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Business and Economics > Corporate Taxation

You are looking at 1 - 8 of 8 items for :

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  • Poland, Republic of x
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Cover IMF Working Papers
Foreign Direct Investment in New Member State of the EU and Western Balkans: Taking Stock and Assessing Prospects
La-Bhus Fah Jirasavetakul
and
Jesmin Rahman
FDI has played a strong role in the export-led growth of eastern European countries that are now members of the European Union (EU). Largely sourced from advanced Europe, FDI inflows were motivated by the intention to pursue new markets and cost efficiency. Over time, foreign investment has restructured the exports sector in these countries in favor of products that are considered more technology-intensive. As these countries face skills shortage and rising wages, what is needed for FDI to continue playing a strong role? Can the Western Balkan countries, who are not yet EU members and have in recent years stepped up financial incentives and policy initiatives to court investors, emulate the experience? This paper takes stock of the FDI experience of both these groups and tries to estimate their potential gains from additional policy efforts.
Keywords:
WP; FDI inflow; WB country; host country; EU accession; EU country; FDI flow; FDI stock; Foreign direct investment; determinants of FDI; catching-up process; EU New Member States; Western Balkans; gravity model; panel analysis; inflow regression; Corporate income tax; Tax holidays; Manufacturing; Stocks; Global; Europe
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Norway: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
This Selected Issues paper examines migration patterns in Norway and their implications for estimates of potential output. It applies a new methodology proposed by Borio and others (2013) to estimate potential output by drawing on information about immigration and oil price movements. The paper also provides an overview of the recent trend in immigration in Norway and discusses various estimates of potential output using standard approaches. The results indicate that immigration plays a small but statistically significant role in the estimation of potential output for Norway. The data show that immigration inflows into Norway vary across source countries. The largest share of immigrants is from Poland, accounting for 15 percent of the total in 2012. Immigration patterns in Norway contain both cyclical and structural elements, but the latter seems dominant at least for now. Empirical results also suggest that immigration plays some role in determining potential output, however, its impact is quite small, consistent with the view that the recent immigration patterns are structural.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; enterprise; HP filter; output gap estimate; mainland GDP output gap; autoregressive output gap term; telecom company; Productivity; Migration; Potential output; Personal income; Corporate income tax; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
Tax and Welfare Reforms in the Czech Republic—Structural Implications and Challenges
Mr. Thomas Dalsgaard
The paper provides an analysis and discussion of key structural implications of the 2007 and 2008 welfare and tax reforms in the Czech Republic. Based on a detailed micro-study of marginal and average effective tax rates for individuals at various points along the earnings curve, it concludes that while incentives to save and invest have improved, work incentives are being severely hampered by high marginal effective tax rates for low- and middle income individuals. The reforms also fail to address the most pressing fiscal concern: to put government finances on a sustainable path.
Keywords:
WP; labor market; tax burden; low income; government spending; tax revenue
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Poland: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper analyzes the use of fiscal rules in Poland and also suggests improvements. The study reviews the income tax reforms, developments in the polish tax system, and discusses the need and scope for public expenditure reform, employment, and the role of reforms of labor market institutions in reducing the unemployment rate. The paper highlights the trend in the saving-investment balance, the major determinants of private saving, and presents the results of a simple econometric analysis based on a panel dataset of selected transition economies.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; government; saving; rate; saving rate; wage; rate reduction; wage growth; privatization strategy; program document; government expenditure projection; personal income; Employment; Private savings; Wages; East Asia; Global; Central and Eastern Europe; Eastern Europe
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Slovak Republic: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper and Statistical Appendix examines external competitiveness and the exchange rate for the Slovak Republic. The paper describes two simple types of competitiveness indicators: (i) real effective exchange rate measures, which examine underlying fundamentals thought to influence external performance; and (ii) indicators of actual export performance. The results suggest that the unfavorable outcomes in the merchandise trade balance and the current account from 1996 to 1998 reflected, at least in part, competitiveness problems. The paper also presents an assessment of banking conditions and the supervision system in the Slovak Republic.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Slovakia; EU imports; GDP; deficit; government; EU import share; EU market; D-Mark unit labor costs; imports from Slovakia; Corporate income tax; Personal income tax; Commercial banks; Western Europe; Middle East; Central and Eastern Europe; North Africa; Baltics; East Africa; Eastern Europe
Cover IMF Working Papers
Excess Wages Tax
Mr. S. Nuri Erbas
and
Mr. Alan A. Tait
Excess wages tax (EWT) is a tax-based incomes policy instrument introduced in many centrally-planned economies and still used in some FSU and Eastern European countries in transition. The main macroeconomic goal of EWT is to curb inflationary pressures by penalizing through taxation the “excessive” wage awards granted by enterprises in the course of wage and price liberalization. In this paper, effects of EWT on the behavior of a profit-maximizing enterprise under monopsony, its incidence on wages and profits, and its impact on inflation are analyzed. The effect of EWT on an enterprise that maximizes workers’ income is also examined with some observations on EWT’s impact on managerial behavior. Finally, recent experience with EWT is assessed and compared to that suggested by the model.
Keywords:
WP; minimum wage; wage bill; wage award; regulation scheme; monopsonist enterprise case; enterprise profits; wage growth; Wages; Minimum wages; Wage adjustments; Corporate income tax; Eastern Europe
Cover IMF Staff Papers
IMF Staff papers: Volume 38 No. 2
International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
The CMEA countries are starting to conduct their trade at world prices and in convertible currencies. These are crucial steps in economic reform but will worsen Eastern Europe’s terms of trade and drive it into current account deficit with the U.S.S.R. Proposals have been made for a payments union, resembling the European Payments Union of 1950–58, to ease the transition. Such an arrangement would not function well if it included the U.S.S.R., which would be a persistent creditor. Other ways must be found to deal with the transition.
Keywords:
SP; monetary policy; trade; CMEA country; Yugoslavia in world economy; price reform; income tax; tax wedge; after-tax rate of return; EC country; Budget planning and preparation; Tax wedge; Privatization; Exchange rates; Consumption; Eastern Europe; Western Europe; Europe; Global; Central and Eastern Europe
Cover IMF Working Papers
Taxation and the Cost of Capital in Hungary and Poland: A Comparison with Selected European Countries
International Monetary Fund
This paper compares the effective rates of taxation faced by a representative investor located in a major capital-exporting country for investments in machinery and buildings in nine capital-importing European countries. Poland and Hungary are found to have relatively high effective tax rates on equity-financed investment. The analysis suggests that both countries would benefit from streamlining capital cost recovery allowances and possibly lowering statutory corporate tax rates—as permitted by the revenue constraint—rather than providing tax preferences for foreign investors.
Keywords:
WP; after-tax rate of return; cost of capital; depreciation rate; equity-financed investment; tax wedge; income tax; tax system; tax burden; nominal interest rate; Tax wedge; Corporate income tax; Corporate taxes; Depreciation; Stocks; Eastern Europe; Central and Eastern Europe