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Middle East and Central Asia > Jordan

You are looking at 1 - 4 of 4 items for :

  • Type: Journal Issue x
  • Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity x
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Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Jordan: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
This Selected Issues paper explores the main obstacles related to low female labor force participation in Jordan. Lack of access to safe and reliable public transportation can hamper labor market choices for women. Gender-based legal restrictions may also prevent women from participating in the labor market. The analysis concludes that structural variables and regulations are the main drivers of the gender gap in participation and employment outcomes in Jordan. Based on the regression results, there is a statistically significant relationship between the structural variables and regulations and the gap in both participation and employment. The results for Jordan are also compared with the Middle East and North Africa region. It finds that gender disparity in labor market participation in Jordan is not due to access to basic services such as education and health but is rather based on structural and legal impediments. Particularly, structural variables as well as regulations help explain the gap in participation rates between men and women.
Keywords:
B. dissecting GDP growth; tourism growth; tourism sector growth; employment outcome; tourism fluctuation; participation opportunity; business environment indicator; labor market market trend; Women; Total factor productivity; Tourism; Labor productivity; Productivity; Global; Middle East; North Africa; East Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; Asia and Pacific
Cover IMF Working Papers
Private Sector Job Creation in MENA: Prioritizing the Reform Agenda
Mr. Benedicte Baduel
,
Carolin Geginat
, and
Ms. Gaelle Pierre
This paper examines the extent to which firms in selected MENA countries reported being constrained by the business environment around the time of the Arab Spring and the extent to which these constraints affected their employment performance. The results suggest that small firms in MENA faced more structural constraints than similar firms in other regions. We also find that MENA firms’ weaker job creation can be explained in great part by the macroeconomic environment and structural constraints. Low GDP growth, falling external competitiveness, corruption, lack of access to finance and poor access to electricity are found to explain a significant part of the lack of employment growth in MENA firms compared to their peers.
Keywords:
WP; employment growth; World Bank enterprises survey; enterprise survey; firms' characteristic; credit constraint; employment performance; firm exit; firms in Mena; medium-sized firm; SMEs; MENA; Arab Countries in Transition; private sector; employment; employment creation; World Bank enterprise survey; micro firm; Job creation; Business environment; Labor productivity; Electricity; Central and Eastern Europe
Cover IMF Working Papers
The Design of Fiscal Reform Packages: Insights from a Theoretical Endogenous Growth Model
Andrew Hodge
This paper studies the impact on growth, welfare, and government debt of fiscal reform packages in a theoretical model drawing together three key features of the endogenous growth literature: (i) investment in technology (in the form of human capital) offsets diminishing marginal productivity of private capital, allowing for perpetual growth in output per capita; (ii) changes in investment behavior because of cuts to distortionary tax rates impact long-run growth; and (iii) public capital has a role influencing total factor productivity and growth. A quantitative simulation using reasonable parameter values suggests that modest capital and/or labor income tax cuts and public investment increases have significant positive effects on consumer welfare but small effects on per capita income growth, where fiscal costs are offset by reductions in unproductive government spending. Capital income tax cuts and public investment increases continue to boost welfare when offset by consumption tax rises (rather than spending cuts), although the welfare benefits of modest labor income tax cuts are outweighed by the costs of a compensating consumption tax increase.
Keywords:
WP; physical capital; Fiscal policy; Endogenous growth; physical capital goods; private physical capital; reform BGP; public capital; constant returns to scale; capital share; consumer welfare; Human capital; Capital income tax; Public investment spending; Personal income tax
Cover IEO Annual Report 2014
IEO Annual Report 2014
International Monetary Fund. Independent Evaluation Office

Abstract

The 2014 Annual Report of the Independent Evaluation Office of the International Monetary Fund.

Keywords:
IEOR; IEO; evaluation; IEO evaluation; IEO FY2015; IEO work program; budget proposal; IMF statistics; IEO budget; IEO's objective; Capital account liberalization; Fiscal consolidation; Poverty reduction strategy; Budget planning and preparation; Human capital; Global; Sub-Saharan Africa