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Europe > Ukraine

You are looking at 1 - 2 of 2 items for :

  • Type: Journal Issue x
  • Employee fringe benefits x
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Cover IMF Working Papers
Poverty, Demographic Characteristics, and Public Policy in Cis Countries
Mr. Ehtisham Ahmad
The demographic characteristics of different regions in the former Soviet Union influence the nature of poverty in the newly successor independent states of the FSU. Despite a common policy inheritance, major adjustments are needed in the major social protection instruments to reflect differences in demographics along with a changing resource base.
Keywords:
WP; child benefit; country; republic; CIS country; rate; contribution rate; USSR pattern; alia Russia; USSR social security instrument; USSR level; USSR formulation; USSR Goskomstat; Pension spending; Non-wage benefits; Wages; Income; Aging; Central Asia
Cover IMF Working Papers
Alternative Social Security Systems in CIS Countries
Mr. Ehtisham Ahmad
and
Mr. Jean-Luc Schneider
In the USSR in 1990, social security reforms led to the imposition of a uniform system of benefits in a large and demographically diverse country. This required inter-regional transfers, which are now no longer feasible with the demise of the USSR. Relatively high contribution rates also pose a problem for a nascent commercialized sector. The paper argues that benefit levels in some former Soviet Union countries are now unsustainable. The price shock associated with the “transition” to a market economy should lead to a consideration of a “mix” of policies, including a basic benefit in kind. While funded systems may eventually reduce contribution rates, there are implementation difficulties in the medium term.
Keywords:
WP; real interest rate; contribution rate; PAYG system; CIS republic; PAYG pension benefit; CIS country; Pensions; Pension spending; Aging; Non-wage benefits; Real interest rates; Central Asia