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Europe > Montenegro

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Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Montenegro: 2018 Article IV Consultation-Press Release and Staff Report
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
This 2018 Article IV Consultation highlights that Montenegro’s economy is growing strongly, boosted by the implementation of large investment projects, including the construction of the Bar-Boljare highway. Growth should continue over the medium term, albeit at a more moderate pace as highway construction ends. The IMF staff projects the economy to expand by 3 percent in 2018 and 2.5 percent in 2019, with fiscal consolidation also acting as a moderate drag on growth. Although the implementation of large publicly financed infrastructure projects has added to economic growth, the accompanying use of fiscal resources has contributed to a large increase in government debt. Economic growth should remain strong in 2018, notwithstanding fiscal consolidation, and maintain momentum over the medium term.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; government; Montenegro; debt; GDP; surplus; CPI indexation; IMF TA; pension sustainability; government finances; Montenegrin authorities; government debt; public-sector workforce; Fiscal consolidation; Fiscal stance; Capital spending; Global
Cover Departmental Papers
Public Infrastructure in the Western Balkans: Opportunities and Challenges
Mr. Ruben V Atoyan
,
Ms. Dora Benedek
,
Ezequiel Cabezon
,
Mr. Giuseppe Cipollone
,
Mr. Jacques A Miniane
,
Ms. Nhu Nguyen
,
Mr. Martin Petri
,
Mr. Jens Reinke
, and
Mr. James Roaf
An assessment of public infrastructure development in the Western Balkans. The paper quantifies the large gaps across various sectors/dimensions, evaluates current infrastructure plans, and discusses funding options available to countries in the region. The paper also identifies important bottlenecks for increased infrastructure investment. Finally, the paper quantifies potential growth benefits from addressing infrastructure gaps, concluding that boosting the quantity and quality of infrastructure is vital for raising economic growth and accelerating income convergence with the EU. The paper concludes with country-specific policy recommendations.
Keywords:
DPPP; DP; capital stock; crowding in; private sector; EU country; IMF staff calculation; infrastructure investment; single market; financial support; management framework; EU accession prospect; investment plan; country's investment attractiveness; investment goods; IFI financing; accession prospect; Infrastructure; Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP); Public investment spending; Capital spending; Europe; Central and Eastern Europe; Global; Baltics; EU integration process
Cover Negative Euro Area Interest Rates and Spillovers on Western Balkan Central Bank Policies and Instruments
Negative Euro Area Interest Rates and Spillovers on Western Balkan Central Bank Policies and Instruments
International Monetary Fund

Abstract

Proceedings of a conference co-hosted by the Bank of Albania and the International Monetary Fund in May 2017.

Keywords:
SEM; interest rate; euro; central bank; rate; bank; interest rate differential; interest rate environment; ECB monetary policy; FX reserve; risk-taking channel; Currencies; Negative interest rates; Financial sector stability; Exchange rates; Central bank policy rate; Global; Europe; Western Europe; Eastern Europe; Baltics; ECB monetary policy implementation framework; International reserves
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Montenegro: Financial Sector Assessment Program-Framework for NonPerforming Loans Workout and Insolvency and Creditor Rights-Technical Note
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
This paper examines the current state of nonperforming loans (NPLs) in Montenegro, assesses the regulatory and supervisory framework as well as the insolvency and creditor rights regime, and makes recommendations for strengthening the framework. The paper evaluates the legal, regulatory, and supervisory regimes in four key areas: (1) creditor rights and enforcement systems (for secured and unsecured credit); (2) debt recovery and informal enterprise workout practices; (3) formal insolvency system (liquidation and reorganization proceedings); and (4) effectiveness of the relevant institutional, regulatory, and supervisory frameworks in implementing laws, regulations, and supervisory requirements in this area. The local and regional boom-bust cycle has left a legacy of high NPLs in Montenegro.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; bank account; credit risk; management practice; mortgage registration procedure; coverage ratio; resolution strategy; enforcement procedure; NPL resolution; enterprise restructuring; resolution practice; promissory note; debtor's house exemption; management goal; NPL portfolio; Nonperforming loans; Mortgages; Loans; Collateral; Debt restructuring
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Montenegro: Financial Sector Assessment Program-Financial Crisis Preparedness and Management-Technical Note
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
This paper provides assessment of the crisis preparedness and management framework of Montenegro. The banking sector dominates the financial system and accounts for about 90 percent of financial system assets, equivalent to about 93 percent of GDP as of June 2015. In 2010 the Financial Stability Council (FSC) was established to maintain financial system stability and avoid financial distress. FSC members are the Central Bank of Montenegro (CBM) governor (chair), the minister of finance, the president of the Insurance Supervision Agency Council, and the Securities and Exchange Commission president. The CBM functions as the de facto resolution authority for banks.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; CBM Law; bank bankruptcy law; CBM governor; CBM liquidity loan; resolution fund; CBM contingency plan; camel rating; liquidity contingency plans; CBM order; CBM fund; bank shareholder; Bank resolution; Bank resolution framework; Crisis management; Lender of last resort; Contingency planning; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Montenegro: Financial Sector Assessment Program-Banking Sector Stress Testing-Technical Note
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
The main objective of this technical note is to assess bank’s balance sheet and profits, solvency stress test, and liquidity stress test. The financial system in Montenegro is dominated by the banking sector. By the end of 2014, 12 licensed banks operated in Montenegro, with total banking sector assets amounting to 3.1 billion euros or 88 percent of total financial system assets and 92 percent of GDP. The stress-testing exercise is aimed to test the banking system’s resilience to extreme but plausible shocks. The stress test is a tool to assess the vulnerabilities of the banking system that may expose it to risks.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; bank; capital adequacy ratio; capital; loan; capital shortfall; parent bank funding; ratio projection; Montenegro bank; bank portfolio; a number of bank; bank failure; EU bank; exposure loss; percentage share; bank network analysis; return on assets; Commercial banks; Loans; Credit; Nonperforming loans; Stress testing; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Montenegro: Financial Sector Assessment Program-Banking Supervision and Regulation-Technical Note
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
This paper discusses the current status of banking supervision and regulation in Montenegro in the context of select Basel Core Principles. It provides a brief overview of the financial system structure, bank system performance, and the framework for financial oversight. Laws, regulations, and supervision have improved significantly since the 2006 Financial Sector Assessment Program to align more closely with Basel and EU requirements. The banking sector dominates the financial system and accounts for about 90 percent of financial system assets, equivalent to about 93 percent of GDP as of June 2015. There are currently 14 banks operating in Montenegro, up from 11 in 2013.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; central bank; CBM regulation; banking system; bank d; CBM supervisor; holding company; joint stock; liquidity contingency plans; risk management system; CBM state; CBM methodology; CBM analysis; CBM monitoring; CBM contingency plans; Operational risk; Credit risk; Bank risk management; Bank supervision; Stress testing; Eastern Europe; Southern Europe; Global
Cover Articles of Agreement
Articles of Agreement
International Monetary Fund

Abstract

This paper discusses the Second Amendment of the IMF’s Articles of Agreement. The drafting of the Second Amendment of the Articles of Agreement was a more prolonged and more complicated task than the preparation of the First Amendment. One characteristic of the Second Amendment is the transformation into law, by incorporation in the Articles, of policies that the IMF had adopted over the years. The provisions of the Second Amendment that deal with repurchase obligations, the selection of currencies for use in purchases and repurchases, and stand-by arrangements are among the many examples that are sometimes referred to as constituting the modernization of the IMF.

Keywords:
AA; Fund; agreement; purposes of the fund; public international organizations; transactions in special drawing rights; general international organization; fund's holding; Currencies; Freely usable currencies; International monetary system; Bank liquidation; Global; Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Montenegro: Financial System Stability Assessment
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
This paper focuses on the important issues of Montenegro economy which are as follows: microfinancial setting, financial system resilience, financial oversight, resolution of nonperforming loans, and financial safety nets. Montenegro is still dealing with the aftermath of the collapse of the lending boom in 2008. Economic momentum has accelerated in 2015, but there are numerous downside risks. System-wide solvency and liquidity indicators appear broadly sound, but significant pockets of vulnerabilities exist among domestically owned banks. Decisive action to deal with weak banks is critical for preserving financial stability. While the legal, regulatory, and supervisory frameworks for banking and insurance sector have markedly improved since 2006 Financial Sector Assessment Program, further progress is required.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; bank; asset; bridge bank; funding; resolution planning; camel rating; liquidity contingency plans; CBM payment system; CBM-managed payment; CBM oversight function; relationship management; camel-rated bank; a number of bank; private sector; excessive risk aversion; bank relationship management; Nonperforming loans; Commercial banks; Liquidity; Credit; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Montenegro: 2015 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Montenegro
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
This report highlights the recent economic developments and outlook and risks related to the Montenegro’s economy. It also discusses policies which need to be implemented to boost growth. Montenegro’s economy has rebounded in the past year, and strong growth looks set to continue in 2016, at slightly more than 4 percent. Although the government’s growth strategy can bring substantial gains, it also carries sizable risks, notably to the public finances. The authorities have taken various policy measures to (1) contain fiscal sustainability risks, (2) sustainably revitalize credit conditions, (3) safeguard financial sector stability, and (4) boost competitiveness and economic flexibility.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; asset; production GDP estimate; asset quality; consumer price index; Montenegro; article IV staff; growth strategy; Montenegro's economy; Montenegro authorities; insurance oversight framework; assessment of the resilience; Credit; Public sector wages; Global