Narrow Your Choices

Refine By Countries

Refine By Series

Refine By Language

Refine By Date

—

Refine By IMF Taxonomy

Refine By JEL Taxonomy

Refine by LOC Taxonomy

Refine By THEMA Taxonomy

  • Print
  • Save

Social Science > Demography

You are looking at 1 - 6 of 6 items for :

  • Type: Journal Issue x
  • Tax Evasion and Avoidance x
Clear All Modify Search
Cover IMF Working Papers
Drivers and Effects of Residence and Citizenship by Investment
Sofronis Clerides
,
Maria Delgado Coelho
,
Alexander D Klemm
, and
Christos Kotsogiannis
This paper discusses under what circumstances residence and citizenship by investment (RBI or CBI) schemes could be used by individuals engaging in tax avoidance or evasion. It describes the market for CBI and RBI and how features of the offered programs might reveal the underlying motivations of governments offering them. The paper then presents empirical evidence on the conditions under which such schemes are offered. Finally, the paper estimates the impact of such schemes on investment, house prices, and public revenues.
Keywords:
Residence by Investment; Citizenship by Investment; Tax Evasion.; house price growth; CRBI scheme; investment requirement; CRBI program; CRBI data; CBI program; Housing prices; Personal income tax; Tax evasion; Inflation; Global; Caribbean
Cover Technical Notes and Manuals
IMF Engagement on Pension Issues in Surveillance and Program Work
International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
and
International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is increasingly involved in offering policy advice on public pension issues to member countries. Public pension spending is important from both fiscal and welfare perspectives. Pension policy and its reforms can have significant fiscal and distribution implications, can influence labor supply and labor demand decisions, and may impact consumption and savings behavior. This technical note provides guidance on assessing public pension systems’ macrocriticality, i.e., sustainability, adequacy, and efficiency; it also discusses the issues and policy trade-offs to be considered when designing responses aiming to address these dimensions of the pension system. The paper emphasizes the importance of taking a long-term, comprehensive perspective when evaluating public pension spending and providing policy advice. Where feasible, reforms should be gradual and transparent to allow individuals ample time to adjust their work and savings decisions and to facilitate consumption smoothing over their lifecycle to avoid poverty in old age. It is also important to ensure that pension systems’ design and reforms do not lead to undesirable impacts in other policy areas including general tax compliance, health insurance coverage, labor force participation among older workers, or labor market informality. The paper emphasizes the importance country-specific social and economic objectives and constraints, as well as political economy realities – factors that can determine whether a pension reform is a success or failure.
Keywords:
Fiscal Policy; Social Protection; Pensions; Fiscal Sustainability; Defined Benefit; Defined Contribution; pension policy; policy engagement; Policy advice; General consideration; pension provision; C. IMF-supported program; Pension spending; Pension reform; Aging; Europe; Africa; Global; Southeast Asia; Eastern Europe
Cover Technical Notes and Manuals
Compliance Risk Management: Developing Compliance Improvement Plans
Mr. John D Brondolo
,
Annette Chooi
,
Trevor Schloss
, and
Anthony Siouclis
All tax administrations seek to maximize the overall level of compliance with tax laws. Compliance improvement plans (CIPs) are a valuable tool for increasing taxpayers’ compliance and boosting tax revenue. This note is intended to help tax administrations develop a CIP, by providing guidance on the following issues: (1) how to identify and rate compliance risks; (2) how to treat risks to achieve the best possible outcome; and (3) how to measure the impacts that treatments have had on compliance outcomes.
Keywords:
Taxes; tax compliance; revenue; revenue administration; risk management; risk rating; risk treatment template; compliance risk-management framework; medium-sized business; value-added tax obligation; FAD Technical Notes; Tax administration core functions; Compliance risk management; Compliance improvement plans; Interest rate parity; Tax return filing compliance; Africa; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Greece: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
This Selected Issues paper analyzes insolvency and enforcement issues in Greece. The Greek insolvency and creditor rights framework has improved since the onset of the crisis as a result of successive reforms. Nonetheless, it remains underutilized, fragmented, and distortive, and is not supported by an adequate institutional setting. This is because many of the reforms undertaken in recent years were not part of a coordinated and comprehensive nonperforming loan resolution strategy, but were instead piecemeal and taken without proper stakeholder consultation and impact analysis. Also, the frequent and uncoordinated reforms have undermined legal predictability and certainty. This situation of distress, if left unaddressed, affects enterprises, households and financial and public creditors by preventing investment, credit, and consumption from recovering.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; pension; debt; tax; tax debt; NICs; pension benefit; business insolvency regime; pension provision; SSC debt; targeted pension; Pension spending; Pensions; Tax arrears management; Solvency; Tax administration core functions; Europe; Southern Europe; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
Financial Sustainability and Reform Options for the Albanian Pension Fund
Mr. Volker Treichel
This paper studies the financial sustainability of the Albanian pension fund and assesses possible options for its reform. The paper concludes that the pension fund is not sustainable in its current form and proposes for the urban scheme a combination of parametric changes to the existing pay-as-you-go system that would be conducive to broadening the contribution base and strengthening the financial performance of the pension fund. In addition, it proposes the establishment of a voluntary funded pillar in the urban scheme. For the rural scheme, the paper concludes that it should either be merged with the scheme for the urban self-employed or be replaced by a mandatory and funded second pillar. The paper also proposes administrative reforms to strengthen revenue collections.
Keywords:
WP; contribution rate; work force; coverage rate; contribution ceiling; minimum wage; Parametric reforms of pension funds; multi-pillar reforms; transition economies; base earnings; taxable wage range; wage ceiling; reference wage; ensured wage; Pension spending; Pensions; Retirement; Wages; Aging; Eastern Europe; Western Europe
Cover Finance & Development
Finance & Development, March 1976
International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
This paper highlights that agreement on an important package of reforms of vital significance to the future of the international monetary system was reached at a meeting of the Interim Committee of the Board of Governors of the IMF on the International Monetary System in Kingston, Jamaica, on January 7–8, 1976. The reforms include a substantial quota increase for almost all members, as well as an increase in access to the IMF’s resources for all member countries in the period prior to implementation of the increase in their IMF quotas, and some other amendments.
Keywords:
FD; F&D; country; land pollution; world conference; tax haven; dollar; developed country; tax haven country; State budget; Tax avoidance; Housing; International reserves; Global; Middle East; Africa; Asia and Pacific; North America; Europe