supporting macroeconomic stability and improving the quality of spending through a sizable reallocation to priority areas.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; PRGF arrangement; priority spending; Congo; staff appraisal; Rwandese authorities; UN Security Council; electricity crisis; Exports; Export competitiveness; Africa
Cover Global Monitoring Report, 2005
Global Monitoring Report, 2005
Millennium Development Goals: From Consensus to Momentum
International Monetary Fund

Abstract

The year 2005 marks an important juncture for development as the international community takes stock of implementation of the Millennium Declaration—signed by 189 countries in 2000—and discusses how progress toward the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) can be accelerated. The MDGs set clear targets for reducing poverty and other human deprivations and for promoting sustainable development. What progress has been made toward these goals, and what should be done to accelerate it? What are the responsibilities of developing countries, developed countries, and international financial institutions? Global Monitoring Report 2005 addresses these questions. This report, the second in an annual series assessing progress on the MDGs and related development outcomes, has a special focus on Sub-Saharan Africa—the region that is farthest from the development goals and faces the toughest challenges in accelerating progress. The report finds that without rapid action to accelerate progress, the MDGs will be seriously jeopardized—especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, which is falling short on all the goals. It calls on the international community to seize the opportunities presented by the increased global attention to development to build momentum for the MDGs. The report presents in-depth analysis of the agenda and priorities for action. It discusses improvements in policies and governance that developing countries need to make to achieve stronger economic growth and scale up human development and relevant key services. It examines actions that developed countries need to take to provide more and better development aid and to reform their trade policies to improve market access for developing country exports. And it evaluates how international financial institutions can strengthen and sharpen their support for this agenda. Global Monitoring Report 2005 is essential reading for development practitioners and those interested in international affairs.

Keywords:
MISC RPT; MISC; country; development bank; low-income country; Sub-Saharan country; policy; country readiness; developed country; per capita income; Income; Multilateral development institutions; Tariffs; Sub-Saharan Africa; Global; Africa; South Asia; East Asia; middle-income country; Exports; Caribbean
Cover IMF Working Papers
Regional Trade Arrangements in Africa: Past Performance and the Way Forward
Yongzheng Yang
and
Mr. Sanjeev Gupta
Regional trade arrangements (RTAs) in Africa have been ineffective in promoting trade and foreign direct investment. Relatively high external trade barriers and low resource complementarity between member countries limit both intra- and extraregional trade. Small market size, poor transport facilities and high trading costs make it difficult for African countries to reap the potential benefits of RTAs. To increase regional trade and investment, African countries need to undertake more broad-based liberalization and streamline existing RTAs, supported by improvements in infrastructure and trade facilitation. Early action to strengthen the domestic revenue base would help address concerns over revenue losses from trade liberalization.
Keywords:
WP; trade creation; trade policy; customs union; MFN liberalization
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Uganda: Third Review Under the Three-Year Arrangement Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility and Request for Waiver of Performance Criteria—Staff Report; Press Release on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive Director for Uganda
International Monetary Fund
This paper assesses Uganda’s Third Review Under the Three-Year Arrangement Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) and Request for Waiver of Performance Criteria. The fiscal program was broadly on track in 2003/04. Performance under the PRGF-supported program was mixed. Despite some slippages, most quantitative performance criteria were observed for December 2003, and there has been progress in the implementation of structural measures. The authorities are requesting waivers for nonobservance of four performance criteria based on corrective actions taken.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; government; SDR; PRGF loan; PRGF; complying disbursement; government team; PRGF arrangement; reducing interest rate volatility; Arrears; Budget planning and preparation; Tariffs; East Africa