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Asia and Pacific > Thailand

You are looking at 1 - 10 of 17 items for :

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Cover IMF Working Papers
Structural Transformation — How Does Thailand Compare?
Mr. Vladimir Klyuev
Thailand stands out in international comparison as a country with a high dispersion of productivity across sectors. It has especially low labor productivity in agriculture—a sector that employs a much larger share of the population than is typical for a country at Thailand’s level of income. This suggests large potential productivity gains from labor reallocation across sectors, but that process—which made a significant contribution to Thailand’s growth in the past—appears to have stalled lately. This paper establishes these facts and applies a simple model to discuss possible explanations. The reasons include a gap between the skills possessed by rural workers and those required in the modern sectors; the government’s price support programs for several agricultural commodities, particularly rice; and the uniform minimum wage. At the same time, agriculture plays a useful social and economic role as the employer of last resort. The paper makes a number of policy recommendations aimed at facilitating structural transformation in the Thai economy.
Keywords:
WP; productivity difference; low-productivity agriculture; high-productivity sector; price support; productivity differential; productivity growth; structural transformation; industrialization; agricultural price support; standard of living; Thailand's productivity gap; low-productivity activity; productivity increase; higher-productivity sector; differentials in Thailand; Agricultural sector; Productivity; Employment; Labor productivity; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Second Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper
International Monetary Fund
This paper focuses on Second Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper for Lao People’s Democratic Republic. The economic sectors have undergone significant restructuring. This restructuring has been concentrated on production capacities, quality and efficiency, thus contributing to economic growth and meeting the initial requirements for international integration. The government has also concentrated on the development of agricultural production to reorient the agriculture sector from semisubsistence and subsistence to commercial production to ensure the enhanced supply of raw materials to the processing industries, meeting the growing domestic requirements for agricultural products, and rapidly expanding agricultural exports.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; financial market; investment funds; foreign direct investment; natural resources; economic development; private sector; state-owned enterprise; credit system; market economy; cement factory; monetary management; Agricultural sector; Global; Mekong; Asia and Pacific
Cover IMF Working Papers
What Do We Know About Tariff Incidence?
Mr. Stephen Tokarick
This paper examines the question: Who bears the larger portion of the excess burden of a tariff-the country that imposes it, or a country that it trades with? For a country that can influence its terms of trade, there are two ways of approaching this question. This paper shows that under certain assumptions, the extra burden from a marginal change in the homecountry tariff is shared equally between the home and foreign country at a tariff rate equal to twice the optimal tariff for the home country. Also, the cumulative welfare effect of a tariff in the home country, relative to free trade, turns out to be equalized across countries when the home tariff equals four times its optimal tariff. The paper provides an application of these results and points policymakers to the types of data that are relevant if they want to negotiate over "burden sharing."
Keywords:
WP; terms of trade
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Cambodia: Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Cambodia; U.S. dollar; bank; deposit; Cambodia fanners bank; gross investment; Cambodia Samart communication; Money bank; Agroindustries; Agricultural commodities; Agricultural sector; Bank deposits; Asia and Pacific; Europe; Australia and New Zealand; Middle East; Central America
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Thailand: Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
This report provides the IMF's projections and estimates on Thailand's expenditure on gross domestic product at current prices; balance of payments during 1995–2000; gross domestic product by industrial origin at current and constant prices during 1995–99; investment and savings at constant prices; gross domestic product at 1988 prices; selected energy prices; mining and agricultural productions during 1995–2001; central government fiscal accounts and revenue and grants; central government expenditure by economic classification,1995/96–1999/2000; summary of the central and local government tax system; financial and monetary surveys during 1996–2001, and so on.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; U.S. dollar; private sector; withholding tax; import duty; long-term debt; income tax; capital goods; gross income; consumer goods; Agricultural commodities; Transportation; Imports; Income; Oil; Mekong; Nonmonetary capital; International Monetary Fund Washington; d.c; publication policy; net medium; Commercial banks; Public sector
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Thailand: Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
This Statistical Appendix report on Thailand highlights the economic indicators for the period 1994–99. The report discusses gross domestic product; investment and savings; agricultural production; manufacturing production; construction and property market; population, labor force, and employment by major economic sectors; average earnings by manufacturing categories; consumer and wholesale prices; government fiscal and expenditure accounts; summary of local government operations; summary of tax system; assets and liabilities of commercial banks; stock market indicators; balance of payments; export performance; and so on.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; state enterprise; U.S. dollar; long-term debt; income tax; capital goods; consumer goods; Agricultural commodities; Income; Imports; Commercial banks; Transportation
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Thailand: Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; state enterprise; net; U.S. dollar; long-term debt; Nonmonetary capital; structural adjustment; capital goods; consumer goods; Agricultural commodities; Public enterprises; Exports; Income; Imports
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Cambodia: Recent Economic Developments
International Monetary Fund
Contents include--The real economy: background and recent developments; public finance; fiscal developments during 1994-95 and budgetary policy in 1996; Money and banking; structure of the banking system;monetary policy instruments; monetary developments; and issues in banking supervision; the external sector; recent developments; external financial assistance; external debt; trade regimel; customs operations; and exchange system;the changing role of the state; enterprise reform; privatization; and foreign direct investment; forestry sector and forestry policy;trends and developments; recent concession policy; and a sustainable new forestry policy; statistical tables.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; national bank; private sector; natural resource; banking system; broad money; capital expenditure; foreign direct investment; Agroindustries; Exports; Agricultural commodities; Foreign direct investment; Commercial banks; Mekong
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Thailand: Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; private sector; Thai baht; gross income; repurchase position; nonfinancial public enterprises; short-term debt; net purchase; long-term debt; net repurchase position; capital goods; net factor income; currency holding; gross revenue; Income; Agricultural commodities; Public enterprises; Public sector; Commercial banks
Cover IMF Working Papers
Real Exchange Rates and Commodity Prices
Dominique Yves Dupont
and
Mr. V. Hugo Juan-Ramon
This paper examines the relations between fluctuations in real exchange rates among the major currencies and fluctuations in real commodity prices. Increased exchange rate volatility calls for a better understanding of these relations. To the best of our knowledge, no systematic study of those effects has been performed on a wide range of commodities, although Sjaastad and Scacciavillani (1993) have done so for gold. We build on their approach and construct a supply and demand multi-country model, with world market clearing, which incorporates speculative and non-speculative demands for inventories and “static” and “rational” expectations. We estimate the model using several econometric methods on monthly data from January 1972 to January 1992 for 65 commodity prices. The paper finds that, for a small group of commodities, the dollar-denominated price is significantly influenced by the deutsche mark and the yen. The empirical results show that geographical proximity matters, and that supply and demand elasticities are important in determining the commodity price in world markets above and beyond the size of the share of those commodities in world trade.
Keywords:
WP; deutsche mark; excess demand; commodity price; soybean meal; market power; world demand; LTNCTAD commodity yearbook; long-terms elasticity; price expectation; commodity price in terms; commodity prices determination; dollar price of the commodity; price of the commodity; world price of a commodity; commodity world demand; Commodity prices; Agricultural commodities; Oil; Real exchange rates; Europe; dollar price