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Business and Economics > Public Finance

You are looking at 1 - 10 of 330 items for :

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Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Samoa: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
2024 Selected Issues
Keywords:
money transfer operator; sectoral risk assessment; Australia labour mobility; transaction report; remittance corridor; risk remittance product; Remittances; Anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT); Medium taxpayer office; Correspondent banking; Financial sector; Australia and New Zealand; Pacific Islands; Global
Cover Technical Assistance Reports
Georgia: Technical Assistance Report-Cyber Risk: Regulation, Supervision and Testing
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
The technical mission aimed to strengthen the cyber risk regulation and supervision, and testing for the National Bank of Georgia (NBG). The mission focused on (i) an assessment of NBG’s cyber risk regulation, (ii) an assessment of cyber risk supervisory arrangements of NBG, (iii) assisting in the development of a cyber testing framework, and (iv) assisting in the development of a methodology for cyber exercising and stress testing. The mission found that cyber risk regulations including incident reporting requirements are in place, but gaps remain. Cyber risk supervision practices need improvements and more focus on supervisory priorities. Information sharing practices within the financial sector require strengthening. Cyber testing and exercises are an area where significant improvements are needed. Overall, the mission found that the NBG would benefit with an overarching cyber strategy for its financial sector.
Keywords:
Cyber risk regulation; cybersecurity supervision; cyber testing; incident reporting; information sharing; Georgia; Central Bank.; offsite supervision activity; cybersecurity strategy; request of the National Bank of Georgia; information security Act; cybersecurity risk management regulation; Cyber risk; Financial sector; Commercial banks; Operational risk; Auditing; Global
Cover High-Level Summary Technical Assistance Reports
Burkina Faso: Report on Government Finance Statistics Mission (March 18–29, 2024)
International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept.
This technical assistance (TA) mission report is on government finance statistics (GFS) and public sector debt statistics (PSDS). The mission worked on improving the GFS of the consolidation of the general government sector, the extension of GFS coverage to include state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and on improving debt statistics. This mission is part of the implementation workplan of the Regional Technical Assistance Center of the International Monetary Fund for West Africa (AFRITAC West) and was partly funded by the Data for Decisions (D4D) Fund aimed at enhancing data quality to better inform economic policies in low- and middle-income countries.
Keywords:
General government; government finance statistics; public debt; public sector debt statistics; SOEs; government finance statistics mission; mission report; capacity development recipient; data quality; TOFE team; Financial statements; Business enterprises
Cover Policy Papers
Implementing Board-Endorsed Recommendations From The 2024 External Evaluation Of The Fund’s Independent Evaluation Office (IEO)
International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
This paper describes implementation steps related to the board-endorsed recommendations from the Fourth External Evaluation of the Fund's Independent Evaluation Office (The Garcia Silva Report). The Garcia Silva Report brought recommendations in six areas to further improve the IEO’s relevance and effectiveness: (i) Undertaking Early-Stage Evaluations, (ii) Review the IEO’s HR Policy, (iii) Topic Selection, (iv) IEO Product Line, (v) Follow-up process, and (vi) Joint evaluations with other International Financial Institutions' evaluators. Recommendations (i-iv) fall under the IEO’s purview, and recommendation (vi) was not endorsed by the Executive Board. Therefore, this paper focuses on staff’s proposals to enhance the ownership in implementation and the follow-up of Board-endorsed IEO recommendations (recommendation v).
Keywords:
Management Implementation Plan; External Evaluation of the Independent Evaluation Office (IEO); 2024 External Evaluation Report of the IEO; The Garcia Silva Report; IEO product line; IEO Director; transparency policy; evaluation Policy; IEO recommendation; Multilateral development institutions; Auditing; Absorptive capacity; Crisis management; Global
Cover Technical Assistance Reports
Republic of Armenia: Technical Assistance Report-Corporate Income Tax Gap Prediction 2023 Based on Corporate Income Tax Returns
International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
This report presents estimates of predictions of the Corporate Income Tax (CIT) gap for Armenia for 2023. The predicted CIT Gap is based on not-yet audited tax returns. The CIT gap is predicted to be 25.5 to 34.1 percent of potential CIT liability in 2023.
Keywords:
Predicted Corporate Income Tax Gap; Bottom-up approach; Not-yet audited tax returns; Heckman Sample Selection model; Republic of Armenia.; CIT gap; CIT gap estimate; IMF team; gap analysis; IMF short term expert; Corporate income tax; Auditing; Business enterprises; Tax gap; Tax audit performance measurement
Cover Technical Assistance Reports
Republic of Armenia: Technical Assistance Report-Corporate Income Tax Gap Estimation Based on Operational Audits
International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
This report presents estimates of the Corporate Income Tax (CIT) gap for Armenia for the period 2020–2022. The CIT gap is based on a bottom-up approach using operational audits. The average CIT gap in Armenia is estimated at 26.4-35.2 percent of potential CIT liability.
Keywords:
Republic of Armenia; Corporate Income Tax Gap; Bottom-up approach; Operational audits; Heckman Sample Selection model; Machine learning model; Select cases for future audits.; CIT Gap; CIT gap estimate; A. CIT gap result; CIT gap; Corporate income tax; Auditing; Income; Tax audit performance measurement; Business enterprises
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Union of the Comoros: Second Review under the Extended Credit Facility Arrangement and Request for a Waiver of Nonobservance of Performance Criterion-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for the Union of Comoros
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
This paper presents Union of Comoros’ Second Review under the Extended Credit Facility (ECF) Arrangement and Request for a Waiver of Nonobservance of Performance Criterion. Performance under Comoros’s economic reform program continues to be broadly satisfactory, and the authorities remain committed to the economic policies and reforms underpinning the ECF-supported program. Reforms are beginning to bear fruit, with visible signs of macroeconomic stabilization. However, Comoros continues to face the challenges of a small, fragile island state which requires steadfast program implementation and continued support from international partners. Monetary policy has contained inflation and ensured sufficient external buffers for Comoros and the stability of the peg. Continued efforts to stabilize the financial sector, including through the restructuring of the state-owned postal bank, addressing credit quality in the banking system, and strengthening banking supervision and resolution capacities are welcome. Support from international partners continues to be important for addressing the country’s large development needs and climate-related risks.
Keywords:
Comorian authorities; Union of the Comoros' Extended Credit Facility; government liquidity; customs administrations IT management systems; ECF arrangement; Arrears; Credit; Government debt management; East Africa; West Africa; Global; Middle East
Cover Technical Notes and Manuals
The Case for (and Against) Asset Management Companies in Banking Crises
Miguel A Otero Fernandez
,
Jaime Ponce
,
Marc C Dobler
, and
Tomoaki Hayashi
This technical note explores the advantages and disadvantages of establishing state-sponsored centralized asset management companies (AMCs) to address high levels of bank asset distress during financial crises. AMCs may offer potential benefits like mitigating downward price spirals or achieving efficiency gains by consolidating creditor claims and scarce expertise. However, significant risks and costs warrant careful consideration. These include extreme uncertainties in asset valuation and substantial operational and financial risks. Past international experiences highlight the dangers of underestimating these risks, potentially turning the AMC into a mechanism for deferring losses to taxpayers, rather than minimizing them, and ultimately increasing long-term public costs and moral hazard. This technical note emphasizes these trade-offs and discusses crucial design elements for effective AMCs: a clear mandate, transfer pricing that prudently reflects asset values and disposal costs, strong governance with independent management, and efficient operational processes promoting transparency and accountability.
Keywords:
Asset Management Company (AMC); Bank resolution; Financial Crisis; Financial regulation and supervision; Problem Asset Resolution; Non-performing Loans; Bank restructuring.; asset price spiral; centralized asset management companies; give borrower; AMC need; AMC debt; bank asset distress; resolution strategy; recovery value; asset characteristic; Asset management companies; Distressed assets; Nonperforming loans; Asset valuation; Loans; Global
Cover Technical Assistance Reports
The Bahamas: Technical Assistance Report-Domestic Local Currency Bond Market Development
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
The Bahamas has a strong foundation for developing the local currency bond market (LCBM), benefitting from macroeconomic stability, and favorable fiscal and borrowing plans. The government views domestic capital market development as crucial for rebuilding economic buffers and fostering financial market development. An IMF/CARTAC a technical assistance mission visited The Bahamas in March 2023 to support the LCBM development. The mission assessed the current stage of the sovereign debt market and formulated policy recommendations for each of the six building blocks outlined in the Guidance Note for Developing Local Currency Bond Markets. Key findings highlighted significant potential to shift funding from non-concessional external borrowing to the domestic bond market, which would facilitate a more robust yield curve and deeper benchmark issuances. The mission’s key recommendations were: • Transition to a competitive auction system, allowing market prices to clear a fixed volume on offer; • Enhance communication with market participants, including through a formal investor relations strategy, and with relevant stakeholders to improve credibility, transparency, and investor appetite; and • Implement reforms sequentially, initially focusing on eliminating the most critical bottlenecks to market development.
Keywords:
investor base; government securities registry; market outcome; market development; Bahamas government securities depository; money market issuance; Government securities; Government debt management; Securities markets; Securities; Treasury bills and bonds; Global
Cover Analytical Notes
Guidance Note For Developing Government Local Currency Bond Markets
International Monetary Fund
and
World Bank
This guidance note was prepared by International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank Group staff under a project undertaken with the support of grants from the Financial Sector Reform and Strengthening Initiative, (FIRST).The aim of the project was to deliver a report that provides emerging market and developing economies with guidance and a roadmap in developing their local currency bond markets (LCBMs). This note will also inform technical assistance missions in advising authorities on the formulation of policies to deepen LCBMs.
Keywords:
AN; market development; repo market; investor base; reverse repo; government securities; price discovery; banking sector; market-making privilege; market regulation; market fragmentation; repo market development; market infrastructure; Government securities; Securities; Bonds; Securities markets; Government debt management; Global; Africa; East Asia; currency bond markets; IMF expert; government bond market development; bond market reform plans; government debt market; bond market Association; IMF Library; Yield curve; Southeast Asia; Money markets