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Business and Economics > Insurance

You are looking at 1 - 10 of 18 items for :

  • Type: Journal Issue x
  • Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill x
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Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Trinidad and Tobago: Technical Assistance Report-Strengthening Cybersecurity in Financial Institutions
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
This technical note evaluates strengthening cybersecurity in financial institutions of Trinidad and Tobago. The deliverables included a capacity-building seminar on regulation of cyber risk. The Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago identified the need for filling regulatory gaps and desires to issue a focused guideline on cybersecurity covering governance, risk management, incident reporting, and cyber hygiene, and intends to develop a draft guideline for consultation with its regulated institutions in the first quarter of 2023. Supervisory arrangements for Information and Communication Technology/cyber risks need further improvements and resource constraints within Financial Institutions Supervision Department need to be addressed urgently. The Identity and Access Management project has been formally set up and is now in Phase 1, which is considered preparatory. The governance of the project, the high-level roadmap, and the deliverables for Phase 1 are generally in line with good practices. It is recommended to establish regular cybersecurity meetings and reporting regime at the Board level with the participation of the Head of IT Security.
Keywords:
cybersecurity governance; Cybersecurity governance assessment; cybersecurity policy; control environment; pension firm; Cyber risk; Pensions; Insurance; Payment systems; Financial sector; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
France: Financial Sector Assessment Program-Technical Note-Issues in Insurance Supervision and Regulation
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
This technical note focuses on issues in insurance supervision and regulation on France. France has a very high level of insurance penetration, particularly for life insurance. For each insurance company, a risk assessment is undertaken on at least an annual basis and is recorded in a supervisory review process tool. French insurance companies are significant users of the Volatility Adjustment (VA), with companies representing more than 90 percent of the technical provisions in the French insurance industry using the VA. The report discusses that French authorities should advocate to the relevant EU authorities to introduce a minimum number of independent members of the Administrative Management or Supervisory Boards, at least one-third. Autorité de Contrôle Prudentiel et de Résolution should review the intensity and frequency of on-site supervision and its relationship to off-site supervision. With several other meetings with insurance companies possible, some of these meetings may be close to be called as focused on-site inspections.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; insurer; France; life insurance; insurance premium; life insurance insurance company; insurance market; industry representative; Solvency II; life insurer; parent bank; twenty-five solo insurance companies; SCR Ratios; Insurance companies; Insurance; Solvency; Liquidity risk; Financial conglomerates; Europe
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
France: Financial Sector Assessment Program-Technical Note-Risk Analysis of Banking and Insurance Sector
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
This technical note presents risk analysis of banking and insurance sector in France. The assessment is based on stress tests, which simulate the health of banks, insurers under severe yet plausible (counterfactual) adverse scenarios. The stress tests reveal that banks and insurers would be resilient against simulated shocks, although some challenges remain. French banks have improved their capitalization and asset quality; however, profitability remains challenged. The report also highlights that profitability is pressured on both the income and expense sides. Banks’ ability to generate higher interest income is constrained by persistently low interest rates, and market businesses including trading activities have contracted in recent years. Growth-at-risk (GaR) analysis shows that the biggest contributing factors to the risk of growth are cost of funding and stock market prices. Financial conditions continue to tighten gradually since mid-2017; though the overall conditions remain accommodative. Risks stemming from loans to households seem to be contained over the short- to medium-term horizon, given relatively strong households’ balance sheets, no evidence of significant misalignment in house prices, social safety nets, and fixed interest rates.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; BNP Paribas; Crédit Agricole; risk tolerance; cash flow; central bank; balance sheet; interest rate; Stress testing; Insurance companies; Liquidity risk; Insurance; Liquidity; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Brazil: Financial Sector Assessment Program-Technical Note on Insurance Sector Regulation and Supervision
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
The insurance sector has significant potential for expansion and to contribute to economic growth as an important part of the financial sector. While the insurance sector has grown at 10 percent annually over the last 5 years, on average, and remains profitable with high solvency ratios, the insurance penetration and density are lower than other emerging markets. Nevertheless, the insurance industry has the potential to reach to much higher levels of insurance penetration. A few large conglomerate groups—composed of banks, insurers and investments funds—dominate the insurance sector. Conglomerate groups account for more than 75 percent of the market share. Reflecting very conservative regulations imposed by the Banco Central do Brasil (BCB) and the Superintendency of Private Insurance (SUSEP), the interlinkages between banks and insurers are limited. Nevertheless, material contagion may occur through a reputational channel, adversely impacting the profitability of the linked business.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; insurance product; SUSEP superintendent; SUSEP staff; banking group; SUSEP examination; Group supervision framework; annuity products; market share; conglomerate group; Insurance companies; Insurance; Mutual funds; Market risk; Financial Sector Assessment Program; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
Cyber Risk, Market Failures, and Financial Stability
Emanuel Kopp
,
Lincoln Kaffenberger
, and
Christopher Wilson
Cyber-attacks on financial institutions and financial market infrastructures are becoming more common and more sophisticated. Risk awareness has been increasing, firms actively manage cyber risk and invest in cybersecurity, and to some extent transfer and pool their risks through cyber liability insurance policies. This paper considers the properties of cyber risk, discusses why the private market can fail to provide the socially optimal level of cybersecurity, and explore how systemic cyber risk interacts with other financial stability risks. Furthermore, this study examines the current regulatory frameworks and supervisory approaches, and identifies information asymmetries and other inefficiencies that hamper the detection and management of systemic cyber risk. The paper concludes discussing policy measures that can increase the resilience of the financial system to systemic cyber risk.
Keywords:
WP; financial system; economic risk; preferred risk profile; business model; firms visibility; Cyber risk; systemic risk; cyber insurance; cyber regulation; risk management; information asymmetries; market failure; financial services firm; liability insurance; firms' customer; market risk shock; cybersecurity provider; risk assessment; data loss; cybersecurity risk; customer notification; breach customer security; Operational risk; Insurance; Financial sector; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
When Gambling for Resurrection is Too Risky
Mr. Divya Kirti
Rather than taking on more risk, US insurers hit hard by the crisis pulled back from risk taking, relative to insurers not hit as hard by the crisis. Capital requirements alone do not explain this risk reduction: insurers hit hard reduced risk within assets with identical regulatory treatment. State level US insurance regulation makes it unlikely this risk reduction was driven by moral suasion. Other financial institutions also reduce risk after large shocks: the same approach applied to banks yields similar results. My results suggest that, at least in some circumstances, franchise value can dominate, making gambling for resurrection too risky.
Keywords:
WP; interest-rate risk; yield to maturity; issued bond; bonds insurer; fair value; Life insurance; banking; risk shifting; franchise value; financial frictions; capital requirement; risk reduction; Insurance companies; Bonds; Credit risk; Corporate bonds; Insurance
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
United Kingdom: Financial Sector Assessment Program-Review of the Bank of England’s Liquidity Provision Framework-Technical Note
International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
This paper provides a review of the liquidity provision framework and recent developments in the United Kingdom. The Bank of England’s (BoE’s) Sterling Monetary Framework is the mechanism used in the United Kingdom to direct liquidity provision. The BoE’s relatively wide-ranging and accessible liquidity insurance framework raises three key questions and four other issues relevant to financial stability. The quantification of implications of the liquidity framework for the BoE balance sheet is still a work in progress. Safeguards are generally sufficient, although the BoE should ensure that lower level of supervisory scrutiny directed at small- and medium-sized enterprises does not adversely impact its horizon-scanning for firms at risk of requiring liquidity support.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; central bank; Bank.; ELA; swap line; liquidity insurance framework; BoE sterilization operation; horizon-scanning function; BoE base rate; ELA framework; Liquidity; Insurance; Lender of last resort; Foreign currency liquidity; Liquidity risk; Global
Cover IMF Working Papers
Macroprudential Solvency Stress Testing of the Insurance Sector
Andreas Jobst
,
Nobuyasu Sugimoto
, and
Timo Broszeit
Over the last decade, stress testing has become a central aspect of the Fund’s bilateral and multilateral surveillance work. Recently, more emphasis has also been placed on the role of insurance for financial stability analysis. This paper reviews the current state of system-wide solvency stress tests for insurance based on a comparative review of national practices and the experiences from Fund’s FSAP program with the aim of providing practical guidelines for the coherent and consistent implementation of such exercises. The paper also offers recommendations on improving the current insurance stress testing approaches and presentation of results.
Keywords:
WP; capital market; solvency regime; balance sheet; credit risk; cash flow; insurance; macroprudential surveillance; financial stability analysis; stress testing; cost of capital; fixed income; liquidity risk; insurance risk; interest rate shock; private equity; asset risk; risk measurement; Insurance companies; Solvency; Financial Sector Assessment Program; Global; Africa
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
Israel: Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes
International Monetary Fund
Israel’s Report on Standards and Codes for the financial sector is presented. The authorities take a proactive approach to supervision and correcting incipient problems, and regulations are generally up to date. The assessment of implementation of the Basel Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision has been conducted in November 2011 within the framework of the Financial Sector Assessment Program Update for Israel. The Bank of Israel and specifically its Banking Supervision Department headed by the Supervisor of Banks is responsible for prudential oversight of banks.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; central bank; clearing house; credit risk; risk assessment; active market; capital base; internal auditor; risk management; interbank market; insider trading; Insurance companies; Payment systems; Insurance; Legal support in revenue administration; Bank supervision; Global
Cover IMF Staff Country Reports
United States: Publication of Financial Sector Assessment Program Documentation: Reports on Observance and Codes
International Monetary Fund
The report gives a summary of the detailed assessment report on the implementation of the Basel Core Principles for Effective Banking in the United States and its recommendations, securities and futures market regulatory, insurance regulation, Fixed Income Clearing Corporation -Government Securities Division (FICC-GSD) system, and other recommendations such as Depository Trust Company (DTC) against the Recommendations for Securities Settlement Systems (RSSS), the National Securities Clearing Corporation (NSCC) against the Recommendation for Central Counterparties (RCCP), the Fedwire Securities Service (FSS) against the Committee on Payment and Settlement Systems -International Organization of Securities Commission (CPSS-IOSCO) RSSSs as well. The U.S. authorities welcomed the Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) and independent reviews, and appreciated significant undertaking associated with reviews in the wake of the crisis.
Keywords:
ISCR; CR; authority; Fixed Income Clearing Corporation-Government Securities Division; fund; governance arrangement; default procedure; NSCC business continuity arrangement; FSS participation requirements; FICC-GSD business continuity arrangement; business continuity arrangement; Securities; Insurance companies; Insurance; Central counterparty clearing house; Global