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Business and Economics > Investments: Stocks

You are looking at 1 - 10 of 14 items for :

  • Type: Journal Issue x
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Cover IMF Working Papers
Measuring Multinational Production with Foreign Direct Investment Statistics: Recent Trends, Challenges, and Developments
Bruno Casella
,
Maria Borga
, and
Mr. Konstantin Wacker
In a complex global production landscape, the quest for measures of economic activity by multinational enterprises (MNEs) has become more pressing. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) statistics, which capture financing aspects of MNEs, have often been used as a proxy for multinational production given their wide availability and cross-country comparability, but concerns that multinational production occurs in different countries than where financial positions are recorded call this practice into question. This paper revisits the main objections to the use of FDI as a proxy for multinational production, explores counterarguments, and provides guidance on the use of FDI statistics to measure multinational production.
Keywords:
FDI; multinational production; multinational enterprises; foreign affiliates; FDI statistics; FDI data; conduit FDI; FDI stock; Foreign direct investment; Special purpose vehicle; Stocks; Offshore financial centers; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
The Kingdom of the Netherlands—Netherlands: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
This Selected Issues papers provide details of the sources and uses of the non-financial corporation saving and highlights the role of multinational corporations (MNCs). The paper also discusses the implications to the external sector assessment and policy recommendations. The large Dutch international investment position reflects its status as an international corporate center. The study shows that large trade surpluses and small primary income balances are consistent with the dominance of MNCs in the Netherlands’ external positions. Separating MNCs’ activities from the Dutch current account for the external sector assessment is expected to help identify underlying policy distortions. Separating MNCs’ activities would help identify imbalances of other economic sectors. The small and medium enterprises are stagnant and remain financially constrained. Small household net saving hides the fact that households are still highly leveraged, and their consumption constrained by a stagnating disposable income. Therefore, improving statistics and separating MNCs’ activities from both internal and external accounts would help identify domestic policy distortions and address imbalances effectively.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Netherlands; saving; firm; GDP; pension scheme; gross saving; investment-saving ratio; NFCS' saving-investment balance; dividend payout; pillar pension schemes; government net; Self-employment; Pension spending; Pensions; Pension reform; Income; Global; Europe
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
France: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
This Selected Issues paper focuses on various aspects of corporate debt in France. The increase in debt has financed real investments, as well as acquisition of financial assets and extension of intercompany loans. The increase in debt (and its level) appears less worrisome when debt is consolidated among nonfinancial corporations. Despite the increase in the stock of debt, debt service has increased moderately. A cross-country regression analysis reveals that French publicly listed firms are on average not more indebted and have not increased their debt more than peers in other countries, after controlling for firm and sector characteristics as well as common time effects. However, the increase in debt is concentrated among large firms with sizeable leverage in a few industries, raising questions about these firms’ ability to service this debt when interest rates rise. Stress test scenarios of a large and sudden increase in interest rates suggest that corporate debt at risk could be significant at a macroeconomic level, but that cash buffers would mitigate the impact of the shock on debt service.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; firm; government; debt stock; training; firm level; railway company; macron government; utility company; state innovation; government plan; Bonds; Stocks; Currencies; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Belgium: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
This Selected Issues paper analyzes productivity growth in Belgium. It highlights that Belgium’s subdued productivity growth can be explained by a combination of sectoral employment shifts, barriers to competition, the declining quality of infrastructure, and an aging workforce. The shift of employment toward lower productivity service sectors, common to many advanced economies, has been more pronounced in Belgium and explains half of the productivity gap with neighboring countries. Population aging is another secular factor that has contributed to the productivity slowdown. In addition, barriers to competition in some service sectors have lowered productivity growth and raised rents in these sectors.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; GDP; public Investment; productivity growth; frontloaded investment boost; productivity slowdown; productivity-enhancing reform option; firms total factor productivity; Productivity; Public investment spending; Labor productivity; Total factor productivity; Infrastructure; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
Asymmetries in the Coordinated Direct Investment Survey: What Lies Behind?
Emma Angulo
and
Alicia Hierro
This paper analyzes asymmetries in direct investment positions reported in the Coordinated Direct Investment Survey (CDIS) following a top down approach. First, it examines asymmetries at global level; second, it examines asymmetries between CDIS reported and derived data for individual economies; and third, the paper analyzes data at bilateral economy level. Then, the paper explores seven main reasons for asymmetries, including those arising even when economies follow international standards. Finally, the paper includes a section on addressing bilateral asymmetries and concludes with specific planned actions to reduce asymmetries, including initiatives led by international organizations.
Keywords:
WP; investment position; enterprise; economy; CDIS; Direct Investment; Bilateral Asymmetries; counterpart economy; direct investment position; equity investment; ultimate investing economy; reporting economy; enterprise survey; conduit company; reporting enterprise; compilation system; enterprise group; economy breakdown; Foreign direct investment; Securities; Special purpose vehicle; Stocks; International investment position; Global; Africa
Cover The Coordinated Direct Investment Survey Guide 2015
The Coordinated Direct Investment Survey Guide 2015
Miss Rita Mesias

Abstract

This Coordinated Direct Investment Survey Guide (Guide) has been prepared to assist economies in participating in the Coordinated Direct Investment Survey (CDIS). The CDIS is being conducted under the auspices of the Statistics Department of the IMF across a wide range of economies. The survey is conducted simultaneously by all participating economies; uses consistent definitions; and encourages best practices in collecting, compiling, and disseminating data on direct investment positions. The CDIS is thus an important tool in capturing world totals and the geographic distribution of direct investment positions, thereby contributing to important new understandings of the extent of globalization, and improving the overall quality of direct investment data worldwide. As of the writing of this updated Guide, more than 100 economies participate in the CDIS.

Keywords:
M&G; background color; country currency; reported data; Dem. rep.; enterprise B; McDonald island; Foreign direct investment; Securities; Stocks; Nonbank financial institutions; International investment position; Global; South America; Central America; East Asia; North Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; Pacific Islands; position data; CDIS data; equity investment assets; investment fund share; Business enterprises
Cover Integrating Europe's Financial Markets
Integrating Europe's Financial Markets
Mr. Jörg Decressin
,
Mr. Wim Fonteyne
, and
Mr. Hamid Faruqee

Abstract

By and large, EU financial integration has been a success story. Still, the reform agenda is far from finished. What are the remaining challenges? What are the gains of closer financial market integration? This IMF book tracks the European Union's journey along the path to a single financial market and identifies the challenges and priorities that remain ahead. It pays particular attention to the most recent integration efforts in the European Union following the introduction of the euro. The study looks at the importance of financial integration, in particular for economic growth, the interplay between banks and markets, and equity market integration. It closely examines the relationship between financial integration and financial stability. This interaction presents the European Union with a challenge, but also with the opportunity to play a pioneering role in developing a regional approach to financial stability that could provide lessons for the rest of the world.

Keywords:
BOOK; market; EU country; bank; EU bank; market infrastructure; EU financial system; risk profile; bank business; bank distance to default; Herfindahl index; Stock markets; Financial sector stability; Financial integration; Competition; Europe; Central and Eastern Europe; Global; Asia and Pacific; Caribbean
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Suriname: Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Suriname; joint stock; net; IMF staff estimate; Surinam rice operation; burger Luchtvaart Autoriteit Suriname; unit value; Sur. zwembond; Suriname authorities; Public sector; Agroindustries; Transportation; Stocks; Western Hemisphere
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Switzerland: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund
This paper reviews the trade-offs in Switzerland, focusing on challenges for fiscal policy coordination. It reviews the benefits and costs of a highly decentralized government, describes the Swiss institutional architecture, and analyzes Switzerland’s fiscal performance. It also discusses the specific policy challenges related to population aging, reviews the Swiss National Bank works on government financial assets and liabilities, describes the Swiss, Dutch, and the U.K. pension systems, respectively, on the regulation and supervision of the occupational pension pillar, recent reforms, and policy implications.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; balance sheet; public sector balance sheet; balance sheet data; government; proceeds; General government financial assets; government level; output gap; funding ratio; equity holding; General government expenditure; public goods; Pension spending; Pensions; Fiscal stance; Global; Baltics
Cover Risk Management and the Pension Fund industry
Risk Management and the Pension Fund industry
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department

Abstract

This paper looks at the longer-term challenges pension funds face as population age and key issues to address to enhance their risk management practices and their role as long-term investors. The paper focuses primarily on Japan, the Netherlands, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States, where funded pension plans are most developed. The size of pension savings in these countries, their projected growth, and the recent development of funded pension schemes in other countries highlight the fast-growing importance of pension funds for international capital markets and to financial stability.

Keywords:
GFSR; investment strategy; asset allocation; pension assets; fixed income; fair value; liability matching; sponsor company; Pension spending; Pensions; Stocks; Aging; Bonds; Global; Europe; North America