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Europe > Montenegro

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Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Montenegro: Technical Assistance Report - Public Investment Management Assessment
International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Public investment is expected to play a significant role in the post-pandemic economic recovery in Montenegro. Due to the importance of the tourism sector, the pandemic has had a deep economic impact. In addition, as government debt already exceeds one hundred percent of GDP, fiscal space to increase public investment is limited. Nevertheless, the completion of the first phase of the Bar-Boljare Highway (BBH), by the end of 2021, should free up public resources within the budget constraint, that could be used for public investments. In this context, a strengthened public investment management (PIM) framework would contribute to maximize its impact on economic growth.
Keywords:
IMF's Fiscal Affairs Department; management framework; I. Public investment; efficiency frontier; staff team of the International Monetary Fund; staff from the IMF's Fiscal Affairs Department; Budget planning and preparation; Capital budget; Public investment spending; Capital spending; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Montenegro: Technical Assistance Report - Public Investment Management Assessment
International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.

Public investment is expected to play a significant role in the post-pandemic economic recovery in Montenegro. Due to the importance of the tourism sector, the pandemic has had a deep economic impact. In addition, as government debt already exceeds one hundred percent of GDP, fiscal space to increase public investment is limited. Nevertheless, the completion of the first phase of the Bar-Boljare Highway (BBH), by the end of 2021, should free up public resources within the budget constraint, that could be used for public investments. In this context, a strengthened public investment management (PIM) framework would contribute to maximize its impact on economic growth.

Keywords:
investment project; financial support; preparation process; mandate timeframe; government financing; Public investment spending
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Kosovo: 2020 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Republic of Kosovo
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Kosovo has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite policy support, economic activity is estimated to have fallen 6 percent in 2020 on account of the combined effect of strict domestic containment measures and international travel restrictions. The fiscal deficit increased to 7.7 percent of GDP, given the large fall in tax revenues and the implementation of mitigation and recovery measures of 4.2 percent of GDP. The current account deficit is estimated to have increased to 7.5 percent of GDP mainly due to a large decline in diaspora-related inflows, most notably in tourism. Gross international reserves declined but remain adequate in part due to the purchase under the IMF’s Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI) in April 2020 and the use of other external financing. Banks have weathered the recession well to date, and the high pre-COVID19 liquidity levels and ample capital buffers bode well for the system’s stability.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; targeted cash support; Kosovar authorities; bank asset quality; Kosovo authorities; deficit rule
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Montenegro: Technical Assistance Report-Report on the Monetary and Financial Statistics Mission
International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept.
This Technical Assistance Report on Montenegro highlights work of the mission with the authorities which included compiling monetary data based on the IMF standardized report forms (SRF), 1SR, and SRF 2SR, for depository corporations. While the depository corporations sector currently dominates the financial system in Montenegro, the Central Bank of Montenegro (CBCG) should also ensure the availability of source data for the compilation and dissemination of a quarterly Other Financial Corporations (OFC) survey given the sector’s potential to grow. The mission found the CBCG’s current data collection framework is broadly appropriate for the compilation of monetary data in line with the MFSMCG 2016 for the depository corporations’ sector, but further work is needed for OFCs. The mission advised on the correct treatment of negative interest accruals (due to negative interest rates) to ensure that the negative accruals diminish the value of the asset.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; CBCG staff; financial system; CBCG official; CBCG's chart of accounts; CBCG management; holdings of Eurobond; holdings of government; CBCG's Directorate for Accounting; CBCG's holding; holdings of debt securities; interest receivables; CBCG's Information Technology Department; fair value; Monetary statistics; Chart of accounts; Commercial banks; Financial statements; Currencies
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Montenegro: Staff Report for the 2012 Article IV Consultation
International Monetary Fund
This 2012 Article IV Consultation highlights that three years after the sudden end of Montenegro’s boom, there has been considerable progress toward recovery. Fiscal imbalances have proved difficult to rein in, reflecting a large fall in revenue after the collapse of the boom. Executive Directors have commended the authorities’ efforts to stabilize the economy, and welcomed the progress made since the financial crisis. Directors have also recognized the sizable public expenditure adjustment over the past few years, but underscored the need for further high-quality deficit reducing measures.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; commercial bank loan; staff appraisal; IMF staff representative; financing risk; deficit; privatization contract; Loan guarantees; Labor markets; Europe; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
Fiscal Consolidation in Southeastern European Countries: The Role of Budget Institutions
Mr. Brian Olden
,
Mr. Duncan P Last
,
Mr. Sami Yläoutinen
, and
Ms. Carla Sateriale
This paper assesses the relative strengths and weaknesses of fiscal institutions in ten Southeastern European countries, using recent benchmarking methodologies developed by FAD. The assessment evaluates each country’s understanding of the scale of the fiscal adjustment challenge, its ability to develop a credible consolidation strategy, and its capacity to implement the strategy. Key institutional arrangements, are generally in place, including top-down budgeting and medium-term budget frameworks. Other institutional arrangements require further attention, including macro-fiscal forecasting, fiscal risk analysis, setting fiscal objectives, presence and role of independent fiscal agencies, and top-down parliamentary approval.
Keywords:
WP; European country; budget institution; annual budget; consolidation strategy; orientation debate; Southeastern Europe; Fiscal Consolidation; Budget Institutions; consolidation program; nonfinancial enterprise; policy action; Budget planning and preparation; Fiscal risks; Macroeconomic and fiscal forecasts; Budget execution and treasury management; Eastern Europe; Europe
Cover IMF Working Papers
The Impact of the Global Crisison South-Eastern Europe
Francesco Spadafora
,
Mr. Emidio Cocozza
, and
Mr. Andrea Colabella
This paper analyzes the impact of the global crisis on six South-Eastern European countries. The main objective is to compare macro-financial conditions and policies in the run-up to the crisis as well as to compare the policy responses to it, so as to highlight, inter alia, possible country-specific constraints. While sharing a common pre-crisis pattern of strong capital inflows and robust growth, a key difference in the conduct of macroeconomicpolicies is that some countries adopted expansionary (and procyclical) fiscal policies. These moves exacerbated external vulnerabilities and compromised the ability to discretionarily use the fiscal instrument in acountercyclical fashion.
Keywords:
WP; current account; budget deficit; foreign currency; financial support; core inflation; international capital flows; current account adjustment; IMF financial support; FYR Macedonia; transmission mechanism; short-term debt; Current account deficits; Budget planning and preparation; Government debt management; Global; Western Europe
Cover Summary Proceedings of the Sixty-First Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors, 2007
Summary Proceedings of the Sixty-First Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors, 2007
International Monetary Fund

Abstract

The speeches made by officials attending the IMF–World Bank Annual Meetings are published in this volume, along with the press communiqués issued by the International Monetary and Financial Committee and the Development Committee at the conclusion of the meetings.

Keywords:
AS; Rodrigo de Rato; y Figaredo; country; economy; la Barra Munoz; executive directors; IMF surveillance; board of governors of the International Monetary Fund; subscription of the Republic of Montenegro; public goods; Climate change; Poverty reduction; Poverty reduction and development; Income; Global; Africa; Caribbean; Sub-Saharan Africa; West Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Montenegro: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund

Euroization has served Montenegro well by anchoring inflation expectations, and shifted the burden of adjustment to fiscal and structural policies. The paper looks at trends and how developments in the tourism industry have contributed to the shaping of the economy. The lack of monetary and exchange rate policies in Montenegro puts a premium on a well-designed and appropriate fiscal policy. This paper has presented a dynamic analysis of the structure of the banking sector of Central and Eastern European countries.

Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Montenegro; tourism; fiscal policy; Montenegrin authorities; demand management; government deposit; government operation; public policy; Budget planning and preparation
Cover IMF Working Papers
Budget System Reform in Transitional Economies: The Case of the Former Yugoslav Republics
Mr. Jack Diamond
and
Mr. Duncan P Last
For the republics of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) as for many other transition economies, an important step in introducing a more market-oriented system was the restructuring of their budget systems. This paper reviews and evaluates the process of budget system reform during the transition period extending from the time they emerged from the collapse of the SFRY in 1989 until the end of 2002. For at least a decade of this period, the Fiscal Affairs Department of the IMF has been providing technical assistance (TA) to these countries to facilitate such reforms. Based on the material generated by this effort, the authors offer a review of the progress made and an assessment of the reform elements still to be completed. Given that the former Yugoslav republics all commenced the reform process with the same institutions, this paper offers a unique opportunity to analyze the critical elements in successful budget system reform. An attempt is made to explain the varying degrees of success experienced by different countries, and a reform agenda is suggested to guide future TA.
Keywords:
WP; submission system; government operation; banking arrangement; payment order; budget execution; cash management; government payment; MFERAC information system; Budget Reform; Yugoslavia; government institution; Budget planning and preparation; Budget execution and treasury management; Fiscal accounting and reporting; Central government spending; Global