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Western Hemisphere > St. Martin

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Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Kingdom of the Netherlands-Curaçao and Sint Maarten: 2022 Article IV Consultation Discussions-Press Release; and Staff Report
International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
The economies of Curaçao and Sint Maarten are recovering from the pandemic but facing multiple challenges, including spillovers from the war in Ukraine. Curaçao was in a protracted recession even before the pandemic due to spillovers from the Venezuelan crisis. Sint Maarten needs to fully recover not only from the pandemic, but also from the devastating 2017 hurricanes.
Keywords:
Sint Maarten monetary union; Curaçao team; Sint Maarten team; Sint Maarten well; en Sint Maarten; COVID-19; Public investment spending; Caribbean; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Kingdom of the Netherlands-Curaçao and Sint Maarten: Technical Assistance Report-Implementation of Risk-Based Supervision
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
The CBvCSM is the sole supervisory authority for all regulated financial institutions operating locally and in the offshore (or international) sector, as well as the stock exchange in Curacao and St Maarten. The financial sector comprises different types of institutions, which include banks and non-bank institutions, insurance companies (both Life, and Non-life), securities intermediaries, asset management firms, investments institutions, fund administrators, management of pension funds, reinsurers, and trust companies.
Keywords:
supervision department; expert supervision; risk profile; supervision Department; account supervision; Corporate governance; Risk-based supervision; Liquidity; Wages; Pension spending; Caribbean
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Kingdom of the Netherlands—Sint Maarten: Technical Assistance Report—Sustainable Tax Reforms
International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Sint Maarten’s economy has been hit hard over the last 4 years. In 2017, two major hurricanes struck the island causing significant damage. While reconstruction was largely financed by insurance proceeds and grants from The Netherlands, economic recovery from the hurricane damage was slow and in early 2020 the coronavirus pandemic shut down most of Sint Maarten’s tourism sector. As a result, fiscal revenue declined by 15 percent since 2016; payroll tax revenue declined by only 4.5 percent, whereas the turnover tax revenue declined by 23 percent. Since April 2020, The Netherlands has provided immediate financial support to cushion the economic shock of the pandemic. In December 2020, Sint Maarten concluded an agreement with The Netherlands to receive more substantial financial support for recovery and ensuring long-term fiscal sustainability. In return, the authorities committed to make structural changes to their tax system, making it more growth-friendly and equitable, while optimizing and ensuring its revenue mobilization capacity.
Keywords:
capacity development mission; authorities of Sint Maarten; Sint Maarten's authorities; bank transaction; E. profit Tax; personal property; Income; Income and capital gains taxes; Personal income tax; Property tax; Income tax systems; Caribbean; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Kingdom of the Netherlands—Curaçao and Sint Maarten: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
Selected Issues
Keywords:
Kingdom of the netherlands Curaçao; Sint maarten monetary union; Dollarized economy; monetary union of Curaçao; financial system oversight; Dollarization; Monetary unions; Currencies; Exchange rate arrangements; Lender of last resort; Caribbean; Europe
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Kingdom of the Netherlands—Curaçao and Sint Maarten: 2021 Article IV Consultation Discussions; Press Release and Staff Report
International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
The COVID-19 pandemic inflicted another major shock on the economies of Curaçao and Sint Maarten, which followed category 5 hurricanes in Sint Maarten in 2017 and the spillovers of the Venezuelan crisis on Curaçao. Despite the substantial response measures financed by The Netherlands, the economic contraction in 2020 was severe.
Keywords:
article IV consultation discussion; government operation; Curaçao customs; current price; Policy recommendation; Fiscal stance; COVID-19; Caribbean
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Kingdom of the Netherlands-Curacao and Sint Maarten: 2019 Article IV Consultation-Press Release and Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for the Kingdom of the Netherlands-Curacao and Sint Maarten
International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
This 2019 Article IV Consultation focuses on Curaçao and Sint Maarten’s near and medium-term challenges and policy priorities and was prepared before coronavirus disease 2019 became a global pandemic and resulted in unprecedented strains in global trade, commodity and financial markets. The fiscal position in Curaçao improved in the past two years, in part due to implemented fiscal measures. Both Curaçao and Sint Maarten would benefit from introducing a Fiscal Responsibility Framework. It could incorporate a central government debt ratio as a long-term anchor and operational rules calibrated to meet it. The report suggests that risks in the financial sector need to be addressed as a matter of priority. The authorities should develop a strategy for addressing financial sector vulnerabilities with the objective of preserving financial stability while minimizing fiscal costs. Significant strengthening of supervision and a complete overhaul of the bank resolution framework are also urgently needed. An across-the board improvement in the governance framework should be a key priority in both countries. Vulnerabilities in the financial system point to the need to strengthen governance in the financial sector.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Sint Maarten authorities; IMF staff estimate; en Sint Maarten; Curaçao payroll process; article IV consultation discussion; economy of Sint Maarten; Sint Maarten authority; trust fund; labor market; recovery in Sint Maarten; financial system; current account; CAD in Curaçao; consultation discussion; liability positions vis-à-vis nonresident; capital expenditure; union GDP; Fiscal stance; Tourism; Caribbean; Global; Extra-budgetary funds
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Kingdom of the Netherlands—Curaçao and Sint Maarten: 2018 Article IV Consultation-Press Release and Staff Report
International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
Weak growth and underlying structural vulnerabilities persist in both Curaçao and Sint Maarten. Worsened macroeconomic conditions—reflecting the spillovers from one of Curaçao’s largest trading partners and the devastation from Hurricanes Irma and Maria in Sint Maarten—make the need for policy adjustment and structural reforms aimed at ensuring fiscal sustainability, enhancing competitiveness, strengthening investor confidence, and developing capacity more urgent.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; discussion; real GDP; government; IMF staff estimate; liability positions vis-à-vis nonresident; growth in Curaçao; positions of Curaçao; finance of Curaçao; Budget planning and preparation; Fiscal space; Caribbean; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
Uphill Capital Flows and the International Monetary System
Mr. Balazs Csonto and Mr. Camilo E Tovar Mora
Uphill capital flows constitute a key transmission channel through which reserve accumulation can distort the stability of the international monetary system. This paper examines and quantifies the importance of this transmission channel by examining how foreign official purchases of U.S. Treasuries influences the U.S. yield curve at different maturities. Our findings suggest that a percentage point increase in foreign official holdings relative to outstanding marketable securities reduces the term premium by 2.0–2.4 basis points at maturities of 2–3 years. These estimates are then used to gauge the role of a global policy in reducing excess reserve accumulation?e.g., a composite global reserve asset or through global liquidity facilities. Findings show that a policy that reduces the demand for Treasuries by $100 billion would increase yields by 1.5–1.8 basis points.
Keywords:
WP; Treasuries; term premium; premium; Uphill capital flows; yield curve; U.S. Treasuries; reserve accumulation; foreign holdings; Treasury securities; yield dynamics; foreign exchange; Capital flows; Securities; Reserves accumulation; International reserves; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Kingdom of the Netherlands—Curaçao and Sint Maarten: 2016 Article IV Consultation Discussions-Press Release; Staff Report; and Informational Annex
International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
This 2016 Article IV Consultation highlights that the fiscal situation in Curaçao and Sint Maarten remains relatively stable, following the debt relief in 2010, but progress on necessary fiscal and structural reforms has been slow. Curaçao experienced modest growth in 2015 of 0.1 percent, reflecting a turnaround from the contraction of 1.1 percent in 2014. The economy of Sint Maarten expanded by 0.5 percent in 2015, a slowdown compared with the 1.5 percent recorded in 2014. Real GDP growth in 2016 is expected to reach 0.5 percent in Curaçao and 0.7 percent in Sint Maarten. Over the medium term, growth is expected to pick up moderately to 0.9 percent and 1.3 percent for Curaçao and Sint Maarten, respectively.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; growth prospects; article IV consultation discussion; CPI data; labor market; IMF staff estimate; liability positions vis-à-vis nonresident; exchange regime; Fiscal stance; Caribbean