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Middle East and Central Asia > Kyrgyz Republic

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Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Bangladesh: Fifth and Sixth Reviews Under the Extended Credit Facility Arrangement-Press Release and Staff Report
International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
This paper discusses Bangladesh’s Fifth and Sixth Reviews Under the Extended Credit Facility Arrangement. The current ECF arrangement, approved in April 2012, is drawing to a close. Over its three years, macroeconomic stability has been buttressed: growth is strong, inflation has eased, the public debt-to-GDP ratio has remained stable, and foreign reserves remain adequate. Progress on revenue mobilization, however, has been weak. Political uncertainty remains a key risk to the outlook. All performance criteria for the combined reviews have been met, all prior actions have been completed, and macroeconomic stability has been maintained. The IMF staff recommends completion of the combined reviews.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; ECF arrangement; debt; upside inflation risk; prudent fiscal policy; support from the Extended Credit Facility; social spending; Commercial banks; Debt sustainability analysis; Credit; State-owned banks; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Kyrgyz Republic: Joint Staff Advisory Note on the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
The paper focuses on the workings of the Medium-Term Development Program (MTDP) of the Kyrgyz Republic. Raising living standards as well as taking measures for reducing poverty have been cited as the main priority areas of the strategy, and the measures to be undertaken to bring about improvements in these areas are highlighted. The report also throws light on the major objectives of MTDP’s three-year strategy during the period from 2012–14.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Medium-Term Development Program; government; governance; MTDP implementation; authorities' Medium-Term Development Program; government strategy; policy choice; scenario aim; government's MTDP; Poverty reduction; Public sector; Poverty reduction strategy; Global
Cover IMF Survey
Bulletin du FMI vol. 35, n° 11, juin 2006
International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
En mettant l’accent sur le travail du FMI et sur les grandes questions macroéconomiques et financières internationales, le Bulletin du FMI présente une analyse des développements nationaux, régionaux et mondiaux, des informations sur le travail, les politiques, les réformes et les activités d'assistance technique du FMI, les conclusions d'études de calibre mondial, des données essentielles qui ne sont souvent pas disponibles ailleurs, ainsi que des rapports sur les discussions économiques et financières au sein du FMI et ailleurs. Publié douze fois par an, ce bulletin de seize pages s'adresse à un large public : dirigeants, analystes, chercheurs, étudiants et journalistes. Disponible en anglais, français et espagnol.
Keywords:
SV; SDR; IMF department; growth
Cover IMF Survey
Boletín del FMI Vol.35, No.11 junio 2006
International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
El Boletín del FMI aborda de manera específica el trabajo del FMI y los grandes temas macroeconómicos y financieros internacionales y ofrece análisis sobre la evolución en los distintos países y regiones y en el mundo; información sobre las operaciones, políticas, reformas y asistencia técnica del FMI; síntesis de las principales investigaciones económicas mundiales; datos fundamentales que no suelen estar disponibles en otras fuentes, e informes sobre debates económicos y financieros que tienen lugar dentro y fuera del FMI. Este boletín de 16 páginas, publicado 12 veces al año, está orientado a una vasta audiencia, que incluye autoridades de política económica, analistas, profesionales del mundo académico y de los medios de difusión y estudiantes. Disponible en inglés, español y francés.
Keywords:
SV; SDR; IMF department; growth
Cover IMF Survey
IMF Survey, Volume 35, Issue 11
International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
Multilateral consultation; Euro Area; Caruana to head new Department; Marshall Islands; Malaysia; Inflation targeting; Offshoring U.S. services; Public sector credit; Singapore; Pakistan's inflation; Kyrgyz Republic; Latin America.
Keywords:
SV; SDR; IMF department; growth; IMF quota; service market; IMF Deputy managing director Agustin Carstens; IMF's executive board; Inflation targeting; Inflation; Public sector; Poverty reduction strategy; Price incentives; Global; Europe; East Asia
Cover Policy Papers
Lessons from the Real-Time Assessments of Structural Conditionality
International Monetary Fund
NULL
Keywords:
PP; country; fund; Bolivia; Mauritania; country case; PRGF country; core area; country circumstances; labor market; country ownership; macroeconomic problem; Privatization; Public enterprises; Energy sector; Labor market reforms; Civil service reform
Cover IMF Working Papers
Improving Governance and Fighting Corruption in the Baltic and CIS Countries: The Role of the IMF
Emine Gürgen
and
Mr. Thomas A. Wolf
This paper examines the indirect role the IMF plays in combating corruption in the Baltic and CIS countries by promoting structural reforms that help improve economic governance and thus reduce opportunities for rent-seeking behavior. The analysis draws on examples of actual experience with corruption and outlines some of the structural measures under IMF-supported arrangements, which, if successfully implemented, can be expected to help gradually alleviate corruption. It also summarizes IMF-wide initiatives under way to strengthen public sector transparency and accountability, and highlights the key structural areas likely to receive emphasis in the IMF’s future policy advice to countries in the region.
Keywords:
WP; administration; country; authority; economy; CIS country; Governance; corruption; transition; Baltic; CIS; IMF; country self-assessments; enterprise operation; macroeconomic adjustment; government transparency; state energy company; Commercial banks; Civil service reform; Privatization; Baltics
Cover Tax Reform in the Baltics, Russia, and Other Countries of the Former Soviet Union
Tax Reform in the Baltics, Russia, and Other Countries of the Former Soviet Union
Mr. Liam P. Ebrill

Abstract

This paper provides an overview of the recent revenue performance in the Baltics, Russia, and other countries of the former Soviet Union, and a survey of these countries efforts to modify tax policy in line with the needs of increasingly market-oriented economies and to increase the effectiveness of tax administration. It focuses principally on the 12 countries of the CIS, but refers also to the Baltic countries, and addresses the period from 1995 to mid-1998, prior to the August 1998 financial crisis in Russia.

Keywords:
OP; country; revenue action plans; government; cash revenue; GDP ratio; CIS country; revenue performance; Tax administration core functions; Tax collection; Tax law; Payroll tax; Baltics
Cover IMF Working Papers
The Quality of Governance: “Second-Generation” Civil Service Reform in Africa
International Monetary Fund
This paper argues that the development of human capital in the public sector should be an important ingredient in any proposed set of “second-generation” reforms for Africa. In the post-colonial era the quality of governance has seriously declined, and the stock of human capital in the public sector has been eroded by a flight of human capital from many countries in response to compression of wages. The paper develops a simple theoretical framework to discuss these issues and the continent’s experience with foreign technical assistance in supplementing the low level of domestic human capital.
Keywords:
WP; private sector; wage bill; profit profile; bill adjustment; market wage rate; wage compression; public sector; human capital; migration; growth; government wage structure; brain drain; workers wage; wage rate; Wages; Public sector wages; Real wages; Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa
Cover Fiscal Reforms in Low-Income Countries
Fiscal Reforms in Low-Income Countries
Mr. Benedict J. Clements
,
Mr. Liam P. Ebrill
,
Mr. Sanjeev Gupta
,
Mr. Anthony J. Pellechio
,
Mr. Jerald A Schiff
,
Mr. George T. Abed
,
Mr. Ronald T. McMorran
, and
Marijn Verhoeven

Abstract

The reform of fiscal policies and institutions lies at the heart of structural adjustment in developing countries. Although the immediate aim of such reform is to reduce fiscal imbalances to achieve macroeconomic stability, the long-term goal is to secure more durable improvements in fiscal performance. This study reviews the fiscal reform experience of 36 low-income developing countries that undertook macroeconomic and structural adjustment in the context of the IMF's Structural Adjustment Facility and Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility during the period of 1985-95.

Keywords:
OP; ESAF country; IMF staff estimate; CFA franc; CFA franc country; country authorities; ESAF program; program year; expenditure policy reform; Consumption taxes; Taxes on trade; Capital spending; Africa; Western Hemisphere; Asia and Pacific; revenue ratio; zone African; ESAF participant; Current spending; Tax administration core functions