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Social Science > Emigration and Immigration

You are looking at 1 - 4 of 4 items for :

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Cover IMF Working Papers
Immigration and Employment: Substitute Versus Complementary Labor in Selected African Countries
Arina Viseth
This paper uses census and household survey data on Cameroon, Ghana, and South Africa to examine immigration’s impact in the context of a segmented labor market in Sub-Saharan Africa. We find that immigration affects (i) employment (ii) employment allocation between informal and formal sectors, and (iii) the type of employment within each sector. The direction of the impact depends on the degree of complementarity between immigrants and native workers’ skills. Immigration is found to be productivity-enhancing in the short to near term in countries where, the degree of complementarity between immigrants and native workers’ skill sets is the highest.
Keywords:
WP; immigration share; wage employment; native worker; immigration's impact; impact immigration; Immigration; Formal and Informal Sector; Employment; Occupational Choice; Complementary Versus Substitute Skills; Cameroon; Ghana; South Africa; employment rate; supply shock; Migration; Labor markets; Informal employment; Self-employment; Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; origin country
Cover IMF Working Papers
Storm Clouds Ahead? Migration and Labor Force Participation Rates in Europe
Benjamin Hilgenstock
and
Zsoka Koczan
The paper examines the potential effects of international migration on labor force participation in advanced economies in Europe. It documents that migration played a significant role in alleviating aging pressures on labor supply by affecting the age composition of receiving countries’ populations. However, micro-level analysis also points to differences in average educational levels, as well as differences in the effects of any given level of education on participation across migrants and natives. Difficulties related to the recognition of educational qualifications appear to be associated with smaller effects of education on the odds of participation for migrants, especially women.
Keywords:
WP; migrant; Labor force participation; aging; migration; migration scenario; participation decision; integration policy; policy stance; age effect; net migration; way migrant; age composition effect; Europe
Cover IMF Working Papers
Regional Labor Market Adjustments in the United States
Mai Dao
,
Davide Furceri
, and
Mr. Prakash Loungani
We examine patterns of regional adjustments to shocks in the US during the past four decades. We find that the response of interstate migration to relative labor market conditions has decreased, while the role of the unemployment rate as absorber of regional shocks has increased. However, the response of net migration to regional shocks is stronger during aggregate downturns and increased particularly during the Great Recession. We offer a potential explanation for the cyclical pattern of migration response based on the variation in consumption risk sharing.
Keywords:
WP; demand shock; labor market; participation rate; Interstate migration; labor mobility; regional labor markets; migration rate; migration response; employment growth; labor demand shock; migration data; migration sensitivity; Migration; Labor demand; Employment; Labor markets; Labor force; Europe
Cover IMF Working Papers
Regional Labor Market Adjustments in the United States and Europe
Mai Dao
,
Davide Furceri
, and
Mr. Prakash Loungani
We examine patterns of regional adjustments to shocks in the US during the past 40 years. Using state-level data, we estimate the dynamic response of regional employment, unemployment, participation rates and net migration to state-relative labor demand shocks. We find that (i) the long-run effect of a state-specific shock on the state employment level has decreased over time, suggesting less overall net migration in response to a regional shock, (ii) the role of the participation rate as absorber of regional shocks has increased, (iii) the response of net migration to regional shocks is stronger, while that of relative unemployment is weaker during aggregate downturns, and (iv) the change in the response intensity of migration is related to the declining trend in regional dispersion of labor market conditions. Finally, using regional data for a set of 21 European countries, we show that while the short-term response of participation rates to labor demand shocks is typically larger in Europe than in the US, the immediate response of net migration in Europe has increased over time.
Keywords:
WP; internal migration; migration response; employment growth; labor force; Interstate migration; labor mobility; regional labor markets; labor demand shock; migration rate; migration data; ACS migration; Labor demand; Migration; Labor markets; Employment; Unemployment rate; Europe