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Asia and Pacific > Thailand

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Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Thailand: Financial Sector Assessment Program-Detailed Assessment of Observance-Insurance Core Principles
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
This Detailed Assessment of Observance on Insurance Core Principles on Thailand discusses that the government of Thailand has made a concerted effort to develop the insurance sector. The government has implemented a series of insurance development plans toward this end. Some significant regulatory and supervisory challenges remain, however, if Thailand is to continue to meet the pressures of a changing market and to continue to build the trust on which future growth depends. Consideration should be given to vesting more supervisory authority for key supervisory decisions with the Commission rather than with the Minister and Cabinet. Vesting authority with the Commission will help to ensure that the insurance supervisor has adequate powers to meet the objectives of insurance supervision. With respect to winding up and exit from the market, the insurance legislation should be amended to clearly establish a point at which it is no longer permissible for a troubled insurer to continue in business.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; risk management; state enterprise; corporate governance; insurance coverage; steering committee; board of directors; interest rate; risk assessment; credit risk; senior management; limited company; risk capital; independent auditor; cash flow; preference shares; Insurance companies; Insurance; Internal controls; Capital adequacy requirements; Auditing; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
Loan Review, Provisioning, and Macroeconomic Linkages
International Monetary Fund
Loan review is a process routinely used by banks to assess the current value of loan portfolios. Provisioning is a technique to translate loan review results into the balance sheet. It allows for ongoing valuation of loans. Both are core elements of credit risk management and important to prudential oversight. As illustrated in this paper, valuation feeds into indicators of overall bank soundness and key macroprudential indicators. Country practices and recent moves to more forward-looking models are surveyed. Macroeconomic linkages are highlighted, including tax treatment of provisions, variables of the monetary survey, and procyclical aspects of loan valuation systems.
Keywords:
WP; loan valuation; loan review; restructured loan; bank supervisor; bank behavior; loan takedown; loan value; Nonperforming loans; cyclical bank behavior; capital ratios; loan quality; loan provisioning; Loans; Capital adequacy requirements; Loan classification; Credit; West Africa
Cover IMF Working Papers
East Asia in the Aftermath: Was there a Crunch?
Mr. Atish R. Ghosh
and
Swart R. Ghosh
This paper uses a disequilibrium framework to investigate a possible credit crunch in the East Asian crisis countries (Indonesia, Korea, and Thailand) during 1997-98. It defines a credit crunch as a situation in which interest rates do not equilibrate supply and demand for credit and the aggregate amount is supply constrained, i.e. there is quantity rationing. In all three countries, rising real interest rates and weakening economic activity lowered credit demand and (with the exception of Indonesia in late 1997) there is little evidence of quantity rationing at the aggregate level—although individual firms may have lost access to credit.
Keywords:
WP; credit crunch; East Asia Currency Crises; credit supply; credit demand; lending capacity; credit financing; credit condition; Credit; Real interest rates; Bank credit; Commercial banks; Capital adequacy requirements; East Asia
Cover IMF Staff Papers
IMF Staff papers: Volume 25 No. 3
International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
This paper examines the relationship between increases in the money supply and inflation in four developing countries. It is first shown that the growth in the money supply and inflation are linked in a two-way relationship in these countries, and then a dynamic model is designed that explicitly introduces the link in the form of reactions of the government fiscal deficit to inflation. The basic hypothesis is that an increase in the rate of inflation, whatever its cause, increases the real value of the fiscal deficit, because money expenditures keep pace with inflation while nominal revenues tend to lag. The model is estimated for the four countries, and the empirical results tend to validate the hypothesis. It is found that fiscal deficits play an important role in the inflation process, and that increases in these deficits are largely owing to the differences in the lags of government expenditures and revenues. Two basic policy conclusions emerge from this study: first, the tendency of government budgetary positions to be automatically destabilizing in developing economies underscores the need for an actively anti-inflation fiscal policy in these economies. Second, developing countries should attach priority to tax reforms designed to eliminate revenue lags.
Keywords:
SP; rate of inflation; money supply; price distortion; wage subsidy; inflation revenue curve; price level; inflationary finance; Inflation; Capital adequacy requirements; Personal income; Monetary base; Wages; Africa