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Europe > Ukraine

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Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Jamaica: Request for an Arrangement Under the Precautionary Liquidity Line and Request for an Arrangement Under the Resilience and Sustainability Facility-Press Release; Staff Report; Staff Statement; and Statement by the Executive Director for Jamaica
International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
This paper highlights Jamaica’s Request for an Arrangement under the Precautionary Liquidity Line (PLL) and Request for an Arrangement under the Resilience and Sustainability Facility (RSF). Jamaica has been buffeted by a difficult global environment—from coronavirus disease, the war in Ukraine, and the ongoing tightening of global financial conditions. IMF assesses that Jamaica qualifies for the PLL, performing strongly in three out of five qualification areas and not substantially underperforming in other areas. The authorities plan to treat the PLL as precautionary. The arrangement would support efforts to strengthen physical and fiscal resilience to climate change, advance decarbonization of the economy, and manage the associated transition risks. The RSF is expected to catalyze funding for Jamaica’s climate priorities from other official lenders and the private sector. The RSF will support Jamaica’s ambitious agenda to accelerate the transition to renewable power generation, increase resilience to climate change, enhance the climate focus in fiscal policy frameworks, and strengthen management of climate risks by financial institutions.
Keywords:
staff appraisal; RSF policy reform measure; climate priority; transition risk; risk financing Policy; Climate change; Natural disasters; Anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT); Global; Caribbean
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Namibia: 2022 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Namibia
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Namibia has been severely hit by the COVID-19 pandemic but has started to gradually recover. After a sharp contraction in 2020, with worsening fiscal imbalances and socio-economic disparities, a modest recovery began in 2021 and strengthened in the first half of 2022. Mining activity rebounded while manufacturing and tertiary sector activities gradually started to recover. Inflationary pressures have increased, as higher international oil and food prices due to Russia’s war in Ukraine were passed-through. The political context remains stable, with elections scheduled in 2024.
Keywords:
targeted reform agenda; authorities project SACU revenue; transparency policy; tertiary sector; FAD TA; IMF team; Fiscal consolidation; Food prices; Global; Africa
Cover External Sector Report 2022
External Sector Report 2022
International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.

Abstract

Global current account balances—the overall size of current account deficits and surpluses—continued to widen in 2021 to 3.5 percent of world GDP, and are expected to widen again this year. The IMF’s multilateral approach suggests that global excess balances narrowed to 0.9 percent of world GDP in 2021 compared with 1.2 percent of world GDP in 2020. The pandemic has continued to affect economies’ current account balances unevenly through the travel and transportation sectors as well as a shift from services to goods consumption. Commodity prices recovered from the COVID-19 shock and started rising in 2021 with opposite effects on the external position of exporters and importers, a trend that the war in Ukraine is exacerbating in 2022. The medium-term outlook for global current account balances is a gradual narrowing as the impact of the pandemic fades away, commodity prices normalize, and fiscal consolidation in current account deficit economies progresses. However, this outlook is highly uncertain and subject to several risks. Policies to promote external rebalancing differ with positions and needs of individual economies.

Keywords:
current account response; IMF staff calculation; CA gap; CA surplus; saving-investment relationship; Current account; Carbon tax; Real effective exchange rates; Current account balance; Global; Europe; Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Qatar: 2022 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; and Staff Report
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Swift and decisive policy response to the Covid-19 pandemic has helped to mitigate the health and economic impact of the crisis. Fast vaccination rollout has also strengthened the economy’s resilience to new pandemic waves, paving the way for a speedy recovery. As the economy rebounds, a gradual exit from pandemic support measures is underway.
Keywords:
hydrocarbon price; CPI data; money market rate; financial asset; headline inflation; IMF's transparency policy; COVID-19; External sector statistics; Foreign assets; Global; Middle East; North Africa; East Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Ukraine: Technical Assistance Report-Distributed Profit Tax; Voluntary Disclosure of Assets; and BEPs Implementation
International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
This Technical Assistance report focuses on Ukraine’s distributed profit tax, voluntary disclosure of assets, and Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Work Program implementation. The recommendations largely favor simplifying rules, improving the definition of basic concepts, eliminating potential loopholes, and adhering more closely to international standards in some cases. Thus, for the sake of simplification, the report recommends that Controlled Foreign Corporation rules should apply to the ‘first onshore’ person rather than having to trace them back to the ultimate beneficial owner in Ukraine. Also, it recommends that the proposed interest deduction limitation should eliminate the carry-forward currently permitted, limit deductions to net interest expense and exempt the financial sector from this limitation. Some key definitions can be improved too. The report suggests that if there is an urgent need to promote private investments, the accelerated depreciation tool should be applied for plant and machinery and structures housing them for say another five years.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; passive income; parent company; tax amnesty; accelerated depreciation; capital gain; CFC income; tax authority; double taxation; transfer pricing; tax burden; CFC rule; income tax; tax treaty; tax code; Personal income; Double taxation; Controlled foreign corporation rules; Foreign assets; Tax law; Global; Africa