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Europe > Ireland

You are looking at 1 - 7 of 7 items for :

  • Type: Journal Issue x
  • Corporate Finance and Governance: General x
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Cover Departmental Papers
Taxing Multinationals in Europe
Ernesto Crivelli
,
Ruud A. de Mooij
,
J. E. J. De Vrijer
,
Mr. Shafik Hebous
, and
Mr. Alexander D Klemm
This paper aims to contribute to the European policy debate on corporate income tax reform in three ways. First, it takes a step back to review the performance of the CIT in Europe over the past several decades and the important role played by MNEs in European economies. Second, it analyses corporate tax spillovers in Europe with a focus on the channels and magnitudes of both profit shifting and CIT competition. Third, the paper examines the progress made in European CIT coordination and discusses reforms to strengthen the harmonization of corporate tax policies, in order to effectively reduce both tax competition and profit shifting.
Keywords:
Europe; International taxation; Corporate taxation; Multinational corporations; Corporate profits; Tax competition; MNE profits; revenue effect; EU code of conduct; effects of the CCCTB reform; profit shifting; Corporate income tax; Corporate taxes; Competition; Formula apportionment; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
Banks’ Holdings of Government Securities and Credit to the Private Sector in Emerging Market and Developing Economies
Romain Bouis
This paper studies the relationship between banks’ holdings of domestic sovereign securities and credit growth to the private sector in emerging market and developing economies. Higher banks’ holdings of government debt are associated with a lower credit growth to the private sector and with a higher return on assets of the banking sector. Analysis suggests that the negative relationship between banks’ claims on the government and private sector credit growth mainly reflects a portfolio rebalancing of banks towards safer, more liquid public assets in stress times and provides only limited evidence of a crowding-out effect due to financial repression.
Keywords:
WP; return on assets; banks' claim; Sovereign debt; credit growth; bank profitability; nonperforming loans; portfolio rebalancing; financial repression; crowding-out; banks' holding; growth in EMDEs; crowding-out effect; private sector lending; growth to the private sector; credit growth to the private sector; government security holding; Credit; Government securities; Commercial banks; Bank soundness; Sub-Saharan Africa
Cover IMF Working Papers
Where Does Multinational Investment Go with Territorial Taxation? Evidence from the UK
Ms. Li Liu
In 2009, the United Kingdom changed from a worldwide to a territorial tax system, abolishing dividend taxes on foreign repatriation from many low-tax countries. This paper assesses the causal effect of territorial taxation on real investments, using a unique dataset for multinational affiliates in 27 European countries and employing the difference-in-difference approach. It finds that the territorial reform has increased the investment rate of UK multinationals by 15.7 percentage points in low-tax countries. In the absence of any significant investment reduction elsewhere, the findings represent a likely increase in total outbound investment by UK multinationals.
Keywords:
WP; gross investment; tax rate; UK affiliate; retained earnings; foreign direct investment; corporate tax policy; multinational firms; UK multinational; investment by UK; tax country; investment response; Dividend tax; Corporate income tax; Wages; Private investment; Currencies; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
Corporate Sector Vulnerabilities in Ireland
Nir Klein
The paper uses both macro- and micro-level data to assess how has the financial health of the Irish non-financial corporate (NFC) sector changed in the post financial crisis period. The analysis suggests that vulnerabilities have generally declined in recent years, but the NFC sector and especially smaller domestic firms remain vulnerable. A sensitivity analysis indicates that a non-extreme shock, which comprises a decline in profitability and an increase in interest rates, is likely to push many firms into a vulnerable state and that the share of firms with interest cover ratio of lower than one would triple to nearly fifty percent, largely reflecting the deterioration in the financial health of small firms. In such a scenario, the share of risky debt would increase to the level observed during the financial crisis, resulting in a significant increase in new corporate defaults.
Keywords:
WP; firm; interest rate; Corporate sector; financial crisis; leverage; interest rate shock; profit shock; firm size; current ratio; interest expense; firms' interest cover ratio; medium-sized firm; Foreign corporations; Loans; Bank credit; Europe; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Ireland: Financial Sector Assessment Program: Technical Note-Nonbank Sector Stability Analyses
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
This Technical Note discusses the findings and recommendations made in the Financial Sector Assessment Program for Ireland in the areas of nonbank sector stability. Both nonparametric and parametric methods suggest that the residential real estate market in Ireland is close to or moderately below its equilibrium level. Two standard metrics of price-to-income and price-to-rent ratios show that following a protracted period of overvaluation prior to the crisis and a correction afterward, the market has been close to its equilibrium level in recent quarters. Households have deleveraged, but are still highly indebted. The stability analysis results also suggest that vulnerabilities among nonfinancial firms have moderated in recent years.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; interest rate; banking sector; sensitivity analysis; investment funds; negative equity; interest rate shock; long-term debt; household financial assets; primary sector; CRE price; current ratio; Loans; Mortgages; Housing prices; Stocks; Corporate sector; Global; Europe; Markov regime; balance sheet composition of financial assets; Household indebtedness; loss forecasting; liabilities of household; real estate investment trust; evaluation of REE price; Tier 1
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Euro Area Policies: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
This Selected Issues paper assesses the youth unemployment problem in advanced European economies, especially the euro area. Youth unemployment rates increased sharply in the euro area after the crisis. Much of these increases can be explained by output dynamics and the greater sensitivity of youth unemployment to economic activity compared with adult unemployment. Labor market institutions also play an important role, especially the tax wedge, minimum wages, and spending on active labor market policies. The paper highlights that policies to address youth unemployment should be comprehensive and country specific, focusing on reviving growth and implementing structural reforms.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; investment; euro area; youth unemployment; securitization market; investment dynamics; area country; labor market feature; creditor economy; Fiscal stance; Current account; Small and medium enterprises; Securitization; Unemployment; Europe; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
Dismal Employment Growth in EU Countries: The Role of Corporate Balance Sheet Repair and Dual Labor Markets
Mr. Bas B. Bakker
and
Mr. Li Zeng
This paper argues that the large differences among EU countries in post-crisis employment performance are to a large extent driven by the need to adjust corporate balance sheets, which had greatly deteriorated during the boom years in some countries but not in others. To close the large gaps between saving and investment, firms reduced investment and cut costs to boost profits. With much of the cost adjustment falling on firms’ wage bills, employment losses were largest in countries under the most intense pressures to improve corporate profitability and with limited wage flexibility due to labor market duality.
Keywords:
WP; profit; profit share; share; labor market; Employment; saving; debt; firms; employment growth; increase variation; labor market duality; share change; Labor markets; Corporate sector; Wages; Baltics; Global; Europe