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Middle East and Central Asia > Saudi Arabia

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Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Saudi Arabia: Financial Sector Assessment Program-Financial System Stability Assessment
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
This paper highlights Saudi Arabia’s Financial System Stability Assessment as part of Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP). The FSAP took place against the backdrop of a robust economy driven by an ambitious state-led transformation agenda to accelerate Saudi Arabia’s economic diversification (Vision 2030). The Kingdom’s sovereign wealth fund plays a key role in implementing and funding the economic transformation. At present, financial sector risks from the rapid economic transformation appear contained. Banks are well-capitalized, profitable and appear resilient to severe macroeconomic shocks. Banks’ capacity to manage liquidity stress scenarios is generally good, although funding concentration is sizable. The authorities have made commendable efforts to mitigate risks from the rapidly growing credit and real estate market, but significant data gaps create challenges for systemic risk monitoring. The time is right to strengthen systemic risk monitoring and the legal, institutional, and operational frameworks in support of financial stability going forward.
Keywords:
B. bank stress tests; liquidity stress scenario; liquidation framework; coverage ratio; mission chief World Bank; World Bank FSAP team member; Financial sector stability; Anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT); Macroprudential policy; Commercial banks; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Saudi Arabia: Financial Sector Assessment Program-Detailed Assessment of Observance-Basel Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
This paper discusses Detailed Assessment of Observance of the Basel Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision for the Saudi Arabia Financial Sector Assessment Program. Saudi Central Bank (SAMA) has progressively updated its regulations and continued focus on this process will be important. SAMA’s responsibility for banking supervision is clearly set out in the law, although without clearly establishing the promotion of safety and soundness of banks and the banking system as an explicit or primary mandate. There is room to strengthen SAMA’s operational independence, accountability framework, transparency, and legal protection. Strengthening powers and updating regulations, along with developing internal guidelines, will help strengthen processes for licensing, transfer of significant ownership and controlling interest, and major acquisitions by banks. SAMA’s well-established risk-based approach would benefit from a review of the scope of application of supervisory oversight, tools, and reporting. Prudential requirements mostly apply (appropriately) at both a solo and consolidated level, but monitoring is in practice only at the domestic level.
Keywords:
IMF-World Bank Financial Sector Assessment Program; adequacy ASSESSMENT process; banking supervision department; banking control law; counter financing; Bank supervision; Credit risk; Anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT); Market risk; Operational risk; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Pakistan: First Review Under the Extended Arrangement Under the Extended Fund Facility and Request for Modification of Performance Criteria-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Pakistan
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
This paper discusses Pakistan’s First Review Under the Extended Arrangement Under the Extended Fund Facility and Request for Modification of Performance Criteria. Pakistan’s program is on track and has started to bear fruit. However, risks remain elevated. Strong ownership and steadfast reform implementation are critical to entrench macroeconomic stability and support robust and balanced growth. The authorities are committed to sustaining the progress on fiscal adjustment to place debt on a downward path. The planned reforms include strengthening tax revenue mobilization, including the elimination of tax exemptions and loopholes, and prudent expenditure policies. Preparations for a comprehensive tax policy reform should start early to ensure timely implementation. The authorities have adopted a comprehensive plan to address the accumulation of arrears in the power sector. Its full implementation is key to improve collection, reduce losses, and enhance governance. Timely and regular adjustment of energy tariffs will bring the sector in line with cost recovery.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; exchange rate; government; reform implementation; implementation; SDR; private sector investment; government effort; reform of the state-owned enterprise sector; Pakistani authorities; economic reform reform program; Budget planning and preparation; Tariffs; Global; Asia and Pacific
Cover IMF Working Papers
Integrated Ownership and Control in the GCC Corporate Sector
Mr. Andre O Santos
The objective of the paper is to assess ownership and control links in the GCC corporate sector. The analysis focuses on the integrated ownership and network arising from ownership data available in Bloomberg and GCC stock exchanges. The paper finds that ownership is concentrated in GCC public sector institutions, holding companies, financial institutions, and family groups. The paper then considers the effect of different definitions of control on the distribution of consolidated debt. Debt concentration is maximized when the wedge between ownership and control is the largest. This is the case when the largest shareholder has at least 5 percent of total shares as defined in Zingales (1994).
Keywords:
WP; GCC country; shareholder debt; GCC countries; network analysis; integreated ownership; concentration; ownership network; GCC shareholder; shareholder portfolios consist; Stock markets; Public sector; Corporate sector; Illicit financial flows; Corporate governance; Africa
Cover International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2012: Working Together To Support Global Recovery
International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2012: Working Together To Support Global Recovery
International Monetary Fund

Abstract

The IMF's 2012 Annual Report chronicles the response of the Fund's Executive Board and staff to the global financial crisis and other events during financial year 2012, which covers the period from May 1, 2011, through April 30, 2012. The print version of the Report is available in eight languages (Arabic, Chinese, English, French, German, Japanese, Russian, and Spanish), along with a CD-ROM (available in English only) that includes the Report text and ancillary materials, including the Fund's Financial Statements for FY2012.

Keywords:
AR; AREA; financing; country; economy; market; crisis
Cover Informe Anual 2012
Informe Anual 2012
Trabajando juntos para apoyar la recuperación mundial
International Monetary Fund

Abstract

El Informe Anual 2012 del FMI describe la respuesta del Directorio Ejecutivo y el personal técnico de la institución a la crisis financiera mundial y a otros eventos ocurridos durante el ejercicio 2012, que abarca el período comprendido entre el 1 de mayo de 2011 y el 30 de abril de 2012. La versión impresa de este informe se publica en ocho idiomas (alemán, árabe, chino, español, francés, inglés, japonés y ruso). Se complementa con un CD-ROM (disponible solo en inglés) e incluye el texto del informe y material suplementario, incluidos los estados financieros del FMI correspondientes al ejercicio 2012.

Keywords:
AR; AREA; financing; country; economy; market; crisis
Cover International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2012
International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2012
Working Together To Support Global Recovery
International Monetary Fund

Abstract

The IMF's 2012 Annual Report chronicles the response of the Fund's Executive Board and staff to the global financial crisis and other events during financial year 2012, which covers the period from May 1, 2011, through April 30, 2012. The print version of the Report is available in eight languages (Arabic, Chinese, English, French, German, Japanese, Russian, and Spanish), along with a CD-ROM (available in English only) that includes the Report text and ancillary materials, including the Fund's Financial Statements for FY2012.

Keywords:
AR; AREA; financing; country; economy; market; crisis
Cover International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2012
International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2012
Working Together To Support Global Recovery
International Monetary Fund

Abstract

The IMF's 2012 Annual Report chronicles the response of the Fund's Executive Board and staff to the global financial crisis and other events during financial year 2012, which covers the period from May 1, 2011, through April 30, 2012. The print version of the Report is available in eight languages (Arabic, Chinese, English, French, German, Japanese, Russian, and Spanish), along with a CD-ROM (available in English only) that includes the Report text and ancillary materials, including the Fund's Financial Statements for FY2012.

Keywords:
AR; AREA; financial statement; special drawing rights; framework Administered; Total PRG Trust; SDR Department
Cover Jahresbericht 2012
Jahresbericht 2012
Gemeinsam Die Globale Erholung Unterstützen
International Monetary Fund

Abstract

The IMF's 2012 Annual Report chronicles the response of the Fund's Executive Board and staff to the global financial crisis and other events during financial year 2012, which covers the period from May 1, 2011, through April 30, 2012. The print version of the Report is available in eight languages (Arabic, Chinese, English, French, German, Japanese, Russian, and Spanish), along with a CD-ROM (available in English only) that includes the Report text and ancillary materials, including the Fund's Financial Statements for FY2012.

Keywords:
AR; AREA; financial statement; special drawing rights; framework Administered; Total PRG Trust; SDR Department
Cover International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2012
International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2012
Working Together To Support Global Recovery
International Monetary Fund

Abstract

The IMF's 2012 Annual Report chronicles the response of the Fund's Executive Board and staff to the global financial crisis and other events during financial year 2012, which covers the period from May 1, 2011, through April 30, 2012. The print version of the Report is available in eight languages (Arabic, Chinese, English, French, German, Japanese, Russian, and Spanish), along with a CD-ROM (available in English only) that includes the Report text and ancillary materials, including the Fund's Financial Statements for FY2012.

Keywords:
AR; AREA; financing; country; economy; market; crisis; financial market volatility; crisis response mechanism; surveillance activity; IMF staff; fund outreach; market stress; markets volatile; Balance of payments need; Anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT); Budget planning and preparation; Financial sector; Global; Middle East; Asia and Pacific; Africa; Europe