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Europe > Iceland

You are looking at 1 - 7 of 7 items for :

  • Type: Journal Issue x
  • Investments: General x
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Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Euro Area Policies: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
This Selected Issues paper highlights quantitative tightening (QT) by the European Central Bank (ECB). It uses evidence from the literature on the impact of central bank bond purchases and sales on bond yields, and the monetary policy stance, to outline a roadmap for reducing the Euro system’s bond holdings. The current tightening cycle provides an opportunity to revisit the ECB’s balance sheet policy. With inflation running above target, the monetary accommodation provided by the ECB’s bond holding is no longer necessary. The current tightening cycle provides an opportunity to revisit the ECB’s balance sheet policy. With inflation running above target, the monetary accommodation provided by the ECB’s bond holding is no longer necessary. The paper concludes that the ECB’s short term policy rates should be the main choice for adapting the monetary policy stance to changing circumstances and QT should proceed in a gradual, predictable manner as outlined by the ECB.
Keywords:
ECB Policy rate; ECB balance sheet; app portfolio; C. Policy consideration; bond supply net of ECB; Financial statements; Unconventional monetary policies; Central bank policy rate; Monetary stance; Securities
Cover IMF Working Papers
Portfolio Inflows Eclipsing Banking Inflows: Alternative Facts?
Mr. Eugenio M Cerutti
and
Mr. Gee Hee Hong
Superficial examination of aggregate gross cross-border capital inflow data suggests that there was no substitution between portfolio inflows and bank loans in recent years. However, our novel analysis of disaggregate inflows (both by types of instrument and borrower) shows interesting heterogeneity. There has been substitution of bank loans for portfolio debt securities not only in the case of corporate and sovereign borrowers in advanced countries, but also sovereign borrowers in emerging countries. In the case of corporate borrowers in emerging markets, the relationship corresponds to complementarity across types of gross capital inflows, especially during periods of positive capital gross inflows after the global financial crisis. A large part of these patterns does not seem to be driven by a common phenomenon across countries associated with the global financial cycle, but rather by country-specific factors.
Keywords:
WP; capital flows; portfolio inflows; bank inflows; global financial cycle; portfolio debt; loan inflow; AE corporate; borrower type; investment loan; factor loading; debt inflow; debt optimization operation; Loans; Capital inflows; Securities; Stocks; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
Determinants of Financial Market Spillovers: The Role of Portfolio Diversification, Trade, Home Bias, and Concentration
Yoko Shinagawa
This paper defines financial market spillovers as the comovement between two countries’ financial markets and analyzes financial market spillovers over the period 2001-12 through four channels: bilateral portfolio investment, bilateral trade, home bias, and country concentration. The paper finds that, if a country has a large amount of bilateral portfolio exposure in another country, these two countries’ comovement of bond yields are large. Also, countries’ geographical preferences impact financial spillovers; if a country has a stronger home bias, the country could have less spillovers from foreign financial markets. A policy implication from this result is that, if countries become less home-biased and have a greater amount of portfolio investment assets, they should strengthen prudential regulations to mitigate against rising risks of financial spillovers (or risk greater volatility owing to comovement with foreign markets).
Keywords:
WP; market; asset holding; Financial Spillover; Coordinated Portfolio Investment Survey (CPIS); Home Bias; financial market spillover; market contagion; correlation vis-à-vis; heightened market instability; portfolio inflow; Spillovers; Portfolio investment; Stock markets; Stocks; Securities; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
New Zealand: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund
In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; bank; GDP; price; terms of trade boom; bank capital; New Zealand bank; asset quality; GDP increase; disclosure statement; Mortgages; Terms of trade; Return on investment; Fiscal stimulus; Capital adequacy requirements; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Denmark: Financial Sector Assessment Program: Detailed Assessment of the Securities Clearance and Settlement Systems
International Monetary Fund
This paper discusses key findings of the Detailed Assessment of the Securities Clearance and Settlement Systems for Denmark. The assessment recommends that securities settlement systems should have a well-founded, clear, and transparent legal basis in the relevant jurisdiction. Confirmation of trades between market participants should occur as soon as possible after trade execution, but no later than trade date (T+0). Where confirmation of trades by indirect market participants is required, it should occur as soon as possible after trade execution, preferably on T+0, but no later than T+1.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; settlement cycle; bond issue; VP settlement account; cash settlement; clearing rule; securities lending; VP system; replacement cost; standing VP committee; comments VP; DVP procedure; VP participant; Securities; Securities settlement systems; Central securities depositories; Currencies; Collateral; Baltics
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Iceland: Financial System Stability Assessment
International Monetary Fund
Iceland has implemented a broad-based program of financial liberalization and market reforms. Iceland's conduct of monetary and financial policies is highly transparent, which contributes in an important way to the stability and efficiency of the financial system. Both macroprudential and microprudential indicators suggest that the system may be vulnerable to a macroeconomic shock. The Icelandic financial system is vulnerable to market risk and credit risk. The government intends to use the results of the assessment to strengthen their operations and enhance improvements to the regulatory framework.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; monetary policy; payment system; financial system; exchange rate; banking sector; money market; interest rate; capital adequacy ratio; insurance fund; Payment systems; Securities; Insurance companies; Insurance; Commercial banks; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Iceland: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper focuses on the European Monetary Union and the monetary policy framework in Iceland. It concludes that in terms of an exchange rate regime, the two most realistic options for Iceland are to continue with the existing arrangement or adopt a unilateral peg to the euro. However, it is argued that both options entail the need for enhancing the independence of the central bank, which will require reforming the Central Bank of Iceland Act. The paper also discusses a Scandinavian forecasting model for inflation in Iceland.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; central bank; inflation equation; wage inflation; equation residual; world inflation; D. forecasting inflation; Inflation; Commercial banks; Personal income tax; Securities; Exchange rates; Western Europe; Europe