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Africa > Madagascar, Republic of

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Cover IMF Working Papers
Madagascar: A Competitiveness and Exchange Rate Assessment
Luc Eyraud
The purpose of this paper is to assess Madagascar's competitiveness in recent years, using both price and nonprice indicators and an exchange rate assessment of the currency. We estimate the distance between the equilibrium and the actual real exchange rates using three methods: the macroeconomic balance approach, the external sustainability approach, and the reduced-form equilibrium real exchange rate approach. These methods suggest that in the medium term the real exchange rate is only slightly overvalued. We also carry out a comparative analysis of nonprice indicators and find that Madagascar performs less favorably than its competitors on structural competitiveness.
Keywords:
WP; exchange rate; Madagascar; current account; price
Cover IMF Working Papers
How does a domestic tax reform affect protection against imports? The case of the Republic of Madagascar
Mr. Jean-Jacques Hallaert
In 2008, Madagascar reformed its domestic tax system. Because the excise duties and VAT regimes were reformed, the taxation of imports has changed. This paper quantifies how the reform changes the protection against imports and the fiscal revenues from taxation of imports. It shows that, even if the reform has only a limited impact on the average rate of protection, it substantially alters the structure of protection across goods. Moreover, because the reform further increases the already high rate of taxation of imports, it will also boost revenue from taxes on imports and reduce the fiscal losses from the SADC FTA.
Keywords:
WP; import; tariff; rate; taxation of imports
Cover IMF Working Papers
Evaluating Alternative Approaches to Poverty Alleviation: Rice Tariffs Versus Targeted Transfers in Madagascar
Paul A. Dorosh
,
Mr. David Coady
, and
Bart Minten
This paper uses a partial equilibrium framework to evaluate the relative efficiency, distributional and revenue implications of rice tariffs and targeted transfers in Madagascar, especially in the context of identifying their respective roles for poverty alleviation. Although there are likely to be substantial efficiency gains from tariff reductions, these accrue mainly to higher income households. In addition, poor net rice sellers will lose from lower tariffs. Developing a system of well designed and implemented targeted direct transfers to poor households is thus likely to be a substantially more costeffective approach to poverty alleviation. Such an approach should be financed by switching revenue raising from rice tariffs to more efficient tax instruments. These policy conclusions are likely to be robust to the incorporation of general equilibrium considerations.
Keywords:
WP; transfer program; demand and supply
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Madagascar: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper on the Republic of Madagascar reports on the several key themes associated with longer-term development issues in Madagascar. As one of the poorest countries in sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar suffers from low levels of social indicators across all fronts including education, health, water and sanitation, and infrastructure. To make progress toward the Millennium Development Goals, the country will need to scale up substantially both public and private investment while taking actions to increase absorptive and institutional capacity and implementing supportive policies in each of the priority sectors.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Madagascar; trade; tariff; core inflation measure; Madagascar imports; core rate; inflation trend; SADC imports; Inflation; Imports; Tariffs; Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
Can Regional Integration Accelerate Development in Africa? CGE Model Simulations of the Impact of the SADC FTA on the Republic of Madagascar
Mr. Jean-Jacques Hallaert
Madagascar plans to start phasing out its customs tariffs on imports from the Southern African Development Community in 2007. This paper uses a CGE model to evaluate the impact of the SADC FTA on Madagascar economy. The results suggest that the SADC FTA would only have a limited impact on Madagascar's real GDP because the liberalization affects only a small share of its total imports. However, Madagascar's trade and production pattern would change and benefit the textile and clothing sector. Removing rigidities in the labor and capital market would increase the gains but they would remain limited. Gains from the SADC FTA become substantial only when the regional liberalization is accompanied by a multilateral liberalization.
Keywords:
WP; Madagascar; trade diversion; SADC FTA; liberalization
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Madagascar: First Review Under the Three-Year Arrangement Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility and Request for Waiver and Modification of Performance Criteria
International Monetary Fund
The staff report for the First Review Under the Three-Year Arrangement for the Republic of Madagascar reviews economic and financial policies. The 2007 economic program is designed to sustain growth, promote fiscal consolidation, and reduce poverty while keeping inflation to single digits and reducing the economy’s vulnerability to shocks. Central bank interventions will be limited to smoothing large variations in the exchange rate and meeting the program’s foreign reserve target. Planned spending reductions should offset any shortfall in revenues, which would allow the domestic financing target to be met.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; revenue target; authority; tax arrears; revenue shortfall; PRGF loan; staff appraisal; inflation objective; Budget planning and preparation; Tariffs; Africa; Southern Africa; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Madagascar: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper and Statistical Appendix analyzes the relationship among prices, income, and money in Madagascar over the period 1982–2004. It finds that a stable long-run relationship for the price level exists, but that the adjustment toward this long-term equilibrium is quite slow. The paper presents an assessment of the real effective exchange rate. It also presents some qualitative competitiveness indicators and examines the performance of exports in Madagascar at an aggregate and product level.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; exchange rate; inflation expectation; chapter III; exchange rate regime; export base; inflation inertia; competitiveness indicator; Real effective exchange rates; Exchange rate arrangements; Exports; Terms of trade; Inflation; Europe
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Madagascar: Staff Report for the 2005 Article IV Consultation
International Monetary Fund
This 2005 Article IV Consultation highlights that macroeconomic developments in Madagascar in 2003 and 2004 were dominated by the sharp depreciation of the national currency, and rising inflation pressures, with year-over-year consumer price inflation reaching 30 percent at end-February 2005. At the same time, the current account deficit widened considerably in 2004. In the medium term, real GDP growth is expected to average 6 percent per year, and fiscal consolidation is projected to continue, driven by an improvement of revenue performance and modest expenditure increases.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; authority; policy; plan; program ownership; Malagasy authorities; revenue performance; authorities consent; policy slippage; revenue-to-GDP ratio; donor assistance; revenue-enhancing policy; Credit; Exports; Southern Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Madagascar: Fourth Review Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility and Requests for Extension of the Arrangement and Additional Interim Assistance Under the Enhanced Initiative for Heavily Indebted Poor Countries
International Monetary Fund
Madagascar showed strong economic growth and low inflation under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) Arrangement. Executive Directors commended these developments, and stressed the need to restore fiscal discipline, improve governance, strengthen the business climate to encourage private investment, and accelerate structural reforms. They welcomed the plan to privatize and rehabilitate the telecom, cotton, sugar, and utility companies, and agreed that Madagascar has successfully completed the fourth review under the PRGF program, and approved waiver, additional interim assistance, and an extension of the arrangement.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; SDR; PRGF arrangement; staffs assessment; tariff relief law; cyclone Gafilo; vanilla export; PRGF loan; Poverty reduction strategy; Exports; Tariffs; Southern Africa; East Africa; Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Madagascar: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper analyzes recent economic developments and policies in Madagascar. Real GDP growth in 2001 was 6 percent, continuing the trend of sustained increase in per capita real GDP that began during the period 1997–2000. The secondary and tertiary sectors were the main sources of growth. The value added of the secondary sector, which accounts for only 13.3 percent of output, increased by 7.6 percent in 2001, following an annual average increase of 5 percent in 1997–2000.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; government; firm; Madagascar; tertiary sector; country; EPZ firm; primary sector; Malagasy authorities; state petroleum company; telecommunication company; market share; EPZ regime; factor cost; Exports; Export performance; Real exchange rates; Foreign direct investment; Real effective exchange rates; Southern Africa; East Africa