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Europe > Ukraine

You are looking at 1 - 7 of 7 items for :

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Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Belarus: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper reviews the external competitiveness of the Belarusian economy, particularly in 2000–01. The analysis starts with an overview of developments in Belarus’ external current account. The paper then examines various competitiveness indicators, most importantly changes in external and internal real exchange rates, as well as labor cost measures. It reviews trade data by sectors to explain recent export performance. The paper also provides an overview of current wage policy and its macroeconomic effects.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Belarus; wage; subsidy; government; policy challenge; gas arrears; common currency; B. wage Policy; cost recovery; Wage adjustments; Multiple currency practices; Exchange rates; Wages; Wage policy; Western Europe; Baltics; Europe
Cover IMF Working Papers
The Imf and the Ruble Area, 1991-1993
Mr. John C. Odling-Smee
and
Mr. Gonzalo C Pastor Campos
This paper summarizes the IMF advice on the ruble area as it was presented to the national authorities in Russia, the Baltic countries, and other states of the former Soviet Union in 1991-93. In the course of doing so, the paper corrects some misperceptions that have arisen about the IMF's role. The evidence presented in the paper suggests that (i) the balance of arguments on the ruble area (and national currencies) changed over time, and hence so did the IMF's advice, and (ii) from the beginning, the IMF staff concentrated on pointing out the pros and cons of alternative monetary arrangements, without strongly advocating a particular one, emphasizing that it was the authorities' decision to stay in or leave the ruble area. Fund advice on how to introduce national currencies was made readily available to the various national authorities as early as January 1992.
Keywords:
WP; ruble Area; country; ruble; Area arrangement; government; Monetary policy; national currencies; Area option; common currency; ruble Area arrangement; Area membership; Area work; ruble area arrangement; Currencies; Monetary unions; Currency reform; Credit; Correspondent banking; Baltics
Cover A Study Guide to The Fabric of Reform
A Study Guide to The Fabric of Reform
International Monetary Fund

Abstract

This guide is designed to facilitate classroom use of The Fabric of Reform, a 30-minute educational video created by the International Monetary Fund. It is intended for use with students in economics and international relations courses at the secondary and postsecondary levels.

Keywords:
MTU; student; access report; CFA franc; country profile; country; IMF's contribution; rates to the rate; free market work; countries fare; Mali's government; classroom use; market forces; Agricultural commodities; Monetary unions; Currencies; Natural resources; Africa; West Africa; Global; Trade policy
Cover IMF Staff Papers
IMF Staff papers: Volume 41 No. 4
International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
The paper presents a model of optimum currency areas using a general equilibrium approach with regionally differentiated goods. The choice of a currency union depends upon the size of the underlying disturbances, the correlation between these disturbances, the costs of transactions across currencies, factor mobility across regions, and the interrelationships between demand for different goods. It is found that, while a currency union can raise the welfare of the regions within the union, it unambiguously lowers welfare for those outside the union. [JEL F33, F36]
Keywords:
SP; currency union; lending rate; terms of trade; currency arrangement; arrangements in country; progress of economic reform; export tax breaks; exchange rate strategy; Monetary unions; Tariffs; Money markets; Consumption; Pensions; Sub-Saharan Africa; Central and Eastern Europe; Europe; Global; Eastern Europe
Cover IMF Working Papers
Introduction of a New National Currency: Policy, Institutional, and Technical Issues
Mr. Hernán Cortés Douglas
and
Mr. Richard K. Abrams
In the last few years, a number of countries in the Former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe have become independent or regained their independence. Many have chosen to issue their own currencies and more are likely to do so. This paper draws on these and earlier experiences in order to summarize the main policy and institutional arrangements necessary for the introduction of a new currency and to discuss the key features of, and procedures for, the conversion. The paper is designed as a working document for those involved with currency reforms to help ensure that all the necessary steps are taken prior to, during, and immediately after the introduction of a new currency. The body of the paper is in four parts. First, the main macroeconomic and operational measures required to prepare for the orderly transition to the new currency are discussed, including decisions regarding the choice of exchange regime, the issuance of coupons and the costs and benefits of currency reforms. The next section covers issues relating to the production of the new currency bank notes. Next, the main features and terms of the conversion are discussed, as well as certain special issues such as speculative inflows and the treatment of banks’ customers and old currency contracts. The last section covers the operation of the foreign exchange market and maintenance of exchange rate stability in the period immediately following the introduction of the new currency. The appendix covers the technical aspects of currency handling, accounting and management.
Keywords:
WP; currency; bank note; government; country; currency bank notes; single currency; deutsche mark; exchange regime; government transaction; bank note printing contract; Currencies; Exchange rates; Exchange rate arrangements; Monetary unions; Central and Eastern Europe; Baltics
Cover Finance & Development
Finance & Development, June 1993
International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
SlNCE the dissolution of the Soviet Union, most of the former member states have retained the ruble as their national currency but have followed independent monetary policies. Such a combination is not sustainable. With mounting disarray in the ruble area, each state must now quickly adopt either a common monetary policy or a separate national currency.
Keywords:
FD; F&D; country; government; firm; cost; exchange rate; export pessimism; pessimism developing countries; backstop technology; cost calculation; trade pattern; Privatization; Currencies; Monetary unions; Social assistance spending; Renewable energy; Eastern Europe; Global; Baltics; Africa; North America
Cover Finance & Development
Finance & Development, June 1993
International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
For the latest thinking about the international financial system, monetary policy, economic development, poverty reduction, and other critical issues, subscribe to Finance & Development (F&D). This lively quarterly magazine brings you in-depth analyses of these and other subjects by the IMF’s own staff as well as by prominent international experts. Articles are written for lay readers who want to enrich their understanding of the workings of the global economy and the policies and activities of the IMF.
Keywords:
FD; F&D; country; government; firm; cost; exchange rate