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Business and Economics > Corporate Taxation

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Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Ireland: 2019 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Ireland
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
The Irish economy continues to expand strongly, benefitting from higher net exports by multinational enterprises and robust domestic demand. Accelerating wage growth reflects tight labor market conditions and inflation has started to pick up. Crisis legacies have diminished but some vulnerabilities persist. The outlook remains broadly positive, provided Brexit proceeds in an orderly manner. However, the economy operates near full capacity and an accelerating cyclical momentum could re-ignite a boom-bust dynamic. A no-deal Brexit represents the key downside risk, while escalation in global protectionism and sudden changes in corporate tax planning of multinational enterprises in Ireland could adversely affect the economy and public finances.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; government; Ireland; headline inflation; housing supply strategy; central bank of Ireland; liability positions vis-à-vis nonresident; welfare benefits system; IMF staff; potential GDP; Corporate income tax; Housing; Financial sector; Credit; Global; Europe
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Luxembourg: 2018 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Luxembourg
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
This 2018 Article IV Consultation highlights that the economic growth in Luxembourg reached 2.3 percent in 2017, above the European Union average, and was driven by net exports of financial services and private consumption. Growth is projected at 3.5 percent for 2018, with continued strong job creation, and a temporary slowdown in inflation. In 2017, buoyant corporate tax revenues contributed to a fiscal surplus of 1.4 percent of GDP. The full impact of 2016 tax reform, and a continued need for high public investment are expected to result in a small fiscal surplus over the medium-term.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; government; Luxemburg; IP box regime; surplus; liability positions vis-à-vis nonresident; current account surplus; authorities' reform effort; government's commitment; staff appraisal; Mutual funds; Financial Sector Assessment Program; Corporate income tax; Global; Europe
Cover IMF Working Papers
How Buoyant is the Tax System? New Evidence from a Large Heterogeneous Panel
Mr. Paolo Dudine
and
João Tovar Jalles
In this paper we provide short- and long-run tax buoyancy estimates for 107 countries (distributed between advanced, emerging and low-income) for the period 1980–2014. By means of Fully-Modified OLS and (Pooled) Mean Group estimators, we find that: i) for advanced economies both long-run and short-run buoyancies are not different from one; ii) long run tax buoyancy exceeds one in the case of CIT for advanced economies, PIT and SSC in emerging markets, and TGS for low income countries, iii) in advanced countries (emerging market economies) CIT (CIT and TGS) buoyancy is larger during contractions than during times of economic expansions; iv) both trade openness and human capital increase buoyancy while inflation and output volatility decrease it.
Keywords:
WP; tax buoyancy; tax revenue; buoyancy estimate; buoyancies help; tax elasticity; recession; error correction model; pooled mean group; short vs long run; fiscal sustainability; buoyancy coefficient; tax category; Corporate income tax; Personal income tax; Inflation; Emerging and frontier financial markets; Global
Cover Fiscal Monitor, April 2016
Fiscal Monitor, April 2016
Acting Now, Acting Together
International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.

Abstract

The global economy remains fragile at this time. While the recovery in advanced economies is softening, many emerging market and developing economies have experienced a significant economic slowdown, and some large countries show signs of distress. Global risk aversion has risen, and commodity prices have continued to fall since the April 2015 Fiscal Monitor. The weaker outlook and concerns about the ability of policymakers to provide an adequate and swift policy response have amplified downward risks and clouded global prospects. According to this issue of the Fiscal Monitor, the challenging environment calls for a comprehensive policy response to boost growth and reduce vulnerabilities. In particular, it is critical to identify policies that could lift productivity growth by promoting innovation. Fiscal policy can play an important role in stimulating innovation through its effects on research and development, entrepreneurship, and technology transfer.

Keywords:
FM; def; country abbreviation; statistics manual; commodity exporter; potential GDP; middle-income economy; Fiscal stance; Emerging and frontier financial markets; Macroeconomic and fiscal forecasts; Global; Africa; Middle East; North Africa; Europe; Tax incentives; Asia and Pacific; fiscal policy; tax treatment; imputed interest; rate of return; Fiscal risks
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Luxembourg: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
This Selected Issues paper considers features of the Luxembourg tax system that may be susceptible to changes in international tax transparency standards and surveys related policy options. Luxembourg’s predictable and generally low-rate tax system has helped establish it as a leading financial and commercial entrepôt and has supported its fiscal revenues. Its revenue base could, however, be susceptible to changes in the European Union and global tax environment. This paper highlights that to address potential challenges to Luxembourg’s revenue base, the tax policy review should explore selective rate increases and base broadening measures. Moreover, the tax practices should seek to avoid encouraging unnecessary complexity in corporate ownership structures and intragroup financial contracts.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; firm; Luxemburg; bank; holding company; rate; Luxembourg tax policy; Group structure; nonbank company; bank supervisor; EU tax legislation; city state economy; bank shareholder suitability; franchise name; EU energy tax reform; Corporate income tax; Excises; Bank supervision; Value-added tax; Financial sector; Europe
Cover IMF Working Papers
Economic Policies and FDI Inflows to Emerging Market Economies
Ms. Elif C Arbatli Saxegaard
This paper investigates the determinants of FDI inflows to emerging market economies, concentrating on the effects of economic policies. The empirical analysis also addresses the role of external push factors and of political stability using a domestic conflict events database. The results suggest that lowering corporate tax rates and trade tariffs, adopting fixed or managed exchange rate policies and eliminating FDI related capital controls have played an important role. Domestic conflict events and political instability are found to have significant negative effects on FDI, which highlights the role of incluside policies to promote growth and avoid sudden stops of FDI inflows.
Keywords:
WP; FDI inflow; FDI; FDI flow; Emerging Market Economies; Economic Policies; growth rate; country specific pull factors; government stability; major government crisis; government policy; crisis lead; time series; FDI inflows to EME; A. FDI inflow; moving average; Foreign direct investment; Corporate income tax; Emerging and frontier financial markets; Capital account; Real interest rates; Global; Central and Eastern Europe
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Germany: 2011 Article IV Consultation: Staff Report; Public Information Notice on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive Director for Germany
International Monetary Fund
Germany’s economic growth and recovery from the global crisis are explained in this study. Tax, education, and innovation policies are specific measures supported by the authorities. External and financial shocks received by Germany and other outward spillovers are outlined. Germany has a high current account and international assets. From a long-term perspective, rebalancing of public finances to promote growth is desirable. Stress tests are conducted to confirm the capital buffers. Finally, the banking system of Germany reflects significant policy measures and economic recovery.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; financing; authority; Three-Pillar banking system; demand; Rebounding export market share; government finance; deposit guarantee schemes regime; current account; financial system; consumption-savings proportion; budget consolidation in Germany; Commercial banks; Cooperative banks; Global; Europe
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Canada: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund
This Selected Issues paper reviews empirical evidence on the main determinants of the real bilateral exchange rate between the Canadian and the U.S. dollars, with particular emphasis on the role played by cyclical and longer-term economic factors. The paper aims to identify the nature of the shocks that have contributed to the recent downward trend in the Canadian dollar. The analysis shows that fluctuations in the real bilateral exchange rate can be explained reasonably well by its long-term fundamentals. The paper also analyzes inflation and the natural rate of unemployment in Canada.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Canada's official development assistance; Canada; Canada's ODA priority; tax rate; Canada Phillips-curve regression; objective of Canada's ODA; personal income tax system; Corporate income tax; Real exchange rates; Personal income; Personal income tax; North America; Central and Eastern Europe; Africa; Asia and Pacific