Social Science > Emigration and Immigration
Abstract
Selon l'édition 2016 des Perspectives de l'économie mondiale, la croissance mondiale devrait ralentir à 3,1 % en 2016 avant de remonter à 3,4 % en 2017. Ces prévisions, revues à la baisse de 0,1 point de pourcentage pour 2016 et 2017 par rapport à l'édition d'avril, reflètent des perspectives plus moroses pour les pays avancés à la suite du vote, en juin dernier, en faveur de la sortie du Royaume-Uni de l'Union européenne (Brexit), et en raison d'une croissance inférieure aux attentes aux États-Unis. Cette évolution exerce une pression à la baisse sur les taux d'intérêts mondiaux car la politique monétaire devrait rester accommodante sur une plus longue durée. En dépit d'une réaction des marchés plutôt rassurante à l'annonce du Brexit, l'impact final est très imprévisible car la forme que prendront les dispositions institutionnelles et commerciales entre le Royaume-Uni et l'Union européenne est incertaine. L'attitude des marchés financiers par rapport aux pays émergents s'est améliorée grâce aux baisses de taux d'intérêt attendues dans les pays avancés, à la diminution des inquiétudes suscitées par les perspectives à court terme de la Chine, qui a désormais pris des mesures favorables à la croissance, ainsi qu'à une certaine stabilisation des prix des produits de base. Mais les perspectives varient considérablement entre les pays et les régions : les pays émergents d'Asie, en particulier l'Inde, présentent une croissance robuste, tandis que les pays d'Afrique subsaharienne connaissent un net ralentissement. Dans les pays avancés, la morosité des perspectives, soumises à une incertitude considérable et à des risques à la baisse, pourrait alimenter encore la grogne politique et faire gagner du terrain aux mouvements anti-intégrationnistes. Plusieurs pays émergents ou en développement doivent encore relever des défis immenses pour s'ajuster à la baisse des prix des produits de base. Au vu de ces perspectives préoccupantes, il est plus urgent que jamais d'adopter largement des politiques publiques propices à la croissance et de gérer les vulnérabilités.
Abstract
According to the October 2016 "World Economic Outlook," global growth is projected to slow to 3.1 percent in 2016 before recovering to 3.4 percent in 2017. The forecast, revised down by 0.1 percentage point for 2016 and 2017 relative to April’s report, reflects a more subdued outlook for advanced economies following the June U.K. vote in favor of leaving the European Union (Brexit) and weaker-than-expected growth in the United States. These developments have put further downward pressure on global interest rates, as monetary policy is now expected to remain accommodative for longer. Although the market reaction to the Brexit shock was reassuringly orderly, the ultimate impact remains very unclear, as the fate of institutional and trade arrangements between the United Kingdom and the European Union is uncertain. Financial market sentiment toward emerging market economies has improved with expectations of lower interest rates in advanced economies, reduced concern about China’s near-term prospects following policy support to growth, and some firming of commodity prices. But prospects differ sharply across countries and regions, with emerging Asia in general and India in particular showing robust growth and sub-Saharan Africa experiencing a sharp slowdown. In advanced economies, a subdued outlook subject to sizable uncertainty and downside risks may fuel further political discontent, with anti-integration policy platforms gaining more traction. Several emerging market and developing economies still face daunting policy challenges in adjusting to weaker commodity prices. These worrisome prospects make the need for a broad-based policy response to raise growth and manage vulnerabilities more urgent than ever.
Abstract
According to the October 2016 "World Economic Outlook," global growth is projected to slow to 3.1 percent in 2016 before recovering to 3.4 percent in 2017. The forecast, revised down by 0.1 percentage point for 2016 and 2017 relative to April’s report, reflects a more subdued outlook for advanced economies following the June U.K. vote in favor of leaving the European Union (Brexit) and weaker-than-expected growth in the United States. These developments have put further downward pressure on global interest rates, as monetary policy is now expected to remain accommodative for longer. Although the market reaction to the Brexit shock was reassuringly orderly, the ultimate impact remains very unclear, as the fate of institutional and trade arrangements between the United Kingdom and the European Union is uncertain. Financial market sentiment toward emerging market economies has improved with expectations of lower interest rates in advanced economies, reduced concern about China’s near-term prospects following policy support to growth, and some firming of commodity prices. But prospects differ sharply across countries and regions, with emerging Asia in general and India in particular showing robust growth and sub-Saharan Africa experiencing a sharp slowdown. In advanced economies, a subdued outlook subject to sizable uncertainty and downside risks may fuel further political discontent, with anti-integration policy platforms gaining more traction. Several emerging market and developing economies still face daunting policy challenges in adjusting to weaker commodity prices. These worrisome prospects make the need for a broad-based policy response to raise growth and manage vulnerabilities more urgent than ever.
Abstract
According to the October 2016 "World Economic Outlook," global growth is projected to slow to 3.1 percent in 2016 before recovering to 3.4 percent in 2017. The forecast, revised down by 0.1 percentage point for 2016 and 2017 relative to April’s report, reflects a more subdued outlook for advanced economies following the June U.K. vote in favor of leaving the European Union (Brexit) and weaker-than-expected growth in the United States. These developments have put further downward pressure on global interest rates, as monetary policy is now expected to remain accommodative for longer. Although the market reaction to the Brexit shock was reassuringly orderly, the ultimate impact remains very unclear, as the fate of institutional and trade arrangements between the United Kingdom and the European Union is uncertain. Financial market sentiment toward emerging market economies has improved with expectations of lower interest rates in advanced economies, reduced concern about China’s near-term prospects following policy support to growth, and some firming of commodity prices. But prospects differ sharply across countries and regions, with emerging Asia in general and India in particular showing robust growth and sub-Saharan Africa experiencing a sharp slowdown. In advanced economies, a subdued outlook subject to sizable uncertainty and downside risks may fuel further political discontent, with anti-integration policy platforms gaining more traction. Several emerging market and developing economies still face daunting policy challenges in adjusting to weaker commodity prices. These worrisome prospects make the need for a broad-based policy response to raise growth and manage vulnerabilities more urgent than ever.
Abstract
En la edición de octubre de 2016 de Perspectivas de la economía mundial (informe WEO) se proyecta que el crecimiento mundial disminuirá a 3,1% en 2016 y que repuntará a 3,4% en 2017. El pronóstico, que representa una revisión a la baja de 0,1 puntos porcentuales para 2016 y 2017 frente a las estimaciones de abril, refleja una moderación de las perspectivas de las economías avanzadas tras la votación de junio en la que el Reino Unido decidió abandonar la Unión Europea —un hecho al que comúnmente se hace referencia con el término “brexit”— y un crecimiento más débil de lo previsto en Estados Unidos. Estos factores han agudizado la presión a la baja sobre las tasas de interés mundiales, y en este momento se prevé que la política monetaria mantenga una orientación acomodaticia durante más tiempo. Aunque tranquiliza observar que la reacción de los mercados ante el shock del brexit fue ordenada, el impacto que en última instancia este tendrá no está nada claro, ya que el destino de los acuerdos institucionales y comerciales entre el Reino Unido y la Unión Europea es incierto. El sentimiento de los mercados financieros con respecto a las economías de mercados emergentes ha mejorado debido a las expectativas de una disminución de las tasas de interés en las economías avanzadas; la inquietud en torno a las perspectivas de China a corto plazo se ha aliviado, gracias a la adopción de políticas que están apuntalando el crecimiento; y los precios de las materias primas en cierta medida se han afianzado. Ahora bien, las perspectivas difieren drásticamente según el país y la región: las economías emergentes de Asia en general, e India en particular, registran un crecimiento vigoroso, en tanto que África subsahariana está sufriendo una fuerte desaceleración. En las economías avanzadas, el hecho de que las perspectivas sean de por sí moderadas y estén rodeadas de una considerable incertidumbre y de riesgos a la baja puede hacer que recrudezca el descontento político y que las plataformas de políticas contrarias a la integración logren afianzarse en mayor medida. Obligadas a adaptarse a la caída de precios de las materias primas, varias economías emergentes y en desarrollo siguen enfrentadas a enormes retos en términos de política económica. Estas preocupantes perspectivas hacen que sea más urgente que nunca aplicar una política de respuesta amplia que logre estimular el crecimiento y manejar las vulnerabilidades.
Abstract
According to the October 2016 "World Economic Outlook," global growth is projected to slow to 3.1 percent in 2016 before recovering to 3.4 percent in 2017. The forecast, revised down by 0.1 percentage point for 2016 and 2017 relative to April’s report, reflects a more subdued outlook for advanced economies following the June U.K. vote in favor of leaving the European Union (Brexit) and weaker-than-expected growth in the United States. These developments have put further downward pressure on global interest rates, as monetary policy is now expected to remain accommodative for longer. Although the market reaction to the Brexit shock was reassuringly orderly, the ultimate impact remains very unclear, as the fate of institutional and trade arrangements between the United Kingdom and the European Union is uncertain. Financial market sentiment toward emerging market economies has improved with expectations of lower interest rates in advanced economies, reduced concern about China’s near-term prospects following policy support to growth, and some firming of commodity prices. But prospects differ sharply across countries and regions, with emerging Asia in general and India in particular showing robust growth and sub-Saharan Africa experiencing a sharp slowdown. In advanced economies, a subdued outlook subject to sizable uncertainty and downside risks may fuel further political discontent, with anti-integration policy platforms gaining more traction. Several emerging market and developing economies still face daunting policy challenges in adjusting to weaker commodity prices. These worrisome prospects make the need for a broad-based policy response to raise growth and manage vulnerabilities more urgent than ever.