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Africa > Madagascar, Republic of

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Cover Selected Issues Papers
Informality and Growth in Madagascar: Republic of Madagascar
Ghislain Afavi
,
Coffi Agossou
,
Mokhtar Benlamine
,
Ialy Rasoamanana
,
Nombàna Razafinisoa
, and
Ms. Veronique Salins
This chapter investigates the link between informality and growth in Madagascar and aims for a better understanding of the informal sector. It provides an analysis of the characteristics of informal production units and informal employment. Findings suggest that informality is a key feature of economic activity in Madagascar, and that informal production units are the main driver of employment with a deep concentration around self-employment. Overall, informality is associated with a lack of awareness of administrative procedures and the complexity and cost of tax and regulatory measures. The informal sector’s Total Factor Productivity (TFP) growth is more stable and higher on average than the formal sector TFP.
Keywords:
Madagascar; Informal sector; informality and growth; total factor productivity; social security; tax system; sector TFP; growth in Madagascar; production unit; copyright page; physical capital; Informal employment; Employment; Informal economy; Sub-Saharan Africa
Cover IMF Working Papers
How do Climate Shocks Affect the Impact of FDI, ODA and Remittances on Economic Growth?
Alassane Drabo
The three main financial inflows to developing countries have largely increased during the last two decades, despite the large debate in the literature regarding their effects on economic growth which is not yet clear-cut. An emerging literature investigates the dependence of their effects on some country characteristics such as human and physical capital constraint, macroeconomic policy and institutional capacity. This paper extends the literature by arguing that climate shocks may undermine the effect of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), official development assistance (ODA) and migrants’ remittances on economic expansion. Based on neoclassical growth framework, the theoretical model indicates that FDI, ODA, and remittances improve economic growth, and the size of the effect increases with good absorptive capacity. However, climate shocks reduce this positive effect of financial flows in developing countries. Using a sample of low and middle-income countries from 1995 to 2018, the empirical investigation confirms the theoretical conclusions. Developing countries should build strong resilience to climate change. Actions are also needed at global level to reduce greenhouse gases emissions, and build strong structural resilience to climate shocks especially in developing countries.
Keywords:
inflows-economic growth nexus; effect of ODA; income group; role of Climate; effect of foreign direct investment; Climate change; Absorptive capacity; Foreign direct investment; Human capital; Middle East; East Asia; Asia and Pacific; North Africa; South Asia; Global
Cover Policy Papers
FY2020 - Output Cost Estimates and Budget Outturn
International Monetary Fund. Office of Budget and Planning
The paper presents highlights from the FY 2020 budget, followed by a discussion of outputs based on the Fund Thematic Categories and of inputs.
Keywords:
PP; expenditures FY; dollar spending; spending execution; unspent FY 18; digitalization strategy; management fee; Medium-term budget; Budget planning and preparation; Capital spending; Financial Sector Assessment Program; COVID-19; Middle East and Central Asia; Global; Asia and Pacific; Western Hemisphere
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
République de Madagascar: Document de stratégie pour la réduction de la pauvreté : rapport d’étape annuel pour 2007 et le premier semestre 2008
International Monetary Fund
Depuis plusieurs années, le FMI publie un nombre croissant de rapports et autres documents couvrant l'évolution et les tendances économiques et financières dans les pays membres. Chaque rapport, rédigé par une équipe des services du FMI à la suite d'entretiens avec des représentants des autorités, est publié avec l'accord du pays concerné.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; private sector; financial support; economic growth; budget deficit
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Madagascar: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper: Annual Progress Report for 2007 and First Semester of 2008
International Monetary Fund
The report examines the annual report of Madagascar’s Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper. Madagascar’s economic situation has been characterized by steady growth estimated at 5.0 percent on average against an average annual demographic growth rate of 2.8 percent. However, the living standard of the population as captured by the indicators related to the big objectives of the Madagascar Action Plan has not kept up with this pace. The organic law on public finances and the new code of public procurements have become more effective.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; private sector; financial support; economic growth; budget deficit; completion rate; Budget planning and preparation; Global; Africa; East Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Madagascar: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper
International Monetary Fund
The Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs) on the Republic of Madagascar explain the Madagascar Action Plan (MAP) to accelerate and better coordinate the development process. The National Leadership Institute of Madagascar (NLIM) was created in 2006 to provide cutting-edge training to build leadership capacity at all levels of government and for all sectors of society. The Economic Development Board of Madagascar (EDBM) is charged with ensuring that the business climate of Madagascar is attractive for companies and conducive for the success of private enterprises.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; private sector; value chain; economic growth; natural resources; public service; civil society; education system; primary education; vocational training; green revolution; Global; Sub-Saharan Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
République de Madagascar: Document de stratégie pour la réduction de la pauvreté
International Monetary Fund
Depuis plusieurs années, le FMI publie un nombre croissant de rapports et autres documents couvrant l'évolution et les tendances économiques et financières dans les pays membres. Chaque rapport, rédigé par une équipe des services du FMI à la suite d'entretiens avec des représentants des autorités, est publié avec l'accord du pays concerné.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; private sector; value chain; economic growth
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Madagascar: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper Annual Progress Report
International Monetary Fund
Developing and boosting the private sector, in the area of industry, trade, and private sector, actions for securing investment, promoting investment, developing partnerships in Madagascar produced positive results. The investment rate is 12.37 percent out of an objective of 14 percent. The achievements in the rehabilitation of rural roads have improved compared with those of 2004, but the objectives for the year have not been achieved (65 percent). In posts and telecommunication, for the postal service, the number of savings “Tsinjolavitra” recorded a net improvement compared with those of the previous year.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; private sector; information system; job creation; public finance; reform program; tertiary sector; land tenure; management system; E-governance development Unit; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Madagascar: Ex Post Assessment of Longer-Term Program Engagement
International Monetary Fund
This paper discusses key findings of the Ex Post Assessment of Longer-Term Program Engagement for Madagascar. The paper focuses on performance during the programs supported by the 1989 and 1996 Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility programs, and the 2001 Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility. Despite nearly continuous involvement by the IMF, other international financial institutions, and bilateral donors, economic progress has been slow. Only the most recent years have witnessed inroads into poverty reduction of some significance. However, the country’s growth base remains narrow, and its institutional framework and governance weak.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; exchange rate; economic growth; reform effort; government ownership; implementation capacity; banking system; macroeconomic policy; Structural reforms; Civil service reform; Poverty reduction; Sub-Saharan Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Mauritius: Staff Report for the 2002 Article IV Consultation
International Monetary Fund
This 2002 Article IV Consultation highlights that the Mauritian economy has weathered the global economic slowdown relatively well. Economic output is expected to expand by about 5.3 percent in 2001/02 (July–June), only slightly below its trend rate of growth of the past 20 years. Tourism weakened somewhat in the second quarter of 2001 but picked up in the second half, partly reflecting Mauritius’ reputation as a safe destination. Notwithstanding the relatively robust economic growth over the past decade, unemployment has risen steadily and is projected to reach about 9 percent in 2001/02.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; IMF Concludes; government; EPZ firm; Mauritian rupee; broad money; government finances; U.S. dollar; interest rate; labor market; Labor markets; Africa; Global