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Business and Economics > Public Finance

You are looking at 1 - 10 of 804 items for :

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Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Qatar: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
2024 Selected Issues
Keywords:
AI readiness; AI adoption; B. Qatar's progress; artificial intelligence in Qatar; innovation policy; Export diversification; Capital spending; Exports; Human capital; Global; Middle East; Eastern Europe; Europe
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Thailand: 2024 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Thailand
International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Thailand’s cyclical recovery is underway, though it has yet to become broad-based. Growth is projected to accelerate moderately, reaching 2.7 percent in 2024 and 2.9 percent in 2025, supported by the rebound of tourism-related activities and fiscal stimulus. The slow recovery, weaker than in ASEAN peers, is rooted in Thailand’s longstanding structural weaknesses and emerging headwinds that also contribute to a muted inflation trajectory. Significant uncertainty in the external environment and downside risks cloud the outlook.
Keywords:
inflation expectation; inflationtargeting monetary policy framework; supply and use tables; monetary policy analysis; Thai baht; Trade balance; Inflation; Credit; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Chile: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept.
2024 Selected Issues
Keywords:
input-output linkage; housing wealth effect; growth slowdown; real estate sector; risk assessment; Pension spending; Exports; Mortgages; Loans; Global; Eastern Europe
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe: Request for an Arrangement Under the Extended Credit Facility-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
The people of São Tomé and Príncipe (STP), a small fragile island state, have faced extraordinary challenges. STP continues to struggle with high fuel import needs, limited export potential, and depleted international reserves, and faced a massive balance of payments (BOP) shock in early 2023, which opened a large external financing gap. Inflation was stubbornly high in 2023 and the economy barely grew, dragged down by foreign exchange and energy shortages, as well as a large fiscal adjustment. Growth is projected to remain sluggish in 2024, while inflation has started to decline.
Keywords:
tariff structure; staff appraisal; fuel price adjustment mechanism; electricity tariff; ECF arrangement; Arrears; Debt sustainability; Imports; Global; West Africa; Europe
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
United Republic of Tanzania: Fourth Review Under the Extended Credit Facility Arrangement and First Review Under the Resilience and Sustainability Facility Arrangement -Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for the United Republic of Tanzania
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
This paper presents IMF’s Fourth Review under the Extended Credit Facility (ECF) Arrangement and First Review under the Resilience and Sustainability Facility (RSF) Arrangement for Tanzania. Economic growth momentum is picking up in 2024 with improved external and fiscal balances, low inflation within the central bank’s target, and easing pressures in the foreign exchange market. Tanzania’s economic reform program supported by the ECF arrangement remained on track. Structural reforms are essential to promote private sector development and inclusive, resilient, and sustainable growth. Business reforms should focus on removing obstacles to foreign investment, simplifying the regulatory regime, enhancing governance and regulatory transparency, and improving public policy predictability. The authorities are committed to continue implementing reforms to preserve macro-financial stability, promote sustainable and inclusive growth, advance structural reforms, and address the risks and challenges associated with climate change, supported by the ECF and RSF arrangements.
Keywords:
IMF-World Bank; ECF arrangement; interest rate; IMF RSF; ECF program; Trade balance; Credit; Arrears; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Somalia: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
This Selected Issues the state of educational attainment in Somalia and explores the potential growth dividends from increasing access to education and closing gender gaps in education. Somalia experienced significant loss in human capital over two decades of civil strife. Education outcomes in Somalia are among of the lowest in the world, and even worse for women. It will be important that Somalia sets strong foundations for building its education system and expanding access to education, while mobilizing the resources to do so, with continued support from international partners. The paper recommends that Somali authorities gradually increase education spending, by mobilizing both domestic and external resources. Model estimates show that increasing education access to the level of Low Human Development countries and closing gender gaps could raise real gross domestic product by close to 40 percent over the next 25 years. Given extremely limited resources and capacity, Somalia will need to carefully prioritize policies that can deliver near-term wins as it gradually develops its public education system. Improving access and quality of education will require greater resources, supported by additional domestic revenues and sustained support from development partners.
Keywords:
satellite imagery data; EAC accession; sensor data; Somalia's integration; partner States; D. policy priority; satellite data; Pensions; Civil service; Gender inequality; Customs unions; Global; Sub-Saharan Africa; East Africa; Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Benin: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
This Selected Issues paper presents stylized facts on Benin’s ongoing economic transformation, and analyzes the country’s new eco-system. A recent IMF paper explores conditions under which the country’s industrial policy could meet its intended goals while avoiding unintended economic distortions down the road. While economic diversification is found to be associated with higher economic growth, evidence on the causal impact of industrial policies is hard to establish. While empirical evidence suggests that Benin’s reliance on traditional sectors, notably the Port of Cotonou, is moderating, economic diversification remains limited. The government embarked on industrial policy with the transformation of local commodities as main engine, including via the launching of a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in 2020. It is recommending that the authorities should pursue efforts to ensure transparency in the selection of SEZ-related incentives. Intra-regional trade integration holds significant potential for Benin and could support economic diversification. Ongoing post-electoral policy shifts in Nigeria and formalization underway of economic ties between both nations, if permanent, would curb rent-seeking in Benin.
Keywords:
demographics dividend; B. addressing Internet accessibility; infrastructure investment; Beninese government; completion rate; Digitalization; Exports; Global; Sub-Saharan Africa; West Africa
Cover High-Level Summary Technical Assistance Reports
Islamic Republic of Mauritania: Customs diagnostic and needs assessment mission
Robert Kokoli
,
Mourad Arfaoui
, and
Genc Celi
The Ministry of Finance has developed the Public Finance Reform Master Plan 2021-2025 (SD-RFP 2021-2025), which aims to set strategic orientations for reforms and operational guidelines for their implementation over a five-year period. The masterplan includes objectives for the General Directorate of Customs (GDC) reform, focusing on revising customs law, enhancing revenue collection, and combating fraud.
Keywords:
Customs function; Customs automation; Customs procedures; Strategic management; Enforcement; Customs diagnostic; Needs assessment mission; customs law; post-clearance audit; Trade liberalization; Trade agreements; Post-clearance customs audit
Cover La aduana, una institución clave
La aduana, una institución clave
Fortaleciendo la administración aduanera en un mundo de cambios
Augusto Azael Pérez Azcárraga
,
Tadatsugu Matsudaira
,
Gilles Montagnat-Rentier
,
Janos Nagy
, and
R. James Clark

Abstract

Las administraciones de aduanas ven surgir nuevos retos a medida que aumenta el volumen del comercio internacional, aparece nueva tecnología y cambian los modelo de negocio. Este libro analiza los cambios y desafíos que enfrentan las administraciones de aduanas y propone formas de abordarlos. Describe los problemas que las autoridades deben tener en cuenta a la hora de elaborar su propia hoja de ruta para la modernización de las aduanas.

Keywords:
aduana; cumplimiento tributario; recaudación de impuestos; evasión fiscal; facilitación del comercio; gestión del riesgo aduanero; seguridad de fronteras; comercio; regímenes fiscales; política comercial; ingreso tributario; operadores comerciales; modernización de la aduana; tecnologías digitales; economía del sector público; administración pública; finanzas públicas; desarrollo económico; avances tecnológicos
Cover IMF Working Papers
Productive Capacities, Economic Vulnerability and Growth Volatility in Sub-Saharan Africa
Aminou Yaya
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries, like most developing countries, face major challenges to achieve strong, sustainable, and inclusive growth with the view to reduce significantly persistent poverty and inequality. Many of these challenges results from a high level of economic vulnerability due to simultaneous shocks, notably the Covid-19 pandemic, climate change and the multiplicity of armed conflicts. Hence the need to study policies and means of strengthening economic resilience to shocks. This paper analyzes the effects of productive capacities on the volatility of economic growth in SSA countries when faced with significant vulnerability. The study covers the period 2000-2018 for 43 SSA countries. Using Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), the results show that economic vulnerability contributes to growth volatility in SSA. However, this effect varies according to the performance of productive capacities. Countries with high productive capacities have greater opportunities to mitigate the effect of economic vulnerability on growth volatility. Some specific dimensions of productive capacities (Institutions, ICT) seem to matter more than others. The results of this study provide important recommendations to policy makers.
Keywords:
Productive capacities; economic vulnerability; growth volatility; estimation methodology; Real GDP growth in SSA; i. sensitivity; Human capital; Export diversification; Exports; Sub-Saharan Africa; Caribbean; Africa