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Business and Economics > Insurance

You are looking at 1 - 7 of 7 items for :

  • Type: Journal Issue x
  • Unemployment x
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Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Slovak Republic: 2015 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Slovak Republic
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
This 2015 Article IV Consultation highlights that Slovakia remains among Europe’s stronger economies, with growth continuing to pick up in 2015, driven by strong domestic demand. A push to spend expiring European Union funds has underpinned rising investment while job creation and real wage growth have supported private consumption. Unemployment has fallen significantly since 2013, but is still about 11 percent overall, and is much higher for the long-term unemployed, youth, and women. The outlook is favorable with growth of 3–3.5 percent expected through the medium-term, reflecting sustained domestic demand as well as further contributions from the important export sector as substantial additional foreign auto sector investment is planned.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; energy company Enel; energy company; ente nazionale per l'energia elettrica; student housing cost; carmaker Jaguar Land Rover; energy company EPH; staff appraisal; Labor markets; Unemployment; Loans; Europe; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
France: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
This Selected Issues paper analyzes expenditure reforms in France. After decades of rising public spending and successive tax increases, the medium-term fiscal consolidation path described in the 2015 Stability Program is now fully expenditure based. However, recent efforts of nominal spending containment have not delivered the intended savings in the context of low growth and inflation. A thorough review of the efficiency of public spending could help prepare more fundamental reforms of spending programs and processes to underpin a lasting reduction in expenditures, which reached a record high of 57.2 percent of GDP in 2014.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; center; local government; product market reform; bank; pay; product market regulation; social spending; growth ceiling; targeted expenditure review; Labor markets; Employment; Minimum wages; Unemployment; Europe; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Lebanon: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
This Selected Issues paper analyzes the various transmission channels of the Syrian crisis—though quantification is hampered by the lack of reliable data—with focus on the impact on fiscal performance and labor markets; it also takes stock of international donor efforts to date. The paper also provides overviews of main effects on Lebanon’s economy, the expenditure pressures associated with the refugee presence, the impact on poverty and inequality, and the added strains on labor markets. A section of the paper describes the response by the international community to help Lebanon cope with the Syrian crisis. Absent additional international support, the needs of both refugees and affected Lebanese communities will not be met. Sound government policies—including implementation of a concerted policy framework to deal with refugee issues and a commitment to fiscal discipline—will send credible signals to donors and help mobilize budget support. Tackling the unprecedented refugee crisis requires strong international support. There has been a large international humanitarian response, but much more is needed.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; refugee; Lebanon; natural resources; stock market; refugee influx; revenue; stock exchange; resource revenue; influx scenario; refugee crisis; Fiscal stance; Stock markets; Fiscal governance; Labor markets; Middle East; Europe; Asia and Pacific; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
Search in the Labor Market under Imperfectly Insurable Income Risk
Mr. Mauro F Roca
This paper develops a general equilibrium model with unemployment and noncooperative wage determination to analyze the importance of incomplete markets when risk-averse agents are subject to idiosyncratic employment shocks. A version of the model calibrated to the U.S. shows that market incompleteness affects individual behavior and aggregate conditions: it reduces wages and unemployment but increases vacancies. Additionally, the model explains the average level of unemployment insurance observed in the U.S. A key mechanism is the joint influence of imperfect insurance and risk aversion in the wage bargaining. The paper also proposes a novel solution to solve this heterogeneous-agent model.
Keywords:
WP; unemployment insurance; labor market; replacement ratio
Cover IMF Working Papers
Work Absence in Europe
Mr. Leo Bonato
and
Ms. Lusine Lusinyan
Work absence is an important part of the individual decision on actual working hours. This paper focuses on sickness absence in Europe and develops a stylized model where absence is part of the labor-leisure decision made by workers and the production decision made by profit-maximizing firms, with insurance provisions and labor market institutions affecting the costs of absence. The results from a panel of 18 European countries indicate that absence is increased by generous insurance schemes where employers bear little responsibility for their costs. Shorter working hours reduce absence, but flexible working arrangements are preferable if labor supply erosion is a concern.
Keywords:
WP; sickness absence; labor force; sick pay; labor market; unemployment insurance; working time; social insurance; panel data; Europe; absence rate; employment protection; sickness insurance; Insurance; Employment protection; Labor supply; Unemployment benefits
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Belgium: Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund
Belgium has effected a remarkable fiscal adjustment, best illustrated by the decline in its public debt. While benefiting from an appreciable decline in interest rates, most of the underlying consolidation reflected a considerable increase in the tax burden, one of the highest in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. This paper analyzes the social transfer system in Belgium. Belgium has a very accessible and equitable health care system. The system is characterized by high input levels and service volumes.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Belgium; employment rate; wage; growth norm; health spending; D. employment Policy; system performance; Health care spending; Health care; Employment; Unemployment; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Netherlands: Statistical Appendix
International Monetary Fund
In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; Netherlands; business sector; staff estimate; percent share; summary balance of payments; factor cost; employment scheme; labor cost indicator; gross investment; Employment; Wages; Public sector; Income