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Business and Economics > Corporate Taxation

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Cover IMF Working Papers
Base Erosion, Profit Shifting and Developing Countries
Ernesto Crivelli
,
Ruud A. de Mooij
, and
Mr. Michael Keen
International corporate tax issues are prominent in public debate, notably with the G20-OECD project addressing Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (‘BEPS’). But while there is considerable empirical evidence for advanced countries on the cross-country fiscal externalities at the heart of these issues, there is almost none for developing countries. This paper uses panel data for 173 countries over 33 years to explore their magnitude and nature, focusing particularly on developing countries and applying a new method to distinguish between spillover effects through real decisions and through avoidance —and quantify the revenue impact of the latter. The results suggest that spillover effects on the tax base are if anything a greater concern for developing countries than for advanced—and a significant one.
Keywords:
WP; Corporate income tax; BEPS; tax avoidance; international taxation; spillover effect; tax haven; simple average; CIT base; rate spillover; profit shifting; competition literature; spillover equation; Average effective tax rate; Spillovers; Caribbean; Sub-Saharan Africa
Cover Policy Papers
Spillovers in International Corporate Taxation
International Monetary Fund
This paper explores the nature, significance and policy implications of spillovers in international corporate taxation—the effects of one country’s rules and practices on others. It complements current initiatives focused on tax avoidance by multinationals, notably the G20-OECD project on Base Erosion and Profit shifting (BEPS). The paper draws on the IMF’s experience on international tax issues with its wide membership, including through technical assistance (TA), and on its previous analytical work, to analyze spillovers and how they might be addressed. In doing so, it goes beyond current initiatives to look at a wide set of possible responses.
Keywords:
PP; double taxation; residence country; tax system; single tax; taxable income; transfer pricing; withholding tax; income tax; cost of capital; companies resident; capital gain; Intra-company debt shifting; Corporate income tax; Corporate taxes; Spillovers; Personal income; Transfer pricing; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Philippines: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
This article is an empirical analysis on tax collections in the Philippines. The tax system is characterized by a rule of tax incentives provided by 13 investment agencies. Tax collections showed regular growth. The GDP ratio increased from 12.1 percent (2009) to 12.8 percent (2012), but the revenue-to-GDP ratio was low to fill large gaps for education, health, and infrastructure; therefore the authorities encompassed the sin taxes (alcohol and tobacco excises). The most important source of income for the Philippines is the labor export. This large-scale labor emigration fetches a sufficient amount of annual inflows of more than 9 percent of GDP.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Philippines; remittance; VAT; excise; remittance inflow; Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas; excise tax tax collection; worker household; elasticity estimate; Tax collection; Corporate income tax; Value-added tax; Personal income tax; Remittances; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Republic of Moldova: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper analyzes the macroeconomic impact of workers’ remittances on Moldova. The paper focuses on Moldova’s labor emigration since the late-1990s using survey data designed to shed light on the economic and social consequences of migration. The survey results are broadly consistent both with the findings from balance-of-payments data and with the stylized facts in the labor migration literature. The paper also examines various indicators to assess the appropriateness of the current exchange rate level.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; enterprise; government; migrant; privatization program; Moldovan migrant; enterprise privatization; remittances inflow; workers' remittance; Migration; Corporate income tax; Remittances; Privatization; Budget planning and preparation; Western Europe; Central and Eastern Europe; Global