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Europe > Slovenia, Republic of

You are looking at 1 - 10 of 19 items for :

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Cover IMF Working Papers
Determinants and Effects of Countries’ External Capital Structure: A Firm-Level Analysis
Uroš Herman
and
Tobias Krahnke
In this paper, we investigate whether a firm’s composition of foreign liabilities matters for their resilience during economic turmoil and examine which characteristics determine a firm’s foreign capital structure. Using firm-level data, we corroborate previous findings from the (international) macroeconomic literature that the composition of foreign liabilities matters for a country’s susceptibility to external shocks. We find that firms with a positive equity share in their foreign liabilities were less affected by the global financial crisis and also less likely to default in the aftermath of the crisis. In addition, we show that larger, more open, and more productive firms tend to have a higher equity share in total foreign liabilities.
Keywords:
External Liabilities; Foreign Direct Investment; Firm-level data; Financial Crisis; equity share; firm's composition; firm-level data; sales growth; standard deviation; Foreign liabilities; Foreign corporations; Global financial crisis of 2008-2009; Foreign direct investment; Corporate sector; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
Usability of Bank Capital Buffers: The Role of Market Expectations
José Abad
Following the COVID shock, supervisors encouraged banks to use capital buffers to support the recovery. However, banks have been reluctant to do so. Provided the market expects a bank to rebuild its buffers, any draw-down will open up a capital shortfall that will weigh on its share price. Therefore, a bank will only decide to use its buffers if the value creation from a larger loan book offsets the costs associated with a capital shortfall. Using market expectations, we calibrate a framework for assessing the usability of buffers. Our results suggest that the cases in which the use of buffers make economic sense are rare in practice.
Keywords:
Capital Buffers; Basel III; Capital Regulation; Financial Institutions; Macropru; valuation model; buffer Usability; market expectation; bank Capital Structure; capital shortfall; Countercyclical capital buffers; Correspondent banking; Loans; Market capitalization; COVID-19; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Slovenia: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
This paper focuses on the following key issues of the Slovenian economy: export competitiveness, corporate financial health and investment, European Central Bank (ECB) quantitative easing, and financial sector development issues and prospects. Slovenia’s exports have been the main contributor to GDP growth in recent years. In particular, by 2015 exports of goods and services had increased by 20 percentage points of GDP compared to their postcrisis low in 2009. Preceding the global economic slump in 2008, bank credit in Slovenia fueled corporate investment. The past few years have witnessed substantial monetary easing by the ECB. With inflation running well below target, the ECB has been pursuing unconventional monetary policy-easing actions.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Slovenia; export; quantitative easing; GDP; investment relationship; assets threshold; ECB quantitative easing; QE trend; exports of transport equipment; QE period; investment decision; transport equipment export; Exports; Financial sector development; Unconventional monetary policies; Debt burden; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Bulgaria: Selected Issues Paper
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
This Selected Issues paper examines inflation dynamics in Bulgaria from January 2012 to February 2015 and highlights some stylized facts about inflation in the country. January 2012 to February 2015 is the most relevant period for identifying factors contributing to recent deflation in Bulgaria, as well as their relative importance. Regression analysis suggests that during this period the inward spillover of low inflationary pressure from the European Union to Bulgaria has been the most significant factor, which was further exacerbated by consecutive electricity price cuts in 2013 and fast-falling global commodity prices, especially since late 2014.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; firm; price; headline inflation; core inflation; micro data; investment-to-capital ratio; firms' assets; inflation outlook; capital structures; cost structure; inflation inertia; data from the Orbis database; Inflation; Debt burden; Price controls; Financial statements; Deflation; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Slovenia: Staff Report for the 2013 Article IV Consultation
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
This Information Annex highlights that Slovenia maintains an exchange system that is free of restrictions on the making of payments and transfers for current international transactions, with the exception of exchange restrictions maintained for security reasons. Slovenian fiscal statistics are timely and high quality. The Ministry of Finance publishes a comprehensive monthly Bulletin of Government Finance, which presents monthly data on the operations of the state budget, local governments, social security, and the consolidated general government. The coverage of general government excludes the operations of extrabudgetary funds and general government agencies’ own revenues. However, these operations are small.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; debt; authority; debt ratio; bond yield; Slovenian authority; debt shock; bank support outlay; assumed debt; bank depositor; debt path; labor market; Asset quality review; Government finance statistics; State-owned banks; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Slovenia: 2012 Article IV Consultation—Staff Report; Informational Annex; Public Information Notice on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive Director for the Republic of Slovenia.
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Slovenia, among other euro area countries, experienced the largest economic contraction since 2008. The performance of Slovenian banks deteriorated markedly in recent years as a result of the unfavorable operating environment and weak governance. Despite some deleveraging, banks continued to depend heavily on wholesale funding from abroad. Slovenia’s rebalancing required relying on supply-side policies, in particular, the labor market. With the banking system under pressure and the corporate sector highly leveraged, the Executive Board recommended strengthening the regulatory and supervisory frameworks.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; government; GDP; bank; Slovenia; debt; retail price index; government finance statistic yearbook; Slovenian authorities; headline deficit target; cash position; convertible bond; government deposit; credit portfolio; Bank resolution; Government finance statistics; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Slovenia: 2011 Article IV Consultation-Staff Report; Public Information Notice on the Executive Board Discussion; Staff Statement; and Statement by the Executive Director for Slovenia
International Monetary Fund
The global crisis exacerbated the Slovenian economy’s previous imbalances in the fiscal, financial, and real sectors. The authorities agreed that fiscal consolidation including pension, health care, and financial management is essential for sustainable recovery. The Bank of Slovenia emphasizes that banks’ governance and capitalization should be enhanced, regardless of ownership. The authorities suggested that structural reforms in labor and product markets are critical to boost potential growth. The authorities agreed that maintaining competitiveness is crucial for Slovenia as it has a small and export-dependent economy.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; government; deficit; recapitalization; state bank recapitalization; recapitalization of NLB; staff scenario; issued share; staff encouragement; Wages; Employment; Pension reform; Global
Cover Policy Papers
Borrowing Agreement with the Bank of Slovenia
International Monetary Fund
In light of the multilateral effort to ensure the adequacy of the financial resources available to the International Monetary Fund (the “Fund”), and with a view to supporting the Fund’s ability to provide timely and effective balance of payments assistance to its members, the Bank of Slovenia agrees to lend to the Fund an SDR-denominated amount up to the equivalent of EUR 280 million, on the terms and conditions set out in this paper.
Keywords:
PP; fund; agreement; amount; SDR; fund member; indebtedness to the Bank of Slovenia; fund's indebtedness; Interest payments; Freely usable currencies; Exchange rate arrangements
Cover IMF Working Papers
Sustainable Real Exchange Rates in the New Eu Member States: What Did the Great Recession Change?
Ms. Katerina Smídková
,
Jan Babecky
, and
Mr. Ales Bulir
The Great Recession affected export and import patterns in our sample countries, and these changes, coupled with a more volatile external environment, have profound impact on our estimates of real exchange rate misalignments and projections of sustainable real exchange rates. We find that real misalignments in several countries with pegged exchange rates and excessive external liabilities widened relative to earlier estimates. While countries with balanced net trade positions are expected to continue to experience appreciation during 2010-2014, several currencies are likely to require real depreciation to maintain sustainable net external debt. Our estimates point to somewhat larger disequilibria than those of IMF country teams, however, any estimates of equilibrium exchange rates are subject to sizable uncertainty.
Keywords:
WP; country-specific FDI elasticity; FDI inflow; Foreign direct investment; new EU member states; sustainable exchange rates; debt target; SRER estimate; IMF team; FDI elasticity; SRER projection; computed SRER interval; elasticity of export; nontradable-sector FDI; Real exchange rates; Trade balance; Exports; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Slovenia: 2009 Article IV Consultation: Staff Report; Staff Statement; Public Information Notice on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive Director for Slovenia
International Monetary Fund
This 2009 Article IV Consultation highlights that inflation and the current account deficit in Slovenia are expected to moderate. The main downward risks to growth are lower-than-projected growth in Europe, and a credit crunch in the event that foreign financing of domestic banks dries up. In the medium term, the main challenge is that the economy needs to emerge from the global crisis on a sustainable growth path. Executive Directors have commended the authorities for their swift and decisive policy responses to slower growth and financial sector strains.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; deficit; staff appraisal; debt; Slovenia; policy action; development policy priority; business confidence indicators; IMF staff representative; Government finance statistics; Balance of payments statistics; Credit; Global; Europe