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Middle East and Central Asia > Kyrgyz Republic

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Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Kazakhstan: Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; oil revenue; net export; enrollment ratio; time deposit; net enrollment ratio; net credit; net tax; credit to government; national bank of Kazakhstan; Nontax revenue; Oil; Agricultural commodities; gas and mining taxes; Natural gas sector; Baltics
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Kazakhstan: Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; bottom; oil revenue; national bank of Kazakhstan; extraction industry; net lending; time deposit; production value; Agricultural commodities; Oil; gas and mining taxes; Natural gas sector; Baltics
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Tajikistan: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper and Statistical Appendix examines banking sector developments in the Republic of Tajikistan. The paper estimates quasi-fiscal activities in the energy sector, and provides an assessment of external sector trade and the need for further trade reform. Developments in the agriculture sector are assessed. The paper highlights that the lessons that emerge from recent experience indicate that weak institutions in Tajikistan have resulted in erratic implementation of structural reforms, which threaten the sustainability of the economy’s improved macroeconomic stability.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; exchange rate; joint stock; banking system; trading company; banking sector; commercial bank; bank supervision; Tariffs; Agricultural commodities; Exports; Commercial banks; Imports; Western Europe
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Kyrgyz Republic: Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
The statistical data on the progress in transition, value-added in the main production sectors, industrial production, output of selected industrial and manufacturing products, consumer and producer prices, energy prices, average wages, labor market, export and import of goods to CIS and non-CIS countries with regard to the Kyrgyz Republic have been presented in this paper. The paper also presents the direction of trade, production, imports, and exports of energy products, external public debt, summary of state government operations, and related economic indices of the country.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Kyrgyzstan; Kyrgyz authorities; enterprise; national bank; NBKR credit auction rate; emergency fund; NBKR sale; bank Bakai; joint stock; Agricultural sector; Agricultural commodities; Exports; Loans; Asia and Pacific
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Tajikistan: Recent Economic Developments
International Monetary Fund
Against the backdrop of a serious deterioration in its terms of trade and a large reversal of private capital flows following the Russian crisis in August 1998, the Tajik economy has entered a period of adjustment. Output growth has slowed down, inflation has flared up, and the exchange rate has weakened. More recently, macroeconomic stability has restored as the authorities have embarked on a strong adjustment path in response to adverse external developments and to correct the slippages in policy implementation during 1999.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; U.S. dollar; exchange rate; debt service; private sector; Tajik authorities; terms of trade; Agricultural commodities; Exchange rates; Electricity; Europe; Asia and Pacific; Central Asia
Cover IMF Staff Papers
IMF Staff Papers, Volume 47, No. 2
International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
This paper analyzes portfolio diversification, leverage, and financial contagion. It studies the extent to which basic principles of portfolio diversification explain “contagious selling” of financial assets when there are purely local shocks. The paper demonstrates that the elementary portfolio theory offers key insights into “contagion.” Most important, portfolio diversification and leverage are sufficient to explain why an investor will find it optimal to significantly reduce all risky asset positions when an adverse shock impacts just one asset.
Keywords:
SP; price; currency; fiscal policy; monetary policy; CS ratio; commodity price; currency crash; risky assets; price shock; Commodity prices; Currencies; Commodity price shocks; Agricultural commodities; Eastern Europe; Global; Asia and Pacific; Africa; Middle East; Western Hemisphere
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Uzbekistan: Recent Economic Developments
International Monetary Fund
This paper reviews economic developments in the Republic of Uzbekistan during 1992–97. It compares growth in Uzbekistan with that of other transition economies and seeks to shed light on why Uzbekistan has suffered a smaller transformational recession than other transition economies. The paper covers the existing arrangements for production and trade in agriculture, and estimates the costs for agriculture arising from state procurement and the multiple exchange rate system. The paper also traces the effects of multiple exchange rates and other quasi-fiscal operations on the economy as a whole.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; exchange rate; yield; government; market; price; foreign currency; consumer goods; central bank; curb exchange market; exchange market operation; Uzbek growth experience; Agricultural commodities; Commercial banks; Exchange rates; Imports; Baltics; Europe; Western Hemisphere; Asia and Pacific; Eastern Europe; Africa
Cover IMF Working Papers
Output Decline and Recovery in Uzbekistan: Past Performance and Future Prospects
Mr. Jeromin Zettelmeyer
and
Mr. Günther Taube
What explains Uzbekistan’s unusually mild “transformational recession” and its moderate recovery during 1996-97? We examine potential biases in output measurement, the role of “special factors”—including initial production structure, natural resources, and public investment policies—and sectoral output developments. The main findings are (i) Uzbekistan’s relatively favorable output record is not an artifact of measurement alone; (ii) public investment has had no significant effects on growth; (iii) the mildness of Uzbekistan’s transitional recession can be accounted for by its favorable initial production structure and its self-sufficiency in energy; (iv) unless reforms are significantly accelerated, medium-term growth prospects are mediocre.
Keywords:
WP; Uzbek experience; output performance; reform policy; private sector; Uzbek growth path; Uzbekistan; Transition; Growth; Output; Sustainability; unmeasured Uzbekistan effect; Uzbek authorities; Uzbek growth experience; consumer goods; Agricultural commodities; Structural reforms; Agricultural sector; Public investment spending; Baltics
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Kyrgyz Republic: Recent Economic Developments
International Monetary Fund
This paper describes economic developments in the Kyrgyz Republic during the 1990s. The cash fiscal deficit increased from 7.7 percent of GDP in 1994 to 12.5 percent of GDP in 1995. The authorities encountered difficulties in raising revenues early in the year, but with the implementation of measures to strengthen tax collection, taxes were maintained at about 13.5 percent of GDP for the year as a whole. However, total budget revenues fell from 21 percent of GDP in 1994 to 16 percent of GDP in 1995, reflecting a sharp decline in central bank profit transfers and food grants.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Kyrgyz authorities; CIS country; broad money; first quarter; Kyrgyz authority; tax revenue; state enterprise; commercial bank; Imports; Exports; Agricultural sector; Agricultural commodities
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Uzbekistan: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper and Statistical Appendix analyzes developments in the domestic economy of Uzbekistan. The paper highlights that after declining by 17½ percent during 1992–94, real GDP fell by only about 1 percent in 1995. The moderation in the output decline was due in part to a strong performance in the agricultural sector. Agricultural output grew by about 2 percent in 1995, owing to increases in grain production, while activity in the industrial, construction, transport, communications, and trade sectors continued to decline.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; enterprise reform; trading partner; privatized enterprise; consumer goods; excess reserves; self-financing enterprise; rate of inflation; nonresident enterprise; corporatized enterprise; monopoly enterprise; Agricultural commodities; Exports; Currencies; Imports; Central Asia