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Middle East and Central Asia > Kyrgyz Republic

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  • Type: Journal Issue x
  • Notes and Manuals x
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Cover Technical Notes and Manuals
Understanding Artificial Intelligence in Tax and Customs Administration
Joshua Aslett
,
Stuart Hamilton
,
Ignacio Gonzalez
,
David Hadwick
, and
Michael A Hardy
This technical note provides an overview of current thinking on artificial intelligence (AI) in tax and customs administration. Written primarily for senior officials, the intent of the note is to provide an awareness of AI that can help inform decision making and planning. The note opens with an exploration of historic and ongoing AI developments. It then provides an overview of legal and ethical concerns, AI use cases, guidance on how to promote AI's responsible use, and logic for introducing AI use cases into an operational setting. The note closes by presenting a selection of questions being debated by experts. In its annexes, the note includes (1) an example of an AI policy; (2) references to help develop AI strategy; and (3) methodology to risk assess AI use cases.
Keywords:
tax administration; customs administration; artificial intelligence; generative artificial intelligence; AI regulation; strategy and planning; use case; AI strategy; understanding AI; AI Policy; risk assessment; Tax administration core functions; Customs administration core functions; Training and development in revenue administration; Europe; Global
Cover IMF How To Notes
How to Organize Central Securities Depositories in Developing Markets: Key Considerations
Ms. Froukelien Wendt
,
Peter Katz
, and
Alice Zanza
The key objective of this note is to support authorities in their decision making about the optimal organization of central securities depositories (CSDs) in their country. For the purpose of this note, a CSD is defined as an entity that provides securities accounts, a securities settlement system, and central safekeeping services to market participants, which can be banks and other financial institutions. Authorities in developing markets, in particular central banks, may grapple with two questions: (1) whether to pursue a single CSD to increase market efficiencies and benefit from economies of scale and scope and (2) whether to partake in the governance of the CSD as owner or operator. This note presents seven considerations for authorities to take into account when answering these questions and determining the best model for their country.
Keywords:
FADHTN; HTN; financial market; private sector; single CSD; CSD operation; debt management; cash settlement; CSD operator; ownership structure; fixed cost; BNR authorities; Philippines government; authorization of the CSD; authorities in the Kyrgyz Republic; CSD technology; Central securities depositories; Securities; Government securities; Securities markets; Stock markets; Global; Europe; government securities market; Organize Central Securities depository; ConsiderationsHow-To note; develop market; key ConsiderationsHow-To note; key consideration; Asia and Pacific
Cover Spillover Notes
The Spillover Effects of Russia’s Economic Slowdown on Neighboring Countries
Ara Stepanyan
,
Agustin Roitman
,
Gohar Minasyan
,
Ms. Dragana Ostojic
, and
Mr. Natan P. Epstein
In the face of sharply lower oil prices and geopolitical tensions and sanctions, economic activity in Russia decelerated in late 2014, resulting in negative spillovers on Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and, to a lesser extent, on Baltic countries. The spillovers to eastern Europe have been limited. The degree of impact is commensurate with the level of these countries’ trade, remittances, and foreign direct investment (FDI) links with Russia. So far, policy action by the affected countries has focused on mitigating the immediate consequences of spillovers.
Keywords:
SN; Russia; exchange rate; CIS country; CIS oil importer; growth slowdown; import ban; exchange rate depreciation; growth shock; Spillovers; Oil prices; Exchange rates; Depreciation; Remittances; Baltics; Eastern Europe