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Africa > Madagascar, Republic of

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Cover IMF Working Papers
Evaluating Alternative Approaches to Poverty Alleviation: Rice Tariffs Versus Targeted Transfers in Madagascar
Paul A. Dorosh
,
Mr. David Coady
, and
Bart Minten
This paper uses a partial equilibrium framework to evaluate the relative efficiency, distributional and revenue implications of rice tariffs and targeted transfers in Madagascar, especially in the context of identifying their respective roles for poverty alleviation. Although there are likely to be substantial efficiency gains from tariff reductions, these accrue mainly to higher income households. In addition, poor net rice sellers will lose from lower tariffs. Developing a system of well designed and implemented targeted direct transfers to poor households is thus likely to be a substantially more costeffective approach to poverty alleviation. Such an approach should be financed by switching revenue raising from rice tariffs to more efficient tax instruments. These policy conclusions are likely to be robust to the incorporation of general equilibrium considerations.
Keywords:
WP; transfer program; demand and supply
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Madagascar: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper and Statistical Appendix analyzes the relationship among prices, income, and money in Madagascar over the period 1982–2004. It finds that a stable long-run relationship for the price level exists, but that the adjustment toward this long-term equilibrium is quite slow. The paper presents an assessment of the real effective exchange rate. It also presents some qualitative competitiveness indicators and examines the performance of exports in Madagascar at an aggregate and product level.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; exchange rate; inflation expectation; chapter III; exchange rate regime; export base; inflation inertia; competitiveness indicator; Real effective exchange rates; Exchange rate arrangements; Exports; Terms of trade; Inflation; Europe
Cover IMF Working Papers
The Africa Growth and Opportunity Act and its Rules of Origin: Generosity Undermined?
Mr. Arvind Subramanian
,
Aaditya Mattoo
, and
Mr. Devesh Roy
This paper describes the United States recently enacted Africa Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) and assesses its quantitative impact on African exports. The AGOA expands the scope of preferential access of Africa's exports to the United States in key areas such as clothing. However, its medium term benefits estimated at about US$100-$140 million, an 8 11 percent addition to current non-oil exports would have been nearly five times greater (US$540 million) if no restrictive conditions had been imposed on the terms of market access. The most important of these conditions are the rules of origin with which African exporters of clothing must comply to benefit from duty-free access.
Keywords:
WP; clothing; AGOA; export; fabric; trade; preference; market access; Africa; supply curve; apparel export; wearing apparel; export quota; apparel product; apparel sector; apparel article; Valuation; origin and classification; Exports; Tariffs; Agricultural commodities; Imports; Sub-Saharan Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Madagascar: Statistical Annex
International Monetary Fund
In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; factor cost; net; debt relief; net earnings balance; central bank of Madagascar; current account; capital expenditure; private sector; broad money; cash basis; balance of payments; consumer price index; Agricultural commodities; Public sector; Exports; Africa
Cover IMF Staff Papers
IMF Staff papers: Volume 16 No. 2
International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
This paper shows how to utilize the data on trade structure to achieve the best possible estimates of the effects of price changes, given any reasonable array of elasticity estimates. The credibility of estimates of price effects depends on thorough and systematic use of these data, as well as on the statistical credentials of the elasticities assumed. The observations show that the impact of a given price change on a country's exports will be greater, the more that country's exports are concentrated in markets in which substitution elasticities are high, and vice versa, but for most countries strong correlations of this kind are not probable. The general conclusion to be drawn from the paper would seem to be that the information implicit in the base-period matrix is not enough to yield results in which a high degree of confidence can be placed. It remains essential to employ substitution elasticities that are supported by the historical record. Nevertheless, the role of trade structure is vitally important.
Keywords:
SP; investment; price change; income velocity; CFA country; credit model; balance of payments position; dinero más cuasi-dinero; Personal income; Exports; Imports; Agricultural commodities; Capital spending; Global; West Africa; Africa; South America