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Social Science > Poverty and Homelessness

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Cover IMF Working Papers
Pandemic, Poverty, and Inequality: Evidence from India
Surjit Bhalla
,
Karan Bhasin
, and
Mr. Arvind Virmani
The paper presents estimates of poverty [extreme poverty PPP$1.9 and PPP$3.2] and consumption inequality in India for each of the years 2004-5 through the pandemic year 2020-21. These estimates include, for the first time, the effect of in-kind food subsides on poverty and inequality. Extreme poverty was as low as 0.8 percent in the pre-pandemic year 2019, and food transfers were instrumental in ensuring that it remained at that low level in pandemic year 2020. Post-food subsidy inequality at .294 is now very close to its lowest level 0.284 observed in 1993/94.
Keywords:
Poverty Measurement; Pandemic; food transfer; consumption inequality; consumption expenditure; poverty PPP; estimates of poverty; Consumption; Income inequality; Agricultural commodities; Household consumption; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
Syria’s Conflict Economy
Jeanne Gobat
and
Ms. Kristina Kostial
Five years into the ongoing and tragic conflict, the paper analyzes how Syria’s economy and its people have been affected and outlines the challenges in rebuilding the economy. With extreme limitations on information, the findings of the paper are subject to an extraordinary degree of uncertainty. The key messages are: (1) that the devastating civil war has set the country back decades in terms of economic, social and human development. Syria’s GDP today is less than half of what it was before the war started and it could take two decades or more for Syria to return to its pre-conflict GDP levels; and that (2) while reconstructing damaged physical infrastructure will be a monumental task, rebuilding Syria’s human and social capital will be an even greater and lasting challenge.
Keywords:
WP; exchange rate; financial system; U.S. dollar; foreign currency; central bank; Syrian pound; Macroeconomics; Economic Development; Syria; government debt market; government control; Syria's government institution; government obligation; Infrastructure; Agricultural commodities; Oil; Asia and Pacific; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Côte d'Ivoire : Document de stratégie pour la réduction de la pauvreté et note consultative conjointe des services du FMI et de la Banque mondiale: Côte d'Ivoire : Document de stratégie pour la réduction de la pauvreté et note consultative conjointe des services du FMI et de la Banque mondiale
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Depuis plusieurs années, le FMI publie un nombre croissant de rapports et autres documents couvrant l'évolution et les tendances économiques et financières dans les pays membres. Chaque rapport, rédigé par une équipe des services du FMI à la suite d'entretiens avec des représentants des autorités, est publié avec l'accord du pays concerné.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; government; governance; NDP state; customs administration reform; country
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Côte d’Ivoire: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper—Joint Staff Advisory Note
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
The NDP aims at transforming Côte d’Ivoire into an emerging market and halving the poverty rate. The framework for poverty reduction can be improved by developing a program of targeted interventions to support growth in key strategic sectors, public investment management, maintaining fiscal and debt sustainability and implementation of energy sector reforms. The fiscal strategy focuses on scaling up public investment and sustainability. The public sector investment program and the macroeconomic projections of the PND are a good strategy. Risks to successful implementation are exogenous shocks, resistance to structural reforms, and sociopolitical instability in the country.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; government; governance; NDP state; customs administration reform; country; government's commitment; authorities' ambition; NDP program; NDP growth target; government's capacity; government's strategy; Poverty reduction strategy; Agricultural sector; Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP); Public investment spending; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Mauritania: Joint Staff Advisory Note of the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper
International Monetary Fund
Mauritania’s third poverty reduction strategy paper provides a framework for an ambitious growth and poverty reduction agenda. The updated development perspective and principal objectives reflect the new economic and political realities to sustainably reduce poverty. Successful program implementation hinges on the government’s ownership and commitment. It will only succeed if the institutional framework remains stable, and the civil society is engaged on a permanent basis. Ensuring a broad social consensus for the strategy will make it easier to mobilize donor resources, thus easing financing constraints.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; PRSP-3; government; private sector; updated development perspective; poverty reduction agenda; growth projection; adoption of a strategy; candid acknowledgment; authorities' effort; government's adoption; Poverty reduction; Poverty reduction strategy; Agricultural sector; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
République démocratique du Congo: Rapport de mise en œuvre de la stratégie de croissance et de réduction de la pauvreté — Note consultative conjointe
International Monetary Fund
Depuis plusieurs années, le FMI publie un nombre croissant de rapports et autres documents couvrant l'évolution et les tendances économiques et financières dans les pays membres. Chaque rapport, rédigé par une équipe des services du FMI à la suite d'entretiens avec des représentants des autorités, est publié avec l'accord du pays concerné.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; government; DRC government; Congo; government strategy; government intervention
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Democratic Republic of the Congo: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper-Progress Report-Joint Staff Advisory Note
International Monetary Fund
Congo’s first full Poverty Reduction and Growth Strategy underpinned the economic policy during a particularly challenging transitional period. The difficulty is in implementing the program in a rapidly evolving institutional environment. Developments during recent years demonstrate Congo’s capacity for growth and poverty alleviation if the right incentives are provided. Developments during the last year also indicate the government’s commitment to address the key issues, even in the face of significant political challenges. The government’s response to short-term concerns builds on a compelling vision of long-term development.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; government; DRC government; Congo; government strategy; government intervention; government priority; government review; Poverty reduction; Agricultural sector; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Burundi: Cadre stratégique de croissance et de lutte contre la pauvreté —Second rapport de mise en œuvre
International Monetary Fund
Depuis plusieurs années, le FMI publie un nombre croissant de rapports et autres documents couvrant l'évolution et les tendances économiques et financières dans les pays membres. Chaque rapport, rédigé par une équipe des services du FMI à la suite d'entretiens avec des représentants des autorités, est publié avec l'accord du pays concerné.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; private sector; U.S. dollar; civil society; exchange rate; financial support; nominal GDP
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Burundi: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper: Second Implementation Report
International Monetary Fund
The implementation of the Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy Framework (GPRSF) first describes the characteristics of poverty in Burundi before proceeding to review progress made in terms of each strategic axis. The analysis of macroeconomic performance, including the real sector, inflation, budgetary framework, the real sector [sic], and currency completes this report. In this context of extreme poverty and given the link between population numbers and poverty reduction, it is crucial that issues related to demographic pressure be clearly taken into account in all development programs.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; private sector; U.S. dollar; civil society; exchange rate; financial support; nominal GDP; real GDP; land tenure; palm oil; human resources; natural resource; Agricultural commodities; Global; East Africa; Southern Africa; Central Africa; Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Tajikistan: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper
International Monetary Fund
The Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) of the Republic of Tajikistan for 2010–12 aims to serve as a medium-term program for the implementation of the National Development Strategy up to 2015. It will determine the major socioeconomic development of the country during this period, taking into account the impact of the global economic and financial crisis. The PRS, taking into account available resources and additional needs, indicates concrete actions for implementing institutional and economic reforms.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; State budget; absolute poverty; local government; poverty rate; private sector; management system; financial support; natural resources; economic growth; entrepreneurial activity; labour market; foreign aid; Agricultural sector; Global; Central Asia