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Europe > Ukraine

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Cover Staff Discussion Notes
Geoeconomic Fragmentation and the Future of Multilateralism
Mr. Shekhar Aiyar
,
Mr. Jiaqian Chen
,
Mr. Christian H Ebeke
,
Mr. Roberto Garcia-Saltos
,
Tryggvi Gudmundsson
,
Ms. Anna Ilyina
,
Mr. Alvar Kangur
,
Tansaya Kunaratskul
,
Mr. Sergio L. Rodriguez
,
Michele Ruta
,
Tatjana Schulze
,
Gabriel Soderberg
, and
Mr. Juan P Trevino
After several decades of increasing global economic integration, the world is facing the risk of policy-driven geoeconomic fragmentation (GEF). This note explores the ramifications. It identifies multiple channels through which the benefits of globalization were earlier transmitted, and along which, conversely, the costs of GEF are likely to fall, including trade, migration, capital flows, technology diffusion and the provision of global public goods. It explores the consequences of GEF for the international monetary system and the global financial safety net. Finally, it suggests a pragmatic path forward for preserving the benefits of global integration and multilateralism
Keywords:
Geoeconomic fragmentation; globalization; global economic integration; geopolitical blocs; international monetary system; global financial safety net; multilateralism; costs of economic fragmentation; rules-based multilateral system.; IMF AREAER report; U.S. Dollar share; trade openness; trade agenda; share of Global Foreign Exchange; Capital flows; Trade barriers; Global
Cover Policy Papers
The Role of the Fund in Governance Issues - Review of the Guidance Note - Preliminary Considerations - Background Notes
International Monetary Fund
The Background Notes in this Supplement provide essential context and analysis needed to understand the problem of governance and corruption, its impact on the economies of Fund members, and the history and nature of Fund engagement on these issues. They also seek to support the assessment of the Fund’s overall approach to promoting good governance and reducing corruption—including through the lenses of key stakeholders—with a view to identifying strength and closing any remaining gaps.
Keywords:
PP; governance; country; corruption issue; fund; governance indicator; guidance note; treaty obligation; governance issue; Corruption; Anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT); Global financial crisis of 2008-2009; Global competitiveness; Global; Central Asia
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Belarus: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper reviews the external competitiveness of the Belarusian economy, particularly in 2000–01. The analysis starts with an overview of developments in Belarus’ external current account. The paper then examines various competitiveness indicators, most importantly changes in external and internal real exchange rates, as well as labor cost measures. It reviews trade data by sectors to explain recent export performance. The paper also provides an overview of current wage policy and its macroeconomic effects.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Belarus; wage; subsidy; government; policy challenge; gas arrears; common currency; B. wage Policy; cost recovery; Wage adjustments; Multiple currency practices; Exchange rates; Wages; Wage policy; Western Europe; Baltics; Europe