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Social Science > Poverty and Homelessness

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Cover IMF Working Papers
Trade Liberalization in Peru: Adjustment Costs Amidst High Labor Mobility
Elin Baldárrago
and
Mr. Gonzalo Salinas
While trade integration has been an engine of global growth and prosperity, as suggested by theory, some sectors have been negatively affected by increased import competition. We test if this negative effect is significant in a context of high intranational migration, as theory indicates that labor mobility could reduce it. We focus on the 2004-14 period of trade liberalization in Peru (a major beneficiary of trade integration), which allows for methodological improvements relative to similar studies. We find that districts competing with liberalized imports experienced significantly lower growth in consumption per capita despite some emigration in response to increased import competition. This underscores the need to support the “losers of trade liberalization” even amidst high labor mobility.
Keywords:
WP; tariff; liberalization; import; District tariff reduction; Trade Liberalization; Poverty; Peru; tariff reduction; import tariff; district tariff indicator; District level tariff; District tariff; MFN tariff; tariff barrier; poverty gap; imports-competition channel; barriers coverage; tariff line; tariff measure; Tariffs; Imports; Labor mobility; Global; South America
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Comoros: Recent Economic Developments
International Monetary Fund
This recent economic developments report (RED) provides background information on economic developments in the Comoros during 1997–2000. Revenue and domestic expenditure developments resulted in small overall domestic deficits over much of the period, equivalent of 0.4 percent of GDP in 1998 and declining to 0.2 percent of GDP in both 1999 and 2000. With no source of financing, domestic or external, the Anjouan authorities accumulated substantial wage arrears, estimated at about 15 months at end-2000, as well as suppliers arrears.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Anjouan; government; Mohéli; tariff regime; rate; debt service; exchange rate; economic growth; estimates value; Anjouan authority; central bank; U.S. dollar; poverty line; trading partner; primary sector; debt-service arrears; Arrears; Imports; Exports; Africa; Southern Africa; East Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Angola: Recent Economic Developments
International Monetary Fund
This paper provides an analysis of important factors that have affected the Angolan economy in recent years. The paper summarizes political developments since 1992 and provides an overview of developments in each major sector of the economy. The paper surveys the trade regime and reform priorities affecting it, summarizes available information on poverty, and describes issues affecting development of the diamond sector, formerly a mainstay of the Angolan economy. The paper also provides a technical analysis of the authorities’ current monetary rule, and a summary of the tax system.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; exchange rate; banking system; central bank; foreign exchange; consumer goods; reform agenda; poverty line; nominal rate; fiscal consolidation effort; diamond enterprise; enterprise sector; long-term debt; government savings; exchange regime; Oil; Tariffs; Imports; Exports; Sub-Saharan Africa; Southern Africa; Africa; reform strategy; IMF UR; monetary policy in Angola; government of Angola; petroleum products